人教部编版初中英语语法大全[知识点总结可打印]

初中英语基础语法知识点总结初中英语必背核心语法！单选、完形、作文都有用！(绝对精品文档，价值很高，值得下载打印练习)规则名词单数变复数：1)一般情况下，在名词后加-s;2)词尾是s,x,ch,sh结尾的词，在词尾后加-es;3)“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加-es;以y结尾的专有名词或“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接加-s;4)以“+o”结尾的词，一般在词尾加-s;在词尾加-es的词：黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）爱吃西红柿（tomato）土豆（potato）5)以-f/fe结尾的词，变复数，将-f/fe改为v加es;不规则名词单数变复数：1）含 man（男人）的词一般变为 men2）将 oo 改为 ee 的有foot-feet（脚）tooth-teeth（牙刷goose-geese(鹅肉笨蛋)3）以 en结尾的有 child-childen（孩子） ox-oxen（公牛）4）将 ouse 改为 ice 的 mouse-mice（老鼠）5）单复数同形的是 sheep（羊）deer（鹿）Chinese（中国人）注：fish ①作“鱼肉”讲，为不可数名词，没有复数形式②作“鱼类”讲，复数形式为fishes；③作“鱼的条数”讲，复数形式为fish，单复同形。

冠词冠词通常放在名词前，分为定冠词the，表特指，和不定冠词an（后接元音音素开头的单词）和a（后接辅音音素开头的单词），表泛指。

定冠词使用顺口溜：特指、重提和唯一，岛屿、海峡和海湾；海洋、党派、最高级，沙漠、河流与群山；方位、顺序和乐器，年代、团体与机关；船名、建筑和组织，会议、条约与报刊；姓氏复数、国全名，请你记住用定冠；零冠词月，季，星期，节假、周、头衔、职务前、三餐、球类、惯用语、学科、棋类名词前，一般不用任何冠词。

基数词变序数词歌基变序，有规律词尾加上-th(fourth,sixth)一、二、三，特殊例，结尾字母t,d,d(first,second,third)八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth)ve要用 f替;(fifth,twelfth)ty将y改成i,th前面有个e。

英语语法大全初中英语语法学习提纲一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。

1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。

如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。

如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。

如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。

如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。

如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。

如：now, very,here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。

如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。

如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。

如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。

如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语1234567312Chinese; Japanese⑦English⑧French⑨German⑩国名+(i)an如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious(3)派生副词：①形容词+ly ②其它,如：slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly等等。

完整版人教版初中英语语法完整总结人教版初中英语语法完整总结如下：时态：动词的时态分为一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。

一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）：表示经常性活动、习惯或客观事实。

一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）：表示过去发生的动作或状态。

一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）：表示将来发生的动作或状态。

现在进行时（Present Continuous Tense）：表示现在正在进行的动作。

过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）：表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。

现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense）：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或一直持续到现在的动作。

过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）：表示过去某个时间点或动作之前已经发生过的动作或状态。

语态：英语中的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态（Active Voice）：主语为动作的执行者。

被动语态（Passive Voice）：主语是动作的承受者。

名词：名词主要负责表示事物的名称和概念。

可数名词（Countable Nouns）：表示可以计数的名词，可有单数和复数形式。

不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）：表示不可数的名词，只有单数形式。

复数名词（Plural Nouns）：表示复数的名词，可通过在名词后加-s或-es形成。

冠词：冠词主要用于限定名词。

不定冠词（Indefinite Article）：a/an，表示泛指。

定冠词（Definite Article）：the，表示特指。

形容词：形容词用于修饰名词，表示事物的性质、特征或状态。

比较级与最高级：形容词有比较级和最高级形式，用于比较两个或多个事物的程度。

比较级（Comparative）：表示两者之间的比较。

最高级（Superlative）：表示三者或以上之间的比较。

1 . (see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at (感官)+（sb.）+do sth.eg:I like watching monkeys jump.2 . （比and比）表示越来越怎么eg:the more the more越来越多3. a piece of cake =easy小菜一碟（容易）4. agree with sb成某人5. all kinds of各种各 a kind of一6. all over the world = the whole world整个世界7.along with 同⋯⋯一道，伴随⋯⋯eg : I will go along with you.我将和你一起去The students planted trees along with theirteachers.学生同老一起种8.as soon as 一怎么就怎么9 . as you can see你是知道的(正如你所)10 . ask for⋯⋯求助向⋯要⋯（直接接想要的西）12. ask sb to do sth某人某事ask sb not to do叫某人不要做某事13 . at the age of在⋯⋯eg ： I am sixteen. = I am at the age of sixteen.14. at the beginning of⋯⋯⋯⋯的起初；⋯⋯的开始15.at the end of +地点/+最后；尽；末尾eg : At the end of the day16. at this time of year在每年的个候17.be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感/什么有信心，自信I feel that I can pass the test .18.be + doing 表： 1 在行 2 将来19 . be able to (+ v原) = can (+ v原）能⋯⋯eg : She is able to sing .= She can sing.20. be able to do sth.能干什么eg :she is able to sing .21. be afraid to do (of sth恐惧，害怕⋯⋯eg : I'm afraed to go out at night .I'm afraid of dog.22. be allowed to do被允做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV.我被允看I should be allowed to watch TV.我被允看23. be angry with sb生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me.24.be angry with(at) sb for doing sth什么而生某人的气25.be as ⋯原⋯ as 和什么一eg : She is as tall as me.她和我一高26.be ashamed to27.be away from离28.be away from从⋯⋯离开29.be bad for什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes.在太阳下看你的眼睛不好30.be born出生于31. be busy doing sth忙于做什么事be busy with sth忙于⋯⋯32.be careful当心；小心33.be different from⋯⋯和什么不一34.be famous for以⋯⋯著名35.be friendly to sb某人友好eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English.36. be from = come from来自eg ： He is from Bejing.He comes from Bejing.Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing?37.be full of装⋯⋯的be filled with充eg: The glass is full of water.The glass is filled with water.38. be glad+to+do/从句39. be going to + v(原）将来40.be good at(+doing) = do well in在某方面善 ,善于⋯⋯41. be good for什么有好eg : Reading aloud is good for your English.42.be happy to do很高做某事43.be helpful to sb某人有好eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you.大声朗你有好Exercising is helpful to your body.你的身体有好44.be in good health身体健康45.be in trouble于困中eg : She is in trouble. They are in tronble.46.be interested in某方面感趣47.be late for = come late to到eg: Be late for class上到48.be like像⋯⋯ eg : I'm like my mother.49.be mad at生某人的气50.be made from 由⋯⋯制成 ( 制成以后看不原材料 )51.be made of 由⋯⋯制成 ( 制成以后看得原材料 ) 52.be not sure表不确定53.be on a visit to参54.be popular with sb受某人迎55.be quiet安静56.be short for···的写eg:陶 is short for陶俊杰57.be sick in bed生病在床58.be sorry to do sth be sorry for sbeg : I am sorry for you.59.be sorry to hear that60.be sorry to trouble sbeg : I am sorry to trouble you .61. be strict in doing sth于做某事eg : He's strict in obeying rules .62. be strict with sb某人要求格eg: Some students are not strict withthemselves.些学生自己不格63.be strict with sb in sth某方面某人格64.be supposed to do被要求干什么65.be sure 表确定66. be sure of doing sth做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning.I am sure of learning English well.67.be sure of sth做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head. (my teacher我相信我的大（老）68.be sure that sth做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test.我相信他能通考69.be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test.我一定会The problem has been bothering me for weeks.通次考 We are sure to learn English well.个困了我几个周了我一定能学好英He's bothering me to lend him money .70.be terrified of +名 / doing 害怕⋯⋯82.by the end of到⋯⋯止71. be terrified to do sth害怕做某事83. call sb sth eg : We call him old wang.72.be the same as⋯和什么一84.care关心73.be used to doing sth做某事eg : Don't you care about this country's future? eg: My father is used to getting up early.我你什么不关心国家的未来爸爸早 He is used to sleeping in class.他85.catch up with sb赶上某人上睡86.chat with sb和某人74.be worth doing- 得做什么e in75.be(feel) afraid to do sth害怕做某事. come over to来88be afraid of sth害怕某物e up with提出be afraid that句eg: Can you come up with a good idea?你能想76.because+ 句子 because of + 短出一个好法？eg : He was late because he had a municate with sb和某人交流He was late because of his headache .91.consider + doing考做什么77.begin to do = start to do开始做某事eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou.什start ⋯with ⋯=begin ⋯with ⋯以什么开始什么么不考去州？eg : Let's begin the game with the song.92.dance to随着⋯⋯跳舞I begin to go home eg : She likes dancing to the music .她喜随78.between⋯and⋯两者之着音跳舞79.borrow sth from sb向⋯⋯借⋯⋯93.decide to do sth决定做某事lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth借⋯⋯什么西94. do a survey of做某方面的eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to95.do better in在⋯⋯方面做得更好me. ( He lent me a pen. )96.do wrong做80.both = the same(as) = not different(from)97.Don't forget to do sth不要忘了做某事表相同98.Don't mind +doing / 从句 /名不要介意⋯⋯81.bother打 bother sb to do sth99.each + 名（）每一个⋯eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell eg : Each student has many books.me to way to the station .每一个学生都有一些我十分道歉打你，但是你能告我怎么去站100. end up +doing101.enjoy +doing喜102.escape from从⋯⋯逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison.犯人从里逃跑出来103.expect to do sth期待做某事104.fall down摔下来 fall off从哪摔下来105.fall in love with sb /sth上什么106.far from离某地eg : The school is far from my home.107.find +it +adj. +to do做某事怎么108.find sb/sth +adj.什么怎么eg : I find the book interesting.109.finish 完成 +doing （名）110.fit to sb = be fit for sb适合某人111.forget to do 没有做而忘了forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go home, I forgetclosing door .112.from ⋯to ⋯从某某到某某eg: From me to her113.get /have sth down做完，被（人）做⋯eg: I have my hair cut.我理了(被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pulled out.母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114. get a part-time job= find a part-time job115.get along well with sb = get on wellwith sb 与某人相得好116. get along with sb = get on with sb与某人相117. get ready for = be ready for什么而准eg : I get ready for math exam.I am ready for math exam.118.get sb in to trouble某人制造麻，使某人陷入麻119.get sb to do sth120.get ⋯from ⋯从某得到某物121. give a talk做告eg:He is give a talk. 122.give sth. to sb.= give sb. sth.某人某物123.go fishgo swimming游泳124.go on to do去做下一件事go on doing做件事125.go out away from =go out of126. go to school上学（用于的）go to the school去学校（不一定是上学）127. good way to好方法128.hate to do没做的事hate doing做的事129. have a party for sb的晚会130.have a talk听告一131. have been doing在完成行eg :You have been talking You have beensleeping since.132.have been to ⋯( 地方）⋯⋯去某地方have gone to⋯（地方）去了某地没回来133.have fun +doing玩得高134. have sth to do有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do.我有很多家庭作要做I have nothing to do.我没什么事情做135.have to do sth必做某事136.have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth做什么事情有麻137.have⋯time +doing138.have⋯() ⋯off放⋯⋯假eg : They've increased the piece of petrol byeg: I have month off我一个月得假3% . 他把石油价增加了3%139.hear sb +do/doing听某人做某事 / 正在做The population has increased from12 million某事ten years agoto18 million now .140.help a lot很大用153.instead of +（名）代替141.help sb with sth \one's sth帮助某人某事eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear.我想（某方面） help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事要苹果，而不要梨子142.hope to do sth希望做某事I like English instead of math.我喜英而143.How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)不喜数学144.how do you like = what do you think of你154.introduce sb to sb介某人某人什么的看法introduce oneself自我介145.if :是否＝ wether155.invite sb to do sth邀某人做某事eg:I don't know if(wether) I should go to the156.It takes sb sometime to do sth做某人花party .我不知道我是否去参加晚会掉某人多少He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on time eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework . tomorrow morning .他不知道我明天早上是否能It takes me half an hour to cook.准到达157.It's +adj +for sb to do sth某人来做146.if: 如果，假如（全部接一般）＋条件某事怎么从句158.It's +adj +to do做某事怎么eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain.假如159.It's +adj for sb于某人来怎么明天不下雨，我就去州It's +adj of sb某人来太怎么If they change the plan they will let me know.160.It's +adj(for sb) to do（某人来）做假如他要改划，他会我知道的某事怎么I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next It's +adj of sb to do sth某人来做某事太year .如果我明年由足的，我就要去英国怎么147.in one's opinion = sb think某人eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English. 148.in some ways在某些方面161.It's a good idea for sb to do sth⋯⋯149.in the end = finally(adv)最后来是个好主意150.in the north of⋯什么在什么的北方162.It's important to sb某人来很重要( north 北 sowth南 west 西 east）eg: It's important to me.151.in the sun在太阳下163.It's time to do sth = It's time for sth152.increase 增加到了去做某事的eg : It's time to have class It's time for class.去上了164.join = take part in参加165.just now 才166.keep +sb /sth +adj /介短什么保持什么？167.keep out 不⋯⋯入168.keep sb adj⋯⋯保持⋯⋯eg: I want to keep my mother happy/ keep healthy.保持高 / 健康169.key to + 名表示：某物的匙或某的答案170.key to ⋯ key 可以是答或匙anser to⋯ugh at ⋯取笑⋯⋯eg : Don't langh at others.We langhed at the joke.172.learn by oneslfe自学173.learn from sb向某人学eg: We should learn from Lei Feng.174.learn to do sth学做某事175.let sb do sth某人做某事176.Let sb down某人失望eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down.我不我的父母失望177.live from :离某地178.live in + 大地方 /at + 小地方居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou.She lives at XuanTan .179.look after = take care of照照看180.lose one's way迷路eg : Lose your way.你迷路了181.make a decision to do sth决定做某事182. make friends with sb和成朋友eg : I want to make friends with you.183.make it early把定的早一点184.make on exhibition of oneself某人出洋相185.make sb /n +n使什么成什么eg : I made you my wife.186.make sb /sth +adj使某人（某物）怎么eg : You must made your bed clean.187.make sb /sth adj使某人 / 某物怎么188.make sb do sth某人做某事eg : I made him write.我以前他写189.make up be made up of (被）由⋯⋯成190.make⋯difference to ⋯191.mind sb to do mind one's doing介意⋯⋯做什么192. most +名most of +代193.much too + 形容194.must be 一定195.need + 名196.need sb do sth需要某人做某事197.need to do ( ） need do ( 情）198. no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199.no + 名200. not anymore = no more再也不⋯⋯eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more.他再也不哭201. not⋯(形、副）at alleg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp farat all .202.not ⋯at all一点都不203.not ⋯either表否定，也不eg : I don't have sister, either.我也没有姐姐204.not ⋯until 直到⋯⋯才⋯⋯eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back.The child didn't stop crying until I give hersugar.205.offer / provide sb with sth某人提供206.offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb提供什么西某人eg : I offer you water .(I offer water to you . ）我你提供水207.on one's way to ⋯在去那的路上208.on the one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面209.on the phone = over the phone用交210.on time 准 in time及211.one day ＝ some day ＝ someday 一天，有一天212.one of + 可数名的复数形式213.one to another一个到另一个214.over and over agin一遍又一遍的eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin .221.practice +doing做某事222.prefer sth to sth相⋯⋯更喜⋯⋯eg : I prefer physics to chemisty.在物理和化学中，我更喜物理prefer doing to sth更喜去做⋯不愿意去做⋯eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving.他更喜自行，不开小prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁愿做⋯也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one.我叔叔更喜新的，也不去修旧prefer sb not to do sth更愿意⋯eg: I prefer her not to come我不喜她不来223. pretend to do sth装着去做什么pretend that从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard .两个子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer .他装着不知道答案224 . rather⋯than宁可⋯⋯也不⋯⋯eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher.我愿肯当医生，也不当老He likes dogs rather than cats.他喜狗，不215.part-time job兼工作fall-time job全喜猫工作225. regard⋯as把⋯⋯当作⋯⋯216.pay for ⋯付⋯⋯ pay the bill开，eg: Please give my best regards to your family.付我向你的家人我最好的候217.please +do I regard you as my friend.我把你当作我的朋友218.please help yourself He shows little regard for others.219.pleased with sb他不关心人220.pool into = pore into226. remid sb about sth提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (He remids meto cook.他提醒我做227. remid sb of sth使某人想起什么eg : The pictures remind me of my school days.照片使我想起了我的学校T he wor ds that (which) the teacher talke toremind me of my mother.228.return sth to sb什么西某人229.say to oneself自己230.say to sb某人231.sb spend somemoney on sth花了多少在某事上232.sb spend sometime with sb花了多少陪233.sb spend sometime(in) doing sth花了多少做某事234.sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235.see sb do 看某人做某事see sb doing看某人正在做某事236.seem to do/be +adj得怎么eg :You seem to be tired.You seem to be happy. 237.send +sb sth送某人某物238.send⋯to ⋯把什么寄到哪里去？239.shock 使⋯⋯震惊eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock .啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240.show sb sth 向某人展示某物eg : I show her the book.241. show sb sth = show sth to sb拿什么西某人看242.show sth to sb向某人展示某物eg : I show the book to her.243.some⋯others ⋯一些⋯⋯另一些⋯⋯244.start ⋯with ⋯从⋯⋯开始begin ⋯with ⋯从⋯⋯开始245. stay away from离⋯⋯eg : We're told to stay away from the animalswhe visiting the zoo.当我参zoo ，我要离物If you want to lose weight you'd betterstay auay from the sweet food.如果你想减肥，你最好离甜食246.stop doing停下正在做的事247.stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事248.stop sb(from) doing阻止某人做某事249.stop to do停下正在做的事去做下一件事250.such + 名，种251.suit sb 适合某人252.surprise sb使某人惊奇to one's surprise令某人惊奇253.take classes上254.take sb to把某人去eg : I take you to the hospital.255. take walks = take a walk＝go for a walk 散步256.① talk to eg : I talk to you .② talk with和eg : I talk with him .③talk of到eg : we talked of you.④ talk about关于⋯⋯257.talk with sb和某人258.teach sb sth教某人做某事eg: Show me your pen.= Show your pen to me.259. tell sb do sth告某人做某事He tried climbing.他想爬上去(已做了）260.tell sb sth tell sb that句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story261.tell sb sth告某人某事262.tell sb to do sth告某人做什么tell sb not to do sth告某人不要做什么263.tell ⋯from ⋯264.thank you for +doing265.the same + 名 (doing)+as ⋯⋯266.the same ⋯( 名) ⋯asas⋯(adj adv)⋯as相同267.the way to do sth＝the way of doing sth做某方面的方法 the way to + 地方去哪的路 eg :Do you know the way to learn English. Do youknow the way of learning English.268.the way to⋯（地点）到哪的269.too ⋯to ⋯太怎而不能⋯⋯ adj +enough to足⋯能⋯so⋯that+丛句eg: He is too young to go to school.=He is so young that he can't go to schoolHe is old enough to go to school .＝He is so old that he can go to school .270.transalte ⋯⋯ into ⋯⋯把什么翻成什么eg : Trasalte English into chinese .271.travel with sb和某人去旅游272.try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well.273.try to do sth想干什么，但没成功try doing sth想干什么，已做了eg ： He tried to climb.他想爬上去(但没成功)274.try ⋯衣服 have a try一下275.turn down开小←→ turn up开大276.turn off关上←→ turn o n 打开 open拆开277.upside down 倒着278.visit to ⋯参某个地方279. wait for sb等某人。

七年级英语语法知识点汇总一．字母和音标1.26个英文字母：5个元音字母a, e, i, o, u （联系汉语拼音中的韵母排列顺序快速记忆）2.48个国际音标：20个元音组合，28个辅音组合。

重点辨别相似发音的元音组合。

如：[ə] a China breakfast [e] ea head bread [ei] a name cake 二．十大词类名词a. 专有名词和普通名词。

专有名词指个别的人，事物，地点等专有的名称，如China, Gina. 普通名词如table, chair.b. 可数名词和不可数名词：可数名词有复数形式，如an apple，two apples. 不可数名词一般没有复数形式，如milk, bread, rice.[重点]可数名词的复数变形：有规则变化和不规则变化两种规则变化：○1一般情况直接在词尾加“-s”, 如: bag-bags, day-days, boy-boys, key-keys等。

○2以s, x, sh, ch结尾的单词，要在词尾加“-es”, 如: bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等。

○3以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，要变y为i再加“-es”, 如：baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等。

○4部分以f (e)结尾的单词，要变f (e)为“ves”, 如：knife-knives, half-halves等。

顺口溜：小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)，为了自己(self)保命(life)，站到架子上(shelf)，用树叶(leaf)做的小刀(knife)，将狼(wolf)劈成了两半(half)○5以字母“o”结尾的单词，没有生命的加“-s”,有生命的加“-es”,如：zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes.口诀：黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)爱在火山(volcano)吃土豆(potato)西红柿(tomato)不规则变化：○1改变单数名词中的元音字母：man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等。

人教版七年级英语知识点归纳总结一、七年级英语（人教版）语法知识点。

1. 一般现在时。

- 概念：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。

- 结构。

- 肯定句：主语+动词原形（第三人称单数主语+动词第三人称单数形式）。

例如：I like apples. He likes apples.- 否定句：主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形。

例如：I don't like bananas. He doesn't like bananas.- 一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词原形？例如：Do you like apples? Does he like apples?- 动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则。

- 一般在词尾加 -s，如like - likes。

- 以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词加 -es，如go - goes, watch - watches。

- 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加 -es，如study - studies。

2. 名词的复数形式。

- 规则变化。

- 一般在名词后加 -s，如book - books。

- 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加 -es，如box - boxes。

- 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为i，再加 -es，如city - cities。

- 以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v，再加 -es，如knife - knives。

- 以o结尾的名词，有生命的加 -es（如tomato - tomatoes），无生命的加 -s （如photo - photos）。

- 不规则变化。

- man - men, woman - women, child - children, foot - feet, tooth - teeth等。

3. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。

- 形容词性物主代词：my（我的）, your（你的/你们的）, his（他的）, her （她的）, its（它的）, our（我们的）, their（他们的）。

1 .(see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+（sb.）+do sth.eg:I like watching monkeys jump.2 .（比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样eg:the more the more 越来越多3. a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 .agree with sb 赞成某人5 .all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样6 .all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7. along with同……一道，伴随……eg : I will go along with you.我将和你一起去The students planted trees along with their teachers. 学生同老师们一起种树8. as soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 .as you can see 你是知道的(正如你所见)10 .ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）12. ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 .at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen. = I am at the age of sixteen .14.at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始15. at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day16.at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17. be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English.I feel that I can pass the test .18. be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时19 .be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… eg : She is able to sing .= She can sing. 20. be able to do sth. 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing .21. be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night .I'm afraid of dog.22. be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允许看电视23. be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me.24. be angry with(at) sb for doing sth为什么而生某人的气25.be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me. 她和我一样高26.be ashamed to27.be away from 远离28. be away from 从……离开29. be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30. be born 出生于31.be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于……32. be careful 当心；小心33.be different from…… 和什么不一样34. be famous for 以……著名35. be friendly to sb 对某人友好36. be from = come from 来自eg ：He is from Bejing.He comes from Bejing.Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?37. be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: The glass is full of water.The glass is filled with water.38. be glad+to+do/从句39. be going to + v(原）将来时40. be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……41. be good for 对什么有好处eg : Reading aloud is good for your English.42. be happy to do 很高兴做某事43. be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you. 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your body. 锻炼对你的身体有好处44. be in good health 身体健康45. be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble. They are in tronble.46. be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47. be late for = come late to 迟到eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48. be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother.49. be mad at 生某人的气50. be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51. be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52.be not sure 表不确定53. be on a visit to 参观54. be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55. be quiet 安静56. be short for ···的缩写eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰57. be sick in bed 生病在床58.be sorry to do sth be sorry for sbeg : I am sorry for you.59. be sorry to hear that60.be sorry to trouble sbeg : I am sorry to trouble you .61. be strict in doing sth 严于做某事eg : He's strict in obeying rules .62. be strict with sb 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with themselves. 这些学生对自己不严格63. be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格64. be supposed to do 被要求干什么65. be sure 表确定66.be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning. I am sure of learning English well.67. be sure of sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head. (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）68. be sure that sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test. 我相信他能通过考试69. be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test. 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well. 我们一定能学好英语70. be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……71.be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72.be the same as … 和什么一样73. be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early. 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class. 他习惯上课睡觉74. be worth doing 值-得做什么75. be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物be afraid that 丛句76. because+句子 because of +短语eg : He was late because he had a headache. He was late because of his headache .77. begin to do = start to do 开始做某事s tart…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game with the song. I begin to go home78.between…and… 两者之间79. borrow sth from sb 向……借……lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me. ( He lent me a pen. )80. both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同81. bother 打扰 bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station .我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站The problem has been bothering me for weeks. 这个问题困扰了我几个周了He's bothering me to lend him money .82. by the end of 到……为止83.call sb sth eg : We call him old wang.84. care 关心eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来85. catch up with sb 赶上某人86.chat with sb 和某人闲谈87. come in 进88. come over to 过来89. come up with 提出eg: Can you come up with a good idea? 你能想出一个好办法吗？90. communicate with sb 和某人交流91. consider + doing 考虑做什么eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou. 为什么不考虑去泸州？92. dance to 随着……跳舞eg : She likes dancing to the music .她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93. decide to do sth 决定做某事94.do a survey of 做某方面的调查95. do better in 在……方面做得更好96. do wrong 做错97.Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事98.Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词不要介意……99. each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books.每一个学生都有一些书100.end up +doing101. enjoy +doing喜欢102. escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison.犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103.expect to do sth 期待做某事104. fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来105. fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106. far from 离某地远eg : The school is far from my home.107.find +it +adj. +to do 发现做某事怎么样108. find sb/sth +adj. 发现什么怎么样eg : I find the book interesting.109.finish 完成+doing（名词）110. fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人111.forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go home, I forget closing door .112.from…to… 从某某到某某eg: From me to her113. get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut. 我理了发(头发被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pulled out. 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114. get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115. get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好116. get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117.get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math exam.I am ready for math exam.118.get sb in to trouble给某人制造麻烦，使某人陷入麻烦119.get sb to do sth120.get…from… 从某处得到某物121. give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a talk. 122. give sth. to sb.= give sb. sth.给某人某物123. go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳124. go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事125. go out away from =go out of126. go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）127. good way to 好方法128. hate to do 讨厌没做过的事hate doing 讨厌做过的事129. have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130.have a talk 听报告谈一谈131. have been doing 现在完成进行时eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since.132.have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方have gone to …（地方）去了某地还没回来133. have fun +doing 玩得高兴134.have sth to do 有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do. 我没什么事情做135. have to do sth 必须做某事136. have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137.have…time +doing138.have…(时间)…off 放……假eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假139. hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事140. help a lot 很大用处141. help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事142. hope to do sth 希望做某事143. How about(+doing) = What about(+doing) 144. how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145. if : 是否＝wethereg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party .我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning .他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146.if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain. 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know. 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year .如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147. in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148. in some ways 在某些方面149.in the end = finally(adv) 最后150.in the north of… 什么在什么的北方( north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东）151. in the sun 在太阳下152. increase 增加eg : They've increased the piece of petrol by 3% .他们把石油价增加了3%The population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now .153. instead of +（名）代替eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear. 我想要苹果，而不要梨子I like English instead of math. 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154. introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人introduce oneself 自我介绍155. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156. It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework . It takes me half an hour to cook.157. It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158. It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159. It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160. It's +adj(for sb) to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English. 161. It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意162. It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要eg: It's important to me.163. It's time to do sth = It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class. 该去上课了164. join = take part in 参加165. just now 刚才166. keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样？167. keep out 不让…… 进入168. keep sb adj 让……保持……eg: I want to keep my mother happy/ keep healthy.保持高兴/健康169. key to +名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170.key to… key 可以是答题或钥匙anser to …ugh at… 取笑……eg : Don't langh at others.We langhed at the joke.172. learn by oneslfe 自学173. learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from Lei Feng.174. learn to do sth 学做某事175. let sb do sth 让某人做某事176. Let sb down 让某人失望eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down. 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177. live from :离某地远178. live in +大地方 /at +小地方居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou.She lives at XuanTan . 179. look after = take care of 照顾照看180.lose one's way 谁迷路eg : Lose your way. 你迷路了181. make a decision to do sth 决定做某事182. make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友eg : I want to make friends with you.183. make it early 把时间定的早一点184. make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185. make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么eg : I made you my wife.186. make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样eg : You must made your bed clean.187. make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样188. make sb do sth 让某人做某事eg : I made him write. 我以前让他写189. make up be made up of (被动语态）由……组成190.make…difference to…191. mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么192. most +名 most of +代193. much too +形容词194.must be 一定195. need +名词196. need sb do sth 需要某人做某事197.need to do (实义动词） need do (情态动词）198. no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199. no +名词200. not anymore = no more 再也不……eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more. 他再也不哭201.not… (形、副）at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all .202.not…at all 一点都不203.not…either 表否定，也不eg : I don't have sister, either. 我也没有姐姐204.not…until 直到……才……eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back. The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar.205. offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供206. offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人eg : I offer you water .(I offer water to you .）我给你提供水207.on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上208. on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面209. on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210. on time 准时 in time 及时211. one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天212. one of +可数名词的复数形式213. one to another 一个到另一个214. over and over agin 一遍又一遍的eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin . 215. part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作216.pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱，付钱217. please +do218. please help yourself219. pleased with sb220. pool into = pore into221. practice +doing 练习做某事222. prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢……eg : I prefer physics to chemisty.在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving.他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one. 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意…eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来223. pretend to do sth 装着去做什么pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard .这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer .他装着不知道答案224 .rather…than 宁可……也不……eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher. 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats. 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫225.regard…as 把……当作…… eg: Please give my best regards to your family. 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend. 我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others.他不爱关心别人226. remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (He remids me to cook. 他提醒我做饭227. remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么eg : The pictures remind me of my school days. 这照片使我想起了我的学校T he wor ds that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother.228. return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229. say to oneself 对自己说230. say to sb 对某人说231. sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232. sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233. sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234. sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235. see sb do 看见某人做过某事see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事236. seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样eg : You seem to be tired .You seem to be happy. 237. send +sb sth 送给某人某物238.send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？239. shock 使……震惊eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock .啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240. show sb sth 向某人展示某物eg : I show her the book.241. show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看eg: Show me your pen.= Show your pen to me. 242. show sth to sb 向某人展示某物eg : I show the book to her.243. some…others… 一些……另一些…… 244.start…with… 从……开始begin…with… 从……开始245. stay away from 远离……eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo.当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food.如果你想减肥，你最好远离甜食246. stop doing 停下正在做的事247. stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248. stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事249. stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250. such +名这样，这种251. suit sb 适合某人252. surprise sb 使某人惊奇to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253. take classes 上课254. take sb to 把某人带去eg : I take you to the hospital.255. take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk 散步256.①talk to 对谁说eg : I talk to you .② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him .③ talk of 谈到 eg : we talked of you.④ talk about 谈论关于……257. talk with sb 和某人说话258. teach sb sth 教某人做某事259. tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事260. tell sb sth tell sb that丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story 261. tell sb sth 告诉某人某事262. tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么263.tell…from…264. thank you for +doing265. the same +名词(doing)+as……266.the same…(名)…asas…(adj adv)…as 相同267. the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing sth 做某方面的方法the way to +地方去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English.Do you know the way of learning English. 268. the way to…（地点）到哪的269.too…to… 太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能…so…that +丛句eg: He is too young to go to school.= He is so young that he can't go to school He is old enough to go to school .＝ He is so old that he can go to school . 270.transalte ……into…… 把什么翻译成什么eg : Trasalte English into chinese .271. travel with sb和某人去旅游272.try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well. 273. try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了eg ：He tried to climb. 他想爬上去(但没成功) He tried climbing.他想爬上去(已经做过了）274.try…试衣服 have a try 试一下275. turn down 开小←→ turn up 开大276. turn off 关上←→ turn o n 打开 open 拆开277.upside down 倒着278.visit to… 参观某个地方279.wait for sb 等某人。

英语语法大全初中英语语法学习提纲一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。

1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。

如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。

如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。

如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。

如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。

如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。

如：now, very,here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。

如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。

如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。

如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。

如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。

通常用名词或代词担任。

如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。

主要由动词担任。

如：Jack cleansthe room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。

初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习初一年级（上）【知识梳理】I. 重点短语1. Sit down2. on duty3. in English4. have a seat5. at home6. look like7. look at8. have a look9. come on10. at work11. at school12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shopping II. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about…?3. Let's do sth.4. It's time to do sth.5. It's time for …6. What's…? It is…/ It's…7. Where is…? It's….8. How old are you? I'm….9. What class are you in?I'm in….10. Welcome to….11. What's …plus…? It's….12. I think…13. Who's this? This is….14. What can you see？ I can see….15. There is (are) ….16. What color is it (are they)? It's (They're)…17. Whose …is this? It's….18. What time is it? It's…. III. 交际用语1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? I'm fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! You're welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye! 8. What's your name? My name is ….9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Who's on duty today?11. Let's do.12. Let me see.IV. 重要语法1. 动词be的用法；2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4. 冠词的基本用法；5. There be句型的用法。

（完整版）人教版初中英语各单元语法知识点汇总表,推荐文档初中语法知识点Unit 1 My name’s Gina●一般现在时to be●what question 特殊疑问句●yes/no 一般疑问句与回答●物主形容词possessive adj. my, your, his, herUnit 2 This is my sister ●指示代词 demonstrative pronouns –this, these, that, those ●who question●人称代词 subject pronouns –I, he, she, they ●名词复数 plural nounsUnit 3 Is this your pencil?●Possessive pronouns 物主代词mine, yours, his, hers ●yes/no 一般疑问句与回答Unit 4 Where’s my schoolbag?●Where q uestion●Prepositions 介词on, in, under ●Conjunction 连词 andUnit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?●Present tense 一般现在时to have ●Adj. of quality 质量的形容词●Conj. 连词but●Affirmative & negative statements 肯定&否定句Unit 6 Do you like bananas?●Present tense 一般现在时 to have●Countable/uncountable nouns 可数&不可数名词●Affirmative & negative statements 肯定&否定句Unit 7 How much are these socks?●How much 疑问句Unit 8 When is your birthday?●When 疑问句●Possessive 所有格‘sGrade 7上Unit 9 My favorite subject is science ●What, why, when, who 疑问句Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?●Modal verb 情态动词can ●what 疑问句Unit 2 What time do you go to school?●What time 疑问句●When 疑问句●Adverbs of frequency 频率副词 always, often, usually,never 等Grade 7下Unit 3 How do you get to school?●How, how long, how far 疑问句建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天Unit 4 Don’t eat in class ●Imperatives 祈使句Don’t●Can for permission 允许●modal verb 情态动词have to, mustUnit 5 Why do you like pandas?●Why, what, where疑问句where are koalas from?●Because…●Adj. of quality 质量的形容词Unit 6 I’m watching TV ●Present progressive tense 现在进行时●What 疑问句what are you doing?Unit 7 It’s raining!●Present progressive tense 现在进行时●How提问how is it going? How is the weather?●What 提问what are they doing?Unit 8 is there a post office over here?●There be结构●Where疑问句●方位介词prepositions of place：in front of, on your left…Unit 9 What does he look like?●What疑问句what does he look like?●Adjectives of description 描述外表形容词straight, tall,thin, heavy, round, handsome等●Alternative questions 选择疑问句is he tall or short?Unit 10 I’d like some noodles ●Would like●What 疑问句what size would you like?●Some/anyUnit 11 How was your school trip?●Simple past tense 一般过去时●How疑问句How was your school trip?●Adj. of description 描述性形容词excellent, interesting,terrible等Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?●Simple past tense 一般过去时●What疑问句What did you play with?●How疑问句how was your weekend?Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?●Indefinite pronouns 不定代词●Simple past tense of regular & irregular verbs 及物&不及物动词一般过去时Grade 8上Unit 2 How often do you exercise?●How often…?疑问句●Adv. of frequency 频率副词sometimes, usually, often,建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天never, once a monthUnit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.●比较级Comparatives with –(i)er & more ●both & as…as…Unit 4 What’s the best movie theater?●最高级Superlatives with – (i)est & the most●不规则变化：good-better-best; bad-worse-worstUnit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?●Infinitives usedas objects 不定式to doUnit 6 I’m going to study computer science ●一般将来时Future with be going to ●want to beUnit 7 Will people have robots?●一般将来时Future with will ●want to beUnit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?●Imperatives 祈使句●How much/how many疑问句●Countable/uncountable nouns●Adverbs of sequence: first, nest, then, finallyUnit 9 Can you come to my party?●Can for invitations●情态动词Modal verb mightUnit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!●First conditional 第一／真实条件句if + will ●情态动词Modal verb shouldUnit 1 What’s the matter?●Modal verbs should/shouldn’t for suggestions●Reflexive pronouns 反身代词myself, yourself,themselves, yourselvesUnit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks ●Infinitives as object, adverbial and object complement 不定式宾语，状语和宾语不足语●Modal verb could for suggestions●Phrasal verbs 动词短语Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?●Could for polite requests ●Could for permissionUnit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?●Why don’t you…?●Conjunctions until, so that and althoughGrade 8下Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?●Conj unctions when and while●Questions and statements with the past progressive tense过去进行时建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains●Conjunctions unless, as soon as and so…that Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?●Large numbers●Comparatives and superlatives with adj. & adv. 比较急，最高级Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?●Present perfect tense with already & yetUnit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?●Present perfect tense with been, ever & neverUnit 10 I’ve had this bike for 3 years●Present perfect tense with since & forUnit 1 How can we become good learners?●Verb + by with gerund 动词+by doing sth. 动名词，通过…Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!●Objective clause with that, if and whether宾语从句●Exclamatory statement 感叹句how & whatUnit 3 Could you please tell me where the restroomsare?●Objective clauses with wh- questions wh-引导宾语从句Unit4 I used to be afraid of the dark●Used to 过去常常Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?●Passive voice (presenttense) 被动语态一般现在时Unit 6 When was it invented?●Passive voice (past tense) 被动语态一般过去时Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose theirown clothes●Should + be allowed to do sth.Unit 8 It must belong to Carla●Must, might, could & can’t making inferences做推断Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to●Relative clauses with that, who and which关系从句Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands ●Supposed to + infinitive 不定式●Expected to + infinitive 不定式●It is + adj. + infinitiveUnit 11 Sad movies make me cry ●Make + sb. + infinitive without to ●Make + sb. + adj.Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected●Past perfect tense 过去完成式Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!●ReviewGrade 9Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7●Review建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！。

初中英语语法知识清单一．名词I. 名词的种类：II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。

现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：III. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。

所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s 构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。

前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。

1. ’s所有格的构成：2. ’s所有格的用法：3. of所有格的用法：用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed二．冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。

I. 不定冠词的用法：II. 定冠词的用法：III. 零冠词的用法：三．代词：I. 代词可以分为以下七大类：II. 不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some与any:1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。

some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。

One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。

Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money?3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。

1 . （see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at （感官动词）+ （sb. ）+do sth. eg:I like watching monkeys jump.2 . （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样eg:the more the more 越来越多3. a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 . agree with sb 赞成某人5 . all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样6 . all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7. along with 同⋯⋯一道，伴随⋯⋯eg : I will go along with you. 我将和你一起去The students planted trees along with their teachers. 学生同老师们一起种树8. as soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 . as you can see 你是知道的（正如你所见）10 . ask for ⋯⋯求助向⋯要⋯（直接接想要的东西）12. ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do叫某人不要做某事13. at the age of 在⋯⋯岁时eg ：I am sixteen. = I am at the age of sixteen 14. at the beginning of ⋯⋯⋯⋯的起初；⋯⋯的开始15. at the end of + 地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day16. at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17. be /feel confident of sth /that clause + 从句感觉/ 对什么有信心，自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English.I feel that I can pass the test .18. be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时19 . be able to （+ v 原） = can （+ v 原）能够⋯⋯eg : She is able to sing .= She can sing.20. be able to do sth. 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing .21. be afraid to do （of sth 恐惧，害怕⋯⋯eg : I'm afraed to go out at night .I'm afraid of dog.22. be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允许看电视23. be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me.24. be angry with（at） sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25. be as ⋯原级⋯as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me. 她和我一样高26. be ashamed to27. be away from 远离28. be away from 从⋯⋯离开29. be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for youreyes. 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30. be born 出生于31. be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于⋯⋯32. be careful 当心；小心33. be different from ⋯⋯和什么不一样34. be famous for 以⋯⋯著名35. be friendly to sb对某人友好36. be from = come from来自eg ：He is from Bejing.He comes from Bejing.Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing37. be full of 装满⋯⋯的be filled with 充满eg: The glass is full of water.The glass is filled with water.38. be glad+to+do/ 从句39. be going to + v（原）将来时40. be good at（+doing） = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于⋯⋯41. be good for 对什么有好处eg : Reading aloud is good for your English.42. be happy to do 很高兴做某事43. be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you. 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your body. 锻炼对你的身体有好处44. be in good health 身体健康45. be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble. They are in tronble.46. be interested in 对某方面感兴趣eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48. be like 像⋯⋯eg : I'm like my mother .49. be mad at 生某人的气50. be made from 由⋯⋯制成（制成以后看不见原材料）51. be made of 由⋯⋯制成（制成以后还看得见原材料）52. be not sure 表不确定53. be on a visit to 参观54. be popular with sb受某人欢迎55. be quiet 安静56. be short for ···的缩写eg: 陶is short for陶俊杰57. be sick in bed 生病在床58. be sorry to do sth be sorry for sbeg : I am sorry for you.59. be sorry to hear that60. be sorry to trouble sbeg : I am sorry to trouble you .61. be strict in doing sth 严于做某事eg : He's strict in obeying rules .62. be strict with sb 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with themselves. 这些学生对自己不严格63. be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格47. be late for = come late to 迟到64. be supposed to do 被要求干什么65. be sure 表确定66. be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning. I am sure of learning English well.67. be sure of sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head. (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)68. be sure that sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test. 我相信他能通过考试69. be sure to do sth 一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test. 我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well. 我们一定能学好英语70. be terrified of + 名/ 动doing 害怕⋯⋯71. be terrified to do sth害怕做某事72. be the same as ⋯和什么一样73. be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early. 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class. 他习惯上课睡觉74. be worth doing 值-得做什么75. be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物be afraid that 丛句76. because+ 句子because of + 短语eg : He was late because he had a headache.He was late because of his headache .77. begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start ⋯with ⋯=begin⋯with ⋯以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game with the song.I begin to go home78. between⋯and⋯两者之间79. borrow sth from sb 向⋯⋯借⋯⋯lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给⋯⋯什么东西eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen tome. ( He lent me a pen. )80. both = the same(as) = not different(from)表相同81. bother 打扰bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tellme to way to the station . 我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站The problem has been bothering me for weeks. 这个问题困扰了我几个周了He's bothering me to lend him money .82. by the end of 到⋯⋯为止83. call sb sth eg : We call him old wang.84. care 关心eg : Don't you care about this country's future 你为什么不关心国家的未来85. catch up with sb 赶上某人86. chat with sb 和某人闲谈87. come in 进88. come over to 过来89. come up with 提出eg: Can you come up with a good idea? 你能想出一个好办法吗？90. communicate with sb 和某人交流91. consider + doing 考虑做什么47. be late for = come late to 迟到eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou.么不考虑去泸州？92. dance to 随着⋯⋯跳舞eg : She likes dancing to the music . 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93. decide to do sth 决定做某事94. do a survey of 做某方面的调查95. do better in 在⋯⋯方面做得更好96. do wrong 做错97. Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事98. Don't mind +doing / 从句/ 名词不要介意⋯⋯99. each + 名（单）每一个⋯eg : Each student has many books.每一个学生都有一些书100. end up +doing101. enjoy +doing喜欢102. escape from 从⋯⋯逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison. 犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103. expect to do sth 期待做某事104. fall down 摔下来fall off 从哪摔下来105. fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106. far from 离某地远eg : The school is far from my home.107. find +it +adj. +to do 发现做某事怎么样108. find sb/sth +adj. 发现什么怎么样eg : I find the book interesting.109. finish 完成+doing （名词）111. forget to do 没有做而忘了forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go home, I forget closingdoor .112. from ⋯to ⋯从某某到某某eg: From me to her113. get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做⋯eg: I have my hair cut. 我理了发（头发被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pulled out. 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114. get a part-time job= find a part-time job115. get along well with sb = get on well withsb 与某人相处得好116. get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117. get ready for = be ready for 为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math exam.I am ready for math exam.118. get sb in to trouble 给某人制造麻烦，使某人陷入麻烦119. get sb to do sth120. get ⋯from ⋯从某处得到某物121. give a talk 做报告eg: He is give a talk.122. give sth. to sb.= give sb. sth.为什110. fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人给某人某物123. go fish 钓鱼go swimming 游泳124. go on to do 去做下一件事go on doing 继续做这件事110. fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人125. go out away from =go out of 143. How about（+doing） = What about（+doing）126. go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）127. good way to 好方法128. hate to do 讨厌没做过的事hate doing 讨厌做过的事129. have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130. have a talk 听报告谈一谈131. have been doing 现在完成进行时eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since.132. have been to ⋯（地方）⋯⋯去过某过地方have gone to ⋯（地方）去了某地还没回来133. have fun +doing 玩得高兴134. have sth to do 有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do. 我没什么事情做135. have to do sth 必须做某事136. have trouble （problem）（in） doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137. have⋯time +doing138. have⋯（时间）⋯off 放⋯⋯假eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假139. hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/ 正在做某事140. help a lot 很大用处141. help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面）help sb （to） do sth 帮助某人做某事142. hope to do sth 希望做某事144. how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145. if : 是否＝wethereg: I don't know if （wether） I should go to the party . 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if （wether） we will arrive on time tomorrow morning . 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146. if : 如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain. 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know. 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year . 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147. in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148. in some ways 在某些方面149. in the end = finally（adv）最后150. in the north of ⋯什么在什么的北方（ north 北sowth 南west 西east 东）151. in the sun 在太阳下152. increase 增加eg : They've increased the piece of petrol by3% .他们把石油价增加了3%The population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now .153. instead of + （名）代替eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear. 我想I like English instead of math. 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154. introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人introduce oneself 自我介绍155. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156. It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework .It takes me half an hour to cook.157. It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158. It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159. It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160. It's +adj(for sb) to do (对某人来说) 做某事怎么样It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English.161. It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对⋯⋯来说是个好主意162. It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要eg: It's important to me.163. It's time to do sth = It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class. 该去上课了什么样？167. keep out 不让⋯⋯进入168. keep sb adj 让⋯⋯保持⋯⋯eg: I want to keep my mother happy/ keep healthy. 保持高兴/健康169. key to + 名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170. key to ⋯key 可以是答题或钥匙anser to ⋯171. laugh at ⋯取笑⋯⋯eg : Don't langh at others.We langhed at the joke.172. learn by oneslfe 自学173. learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from Lei Feng.174. learn to do sth 学做某事175. let sb do sth让某人做某事176. Let sb down 让某人失望eg ：We shouldn't let our farents down. 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177. live from : 离某地远178. live in + 大地方/at + 小地方居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou.She lives at XuanTan .179. look after = take care of 照顾照看180. lose one's way 谁迷路eg : Lose your way. 你迷路了181. make a decision to do sth 决定做某事参加182. make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友164. join = take part in165. just now 刚才183. make it early 把时间定的早一点184. make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185. make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么eg : I made you my wife.186. make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样eg : You must made your bed clean.187 . make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样188. make sb do sth让某人做某事eg : made him write.我以前让他写189. make up be made up of （被动语态）由⋯⋯组成190. make⋯difference to ⋯191. mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意⋯⋯做什么192. most + 名most of + 代193. much too + 形容词194. must be 一定195. need + 名词196. need sb do sth 需要某人做某事197. need to do （实义动词）need do （情态动词）198. no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing 199. no + 名词200. not anymore = no more 再也不⋯⋯eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more. 他再也不哭201. not⋯（形、副）at allat all .202. not ⋯at all 一点都不203. not ⋯either 表否定，也不eg : I don't have sister, either. 我也没有姐姐204. not ⋯until 直到⋯⋯才⋯⋯eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back.The child didn't stop crying until I give hersugar.205. offer / provide sb with sth给某人提供206. offer sb sth （ offer sth to sb提供什么东西给某人eg : offer you water .（I offer water to you . ）我给你提供水207. on one's way to ⋯在谁去那的路上208. on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面209. on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210. on time 准时in time 及时211. one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天212. one of + 可数名词的复数形式213. one to another 一个到另一个214. over and over agin 一遍又一遍的eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin .215. part-time job 兼职工作fall-time job 全职工作216. pay for ⋯付⋯⋯钱pay the bill 开钱，eg : I want to make friends with you. eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far付钱eg: Please give my best regards to your family.218. please help yourself219. pleased with sb220. pool into = pore into221. practice +doing 练习做某事222. prefer sth to sth 相对⋯⋯更喜欢⋯⋯eg : I prefer physics to chemisty.在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做⋯不愿意去做⋯eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving.他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做⋯也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one. 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意⋯eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来223. pretend to do sth 装着去做什么pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard . 这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer . 他装着不知道答案224 . rather ⋯than 宁可⋯⋯也不⋯⋯eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher. 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats. 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend. 我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others.他不爱关心别人226. remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (He remids meto cook. 他提醒我做饭227. remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么eg : The pictures remind me of my school days. 这照片使我想起了我的学校T he wor ds that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother.228. return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229. say to oneself 对自己说230. say to sb 对某人说231. sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232. sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233. sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234. sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235. see sb do 看见某人做过某事see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事217. please +do225. regard ⋯as 把⋯⋯当作236. seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样eg : You seem to be tired .You seem to be happy. 237. send +sb sth 送给某人某物238. send⋯to ⋯把什么寄到哪里去？239. shock 使⋯⋯震惊eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock . 啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240. show sb sth 向某人展示某物eg : I show her the book.241. show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看eg: Show me your pen.= Show your pen to me.242. show sth to sb 向某人展示某物eg : I show the book to her.243. some⋯others ⋯一些⋯⋯另一些⋯⋯244. start ⋯with ⋯从⋯⋯开始begin ⋯with ⋯从⋯⋯开始245. stay away from 远离⋯⋯eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo.当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food. 如果你想减肥，你最好远离甜食246. stop doing 停下正在做的事247. stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248. stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事249. stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250. such + 名这样，这种251. suit sb 适合某人252. surprise sb 使某人惊奇to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253. take classes 上课254. take sb to 把某人带去eg : I take you to the hospital.255. take walks = take a walk ＝go for a walk散步256. ①talk to 对谁说eg : I talk to you .②talk with 和谁说eg : I talk with him .③talk of 谈到eg : we talked of you.④talk about 谈论关于⋯⋯257. talk with sb 和某人说话258. teach sb sth 教某人做某事259. tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事260. tell sb sth tell sb that丛句tell sb not to do sth tell a story261. tell sb sth 告诉某人某事262. tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么263. tell ⋯from ⋯264. thank you for +doing265. the same + 名词(doing)+as ⋯⋯266. the same⋯(名)⋯asas⋯(adj adv) ⋯as 相同267. the way to do sth ＝the way of doing sth做某方面的方法the way to + 地方去哪的路 e g :Do you know the way to learn English. Do you know the way of learning English.268. the way to ⋯(地点) 到哪的269. too ⋯to ⋯太怎样而不能⋯⋯adj +enough to 足够⋯能⋯so⋯that +丛句eg: He is too young to go to school.= He is so young that he can't go to schoolHe is old enough to go to school .＝He is so old that he can go to school .270. transalte ⋯⋯into ⋯⋯把什么翻译成什么eg : Trasalte English into chinese .271. travel with sb 和某人去旅游272. try one's best to do sth 尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well.273. try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了eg ：He tried to climb. 他想爬上去（但没成功）He tried climbing. 他想爬上去（已经做过了）274. try ⋯试衣服have a try 试一下275. turn down 开小←→ turn up 开大276. turn off 关上←→ turn o n 打开open 拆开277. upside down 倒着278. visit to ⋯参观某个地方279. wait for sb 等某人。

最完整的初中英语语法大全英语语法大全初中英语语法学习提纲一词类句子成分和构词法1词类英语词类分十种名词形容词代词数词冠词动词副词介词连词感叹词1名词 n 表示人事物地点或抽象概念的名称如boy morning bag ball class orange2代词 pron who she you it3形容词 adj 表示人或事物的性质或特征如good right white orange 4数词 num 表示数目或事物的顺序如one two three first second third fourth5动词 v 表示动作或状态如am isarehavesee6副词 adv 修饰动词形容词或其他副词说明时间地点程度等如now very here often quietly slowly7冠词 art 用在名词前帮助说明名词如a an the8介词 prep 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系如in on from above behind9连词 conj 用来连接词短语或句子如and but before10感叹词 interj 表示喜怒哀乐等感情如oh well hi hello2句子成分英语句子成分分为七种主语谓语宾语定语状语表语宾语补足语1主语是句子所要说的人或事物回答是谁或者什么通常用名词或代词担任如Im Miss Green 我是格林小姐2谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态回答做什么主要由动词担任如Jack cleans the room every day 杰克每天打扫房间3表语在系动词之后说明主语的身份或特征回答是什么或者怎么样通常由名词代词或形容词担任如My name is Ping ping 我的名字叫萍萍4宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果回答做的是什么通常由名词或代词担任如He can spell the word 他能拼这个词有些及物动词带有两个宾语一个指物一个指人指物的叫直接宾语指人的叫间接宾语间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面如He wrote me a letter 他给我写了一封信有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语放在直接宾语后面来强调间接宾语如He wrote a letter to me 他给我写了一封信5定语修饰名词或代词通常由形容词代词数词等担任如Shanghai is a big city 上海是个大城市6状语用来修饰动词形容词副词通常由副词担任如He works hard 他工作努力7宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么通常由形容词或动词充当如They usually keep their classroom clean 他们通常让教室保持清洁 He often helps me do my lessons 他常常帮我做功课 The teacher wanted me tolearn French all by myself 老师要我自学法语☆同位语通常紧跟在名词代词后面进一步说明它的情况如Where is your classmate Tom 你的同学汤姆在哪里3构词法英语构词法主要有合成法派生法和转换法1合成法如spaceship headache basketball playground等等2派生法1 派生名词①动词eror ②动词ing ③动词 t ion ④形容词ness ⑤其他如inventor learner swimming congratulation kindness carelessness knowledge2 派生形容词①名词y ②名词ful ③动词inged ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名 i an 如snowy sunny hopeful beautiful interesting follwing daily 每日的nervous delicious3 派生副词①形容词ly ②其它如slowly angrily full→fully good→well possible→possibly等等3转换法1 形容词→动词如dry 干燥的→dry 弄干 clean 干净的→clean 打扫弄干净等等2 动词→名词如look walk rest work study swim go talk等等3 名词→动词如hand 手→传递 face 脸→面对等等4 形容词→副词如early→early fast→fast等等5 副词→连词如when 什么时候→当时候等等6 介词→副词如in 到里→在里面在家 on 在上→进行继续等等二名词1英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类1专有名词是个别的人地物团体机构等的专用名称专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写如Beijing Tom the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语则必须使用定冠词the如the Great Wall 长城姓氏名如果采用复数形式则表示该姓氏一家人复数含义如the Greens 格林一家人2普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称如pupil family man foot普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词如 box child orange▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词如water news oil population information2英语可数名词的单复数英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式1名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下①在单数名词词尾加s如map → mapsboy→ boyshorse→ horses table→tables②sox shch结尾的词加es如class→classes box→boxes hero→heroes dish→dishes bench→benches[注]少数以o结尾的词变复数时只加s如photo→photos piano→pianos③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变y为i再加es如family→families city →cities party→parties④以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v再加es如shelf→shelves wolf→wolves life→lives knife→knives2不规则变化man→men woman→women sheep→sheeptooth→teeth fish→fish child→children ox→oxen goose→geese不可数名词一般没有复数形式说明其数量时要用有关计量名词如 a bag of rice→two bags of rice a piece of paper→three pieces of paper a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk3名词所有格名词所有格表示所属关系相当于物主代词在句中作定语宾语或主语其构成法如下1 表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加s如Childerns Day my sisters book 我姐姐的书2 以s或es结尾的复数名词只在词尾加如Teachers Day 教师节3 有些表示时间距离以及世界国家城镇等无生命的名词也可在词尾加s 如todays newspaper 今天的报纸 ten minutes break 十分钟的课间休息Chinas population 中国的人口4 无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系如a fine daughter of the Party 党的好女儿2[注解]① s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺如my aunts 我阿姨家 the doctors 诊所②两人共有某物时可以采用 A and Bs 的形式如Lucy and Lilys bedroom 露西和丽丽合住的卧室③ of名词所有格名词性物主代词称为双重所有格如 a friend of my fathers 我父亲的一位朋友 a friend of mine 我的一位朋友4名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题1谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致即主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时谓语动词用单数形式如The computer was a great invention 计算机是个了不起的发明 The water in the glass is very cold 玻璃杯里的水很冷2集体名词如family class team group row police school等做句子主语时如果表示整体概念则谓语用单数形式如Class Three is a very good class 三班是好班如果表示其中的所有成员时则谓语用复数形式如Class Three have a map of China 三班有张中国地图3Chinese Japanese fish sheep people等表示单个时谓语用单数表示许多时谓语用复数如There is a sheep in the yard 院子里有只绵羊 There are some sheep in the yard 院子里有一些绵羊4maths news等虽然有s结尾但不是复数因此谓语仍用单数The news is veryexciting 这个消息令人兴奋5glasses shoes socks trousers gloves等名词往往用复数形式故谓语用复数如The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them 裤子很便宜我想买6a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式如A lot of students are playing baseball now 现在有许多学生在打垒球A lot of time was wasted on that work 大量的时间花在了那个工作上被动句7and 连接两个名词做主语时谓语原则上用复数但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时谓语则用单数如The teacher and his son are picking apples now 老师和他的儿子在摘苹果 Fish and chips is very famous food 鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品8 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定如There is a table and four chairs in the room 房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子9用bothand连接两个事物做主语时谓语一般用复数如Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow 你和我明天要求都来10主语中含有with的短语时谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定如A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road 一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子当时就站在路边11eitheror或者 neithernor连接两个人物做句子主语时谓语采用就近原则如Either you or he is right 要么是你对要么是他对你和他有一个人是对的 Neither you nor I am going there 你和我都不打算去那里12表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时谓语一般用单数如Two months is not a short time 两个月不是个短时间 Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance 距离两千千米是相当长的一段距离13主语中含有half of three quarters of all of the 等词语时谓语的单复数由名词确定如Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English 因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的 A third of the students were playing near the lake 学生的三分之一当时正在湖边玩耍 All of the water in these rivers has been polluted 这些河流中的水已经被污染了被动句但是population一词又有特殊情况 Whats the population of China 中国人口是多少句子用单数 Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs 阿拉伯人这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人句子用复数5部分名词用法辨析1sportgamematchrace 的区别sport通常指户外运动以锻炼为主概念较大game意思是运动比赛不管户内户外还是脑力体力指以胜负为主的运动match意为竞赛比赛多指正式比赛race主要表示赛跑赛马赛车如People all around the world enjoy sports 全世界的人都喜爱运动 The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing 2008奥运会将在北京举行被动句 Our school football team won the league match 联赛我们学校足球队取得了联赛冠军 They were strong and won the boat race 汤他们很棒赢得了划艇比赛 2festivalholidayvacation的区别festival节日指喜庆的日子或持续一段时间的文娱活动holiday 假日休息日指法定假日或风俗习惯复数可以表示一个较长的假期vacation假期指学习或工作中一段长时间的休息如The Shanghai Television Festival will be held next month 上海电视节将在下个月举行 Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work 星期天是个假日多数人不工作What are you going to do during the summer vacationholidays 在暑期你打算做什么事情3journeytourtriptravel的区别journey指在陆地上或海上或空中进行的长途旅行不知终点含有辛苦的意思tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行强调游览多处常用来指观光等trip通常指往返定时的短途旅行如出差度假等travel 多指长期或长途的观光旅行尤其指到国外没有明确目的地也作不可数名词指旅行这一行为如He made up his mind to make the journey to Dunhuang 他拿定主意要去敦煌旅行 He has gone on a walking tour 他步行观光去了 He took several trips to Shanghai last yeaar 去年他去了上海好几次 Did you go to Santiago 圣地亚哥 during your travels 旅行期间你去圣地亚哥了吗Travelling through thick forests is dangerous 在密林里边穿行是很危险的 4soundnoisevoice的区别sound指各种声音noise主要指噪音voice指人的嗓音如The noise of the street kept me awake in the night 街上的喧嚣声让我彻夜难眠 All of a sudden there was the sound of shots and a cry 突然间传来几声枪响和一声尖叫 The singer has lost her ringing voice as a result of a bad cold 因为感冒的缘故这个歌唱家失去了她银铃般的嗓音5fish的问题指许多条鱼且不管种类时用fish单复数相同fishes 指许多种类的鱼fish指鱼肉时是不可数名词如There are many kinds of fishes in the pool 池子里有很多种类的鱼 I prefer fish to meat 与肉相比我更喜欢鱼三代词1代词的分类英语中代词分为人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词关系代词疑问代词连接代词和不定代词等等2人称代词人称代词代替人和事物的名称分为主格和宾格两种形式第一人称单数第二人称单数第三人称单数第一人称复数第二人称复数第三人称复数阳性阴性中性主格 I我you 你he他she她it它we我们you你们they 他们她们它们宾格 me我you 你him他her她it她us我们you你们them 他们她们它们1主格用来作句子的主语表语如I often go shopping on Sundays 星期天我常去购物 Are they from Brazil 他们是巴西人吗 Where have they gone 他们上哪儿去了 Thats it 就那么回事 Its he 是他2宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语如Who teaches you English this year 今年谁教你们的英语 Help me 救救我 We often write letters to her 我们常给他写信3人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时可以用主格形式也可以用宾格形式口语中大多用宾格如--Who is it 是谁–Its Ime 是我三个不同人称同时出现或者主语中包含我时按照you→he→I的顺序表达如Both he and I are working at that computer company 我和他都在那家电脑公司上班–Who will go there 谁要去那儿–You and me 你和我人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外还可以表示时间天气温度距离情况等含义此外还可以作非人称代词使用替代作主语或者宾语的不定式动名词或者名词性从句如--Whats the weather like today 今天天气怎样 Its fine 天气晴好--Whats the time 几点啦–Its 1200 Its a long way to go 那可要走好长的路 It took him three days to clean his house 打扫屋子花了他三天的时间 It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space 很显然公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空 We found itvery difficult to learn a foreign language well 我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的3物主代词说明事物所属关系的代词分为形容词性和名词性两种第一人称单数第二人称单数第三人称单数第一人称复数第二人称复数第三人称复数阳性阴性中性形容词性my我的your你的his他的her她的its它的our我们的your你们的their 他们的她们的它们的名词性 mine我的Yours你的his他的hers她的its她的ours我们的yours你们的theirs 他们的她们的它们的1形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语后面要跟名词如Is that your umbrella 那是你的伞吗 I often go to see my aunt on Sundays 我经常在星期天去看望阿姨 They are their books 是他们的书2名词性物主代词相当于名词既代替事物又表明所属关系在句子中往往独立地作主语宾语或者表语后面千万不可以跟名词如This is your cupbut where is mine 这是你的杯子可我的在哪儿 Your classroom is very big but ours is rather small 你们的教室很大我们的相当小3of 名词性物主代词称为双重所有格作定语时放在名词的后面如A friend of mine came to see me yesterday 我的一个朋友昨天来看我了指若干朋友中有一个来看我[试比较] My friend came to see me yesterday 我的朋友昨天来看我了指我的那个特定的朋友来看我4反身代词表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关第一人称单数第二人称单数第三人称单数第一人称复数第二人称复数第三人称复数阳性阴性中性myself我自己yourself你自己himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己ourselves我们自己yourselves你们自己themselves 他们她们它们自己1反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身如Dont play with the knife you might hurt yourself 不要玩刀子那会割伤你的2在句子中作同位语表示强调即用来强调名词或代词的语气如The story itself is good Only he didnt tell it well 故事本身是好的只是他没有讲好指示代词指示说明近处或者远处上文或者下文以前或者现在的人或事物单数复数含义this 这个these 这些指较近的人和物that 那个those 那些指较远的人和物such 这样的人物指上文提过的人和物same 同样的人物指和上文提过的相同的人和物it 这人这物指不太清楚是谁或者是什么时指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语宾语或表语也可以作定语修饰名词如Whats this 这是什么 That model plane is made of plastic 那只模型飞机是塑料做的被动句 Remember never to do such things 记得永远不要做这样的事情 Do the same as the teacher tells you 按老师说的做---Who is it 是谁 ---Its me 是我6关系代词用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词参见后面的定语从句1关系代词who which that whom 等将定语从句和主句连接起来英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任一定的成分另一方面又起连接作用如The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One 正在画画的学生是一年级的2关系代词who whom指人如果作从句的宾语则有时省略如Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat 你认识那个戴着红帽子的男人吗3关系代词which 指物如果作从句的宾语则有时省略如Have you found the book which you lost several days ago 你找到几天前丢失的那本书了吗4关系代词that既可指人也可指物如果作从句的宾语则有时省略如Can you see the mandog that is running along the river bank 你看得见顺着河跑的男人狗了吗7连接代词用来引导宾语从句主语从句或表语从句的连接词称连接代词英语中连接代词主要有what 什么 who 谁 whom 谁which 哪个whose 谁的详见相应从句8不定代词代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词单数含义someany nonone eachevery one eitherneither so the otheranother 复合不定代词不可数含义much littlea little all 复数含义many fewa few ones both othersthe others 注复合不定代词有12个something 某事 someone 某人 somebody 某人 anything任何事 anyone 任何人 anybody 任何人 nothing 没事 nobody 没有人 no one 没有人 everything 一切 everyone 每个人 everybody 每个人1 some和 any 的用法some一般用于肯定句中意思是几个一些某个作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词如I have some work to do today 今天我有些事情要做 They will go there some day 他们有朝一日会去那儿some 用于疑问句时表示建议请求或希望得到肯定回答如Would you like some coffee with sugar 你要加糖的咖啡吗any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中意思是任何一些任何一个作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词如They didnt have any friends here 他们在这里没有朋友 Have you got any questions to ask 你有问题要问吗any 用于肯定句时意思是任何的Come here with any friend 随便带什么朋友来吧2 no和none的用法no是形容词只能作定语表示意思是没有修饰可数名词单数或复数或不可数名词如There is no time left Please hurry up 没有时间了请快点 They had no reading books to lend 他们没有阅读用书可以出借none只能独立使用在句子中可作主语宾语和表语意思是没有一个人或事物表示复数或单数如None of them isare in the classroom 他们当中没有一个在教室里 I have many books but none is interesting 我有很多的书但没有一本是有趣的3 all和both的用法all指三者或三者以上的人或物用来代替或修饰可数名词也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词both指两个人或物用来代替或修饰可数名词all和both在句子中作主语宾语表语定语等如I know all of the four British students in their school 他们学校里四个英国学生我全认识 --Would you like this one or that one –Both 你要这个还是那个两个都要all和both既可以修饰名词 allboth the 名词也可以独立使用采用allboth of the 名词复数的形式其中的of 可以省略如All of the boys are naughty 是男孩都调皮4 every和each用法every是形容词只能作定语修饰单数名词意思是每一个表示整体概念each是形容词代词可用作主语宾语定语等意思是每个或者各个表示单个概念each可以放在名词前可以后跟of短语与动词同时出现时要放在be动词助动词情态动词之后或者行为动词之前every和each都用作单数理解但是下文中既可以用单数的代词如hehimhis 也可以用复数的代词如theythemtheir 替代如Every one of the students in his class studies very hard 他班上每个学生学习都很用功 They are very busy Each of them has something to do 他们很忙人人都有事干5 either和neither的用法either意思是两个中间的任何一个neither是either的否定形式意思是两个都不neither和either在句子中可作主语宾语和定语等都用作单数如I dont care much for what to drink Either of the two will do 我不介意喝些什么两个之中随便哪个都行 --Will you go there by bus or by car –NeitherI will go there by train 你坐公车去还是坐轿车去一个都不坐我坐火车去6 otherthe other和another的用法other意思是另一另一些有复数形式在句子中可作主语宾语和定语another 意思是另外又一个表示增加在句中可作宾语和定语如Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking 有些女孩在大苹果树下唱歌别的就躺在草地上说话You have had several cakes Do you really want another one 你已经吃了好几块饼子了你真的还要一块 I want another four books 我还要四本书another 另外的再一又一与the other 另外的一个主要从数量上区分只有两个时用the other在原先基础上增加用another如 This is one of your socks Where is the other one 这是你的一只袜子还有一只呢 I have eaten 4 cakes but I still want another 我已经吃了4块蛋糕但是我还要以块others与the others的主要区别others指剩余的人物指大部分 the others指其余的人物指全部如 A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them 有几个学生在踢足球其他一些人在观看 Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them 十个男孩中有两个站着其他人都围着他们坐着7 many和much的用法many意思是很多与可数名词复数连用much意思是很多与不可数名词连用它们在句中可作主语宾语和定语等如I dont have many friends here 在这里我没有很多的朋友 Many died in the bus accident 许多人在公交车祸中丧失We can learn much with the help of him 在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多 many和much一般用于否定句肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of many much用于肯定句时可以在前面加上sovery或too如 There are a lot of people on the playground 操场上有许多的人 They havent got much work to do 他们没有多少事情可做 There are too many people in the room 房间里人太多了8 fewlittlea fewa little的用法fewlittle意思是很少几个几乎没有有否定的意思a fewa little意思是有几个有些有肯定的意思 fewa few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物 littlea little与不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物它们在句中可作主语宾语和定语如He is very poor and he has little money 他很穷几乎没有什么钱 Dont worry There is still a little time left 别着急还有一点儿时间呢 In that polar region there live few people 在那个极地地区几乎不住人 You can get a few sweets from him 你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果9 复合不定代词somebody something anything nothing everything everybody等是由some any no every 加上body thing 构成的叫做复合不定代词在句子中当单数使用somebody something someone 一般用于肯定句中anything anybodyanyone 一般用于疑问句否定句和条件状语从句中修饰复合不定代词的定语应放在它们的后面如HeyLily There is someone outside the door 嗨丽丽门外有人 Di 每个人 d you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday 上个星期天你来学校时见到什么人了吗 He has nothing much to do today 他今天没有多少事情做10 one与ones用来代替上文的一个或多个人或事物前面可以加冠词形容词指示代词which等如 Which jacket would you like this one or that one 你要哪件夹克这件还是那件 I dont like the green ones 我不喜欢绿色的那些11 so可以代替一件事情作句子的宾语或表语如 I dont think so 我认为不是这样的 He lost a book So did I 他丢失了一本书我也是12 a lot oflots ofa number of large numbers of a great deal ofplenty of的区别五个名词介词短语都表示大量许多a lot of 或lots of 既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式可以相应地换为much和manyplenty of足够大量既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式 a number of large numbers of只可以修饰可数名词复数形式它修饰的词作主语时谓语用复数形式可以换为somemanya lot ofplenty of a great deal of只可以修饰不可数名词它修饰的词作主语时谓语用单数形式可以换为much 如A lot of people think that time is money 许多的人认为时间就是金钱 I dont have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time 我用不着赶忙因为我有充足的时间 I have a number of letters to write today 今天我有好多信要写 I spend a great deal of timemoney on shopping 在购物方面我花费了大量的时间金钱13 noneno onenobody的区别no one和nobody都表示没有人仅指人后面不跟of 短语作主语时谓语用单数形式none表示没有一个人物可指人也可以指物后面可跟of短语作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数如No one knows how he managed to get the ticket 没有人知道他是怎样搞到那张票的 Nobody handed in histheir composition s yesterday 昨天没有一个人交作文 None of my friends came to see me that day 那天没有一个朋友来看我9相互代词表示相互关系的词叫相互代词each other one another是相互代词译成互相可以通用each other表示两者之间而one anther表示许多人之间它们有所有格形式each others one anothers如 We must help each other when we are in trouble 我们身处困。

初中英语基础语法知识点总结初中英语必背核心语法！单选、完形、作文都有用！(绝对精品文档，价值很高，值得下载打印练习)规则名词单数变复数：1)一般情况下，在名词后加-s;2)词尾是s,x,ch,sh结尾的词，在词尾后加-es;3)“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加-es;以y结尾的专有名词或“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接加-s;4)以“+o”结尾的词，一般在词尾加-s;在词尾加-es的词：黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）爱吃西红柿（tomato）土豆（potato）5)以-f/fe结尾的词，变复数，将-f/fe改为v加es;不规则名词单数变复数：1）含 man（男人）的词一般变为 men2）将 oo 改为 ee 的有foot-feet（脚）tooth-teeth（牙刷goose-geese(鹅肉笨蛋)3）以 en结尾的有 child-childen（孩子） ox-oxen（公牛）4）将 ouse 改为 ice 的 mouse-mice（老鼠）5）单复数同形的是 sheep（羊）deer（鹿）Chinese（中国人）注：fish ①作“鱼肉”讲，为不可数名词，没有复数形式②作“鱼类”讲，复数形式为fishes；③作“鱼的条数”讲，复数形式为fish，单复同形。

冠词冠词通常放在名词前，分为定冠词the，表特指，和不定冠词an（后接元音音素开头的单词）和a（后接辅音音素开头的单词），表泛指。

定冠词使用顺口溜：特指、重提和唯一，岛屿、海峡和海湾；海洋、党派、最高级，沙漠、河流与群山；方位、顺序和乐器，年代、团体与机关；船名、建筑和组织，会议、条约与报刊；姓氏复数、国全名，请你记住用定冠；零冠词月，季，星期，节假、周、头衔、职务前、三餐、球类、惯用语、学科、棋类名词前，一般不用任何冠词。

基数词变序数词歌基变序，有规律词尾加上-th(fourth,sixth)一、二、三，特殊例，结尾字母t,d,d(first,second,third)八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth)ve要用 f替;(fifth,twelfth)ty将y改成i,th前面有个e。

九种基本时态一一般现在时概念：表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。

常和always, often, sometimes, every day 等表示时间的状语连用。

如：1）I go to school every day. 我每天都去学校。

（表经常）2）He is always like that. 他总是那样。

（表状态）构成：1）主语+be (am/ are/ is) +……2）主语+实义动词+……二一般过去时概念：1）表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

如：yesterday, last week, in 1998, two days ago 等。

如：I went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一场电影。

2）也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

如：He always went to work by bike last week.构成：1)主语+be (was/ were) +……2)主语+实义动词过去式+……三现在进行时概念：表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。

如：He is singing.They are watching TV now.构成：主语+助动词be (am/ are/ is)+动词-ing形式构成。

四过去进行时概念：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。

这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示外，一般用时间状语来表示。

如：1）---What were you doing ?---I was jumping.2) ---What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?---He was sleeping.构成：主语+助动词be (was/ were) + 动词-ing形式构成。

五一般将来时概念：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。