高考英语四选一阅读理解：细节理解题

一、高考英语阅读细节题三步法：第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说)二、高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练Key railway stations in EnglandSt Pancras InternationalLocated in London's city center on Euston Road, St Pancras International is one of the leading terminals (终点站) for Eurostar international train services from London to France, Belgium and the Netherlands.St Pancras station was established in 1868 and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world's most elegant railway stations.Paddington railway stationPaddington railway station is also known as Paddington Underground Station. Situated in Paddington, central London, the station is close to Marylebone and Bayswater. Paddington was opened in 1838 and is the London terminal of services operated by the Great Western Railway. King's Cross railway stationLocated on the edge of Central London in the UK, King's Cross station, or London King's Cross, is one of the country's busiest stations. It was opened in 1845 and named in honor of King George IV.Today, London King's Cross is one of the main hubs (中心) of the UK railway routes, connecting many major cities, including Edinburgh, Inverness, York, Cambridge, Newcastle, Glasgow and many other domestic routes. What's more, the famous Harry Potter platform 9³/ ₄is set on London's King's Cross station.Liverpool Lime Street railway stationLiverpool Lime Street is the central railway station in Liverpool, England. Established in 1836, the station is the oldest still-in-use grand terminal mainline station in the world. Plus, the building itself is quite impressive; its front was designed in the Renaissance Revival style.Trips from Liverpool Lime Street cover plenty of destinations across England, Wales and Scotland. And being the busiest station in Liverpool, it serves over 16 million passengers a year.1. Which station was put in use the latest of all?A. St Pancras International.B. Paddington railway station.C. King's Cross railway station.D. Liverpool Lime Street railway station.第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向1.Which station was put in use the latest of all?哪一个车站投入使用的最晚?第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）St Pancras station was established in 1868and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world's most elegant railway stations.圣潘克拉斯车站建于1868年，是维多利亚时代工程的杰作之一。

阅读理解-细节理解四1、 A new commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry,urging antitrust(反垄断)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago ,the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants(巨头)that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google,Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime,The giants' success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery, Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant,all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a “God’s eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required—and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the21st century. When considering a merger(兼并),for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms' data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-borm threat. Whenthis takes place,especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply panies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form emments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users' consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if govemments don't wants a data oconomy by a few giants, they must act soon.1.Why is there a call to break up giants?A.They have controlled the data marketB.They collect enormous private dataC.They no longer provide free servicesD.They dismissed some new-born giants2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A.Data giants’ technology is very expensiveB.Google’s idea is popular among data firmsC.Data can strengthen giants’ controlling positi onD.Data can be turned into new services or products3.By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulatorscould .A.kill a new threatB.avoid the size trapC.favour bigger firmsD.charge higher prices4.What is the purpose o f loosening the giants’ control of data?A.Big companies could relieve data security pressure.ernments could relieve their financial pressure.C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.D.Small companies could get more opportunities.2 、 El Nin o, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Niño in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱)in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Niño may relieve the drought in California, th ey are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Niño, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Niños come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施)can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道)make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Niño's harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and woundingpeople. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Niño, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.1.What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?A.It is named after a South American fisherman.B.It takes place almost every year all over the world.C.It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.D.It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.2.What may El Niños bring about to the countries affected?A.Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.B.Droughts become more harmful than floods.C.Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.D.Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.3.The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________.A.more investment should go to risk reductionernments of poor countries need more aidC.victims of El Niño deserve more compensationD.recovery and reconstruction should come first4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A.To introduce El Niño and its origin.B.To explain the consequences of El Niño.C.To show ways of fighting against El Niño.D.To urge people to prepare for El Niño.3、While WeChat is China's biggest mobile messaging app (应用软件),there are many equivalent(相当的) apps in other countries that offer similar features(特征).WhatsApp (US)Users: more than 300 millionPlatforms: Android, 10S, Windows Phone, BlackBerryFeatures:Text chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharingWith more than 300 million active users, WhatsApp is one of WeChat's biggest competitors. Developed by two ex-Yahoo! employees in 2009, WhatsApp originally focused on text chat, but onAug6 it also started push - to - talk service. It's noted for its accessibility, ease of use and the absence of advertisements. The service is free for the first year, after which $0.99 (6.06 yuan) is charged for one-year subscription.Kakao Talk (South Korea)Users: more than 100 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and Bada (an operateing system developed by Samsung)Features: Text chat, group chat, push - to - talk, group calls, file sharingWith more than 100 million users in more than 230 countries, Kakao Talk is a multi - platform ( 多平台 ) texting application that allows users to send and receive messages for free. With Kakao Talk, users can message each other one-on one or in group chats with unlimited numbers of friends. You can also choose from more than 250 animated emoticons (表情符号) and share them with friends.Line (Japan)Users: more than 200 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and PCFeatures:Text chat, group chat, push - to - talk, file sharing, location sharing, gaming, stickers.Line tops the list of the most downloaded free apps in 52 countries. Apart from text and voice messaging, Line provides its users with more than 250 original stickers and emoticons to buy from its own shop. In the first quarter of 2013 alone. it made $ ,7 million just from stickers. The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE Game.1.The first paragraph of the passage is used to _______.A.introduce the most popular mobile messaging apps in ChinaB.talk about new features in the latest mobile messaging appsC.draw readers' attention to various popular mobile messaging appsD.explain how mobile messaging apps have become so popularpared with the other two apps, which of the following features makes Line stand out?A.Group mobile games.B.Free stickers and emoticons.C.Free download of the app.D.Text and group chat.3.One of the popular features of WhatsApp is that users_______.A.can send and receive messages for freeB.can enjoy live video chats within groupsC.don't need to worry about unwanted adsD.regularly set free stickers and emoticons4、 During the past Spring Festival, many children may have received red packets from their families. But Xing Pu, a 40-year-old economist, is asking the government to give red packets to every Chinese citizen.Xing suggested the government give out 1,000 yuan to each Chinese since the government income has increased rapidly in recent years. He said his suggestion would allow everyone to directly enjoy the fruits of the country’s economic success, help the lower-income groups deal with rising prices and increase consumption(消费)around the country.Recent years have seen the government carry out a series of pro-poor(扶贫)and pro-rural(惠农)policies(政策),including increasing spending on public health-care and cutting down the agricultural tax. But the lower-income group still needs more help.Xing said he has borrowed many ideas from practices in countries like theUnited StatesandSingapore. Earlier this year, the governments of the two nations offered cash handouts(救济)to their citizens. As for inC hina, “We can even encourage the rich to donate their 1,000 yuan red packet to the poor,” said Xing.Although Xing’s suggestion has gained wide support among ordinary Chinese on the Internet, many other economists criticized it as unpractical. “To bett er use the increase of money, handing out money is not a solution that holds good for all time. It could be better to improve the public service or cut the price of energy use in daily life,” said Qiao Xinsheng, an economic professor.1.Xing Pu suggested that the government give out 1,000 yuan to each Chinese because ________.A.the poor should get help from the richB.the government should help the richC.the growing economic pie should be shared among the peopleD.the government doesn’t know how to use th e money2.What has the government done to help the lower-income group?A.Spending less on public health care.B.Increasing the agricultural tax.C.Handing out money to every Chinese.D.Carrying out pro-poor and pro-rural policies.3.Xing Pu’s ideas of givi ng red packets to every Chinese citizen mainly came from ________.A.children receiving red packets from their familiesB.the US andSingaporegovernments offering cash handouts to their citizensC.the government’s increasing spending on public health careD.the rising prices in the country4.According to Qiao Xinsheng, what is better than giving out money?A.Supplying food to everyone every day.B.Cutting the price of energy use in daily life.C.Controlling the rising of prices.D.Increasing the government income.5、 Rock music in one form or another is the most popular type of music all over the world. But where did it come from?Rock began in the USA in the early 1950s. At that time, “rhythm and blue” music was very popular with black Americans. “R&B” was a mixture of black religious music and jazz. It had strong rhythms that you could dance to and simple, fast words.Noticing the success of R&B music, white musicians started to copy the same style. By the mid-1950s, this new white R&B music, ca lled rock ’n’ roll, had become very popular. Singers like Elvis Presley and Bill Haley attracted millions of teenage fans. Their music was fast and loud. Many older people thought that rock ’n’ roll was very dangerous.By the early 1960s, even rock ’n’ roll had become old-fashioned. Many of the songs had begun to sound the same. It was at that time that a new group from England became popular — the Beatles.The Beatles first started by singing American style songs, but they soon developed their own style, with more complicated tunes. They also introduced different instruments. Groups like the Beatles had a very important influence on the style of popular music.By the early 1970s, rock ’n’ roll had developed into a new form of music. Electronics had replaced the amplified guitars and drums of rock ’n’ roll. “Rock” had arrived.Rock music had continued to change and develop. It had combined with music from different parts of the world. Today, there are hundreds of different types of rock music, and almost every country has its own form of rock.1.When had rock ’n’ roll become very popular?A.By the mid-1950s.B.By the early 1960s.C.By the mid-1960s.D.By the early 1970s.2.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Beatles?A.It was not an American group.B.This group had their own style.C.This group made American style songs popular.D.The style of popular music had been influenced by this group.3.It can be inferred from the passage that Elvis Presley and Bill Haley________.A.we re singers of “R&B”B.were singers in the mid-1950sC.were members of the BeatlesD.were popular with old people4.What's the best title of the passage?A.Popular MusicB.The History of Rock MusicC.Different Forms of Music in AmericaD.The Beatles6、 I was reading these interesting stories behind a group of great logos in the world. Personally Nike is my favorite one—it’s so simple. And I liked the stories behind them, which made me forget all other things. McDonald’s, Apple, Mercedes Benz and Adidas own great logos as well, and they are among my favorites.NikeIn the Greek myth, Nike is the goddess of victory and the source of inspiration for soldiers. This logo represents the wing in the famous statue of the Greek goddess. Nike’s logo was des igned by Carolyn Davidson in 1971 for $ 35, and was registered as a trademark in 1995.McDonald’sThe logo was designed in 1962 by Jim Schindler to resemble the arch shaped (拱形的) signs on the side of the company’s then walk-up hamburger stand. Later on, the two golden arches were combined together to form the M. The McDonald’s name was added to the logo in 1968.AppleThere are different stories behind Apple’s logo. The first logo was a reference to the religious story of Adam and Eve, in which the apple representedthe fruit of the Tree of Knowledge. One year later, the second logo was designed in 1977 by Steven Jobs and Ronald Wayne, and it described Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree. This logo didn’t stay long. One year later it was replaced almost immediately by graphic designer Rob Janoff’s “rainbow apple”, a rainbow-colored silhouette (轮廓) of an apple with a bite taken out of it. And then the rainbow-colored apple was replaced by the one-colored logo in 1998. It has not been changed so far.Mercedes BenzThe Mercedes Benz logo, which was originally created by Gottlieb Daimler in 1909, consists of a simple description of a three- pointed star that represents its rule of the land, the sea and the air. The company was founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. Mercedes is the name of Maybach’s elder daughter, while Benz came as a result of a combination with Benz, Cie. and DMG in 1926.1.What does the author think of the stories of the great logos?A.They are boring.B.They are attractiveC.They are out of date.D.They are practical2.What does Nike’s logo stand for?A.The goddess of victoryB.The source of inspiration for soldiersC.The wing of the Greek goddessD.The statue of the Greek goddess3.We can learn that Apple’s present logo is______.A.the religious story of Adam and EveB.Newton’s sitting under an apple treeC.a bitten apple with only one colorD.the rainbow-colored bitten apple4.Which of the following time orders describes the births of the great logos?A.Nike –McDonald’s – Apple – Mercedes Benz.B.Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Nike – Apple.C.Mercedes Benz – Apple – Nike –McDonald’s.D.Nike –Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Apple.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.B; 4.D解析：1.推理判断题,根据第二段第一句中的“Such s ituation"可知答案在第一段,第一段暗示出分化商业巨头的原因是他们控制了数据市场, 故答案为A项。

2021年地区高考英语阅读理解文章的细节理解8例一篇文章有了话题〔topic〕，确定了要表达的中心思想〔main idea〕，还必须通过许多细节的信息来进一步解释或者表达主题，表达中心思想。

弄懂这些细节，对于理解全文的作用是不容无视的，也是归纳、概括文章中心思想的根底。

因此，在高考命题中往往会要求考生根据不同的要求，阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或者准确地寻找所需的细节。

这类考题可以是比拟直接的，理解字面意义就可以答题；但也可能是比拟间接的，要通过归纳、综合或者推理才能答题。

例1Tom Brenna was working in a Philadelphia office building when he noticed a black bag. The bag contained a book.This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure –a 120-page diary kept 190 years a go by Deborah Logan, “a woman who knew everybody in her day,〞James Green, the librarian told the magazine American Libraries.Most of the diary is a record of big events in Philadelphia. It is also includes a description of British soldiers burning Washington, D.C. in the war of 1812. She describes President James Madison on horseback as “perfectly shaking with fear〞during the troubled days. George Washington, she writes, mistook her for the wife of a French man, and praised her excellent English.The adventure of the lost book began September 4 when Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancestor (祖先) to the library Company, which he and his wife considered to be best home for the diary.Green told American Libraries he had the diary in his possession “about five minutes〞when Luxmoore took it back because he had promised to show it to one other person. On returning his hotel after showing the precious book to Green, Luxmoore was shocked to realise that he had left it in the taxi.Without any delay, Green began calling every taxi company in the city, with no luck. “I’ve felt sick since then,〞Luxmoore told reporters.According to Green, no one has yet learned how the diary came to the office building. Tom Brennan received a reward of $1,000, Philadelphia gained another treasure for hit history. And Luxmoore told reporters, “It’s wonderful news. I’m on high.〞1. From the text, we learn that the diary is now owned by _______.A. Tom BrennaB. an unknown personC. a Philadelphia magazineD. the library Company of Philadelphia2. Philadelphia is thought to be the best home for the diary because ________.A. it was written in PhiladelphiaB. it tells stories about PhiladelphiaC. people in the city are interested in old thingsD. the British and Americans once fought in Philadelphia3. Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the diary?a. Tom Brennan found the book in an office buildingb. The book was shown to James Greenc. Cory Luxmoore arrived from Englandd. The book was left behind in a taxiA. a, b, c, dB. c, b, d, aC. a, c, d, bD. c, a, b, d注释：第3小题是掌握文章细节的第一种情况，即获取信息是比拟直接的，理解字面意义就可以答题，正确答案显然是B.第1和2 小题属掌握文章细节的第二种情况，即信息获取是比拟间接的，要通过归纳、综合或者推理才能答题。

专题训练对应学生用书P076[1](2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's “me” time. And like more Americ ans, she's not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know？”Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week，” he said. “It's a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.【语篇解读】本文体裁为说明文。

专题一阅读理解[全国卷3年考情分析]题型与题量卷别细微环节理解题推理推断题主旨大意题词义揣测题考情分析从统计表可以看出，高考英语阅读理解的题型设置以细微环节理解题和推理推断题为主，兼顾主旨大意题和词义揣测题。

细微环节理解题相对简洁，而其他三种题型相对较难。

在近两年的考查趋向上，细微环节理解题的答案更加隐藏，叙述含蓄，干脆信息题会越来越少，取而代之的将是事实细微环节题加入很多推理、推断、归纳等元素；推理推断题的难度会适当加大。

本专题将对这四种题型进行递进式的指导。

2024 卷Ⅰ7 5 2 1 卷Ⅱ9 3 2 1 卷Ⅲ9 3 2 12024 卷Ⅰ7 6 1 1 卷Ⅱ 5 6 2 2 卷Ⅲ 6 6 2 12024 卷Ⅰ10 3 1 1卷Ⅱ7 5 1 2卷Ⅲ8 4 1 2第一讲细微环节理解题——定位信息巧比对细微环节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比重，而且此类题型相对比较简洁，只须要依据题干中的关键词，回到原文定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出正确答案。

因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分，保住基本分才能得高分。

但有些细微环节理解题由于命题人有意设置障碍，把有用信息分散在文章不同位置，有时又有转折、否定等，因此有些题目须要细致地思索、对比、计算、对上下文关键信息把握和分析。

尽管细微环节理解题相对简洁，但不行掉以轻心。

细微环节理解题常见的考查题型有：干脆信息题、间接信息题、概括细微环节理解题和正误推断题。

一、题型特点要知晓(一)细微环节理解题常见设问方式1．特别疑问句形式。

以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词引出的问题。

2．推断是非形式。

含有TRUE/FALSE, NOT true或EXCEPT等的推断是非的问题。

此时要留意题干中是否含有否定词，如not, never等。

3．以“According to ...”开头的提问形式。

1．题型特点与命题方式所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。

一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。

)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型问题的基础。

这类题型的题干常为：When / Where did the story happen?Which of the following statements is (NOT) correct?Which of the following statements is (NOT) mentioned in the passage?Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?All the statements are true EXCEPT…该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。

所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。

在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。

做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。

2．解题思路与应试技巧细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。

通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：(1)对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。

把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。

(2)词性或者语态的变化。

把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。

专题训练对应学生用书P071[1](2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution(解决方案). “We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers，” says Florence Gold, a project manager.“There are no tests，” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal？’Basically, it's ‘I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it's not a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review of your product.”Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I don't teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.【语篇解读】本文体裁为记叙文。