考研1号考研英语模拟试题

考研英语（一）模拟试卷201(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)The scientist who wants to predict the way which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must 【B1】_______ data both on the resources of consumers and on the motive that 【B2】_______ to encourage or discourage money spending. If an economist were asked which of three groups borrow most—people with rising incomes,【B3】______incomes, or decreasing incomes—he would probably answer, those with 【B4】_______ incomes. 【B5】_______, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with decreasing incomes were 【B6】_______ and people with stable incomes borrowed least. This shows us that traditional 【B7】_______ about the relation between earning and spending are not always【B8】______. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will【B9】______to buy.【B10】______, research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not【B11】______buying. One typical attitude was expressed【B12】______the wife of mechanic in an interview at a time of rising price. “In a few months,” she said, “we’ll have【B13】______to spend on other things.” Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this【B14】______. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be disliked and buyer’s【B15】______may be produced. This is shown by the following【B16】______comment: “I just don’t pay these prices; they are too high.”The investigations mentioned above were【B17】______in America. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are【B18】______, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of【B19】______stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer【B20】______.1．【B1】A．achieveB．processC．resistD．interpret正确答案：B解析：本句意为“他必须______有关消费者资源和______于鼓励或阻止货币支出的动机这两方面的数据”。

英语考研一模拟试题Part I: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or incomplete statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement or answers the question.Passage 1Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.When it comes to hosting a dinner party, most people focus on the menu and the guest list. However, one important aspect that is often overlooked is the seating arrangement.It may seem like a small detail, but the way guests are seated can have a big impact on the success of the dinner party. A well-thought-out seating arrangement can help create a comfortable and enjoyable atmosphere for everyone involved.First and foremost, consider the size and shape of the table. If you have a long rectangular table, it's best to seat guests across from each other. This allows for easy conversation and interaction between guests. For a round table, consider seating guests in a way that allows everyone to see and talk to each other easily.Another important factor to consider is the mix of personalities at the table. Try to seat guests with similar interests next to each other toencourage conversation. It's also a good idea to seat more outgoing guests next to quieter ones to help balance the dynamics of the table.In conclusion, the seating arrangement is a key element in hosting a successful dinner party. By taking the time to carefully plan out the seating, you can ensure that your guests have an enjoyable and memorable experience.1. What is one important aspect that is often overlooked when hosting a dinner party?A. The guest listB. The menuC. The seating arrangementD. The decorations2. According to the passage, what is the best seating arrangement for a long rectangular table?A. Guests sitting next to each otherB. Guests sitting randomlyC. Guests seated across from each otherD. Guests seated in a circle3. What should be considered when seating guests to encourage conversation?A. Similar personalitiesB. Different personalitiesC. Different interestsD. Age differences4. How can outgoing guests help balance the dynamics of the table?A. By being the center of attentionB. By sitting next to each otherC. By engaging with quieter guestsD. By leaving early5. What does the author suggest is the key element in hosting a successful dinner party?A. The menuB. The guest listC. The decorationsD. The seating arrangementPassage 2Questions 6-10 are based on the following passage.Technology has become an integral part of our lives, with smartphones, tablets, and laptops being used on a daily basis. While these devices offer convenience and connectivity, there are also downsides to their constant usage.One of the major concerns related to technology is the impact it has on our sleep. The blue light emitted by screens can disrupt our natural sleep cycle, making it harder for us to fall asleep at night. Additionally, the constant notifications and alerts from our devices can lead to increased stress and anxiety, further affecting our ability to get a good night's rest.Moreover, technology has changed the way we communicate with others. While it has made it easier to stay in touch with friends and family, it has also led to a decrease in face-to-face interactions. Many people now rely on texting and social media to communicate, rather than having meaningful conversations in person.In conclusion, while technology offers many benefits, it's important to be mindful of its impact on our sleep and social interactions. Finding a balance between technology use and offline activities is crucial for maintaining our physical and mental well-being.6. According to the passage, what is a major concern related to technology?A. Its impact on our physical healthB. Its impact on our sleepC. Its impact on our social interactionsD. Its impact on our work productivity7. How does the blue light emitted by screens affect our sleep?A. It helps us fall asleep fasterB. It has no impact on our sleepC. It disrupts our natural sleep cycleD. It improves the quality of our sleep8. What can the constant notifications and alerts from devices lead to?A. Increased productivityB. Decreased stress and anxietyC. Improved memoryD. Increased stress and anxiety9. What has technology changed in terms of communication?A. It has decreased face-to-face interactionsB. It has increased face-to-face interactionsC. It has made face-to-face interactions easierD. It has had no impact on face-to-face interactions10. According to the passage, what is crucial for maintaining our physical and mental well-being in relation to technology use?A. Using technology more oftenB. Limiting offline activitiesC. Finding a balance between technology use and offline activitiesD. Completely avoiding technology useSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in the passage. However, the statements are numbered, and you may find the statements in a different order. Choose the order in which the statements are mentioned in the passage.Passage 3A. Twelve-year-old Laxmi Agarwal was walking down the street when she was attacked by a man twice her age. Enraged that she had rejected his advances, the attacker poured acid on her face, leaving her with disfigured features and a lifetime of physical and emotional pain.B. Acid attacks are brutal acts of violence that scar their victims not only physically but emotionally and psychologically as well. Yet, despite the trauma and discrimination they face, many survivors have shown incredible resilience and strength in rebuilding their lives.C. The aftermath of an acid attack is devastating, as victims are left to deal with physical injuries, trauma, and societal stigma. Reconstructive surgery is often needed to restore their appearance, but the emotional scars can be harder to heal.D. Survivors of acid attacks face numerous challenges, including medical treatment, legal battles, and societal judgment. However, many have turned their pain into power by advocating for stricter laws against acid violence and raising awareness about the issue.E. Acid attacks are a form of gender-based violence that stems from jealousy, revenge, or rejection. Victims are frequently targeted byperpetrators who seek to exert power and control over them, using acid as a weapon to disfigure and intimidate.F. Despite the physical and emotional scars they carry, acid attack survivors have shown remarkable courage and resilience in overcoming their trauma. Many have become advocates for change, speaking out against the violence and discrimination they have experienced.Part II: Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Section ADirections: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.16. The teacher ___________ the students to study for the exam.A. suggestedB. explainedC. announcedD. mentioned17. She's always been interested in ____________ cultures and languages.A. foreignB. localC. internationalD. regional18. We ______________ a lot of rain during the rainy season.A. getB. haveC. receiveD. take19. It's important to ______________ yourself before going out in the sun.A. coverB. protectC. preserveD. maintain20. The _____________ of the matter was finally resolved after months of negotiation.A. problemB. questionC. issueD. topicSection BDirections: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.21. We ______________ (not/go) to the concert last night because we were too tired.22. The company ______________ (consider) relocating to a bigger office space.23. I ______________ (talk) to my parents on the phone when the earthquake struck.24. She ______________ (learn) Spanish for three years before moving to Spain.25. By the time I had arrived at the station, the train ______________ (leave).Part III: Writing (40 points)Directions: Write a short essay (about 300 words) on the following topic.How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected education around the world? Discuss the challenges faced by students, teachers, and educational systems, as well as the opportunities for growth and innovation in the midst of the crisis.End of Exam---以上为英语考研一模拟试题的内容，希望能够帮助您进行备考。

考研英语（一）模拟试卷21(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)It is much clear that our diets are unhealthy. Now, an increasing number of scientists and physicians wonder if our【C1】______for unhealthy, obesity-inducing eating might be【C2】______to the food choices made during our first weeks and months of life.【C3】______, the latest research indicates that what we learn to like as infants【C4】______what we eat as adults. If 【C5】______, we might be able to【C6】______the obesity epidemic in a new and more promising way, one that【C7】______the very first spoonful. Today, 【C8】______, most of those early loving spoonfuls contain more sugar and salt thanis nutritionally【C9】______. A recent study in the Journal of Public Health found that53 percent of processed baby and toddler foods lining supermarket shelves have a(n) 【C10】______number of calories from simple sugars, and 12 percent of them have too much sodium. The authors,【C11】______how overindulgence【C12】______both of these nutrients is linkedto cardiovascular disease and diabetes, suggest that early【C13】______to overly sweet or salty meals could promote a taste for these unhealthy【C14】______in the future. 【C15】______focus on limiting the unhealthful aspects of diet, Gary Beauchamp, a biopsychologist and a leading expert on chemosensory science, prefers to study the【C16】______of good-for-you foods. Based on data he has collected in the past 40 years, Beauchamp thinks “that complex multisensory flavor profiles are influenced by our【C17】______during the first few monthsof life. “ And if parents【C18】______healthful tastes and flavors, such as carrots or broccoli,【C19】______, an infant will not only rapidly adapt, but will also develop a(n)【C20】______for these flavors that could persist for a lifetime. [279 words]1．【C1】A．preparationB．inclinationC．compensationD．suggestion正确答案：B解析：本题考查上下文语义。

考研英语（一）模拟试卷83(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)1．When a disease of epidemic proportions threatens the public, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of affliction and find ways to combat. Vaccination is one of the effective ways to protect the (1)_____ population of a region or country which may be (2)_____ grave risk. The process of vaccination allows the patient’s body to (3)_____ immunity to the virus or disease so that, if it is encountered, one can fight it (4)_____ naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak or dead (5)_____ of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, (6)_____ his body’s immune system can learn to fight the invader (7)_____. Information (8)_____ how to penetrate the disease’s defenses is (9)_____ to all elements of the patient’s immune system in a process that occurs naturally, in which genetic information is passed from cell to cell. This makes sure that (10)_____ the patient later come into contact with the real problem, his body is well equipped and trained to (11)_____ with it, having already done so before. There are, however, dangers (12)_____ in the process. (13)_____, even the weakened version of the disease contained in the vaccine proves (14)_____ much for the body to handle, resulting in the immune system (15)_____, and, therefore, the patient’s death. Such is the case of the smallpox vaccine, (16)_____ to eradicate the smallpox epidemic that nearly (17)_____ the whole Native American population and killed massive numbers of settlers. (18)_____ l in 10,000 people who receive the vaccine (19)_____ the smallpox disease from the vaccine itself and dies from it. Consequently, the process, which is truly a (20)_____, may indeed hide some hidden curses.Notes:proportions (pl.)规模；程度；大小affliction (疾病)痛苦vaccination n. 接种疫苗eradicate v. 根除,消灭A．entireB．totalC．completeD．complex正确答案：A解析：词义搭配。

考研英语模拟试题一及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 ."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty."Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1．[A] Unlike [B] Besides[C] Despite [D] Throughout2．[A] connected [B] restricted[C] equal [D] inferior3．[A] choice [B] view[C] lesson [D] host4．[A] recall [B] forget[C] avoid [D] keep5．[A] collecting [B] involving[C] guiding [D] affecting6．[A] of [B] in[C] at [D] on7．[A] devoted [B] exposed[C] lost [D] attracted8．[A] across [B] along[C] down [D] out9．[A] calculated [B] denied[C] doubted [D] imagined10．[A] served [B] required[C] restored [D] explained11．[A] Even [B] Still[C] Rather [D] Thus12．[A] defeats [B] symptoms[C] tests [D] errors13．[A] minimized [B] highlighted[C] controlled [D] increased14．[A] equipped [B] associated[C] presented [D] compared15．[A] assess [B] moderate[C] generate [D] record16．[A] in the face of [B] in the form of[C] in the way of [D] in the name of17．[A] transfer [B] commit[C] attribute [D] return18．[A] because [B] unless[C] though [D] until19．[A] emerges [B] vanishes[C] remains [D] decreases20．[A] experiences [B] combines[C] justifies [D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago's O'Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is thatairports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[B] highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current security checks.[D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection.22. which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travelers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word "expedited" (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to[A] faster.[B] quieter.[C] wider.[D] cheaper.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is[A] A dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] Its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] The government's reluctance to back it.[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2"The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers," wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island's inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMTsite was chosen to minimize the telescope's visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani's remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A] its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers' feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A] its geographical features[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today's astronomy[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians' hostility.30.The author's attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile." With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges , there are a number of consistent themes . Yes , there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash , but in key indicators in areas such as health and education , major economies have continued to decline . Yet this isn't the case with all countries . Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society , income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn : When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different .So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations , as a measure , it is no longer enough . It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes - all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth . But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress .31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness .[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP .[D]had a low opinion of GDP .32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy .[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP .33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?[A]It is sponsored by 163 countries .[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[C]Its criteria are questionable .[D]Its results are enlightening .34.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom .[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline .[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues .35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK Lesson[B]GDP Figures, a Window on Global Economic Health[C]Rebort F.Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK's Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court's decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell's trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his "official acts," or the former governor's decisions on "specific" and "unsettled" issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is "distasteful" and "nasty." But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an "official act".The court's ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery." The basic compact underlying representative government," wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court," assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns."But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader's source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society-that all are equal in treatment by government-is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court's ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell's duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell's conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell's ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] leaking secrets intentionally.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court's ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author's attitude toward the court's ruling is[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportivePart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches ,which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office -a respectable position, but wish little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, e traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D →41. →42. →43. →44. →B →45.【答案】41. [F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth42. [E] Soon after his father's release from prison43. [A]The first published sketch44. [C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared45. [G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker worldPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.【答案】(46) 但是即使当下英语使用者的人群还在进一步扩大，有迹象表明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐渐失去其全球主导地位。

考研英语一模拟试题及答案解析（15）(1~20/共20题)完形填空Millions of dollars often depend on the choice of which commercial to use in launching a new product. So you show the commercials to a __1__ of typical consumers and ask their opinion. The answers you get can sometimes lead you into a big __2__. Respondents may lie just to be polite.Now some companies and major advertising __3__ have been hiring voice detectives who test your normal voice and then record you on tape __4__ commenting on a product. A computer analyzes the degree and direction of change __5__ normal. One kind of divergence of pitch means the subject __6__ Another kind means he was really enthusiastic. In a testing of two commercials __7__ children, they were, vocally, about equally __8__ of both, but the computer reported their emotional __9__ in the two was totally different.Most major commercials are sent for resting-to theaters __10__ with various electronic measuring devices. People regarded as __11__ are brought in off the street. Viewers can push buttons to __12__ whether they are interested or bored.Newspaper and magazine groups became intensely interested in testing their ads for a product __13__ TV ads for the same product. They were interested because the main __14__ of evidence shows that people __15__ a lot more mental activity when they read __16__ when they sit in front of the TV set. TV began to be __17__ a low-involvement __18__. It is contended that low involvement means that there is less __19__ that the ad message will be __20__.Notes commercial广告。

2023年考研《考研英语一》考试全真模拟易错、难点汇编叁（带答案）（图片大小可自由调整）一.全考点综合测验(共45题)1.【单选题】________ the concert had begun did we realize what a splendid show it was going to be.A.No soonerB.Only afterC.HardlyD. Scarcely正确答案：B2.【单选题】_______ the movie I would have finished my paper last Sunday.A.In spite ofB. But forC.Because ofD. As for正确答案：B3.【单选题】She ________ her nervousness to the importance of the interview.A.contributedB.dedicatedC. distributedD. attributed正确答案：D4.【单选题】To study a foreign language, __________.A.a good dictionary should be boughtB. buying a good dictionary is necessaryC. you should buy a good dictionaryD. it is necessary that you will buy a good dictionary正确答案：D5.【单选题】________, John has been to several foreign countries.A.Even he is youngB.Young though he isC.In spite of he is youngD. Young is as he正确答案：B6.【单选题】The terrible noise is ______ me mad.A.turningB. settingC.drivingD.putting正确答案：C7.【单选题】In some schools children who prefer to read books rather than ________ football become social outcasts (被抛弃者).A.playC. to playD.to playing正确答案：A8.【单选题】Since William had been seriously ill for several months, his parents were worried about________ to return to school full-time.A. he wantedB. he wantingC.him to wantD.his wanting正确答案：D9.【单选题】The wealth of a country should be measured ________ the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.A.in line withB.in terms ofD.by means of正确答案：B10.【单选题】The problem ________ when the students refused to do their homework.A. aroseB.arousedC.roseD. raised正确答案：A11.【单选题】When I came through the customs at the airport, I had to pay ________ on a clock I had bought.A.taxesB.dutyC.finesD.fees正确答案：C12.【单选题】________ they've got to know each other a little better, they get along just fine.A.Due toB.Ever sinceC.Now thatD.Regardless of正确答案：C13.【单选题】Sorry sir, we don't have wine or beer. We are only licensed to sell _______ drinks.A.pureB.sweetdD.soft正确答案：D【单选题】We must ______ that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible.A.assureB.secureC.ensureD.issue正确答案：A15.【单选题】In the future, more ______ should be placed on the education of the young.A.crisisB.implicationsC.impressionsD.emphasis正确答案：D16.【单选题】If you want to find a decent location for your own home, ________ Mr. Smith for advice.B.pass throughC. shut inD. write up正确答案：A17.【单选题】She got a job as an assistant stage manager at the Cambridge Arts Festival Theatre, thinkingthat it might ________ to a career as a playwright ( 剧作家).A.pave the wayB.work wonderC. point outD.stand a chance正确答案：A18.【单选题】She had clearly no ________ of doing any work, although she was very well paid.A.tendencyB.ambitionD. willingness正确答案：C19.【单选题】Be careful, _______ you'll fall down.A.on the contraryB.or ratherC.or elseD.as for正确答案：C20.【单选题】We regret to ________ that it may not be possible to deal with every request.A. put offB.pass onC.help alongD.point out21.【单选题】Only a(n) ________ few were invited to the dancing party.A.electB.specialC.selectD.selective正确答案：C22.【单选题】The opposition leaders ________ the government for not taking action sooner.A.warnedB.criticizedC.threatenedD.urged正确答案：B23.【单选题】The boy ran out of the classroom without the teacher's _______.mandB.convictionC.consentD. compromise正确答案：C24.【单选题】The association is ________ to raising funds to help the blind.A.conductedmittedC.concentratedD.concerned正确答案：B25.【单选题】The farmer had to wear heavy boots in the winter because the fields were too wet and________.A. earthyC.dustyD. muddy正确答案：D26.【单选题】After so many days without rain, the ground quickly ________ the little rain that fell last night.A.droppedB. floodedC.graspedD.absorbed正确答案：D27.【单选题】________ from the occasional late night party, our neighbors are very quiet.A.ApartB.ButC. Except正确答案：A28.【单选题】I bought this eighteenth century writing desk at a quite ________ price.A.reasonableB.cheapC.smallD.expensive正确答案：A29.【单选题】The engine has broken and the boat is ______ on the water.A.flowingB.floatingC. driftingD.sailing正确答案：B30.【单选题】When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them ________.A.offB.sideC. outD. down正确答案：A本题解析：本题为短语动词词义辨析题。

河南考研英语一模拟试题一、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

Once upon a time, a shopkeeper put a sign in his window that read "Puppies for Sale." The sign brought lots of young children into the store, and they chattered about various breeds. But soon an old man approached. "They're so cute," said the old man, "but I'm looking for a friend, not just a pet." The old man pointed to a lone puppy sitting in the corner. "What about that one?"The shopkeeper explained that the little puppy had been born with a deformed leg and would never run or play like the other dogs. The old man leaned down and gently touched the puppy's head. "That's the friend I am looking for," he said. "I'll take him."Years passed, and the old man and the puppy, named Tiny, became inseparable. Tiny quickly learned to hop around on three legs and could even keep up with his owner on long walks. The town's children would laugh and point at Tiny, but the old man simply smiled and kept walking.One stormy night, an earthquake shook the town and a fire broke out in the old man's home. People rushed to help, but the flames were too strong for anyone to enter the burning building. Suddenly, Tiny ran into the chaos. Barking and tugging at the firefighters, Tiny led them to the old man, who was trapped inside. Thanks to Tiny's bravery, the old man was saved.After the fire, the old man and Tiny were hailed as heroes. The children who used to laugh at Tiny now admired him. The shopkeeper felt ashamed for having doubted Tiny's ability to be a true friend. From that day on, Tiny was not seen as a disabled dog, but as a loyal companion and a superhero in the eyes of the townspeople.1. Why did the shopkeeper put a sign in his window?A. To attract more customers to his shop.B. To inform people about the puppies for sale.C. To show off the different breeds of the puppies.D. To advertise the puppies for sale.2. What distinguished Tiny from the other puppies?A. Tiny was the smallest puppy in the store.B. Tiny was the only puppy with a deformed leg.C. Tiny was the most playful puppy in the store.D. Tiny was the oldest puppy in the store.3. How did Tiny prove to be a true friend to the old man?A. By running away from the old man during storms.B. By staying by the old man's side through thick and thin.C. By being the most popular dog in the town.D. By showing off his jumping skills to the other dogs.4. What happened during the stormy night?A. Tiny got lost and the old man couldn't find him.B. A fire broke out in the old man's home.C. Tiny fell and hurt his deformed leg.D. People rushed to buy the puppies for sale.5. How did the townspeople view Tiny after the fire?A. They still mocked him and laughed at his disabilities.B. They admired him for his bravery and loyalty.C. They felt sorry for him and gave him special treatment.D. They were indifferent to his heroic actions.二、作文请根据以下题目，写一篇短文。

考研英语（一）模拟试卷105(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)Here I want to try to give you an answer to the question; What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? Probably no two people would【B1】______exactly similar lists, but I think the following would be generally【B2】______. First, the teacher’s personality should be pleasantly【B3】______and attractive. This does not rule out people who are physically【B4】______, or even ugly, because many such have great personal【B5】______. But it【B6】______rule out such types as the 【B7】______, melancholy, frigid, sarcastic, frustrated and overbearing: I would say too, that it【B8】______all of dull or purely negative personality. Secondly, it is not merely desirable【B9】______essential for a teacher to have a genuine 【B10】______for sympathy—a capacity to tune【B11】______to the minds and feelings of other people, especially, to the minds and feelings of children. 【B12】______related with this is the capacity to be【B13】______—not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the frailty(意志薄弱)and immaturity of human nature which【B14】______people, and again especially children, to make mistakes. Thirdly, I【B15】______it essential for a teacher to he both intellectually and morally honest. This does not mean being a saint. It means that he will be aware of his intellectual strength, and【B16】______, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be【B17】______There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a 【B18】______of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to【B19】______an act—to enliven a lesson , correct a fault, or【B20】______praise. Children , especially young children , live in a world that is rather larger than life.1．【B1】A．draw upB．put downC．make outD．hand in正确答案：A解析：本题考查动词短语的用法。

考研英语（一）模拟试卷140(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)1．Air is (1)_____, and like all matter, it has weight. Weight is the measure of the (2)_____ of gravity (3)_____ matter. If a scale registers 10 kilograms when a stone is placed on it, this means that gravity pulls the stone with that (4)_____ force.(5)_____, earth’s gravity pulls on each (6)_____ of gas and dust on the atmosphere. Because our atmosphere is a. vast (7)_____ of air, it has (8)_____. If it could (9)_____ be compressed and put on a (10)_____ of scales, it would weigh about 5,700,000,000,000,000 (quadrillion) metric tons. The air pressed down on us and against us (11)_____ all sides. Something (12)_____ a ton of air is pressing against you at this moment. You are not (13)_____ of this because air pressure within your body (14)_____ the pressure of the air outside. Air pressure is 1.036 kilograms per square centimeter (14.7 pounds per square inch) at sea (15)_____. It is greatest there because that is the (16)_____ of the atmosphere. (17)_____ higher altitudes the pressure is (18)_____. That is why the (19)_____ of highflying planes are pressurized. They are designed to (20)_____ the air pressure our bodies must have.A．thingB．materialC．atmosphereD．matter正确答案：D解析：本题是一道词义辨析题。