2016年浙大考博英语真题部分试题

装备学院2016年博士研究生入学考试英语(1001)试题(注意：答案必须定在答题纸上，本试卷满分100分)PART I VOCABULARY (10 points, 0.5 point each)Section ADirection:There are 10 questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrasesmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest inmeaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a singlebar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.1. Many women prefer to use cosmetics to enhance their beauty and make them lookyounger.A. revealB. underlineC. improveD. integrate2. What players and coaches fear most is the partiality on the part of the referees in agame.A. justiceB. biasC. participationD. regionalism3. The sale has been on for a long time because the price is reckoned to be too high.A. consideredB. stipulatedC. raisedD. stimulated4. Smugglers try every means to lay hands on unearthed relics for their personal gains.A. set foot onB. lose their heart toC. set their mind onD. get hold of5. There must have been round about a thousand people participating in the forum.A. approximatelyB. exactlyC. less thanD. more than6. These old shabby houses will be demolished for the construction of residentialbuildings.A. pulled outB. pulled inC. pulled downD. pulled up7. Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mind their manners.A. observeB. memorizeC. commentD. request8. Artificial intelligence deals partly with the analogy between the computer and thehuman brain.A. likenessB. relationC. contradictionD. difference9. It is often the case that some superficially unrelated events turn out to be linked insome aspects.A. practicallyB. wonderfullyC. beneficiallyD. seemingly10. The alleged all-powerful master of chi kong was arrested on a charge of fraud.A. so-calledB. well-knowsC. esteemedD. undoubted Section BDirection:There are 10 questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracketson your Answer Sheet.11. It is hoped that pork can be made leaner by introducing a cow gene into the pig‟sgenetic _______.A. reservoirB. warehouseC. poolD. storehouse12. The chairman said that he was prepared to ________ the younger people in thedecision making.A. put up withB. make way forC. shed light onD. take charge of13. Tom is angry at Linda because she _____ him _______ all the time.A. sets…upB. puts…downC. runs…outD. drops…in14. The ability to focus attention on important things is a ________ characteristic ofintelligence.A. definingB. decliningC. defeatingD. deceiving15. Our picnic having been _____ by the thunderstorm, we had to wait in the pavilionuntil it cleared up.A. destroyedB. underminedC. spoiltD. contaminated16. I was disappointed to see that those people I had sort of ____ were pretty ordinary.A. despisedB. resentedC. worshipedD. ridiculed17. One of the main purpose of using slang is to consolidate one‟s ____ with a group.A. specificationB. unificationC. notificationD. identification18. The _____ from underdeveloped countries may well increase in response to thesoaring demand for high-tech professionals in developed nations.A. brain damageB. brain trustC. brain feverD. brain drain19. This matter settled, we decided to _______ to the next item on the agenda.A. succeedB. exceedC. proceedD. precede20. Listening is as important as taking. If you are a good listener, people often _____you for being a good conversationalist.A. complementB. complimentC. compelD. complainPart II Cloze Test (15 points, 1 point each)Directions:There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through.Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, orD for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the wordor phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets onyour Answer Sheet.It has been said that in a high-divorce society, not only are more unhappy marriages likely to end in divorce, but in addition, more marriages are likely to become unhappy. Much of life‟s happiness and much of its 21 come from the same source—one‟s marriage. Indeed, few things in life have the potential to provide as much 22 or as much anguish. As the accompanying box indicates, many couples are having more than their share of the 23 .But divorce statistics reveal only part of the problem. For each marriage that sinks, countless others remain 24 but are stuck in stagnant waters. “We used to be a happy family, but the last 12 years have been horrible,”25 a woman married for more than 30 years. “My husband is not interested in my feelings. He is truly my worst 26 enemy.” Similarly, a husband of nearly 25 years said: “My wife has told me that she doesn‟t love me anymore. She says that if we can just exist as roommates and each go our 27 ways when it comes to leisure time, the situation can be 28 .”Of course, some in such terrible straits 29 their marriage. For many, however, divorce is 30 . Why? According to Dr. Karen Kavser, factors such as children, community disgrace, finances, friends, relatives, and religious beliefs might keep a couple together, even in a 31 state. “Unlikely to divorce, legally,” she says, “these spouses choose to 32 a partner from whom they are emotionally divorced.”Must a couple whose relationship has cooled 33 themselves to a life of dissatisfaction? Is a loveless marriage the only 34 to divorce? Experience proves that many troubled marriages can be saved—not only from the 35 of breakup but also from the misery of lovelessness.21. A. mighty B. misery C. mystery D. myth22. A. delight B. dismay C. dignity D. destiny23. A. late B. later C. latter D. last24. A. ashore B. afloat C. arrogant D. ascended25. A. conferred B. compromised C. confessed D. confided26. A. passional B. feeling C. emotional D. sensational27. A. separate B. parting C. different D. divided28. A. excused B. forgiven C. comprehended D. tolerated29. A. intensify B. terminate C. reinforce D. betray30. A. in the end B. out of the count C. in the way D. out of the question31. A. loving B. lovely C. loved D. loveless32. A. insist on B. persist in C. remain with D. keep in with33. A. resign B. deposit C. expel D. return34. A. pattern B. destination C. alternative D. route35. A. addiction B. agony C. abuse D. abolition Part III Reading Comprehension (30 point)Section A (20 points, 1 point each)Directions:In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answerfrom the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a singlebar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.Section A (20 points, 1 point each)Passage OneThere are over 6,000 different computer and online games in the world now. A segment of them are considered to be both educational and harmlessly entertaining. One such game teaches geography, and other trains pilots. Others train the player in logical thinking and problem solving. Some games also help young people to become more computer literate, which is more important in this technology-driven era.But the dark side of the computer games has become more and more obvious. “A segment of games features anti-social themes of violence, sex and crude language,”says David Walsh, president of the National Institute on Media and Family. “Unfortunately, it‟s a segment that seems particularly popular with kids aged eight to fifteen.”One study showed that almost 80 percent of the computer and online games young people preferred contained violence. The investigators said “These are not just games anymore. These are learning machines. We‟re teaching kids in the most incredible manner what it‟s like to pull the trigger. What they are not learning are the real-life consequences.”They also said “The new and more sophisticated games are even worse, because they have better graphics and allow the player to participate in even more realistic violent acts.” In the game Carmageddon, for example, the player will have driven over and killed up to 33,000 people by the time all levels are completed. A description of the outcome of the game says: “Your victims no t only squish under your tires and splatter blood on the windshield, they also get on their knees and beg for mercy, or commit suicide. If you like, you can also dismember them.”Is all this simulated violence harmful” Approximately 3,000 different studies have been conducted on this subject. Many have suggested that there is a connection between violence in games and increased aggressiveness in the players.Some specialists downplay the influence of the games, saying that other factors must be taken into consideration, such as the possibility that kids who already have violent tendencies are choosing such games. But could it be that violent game still play a contributing role? It seems unrealistic to insist that people are not influenced by what they see. If that were true, why would the commercial world spend billions of dollars annually for television advertising?36. Which of the following computer games is NOT mentioned as educational and harmlessly entertaining?A. Those that help people learn more about computers.B. Those that teach the features of the earth.C. Those that provide special training for writers online.D. Those that provide special training for pilots.37. According to one study, more computer and online games _______.A. allow the players to take part in killing actsB. teach the players to be antisocialC. make the players forget the real life resultsD. that young people like contain violence38. What does the underlined word “dismember” in paragraph 4 mean?A. To kick somebody out.B. To cut somebody into pieces.C. To dismiss somebody.D. To stab a knife into somebody.39. Many studies have suggested that _________.A. more and more young people enjoy cruel computer gamesB. violence in computer games makes their players more aggressiveC. there are now far more incidents of violence due to computer gamesD. simulated violence in computer games is different from real violence40. The author uses “television advertising” as an example to show that _______.A. other factors must be considered as possible causes of violence in real lifeB. computer and online games are not the only cause of increased violence in real lifeC. the commercial world is contributing to the increased violence in real lifeD. there is a close link between computer games and increased violence in real lifePassage TwoThe collapse of the Earth‟s magnetic field—which guards the planet and guides many of its creatures—appears to have started seriously about 150 years ago, the New York Times reported last week.The field‟s strength has decreased by 10 or 15 percent so far and this has increased the debate over whether it signals a reversal of the planet‟s lines of magnetic force.During a reversal, the main field weakens, almost vanishes, and reappears with opposite polarity. The transition would take thousands of years. Once completed, compass needles that had pointed north would point south. A reversal could cause problems for both man and animals. Astronauts and satellites would have difficulties. Birds, fish and animals that rely on the magnetic field for navigation would find migration confusing. But experts said the effects would not be a big disaster, despite claims of doom and vague evidence of links between past field reversals and species extinctions.Although a total transition may be hundreds or thousands of years away, the rapid decline in magnetic strength is already affecting satellites. Last month, the European Space Agency approved the world‟s largest effort at tracking the field‟s shifts. A group of new satellites, called Swarm, is to monitor the collapsing field with far greater precision. “We want to get some idea of how this would evolve in the near future, just like people trying to predict the weather,” said Gauthier Hulot, a French geophysicist working out the first predictions by the end of the mission.”No matter what the new findings, the public has no reason to panic. Even if a transition is coming on its way, it might take 2,000 years to mature. The last one took place 780,000 years ago, when early humans were learning how to make stone tools. Deep inside the Earth flow hot currents of melted iron. This mechanical energy creates generator, the same principle turns mechanical energy into electricity.No one knows precisely why the field periodically reverses. But scientists say the responsibility probably lies with changes in the disorderly flows of melted iron, which they see as similar to the gases that make up the clouds of Jupiter.41. According to the passage, the Earth‟s magnetic field has __________.A. begun to change in the opposite directionB. been weakening in strength for a long timeC. caused the changes on the polaritiesD. misguided many a man and animal42. During the transition of the Earth‟s magnetic field ____________.A. the compass will become uselessB. man and animals will be confused as to directionsC. the magnetic strength of the Earth will disappearD. the magnetic strength of the Earth will be stronger43. According to the experts, the reversal of the Earth‟s magnetic field would ______.A. destroy almost all the creatures on the EarthB. cause some species extinctions on the EarthC. not be as disastrous as the previous oneD. cause no big trouble for man and animals44. According to the passage, ___________.A. we should not worry about the transition of the Earth‟s magnetic fieldB. the Earth‟s magnetic field will not change for at least 2,000 yearsC. the Earth‟s magnetic field has decreased its strength rapidlyD. the transition of the Earth‟s magnetic field can be controlled by modern science45. The author says “…the public has no reason to panic” because _________.A. the transition is still thousands of years awayB. the new transition will come 780,000 years from nowC. the transition can be precisely predicted by scientistsD. the process of the transition will take a very long time to finishPassage ThreeThe terrorist attacks in London Thursday served as a stunning reminder hat in today‟s world, you never know what you might see when you pick up the newspaper or turn on the TV. Disturbing images of terror can trigger an instinctive response no matter how close or far away from home the event happened.Throughout history, every military conflict has involved psychological warfare in one way or another as the enemy sought to break the morale of their opponent. But thanks to advances in technology, the popularity of the Internet, and proliferation of news coverage, the rules of engagement in this type of mental battle have changed.Whether it‟s a massive attack or a single horrific act, the effects of psychological warfare aren‟t limited to the physical damage inflicted. Instead, the goal of these attacks is to instill a sense of fear that is much greater than the actual threat itself.Therefore, the impact of psychological terror depends largely on how the acts are publicized and interpreted. But that also means there are ways to defend yourself and your loved ones by putting these fears into perspective and protecting your children from horrific images.What Is Psychological Terror? “The use of terrorism as a tactic is based upon inducing a climate of fear that is disproportionate with the actual threat,” says Middle Eastern historian Richard Bulliet of Columbia University. “Every time you have an act of violence, publicizing that violence becomes an important part of the act itself.”“There are various ways to have your impact. You can have your impact by the magnitude of what you do, by the symbolic character of target, or the horrific quality of what you do to a single person,” Bulliet tells WebMD. “The point is that it isn‟t what do, but it‟s how it‟s covered that determines the effect.”For example, Bulliet says the Iranian hostage crisis, which began in 1979 and lasted for 444 days, was actually one ofthe most harmless things that happened in the Middle East in the last 25 years. All of the US hostages were eventually released unharmed, but the event remains a psychological scar for many Americans who watched helplessly as each evening‟s newscast counted the days the hostages were being held captive.Bulliet says terrorists frequently exploit images of a group of masked individuals exerting total power over their captives to send the message that the act is a collective demonstration of the group‟s power rather than an individual criminal act. “You don‟t have the notion that a certain person has taken a hostage. It‟s an image of group power, and the force becomes generalized rather than personalized,”says Bulliet. “The randomness and the ubiquity of the threat give the impression of vastly greater capacities.”Psychiatrist Ansar Haroun, who served in the US Army reserves in the first Gulf War and more recently in Afghanistan, says that terrorist groups often resort to psychological warfare because it‟s the only tactic they have available to them. “They don‟t have M-16s, and we have M-16s. They don‟t have the mighty military power that we have, and they only have access to things like kidnapping,” says Haroun, who is also a clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego.“In psychological warfare, even one beheading can have the psychological impact that might be associated with killing 1,000 of the enemy,” Haroun tells WebMD. “You haven‟t really harmed the enemy every much by killing one person on the other side. But in terms of inspiring fear, anxiety, terror, and making us all feel bad, you‟ve achieved a lot of demoralization.”46. What has changed the rules of psychological warfare? ___________.A. Terrorist attacksB. The increase of military conflictsC. Advances in nuclear weaponsD. Prosperity of the media47. The goal of psychological warfare is to ____________.A. change the ideology of the opponentB. win a battle without military attacksC. generate a greater sense of fearD. bring about more physical damage48. According to Richard Bulliet, publicized an act of violence becomes an important part of terrorism itself because ____________.A. psychological terrorism is a tacticB. terrorism depends on a climate of fear rather than on the actual threatC. the use of terrorism is to inspire fear that is more destructive than the actual threatD. publicizing the violence can make more people know the actual threat49. The Iranian hostage crisis shows that __________.A. means determines effectsB. hostage crises are prevalentC. psychological terrors remain harmlessD. the American media is effective50. Terrorists hold an individual as a hostage to ___________.A. scare the publicB. demonstrate their crueltyC. manipulate the government concernedD. show their group powerPassage FourIn a year marked by uncertainty and upheaval, officials at New Orleans universities that draw applicants nationwide are not following the usual rules of thumb when it comes to college admissions. The only sure bet, they say, is that this fall‟s entering classes—the first since Katrina—will be smaller than usual.In typical years, most college admissions officials can predict fairly accurately by this point in the admissions cycle how many high school seniors will commit to enrolling in their institutions. Many of the most selective schools require students—who increasingly are applying to multiple institutions—to make their choices by May 1. Loyola University, whose trustees will vote May 19 on whether to drop several degree programs and eliminate 17 faculty positions, received fewer applications—about 2,900 to date, compared with 3,500 in recent years. The school hopes to enroll 700 freshmen, down from 850 in the past few years. Historically black Dillard University, which is operating out of a hotel and was forced to cancel its annual March open house, also saw drops, as did Xavier University, a historically black Catholic institution that fell behind its recruitment schedule. Dillaed won‟t release numbers, but spokeswoman Maureen Larkins says applications were down and enrollments are expected to be lower than in the past. Xavier admissions dean Winston Brown says its applicant pool fell by about half of last year‟s record 1,014; he hopes to enroll 500 freshmen.In contrast, Tulane University, which is the most selective of the four and developed an aggressive recruitment schedule after the hurricane, enjoyed an 11% increase in applications this year, to a record 20,715. Even so, officials predict that fewer admitted student s will enroll and are projecting a smaller-than-usual freshman class—1,400 compared with a more typical 1,600. Tulane officials announced in December that they would eliminate some departments and faculty positions.Like Tulane, other schools are taking extra steps this year to please admitted student, often by enlisting help from alumni around the country and reaching out to students with more e-mail, phone calls or Web-based interactions such as blogs. In addition, Loyola is relaxing deadlines, sweetening the pot with larger scholarships and freezing tuition at last year‟s level. Dillard, too, is freezing tuition. It‟s also hosting town meetings in target cities and regions nationwide, and moved its academic calendar back from …august to mid-September “to turn away from the majority of the hurricaneseason,”Larkins says. Xavier extended its application deadline and stepped up its one-one-one contact with accepted students. And Tulane, among other things, has doubled the number of on-campus programs for accepted student and hosted a community service weekend program.While the schools expect applicants to be apprehensive, the admissions officials also see encouraging signs of purposefulness among applicants. “A lot of students who are choosing to come to this city are saying, …I want to be a part of the action,‟” says Stieffel, noting that Loyola‟s transfer applications were up 30%. And while applications to Xavier are down, Brown is betting that students who do apply are serious. “The ones who are applying, we feel, are more likely to come,” he says.51. The word “Katrina” in Para. 1 probably refers to _____________.A. a hurricaneB. an admission officialC. a universityD. a student52. It can be learned from the passage that ____________.A. most colleges requires students to apply and commit to their institutionsB. more students are applying to multiple institutionsC. all students are required to make their institution choices by May 1D. university trustees make decisions on enrollment53. The following statements are all true EXCEPT ____________.A. Tulane University also saw drops in applications this yearB. Xavier University fell behind its recruitment scheduleC. applicants to Xavier University fell by about half of last year‟s recordD. Loyola University will vote on whether to eliminate 17 faculty positions54. In order to attract applicants, Loyola University and Dillard University are both _.A. freezing tuitionsB. extending application deadlinesC. hosting meetingsD. increasing scholarships55. Tulane University enjoyed an increase in applicants due to its ____________.A. new enrollment policiesB. aggressive recruitment scheduleC. academic positionD. financial situationSection B (10 points, 2 points each)Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions orcomplete the statements in the fewest possible words on the Answer Sheet.In all of the industrial countries and many less developed countries, a debate along the lines of government vs. business prevails. This struggle has gone on for so long, and is so pervasive, that many who participate in it have come to think of these two social institutions as natural and permanent enemies, each striving to oppose the other.Viewing the struggle in that format diminishes the chance of attaining more harmonious relations between government and business. Moreover, if these two are seen as natural and deadly enemies, then business has no long-range future. It is self-evident that government, as the only social instrument that can legally enforce its will by physical control, must win any struggle that is reduced to naked power.A more realistic, and most constructive, approach to the conflict between business and government starts by noticing the many ways in which they are dependent on each other. Business cannot exist without social order. Business can and does generate its own order, its own regularities of procedure and behavior; but at bottom these rest upon more fundamental patterns of order which can be maintained and evolved by the political state.The dependence of government on business is less absolute. Governments can absorb direct responsibility for organizing economic functions. In many cases, ancient and modern, government-run economic activities seem to have operated at a level of efficiency not markedly inferior to comparable work organized by business. If society‟s sole purpose is to achieve a bare survival for its members, there can be no substantial objection to governmental absorption of economic arrangements.(注意：此部分试题请在答题纸上作答)56. What is the passage mainly about?57. The function of the government is to ________________________________?58. What is the starting point of a more realistic approach?59. Business can and does generate its own order, but ________________.60. Government depend less on business because ___________________________.Part IV Error Detection and Correction (10 points, 1 point each) Directions:The following passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved youshould proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. Writedown your correction on the Answer Sheet.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correctone in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “Λ”sign and write the word you believe to be missingin the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary with a slash “/” and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line. Example:When Λ art museum wants a new exhibit, it never buys things in finished form and hangs them on the wall When a natural history museum wants an exhibition, it must often build it. (1) an(2) never(3) exhibitAs one of the many outgrowths of the sweeping federal health carelaw, health insurances and employers must now pay the cost of screening 61.____ children for obesity and providing them with appropriate counseling.With about one in three children in America obese and overweight, 62.____ the need for such programs is clear. But experts say, creating them willbe challenging. More than intensive hospital-based programs, few proven 63.____ models exist for helping children and adolescents achieve and maintain ahealthier weight, and researchers do not even fully understand the factorsthat contributed the rapid rise in childhood obesity in recent years. 64.____ While there are many community efforts aimed at getting every childto eat better and exercise more, including Michelle Obama‟s “Let‟s Move”initiative, there is also growing demand for programs help children who 65.____ are already seriously overweight. WellPoint and the UnitedHealth Group,another large insurer, are experimenting with the new approaches, and 66.____ even Weight Watchers says it is working to develop a program for childrenand teenagers. Drug companies and medical device makers are also testingsome products for children. 67.____ Adults have a difficult enough time lose weight, and the issues are 68.____ even more complicated with children and teenagers, experts say. Childrenare still growing, and the goal of any program maybe to help them grow 69.____ into a healthier weight rather than to actually gain pounds. Experts also 70.____ say that to be successful, programs need to focus on the family as a whole,changing what everybody eats and how much time they are all active, notsitting in front of a computer screen or television.Part V Translation (15 points, 3 points each)Directions:Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet..。

Part I Single Choices1.Which of the following is WRONG according to the principle ofcollecting specimen ? BA. Specimen should be collected timely and during the “window period”B. Specimen should be collected after antibioticsC. Avoid contaminating the specimenD. Specimen should be kept at appropriate temperature2.Uncontrolled growth, invasion and B are 3 malignant 恶性的properties of cancer.A. AbnormalB. Metastasis转移C. TransformationD. Prognosis预后3.Which one is NOT included in Routine Blood Chemsitry Items? CA. Magnesium 镁B. LDL cholesterol低密度胆固醇C. Aldosterone 醛固酮D. Creatinine肌酸酐3.Holter monitor is a small portable device with a recording systemcapable of storing up to 24 hours of B recordings.A. EKGB. Echocardiography超声心动C. AngiographyD. PCI4.Lipid profile does NOT include DA. Total cholesterol (TC)B. Triglyceride (TG)C. LDL-CD. Troponin I 肌钙蛋白5.Which one is NOT the trend of modern surgery DA. Diagnostic SurgeryB. Robotic SurgeryC. TransplantationD. Microinvasive Surgery微创外科6.angio- in（angiitis, angioplasty, angioma）means:A 血管A. vesselB. bloodC. lymphD. heart7.neuro- in（neurology, neuritis, neurosurgery）means:AA. nerveB. muscleC. brainD. spleen8.ectomy 切除术in（appendectomy, gastrectomy, hepatectomy）means:BA. inflammationB. removeC. openD. close9.Acute abdomen includes follows EXCEPT CA. Ectopic pregnancy 宫外孕B. Acute appendicitis急性阑尾炎C. Chronic cholecystitisD. Rupture of liverPart II Simple Questions1.What is core content of clinical thinking?Make determined diagnosis2.Why we need clinical thinking?1)Clinical diagnosis is the basic medical practice of physicians2)Proper diagnosis is the basis and premise of treatment3)The quality of clinical diagnosis and treatment is influenced by the service philosophy, professional knowledge and technic, clinical experience, ancillary equipment and so on.4)The results of misdiagnosis and mistreatment are serious: patients’ life and health is menaced, the doctors’ morality and justi ce is sullied How to use the methods of clinical thinking?1 diagnostic thinking:(1)history taking;(2)physical examination;(3)hypothesis of diagnosis;(4)developing a differential diagnosis;(5)searching the evidence;(6)select the related lab.tests and other techniques;2therapeutic thinking:3.What’s your opinion about Complete Doctor?First, they must be qualified doctors who have basic capabilities includingbasic story ,basic knowledge and basic skills and basic attitudes as follows:1)lifelong learning: recognizing medical learning is endless, to seriouslystudy.2)Responsibility: sense of justice and responsible for due diligence.3)An inquiring attitude: the patient mentors ,from human4)Open heart open minded5)Respect: respect your exposure to any one person,whatever hisorigin,status,wealth.6)The uncertainty in the ability to learn7)The accumulated experience and proficiencySecond, they must try their best to be good doctors who possess profound knowledge, exquisite medical skills and humanity.Third,they also need to qialify excellent personal qualities:1)to have modest ,diligent study of the spirit2)must be diligent with the brain,good at summing up3)observation4)imagination5)logical thinking, organizational skills, to avoid subjective judgementsForth, they must observe medical code of ethics1)as a doctor, they should always be for the interests of the patients, doeverything possible to relieve pain for patients: life-saving humanitarian 2)respect the patient’s personality and the right to treat patients equallyregardless of nationality ,gender, occupation, status, property status3)polite service. Dignified manners, language, civilization, the affable,sympathetic, caring and considerate of patients;4)integrity. Consciously abide by the law, do not accept patients with a redenvelope, dinner, not to patients or their families borrowed money and borrowed material;5)not to disclose patient privacy and confidentiality;6)to correctly handle the relationship between peer colleagues,mutual learning, solidarity and cooperation;7)rigorous and realistic, to forge ahead, to study medicine, and excellence.Constantly update their knowledge and improve skills.1.心肌梗死MI (myocardial infarction)；2.主治医生attending doctor；Resident physician 住院医师；3.哮喘asthma4.致癌作用Carcinogenic effect选择题：1、镭的发现之一是居里夫人，原名叫玛丽·斯可罗多夫斯卡2、词根前缀neutro 什么意思？中性3、词根后缀tachy什么意思？急速，加速，快速4、词根后缀ostomy什么意思？造瘘术，造口术5、心肌损伤标志物：1.心肌酶谱检测：天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）肌酸激酶（CK）肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）2．心肌蛋白检测：肌红蛋白（MYO）肌钙蛋白（CTn）C反应蛋白3.心肌血管标记物检测：4. 利钠肽（NP）：ANP：心钠素BNP：脑钠素CNP:C型利钠肽VNP:V-型利钠肽DNP: D-型利钠肽问答题：1、PET的临床应用答:其在临床主要用于肿瘤的早期定性诊断、分期和疗效评价,心肌细胞活性的判断,以及脑代谢与神经功能的研究。

浙江大学考博英语部分真题及其解析Section I Use of English(10%)Read the following text.Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and ma,A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1(客观答题卡).We suffer from a conspicuous lack of role models and shared causes. This is1of reason,I think,that many young Asian-Americans continue to assimilate quietly into America2as doctors,scientists and engineers.Our struggles are individual and familial but3communal or political.Ours is a frustratingly limited version of the AMERICAN Dr earr While I can strive for4into Harvard and become the talk of the Korean mothers in ml home town,God forbid that I aim much further and higher than that――5fame ant in fluence as a writer,an Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi huo kao bo fu dao ti yan qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi intellectual or perhaps president of the United States.I wish more than anything else to feel like part of something6than myself and m~personal ambitions,part of a larger culture. Unfortunately,by coming to America my parent,7the cultural legacy they would have passed on to me.When I visited8last summer,found that I was9and chastised by many people for never learning how to speak Korean and for turning my10on their culture.Taxi drivers would 11to stop for me and my Korean-American friends because they knew from our12where we had come from.And13,in spite of the17years I have spent in this country,I feel more acutely conscious than ever of the fact that I am not completely14.Recently,a black man called me a"littleChinese faggot"in a men's room,and a15woman on the street told me to"go back to Japan."Americans,I think,feel a(n)16to keep both Asians and Asian-Americans at asociological,philosophical and geographical distance.With17numbers of Asian-American18applying to top colleges,many white students have begun to complain aboutAsian-American19and competitiveness,calling us"Asian nerds."Many Americans consider this as part of a larger"Asian invasionf associated20Japan's export success in America.01.[A]one[B]part[C]much[D]some02.[A]country[B]city[C]land[D]society03.[A]hardly[B]frequently[C]approximately[D] always04.[A]scholarship[B]citizenship[C]admittance[D] integration05.[A]toward[B]near[C]between[D]among06.[A]more[B]better[C]larger[D]longer07.[A]sold[B]maintained[C]memorized[D]sacrificed08.[A]Japan[B]China[C]Korea[D]Thailand09.[A]scorned[B]respected[C]surprised[D]ignored10.[A]side[B]head[C]eyes[D]back11.[A]like[B]refuse[C]straggle[D]want12.[A]skin[B]clothes[C]faces[D]politeness13.[A]also[B]so[C]yet[D]then14.[A]hated[B]ignored[C]treated[D]welcome15.IAI homeless[B]careless[C]selfless[D]shameless16.[A]fear[B]need[C]interest[D]hate17.[A]growing[B]expanding[C]developing[D] enlarging18.[A]people[B]residents[C]students[D]foreigners19.,[Al diligence[B]laziness[C]hardship[D] stubbornness20.[A]for[B]to[C]with[D]atgection II Reading Comprehension(60%)Part A(40%)Read the following texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1(客观答题卡).Text1InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration n countering the threat of cybercrime and terrorism to private businesses and the government.By the end of September,there will be InfraGard chapters in all50states, Calloway said.With advice from the FBI,each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry,the academic community and public agencies.Banks,utilities,and other businessesand government agencies will use a secure Web site to share nformation about attempts to hack into their computer networks.Members can join the system!t no charge.A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks.A"sanitized"description of a hacking attempt or other incident-one that doesn't reveal the name or ensitive information about the victim-can be shared with the other members to spot trends?hen a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's computer crimes unit to ietermine if there are grounds for an investigation.Cybercrime has jumped in recent years across the nation, particularly in hotbeds of financial cormmerce and technology like Charlotte."Ten years ago,all you needed to protect yourself was a safe,a fence and security officers,"said Chris Swecker,who is in charge of the FBI's Charlotte office."Now any business with a modem is subject to attack."FBE agents investigating computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including ,CNN and Yahoo!this year identified several North Carolina victims.The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks.Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of businesses to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business.Meanwhile,too many corporations have made it tooeasy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility.Jack Wiles,who will lead the local InfraGard chapter's board,said a recent report estimated97percent of all cybercrime goes undetected.Wiles,a computer security expert,has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files."I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer,"he said."The Net is a wonderful place,but it's also a dangerous one."21.From the first paragraph,we know[A]InfraGard is a protective measure aga/nst cybercrime.[BI InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration.[C]there will be50InfraGard chapters in all states.[DJ private business and the government are now committing cybererime.22.Each local chapter of InfraGard will be run by the following EXCEPT[Al academic communities.[B]public agencies.[C]FBI.[D]private industry.23.By saying"too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility"the author means[A]too many corporations take no notice of the security problem of computers.[B]criminals are sacrificing security for speed and accessibility.[C]it's very easy to sacrifice security for speed and accessibility.[D]many companies suffer from computer hacking because they value speed and accessibility more than security.24.All the following are reasons for the rise in cybercrime EXCEPT[A]victims won't report intrusions by hackers.[B]vi victims have no fkewalls.[C]the use of modem is increasing.[D]companies don't pay enough attention to Security.25.It can be concluded from the passage that[A]not all hacking attempts are worthy of investigation.[B]information of the victims is inaccessible.[C]InfraGard chapters will be in effect by the end of September.[D] was once disrupted by hacking.Text2The annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup poll of attitudes towards public education releasedthis week found that a majorty of Americans feel t is important to put"a qualified,competent teacher in every classroom".Bob Chase,president of the National EducationAssociation(NEA),the main teachers'union,wasted no time in pointing out that this will require raising teachers'salaries so that more qualified candidates will enter the profession and stay there.A study by two economists suggests that the quality of America's teachers has more to do with how they are paid rather than how much. The pay of American public-school teachers isnot based on any measure of performance;instead,it is determined by a rigid formula based on experience and years of schooling,factors massively unimportant in deciding how well students do.The uniform pay scale invites what economists call adverse selection.Since the most talented teachers are also likely to be good at other professions,they have a strong incentive to leave education for jobs in which pay is more closely linked to productivity.For dullards,the incentives are just the opposite.The data are striking:when test scores are used as a proxy for ability,the bright est individuals shun the teaching profession at every juncture.Clever students are the least like lyto choose education as a major at university.Among students who do major in education,those with higher test scores are less likely to become teachers.And among individuals who enterteaching,those with the highest test scores are the most likely to leave the profession early.The study takes into consideration the effects of a nationwide 20%real increase in teacher salaries during the1980s.It concludes that it had no appreciable effect on overall teacher quality,in largepart because schools do a poor job of.recruiting and-selecting the best teachers.Also,even if higher salaries lure more qualified candidates into the profession,the overall effect on quality may be offset by mediocre teachers who choose to postpone retirement.The study also takes aim at teacher training.Every state requires that teachers be licensed,a process that can involve up to two years of education classes,even for those who have auniversity degree or a graduate degree in the field they would like to teach.Inevitably, this system does little to lure in graduates of top universities or professionals who would like to enter teaching at mid-career.26.Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the passage?[A]NEA is the largest society for teachers.[B]Education-majored students are not as wise as people have assumed.[C]Young teachers are paid less because their students don't do well enough.[D]The study is both concerned with the effects of rise in payment and teacher training.27.Increase in teacher salaries did not turn out so effective mainly because of the following reasons EXCEPT.[A]the authorities do not set standards for qualified teachers.[BI mediocre teachers postpone retirement.[C]the salaries were not attractive enough.[D]teachers didn't have equal opportunities.28.According to the passage,the reason for clever students' refusal to take teaching as profession is because.[A]it offers low pay.[B]they have interest in other professions.[C]it does not value productivity.[D]it uses poor recruiting strategies.29."The data are striking:when the brightest individuals shun the teaching profession at every juncture"means.[A]students doing well in study are willing to take teaching as a career.[B]students doing well in study can't avoid choosing teaching as a career.[C]students doing well in study are reluctant to be teachers.[D]students doing well in study are not reluctant to be teachers.30.All can be concluded BUT.[A]teaching in U.S.A needs a certificate.[B]the more outstanding one is,the more likely he is to choose teaching.[C]American public-school teachers are paid in proportion to experience and years of schooling.[D]increase in teacher's salaries is to attract more qualified candidates to teaching.Text3The Nobel prize in economics had a difficult birth.It was createdin1969to mimic thefive prizes initiated under Alfred Nobel's will. These had already been around for68years,andpurists fought hard to stop the newcomer.Some members of the Royal Swedish Academy ofSciences still dismiss economics as unscientific,and its prize as not a proper Nobel.Earlywinners were among the prize's fiercest critics.Gunnar Myrdal,who shared the award in1974,said the prize ought to be abolished(but he did not return the money).Milton Friedman,winnerin1976,doubted the ability of a few people in Stockholm to make decisions respected aroundthe world.By the1990s,the Nobel committee had gained a reputation for intransigence.Gary Becker won only after a flood of nominations forced the cabal in Stockholm to act.The father of game theory won only after Mr.Nash's sudden recovery from paranoid schizophrenia,though the disease had no bearing on the quality of his work,the best of which was done beforehe became ill.Robert Lucas received a prize that many economists believed he should have hadmuch earlier.In1998,the prize became the subject of countless jokes after the collapse of Long-Term Capital Management,a hedge-fund firm whose founders included Robert Mertonand Myron Scholes,the1997 Nobel laureates.The Merton/Scholes choice also highlighted another enduring problem with the prize:untimely deaths.Fischer Black, co-originator of the options-pricing model for which MessrsMerton and Scholes were recognised,died a year too soon to join his collaborators on st year,many economists hoped that ZviGriliches,a noted econometrician who wasunquestionably deserving of the prize,and was suffering from a long illness,would win.He didnot, and died soon afterwards.Because the prize came into being so late, there is still a backlogof elderly luminaries waiting to be recognised. Paul Samuelson,one of the younger winners,and Mr Becker,who was a friend of Griliches,want the committee to take old age explicitlyinto account.The committee could also cast its net more widely across the profession.Almost ail the laureates are also theoreticians;advances in empirical work and applications in the past two decades have yet to be paid due respect,a fact bemoaned by Mr Becker.Mr Samuelson adds that the economics committee's selection methods have excessively mimicked those used for the prizes in natural sciences: "If the right apple fell on your head,and you saw it,then you got the prize.But if you had a lifetime of excellence in all branches of physics,you didn't get it."31.From the first paragraph,we learned that.[A]the Nobel prize in economics was created under Alfred Nobel's will.[B]Gunnar Myrdal was one of the Nobel prize winners in economics.[C]Milton Friedman refused to accept the prize.[D]the Nobel committee had not the ability to make decisions.32.We can learn from the text that about the winners of the Nobel prize in economics during1990s,.[A]Gary Becker won the prize after he forced the committee to act.[B]Mr Nash's illness delayed his receiving of the prize.[C]obert Lucas received the prize earlier than expected.[D]Robert Merton and Myron Scholes played jokes on the prize.33.According to the text,the author's attitude toward Nobel prize in economics is.[A]doubtful.[B]positive.[C]hostile.[DJ indifferent.34.From the third paragraph,we learn that.[A]Fisher Black did not live long enough to win the Nobel prize.[B]the Nobel committee will soon take old age into account.[C]younger people are more likely to win the prize.[D]Zvi Griliches won the prize after he died.35.In the last paragraph of the text,Mr Samuelson's attitude toward the economics committee's selection methods is.[A]critical.[B]approving.[C]angry.[D]ironic.Text4In America alone,tipping is now a$16billion-a-year industry-all the more surprising since it is a behavioural oddity.Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service,Tips,which are voluntary,above and beyond a service's contracted cost,and delivered afterwards,should not exist.So why do they?The conventional wisdom is that tips both reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality.The better the service,the bigger the tip.A paper analysing data from2,547groups dining at20different restaurants shows that the correlation between larger tips and better service was very weak:only a tiny part of the variability in the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service.Customers who rated a meal as"excellent"still tipped anywhere between8%and 37%of the meal price.Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics.In America,the custom hasbecome institutionalised:it is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service.In a New Yorkrestaurant, failing to tip at least15%could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers canexpect to get15-20%,the man who delivers your groceries$2.In Europe,tipping is lesscommon;in many restaurants, discretionary tipping is being replaced by a standard servicecharge. In many Asian countries,tipping has never really caught on at all.How to account for these national differences?Look no further than psychology.According to Michael Lynn,the Cornell paper'sco-author,countries in which people are moreextrovert,sociable orneurotic tend to tip more.Tipping relieves anxiety about being served bystrangers:And,says'Mr Lynn,"in America,where people are outgoing and expressive,tippingis about social approval.If you tip badly,people think less of you.Tipping well is a chance to show off." Icelanders,by contrast,do not usually tip-a measure of their introversion and lackof neuroses,no doubt.While such explanations may be crude,the hard truth seems to be that tipping does notwork.It does not benefit the customer.Nor,in the case of restaurants,does it actuallyincentivise the waiter,or help the restaurant manager to monitor and assess his staff.The cry ofstingy tippers that service people should"just be paid a decent wage"may actually makeeconomic sense.36.From the text we learn that Americans.[A]are willing to give tips because they love the practice.[B]like to givetips to service people to help them financially.[C]are reluctant to give tips,but they still do so.[D]are giving less and less tips.37.According to Paragraph3,we learn that.[A]tips are voluntary in America.[B]people don't tip in Europe.[C]tipping is rare in many Asian countries.[D]tipping is now popular in Iceland.38.According to Michael Lynn,.[A]nervous people do not usually tip.[B]A merican people are anxious.[C]Icelanders don't like to show off.[D]people will ignore you if you tip bakly.39.The text indicates that in America.[A]customers tip8%to37%of the meal price if a meal was "excellent".[B]a waiter can abuse a customer if he fails to tip15%.[C]the amount of tipping is standardized with different services.[D]the man who carry groceries for you can expect to get15-20%.40.According to the text,the author believes that in America.[A]the better the service,the bigger the tip.[BI tips can reward the effort of good service.[C]tips can reduce feelings of inequality.[D]tips cannot prompt better service.Part B(20%)slation shouM be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2(主观答题纸).(41)There are plenty of grim statistics about childhood in the Third World.showing thatthe journey for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world,children can suffer from adifferent kind of poverty-of the spirit.For instance,one Western country alone now sees14,000attempted suicides every year by children under15,and one child in five needsprofessional psychiatric counselling.There are many good things about childhood in the Third World.Take the close andconstant contact between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours.In the West,the very nature of work puts distance between adults and children.(42)But itl most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to do abstract work in offices,shuffling paper to make money mysteriously appear in banks.Instead.the child sees mother an(t father,relations and neighbours working nearby,and often shares in that work.A child growing up in this way learns his or her role through participating in the community's work:helping to dig or build,plant or water,tend to animals or look after babies-rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten,building with construction toys,keeping pets or playing with dolls.(43)These children may grow up with a less oppressive limitation of space and time than their Western counterparts.Set days and times are few and self-explanatory,determined mostly by the rhythm of the seasons and the different jobs they bring.(44)A child in the rich world,on the other hand.is provided with a wrist-watch as one of the earliest symbols of~owing up.so that he or she can worry,along with their parents about being late for school times,meal times clinic times,bed times,the times of TV shows……;Third World children are not usually cooped up indoors,still less in high-rise apartments.Instead of fenced-off play areas,dangerous roads,'keep off the grass'signs and'don't speak tostrangers',there is often a sense of freedom to play.(45)Parents can see theirchildren outsiderather than observe them anxiously from ten floors up.And other adults in the community canusually be counted on to be caring rather than indifferent or threatening.Of course twelve million children under five still die every year through malnutrition anddisease.But children in the Third World is not all bad.Section m Writing(30%)Teachers often consider some students as good students.What do you think good studentsare like?Describe the characteristics of good students according to your own opinion.Provideone or two examples where necessary.You may also need to use knowledge in education andpsychology to support your argument.You shouM write240-280words. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET2(主观答题纸).[供报考学科教学（英语）专业考生使用][A卷]答案：e of English（10%）01.B02.D03.A04.C05.A06.C07.D08.C09.A 10.D11.B12.B13.C14.D15.A16.B17.A18.C19.A 20.CII.Reading comprehension（60%）21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A26.C27.A28.C29.C 30.B31.B32.B33.A34.A35.A36.C37.C38.C39.C 40.DPart B（20%）41.有关第三世界儿童成长的大量统计资料令人担忧。

Test OneSection A-Section B1C ／2D ／3D ／4C ／5D ／6D ／7C ／8A／9B ／10C ／11C ／12B ／13A／14A／15B ／16A／17D ／18B ／19C ／20CSection CPart A1. a bright light2. face masks3. frightened4. piece of metal5. kind of souvenirPart B6. Italy7. four English victories, four ties8. 70,0009. at the 52nd minute10. 107Part C11C ／12A／13CPart D14D ／15C ／16B ／17E ／18ATest TwoSection A-Section B1C ／2A／3B ／4D ／5C ／6B ／7D ／8C ／9D ／10B ／11C ／12C ／13D ／14B ／15B ／16D ／17C ／18D ／19A／20BSection CPart A1. snow showers2. more consistent snowfall3. cloudy4. rain showers5. 89 degreesPart B6. at least 324 square miles7. an important earthquakes source8. magnitude, depth, the surface structures9. $358 million10. once every 500-2,000 yearsPart C11B ／12D ／13APart D14A／15B ／16C ／17ATest ThreeSection A-Section B1A／2D ／3B ／4D ／5B ／6B ／7D ／8D ／9C ／10D ／11C ／12C ／13B ／14D ／15A／16C ／17C ／18B ／19D ／20CSection CPart A1. on a picnic2. looking for firewood3. slowly as possible4. two small incisions / cuts5. the hospital overnightPart B6. early Saturday7. a merchant vessel8. mechanical problem9. 2910. immigrant smugglingPart C11D ／12B ／13APart D14C ／15A／16DTest FourSection A-Section B1B ／2C ／3B ／4A／5D ／6A／7C ／8C ／9C ／10C ／11B ／12C ／13C ／14D ／15C ／16D ／17A／18D ／19D ／20CSection CPart A1. a cooperation agreement2. broadband communications network3. negotiations and discussions4. technologies, management expertise5. responsible departmentsPart B6. a young architect7. old and lovely8. very frightened9. write his ghost a letter10. they lived happily togetherPart C11C ／12B ／13A／14DPart D15A／16C ／17DTest FiveSection A-Section B1B ／2C ／3D ／4C ／5D ／6A／7B ／8D ／9A／10D ／11B ／12B ／13A／14D ／15C ／16C ／17D ／18C ／19A／20DSection CPart A1. write2. a VCR3. purchase stolen goods4. get a bargain5. more theftsPart B6. with an enthusiastic smile7. he gave a lively commentary8. they smiled9. his dream was in jeopardy10. emotional intelligencePart C11A／12B / 13A / 14BPart D15A／16D ／17C ／18ATest SixSection A-Section B1C ／2A／3D ／4B ／5A／6C ／7C ／8A／9B ／10D ／11B ／12B ／13D ／14C ／15B ／16A／17A／18B ／19A／20BSection CPart A1. swept by emotion2. change a bad mood / change bad moods3. deal with / relieve4. more positive light5. distractionPart B6. a positive attitude7. gathering of enthusiasm, zeal, confidence8. clear goals, optimistic, can do attitude9. the situation, not themselves10. with effort and practicePart C11A／12A／13B ／14CPart D15B ／16D ／17B ／18CTest SevenSection A-Section B1C ／2B ／3C ／4C ／5A／6D ／7A／8D ／9D ／10B ／11B ／12A／13C ／14D ／15D ／16A／17A／18B ／19C ／20CSection CPart A1. delay impulse2. children / kids / preschoolers3. two fruit reward4. pursuing their goals5. through practicePart B6. others feel7. subtle, almost imperceptible8. academic I.Q. tests9. reliable networks10. interpersonal skills / emotional intelligencePart C11D ／12D ／13B ／14CPart D15C ／16C ／17D ／18ATest EightSection A-Section B1C ／2D ／3D ／4B ／5D ／6B ／7B ／8A／9D ／10A／11A／12C ／13A／14D ／15A／16D ／17C ／18C ／19D ／20ASection CPart A1. a good name2. unmarried mothers3. teenager drug abuse4. cultural influences5. sense of shamePart B6. to get comfort7. an adventurous and independent woman8. a master's degree in linguistics9. search and rescue work10. 100 times greaterPart C11D ／12C ／13A／14CPart D15C / 16A / 17B / 18DTest NineSection A-Section B1D ／2C ／3D ／4B ／5A／6C ／7A／8C ／9B ／10D ／11A／12D ／13A／14D ／15C ／16A／17C ／18C ／19B ／20DSection CPart A1. entertaining and constructive2. his marriage3. in 19654. vigorously condensing / focusing on essentials5. in 19 languagesPart B6. forgetting about calories7. a doctor8. that on the package's label9. 25 percent10. a strong willpower and persistencePart C11C / 12C / 13A / 14DPart D15B / 16B / 17D / 18DTest T enSection A-Section B1B ／2A／3D ／4C ／5C ／6B ／7A／8C ／9A／10D ／11B ／12C ／13A／14D ／15B ／16B ／17B ／18C ／19C ／20BSection CPart A1. the video tape recorder2. more efficient3. more than doubled4. rising Japanese company5. repeatable and editablePart B6. a dozen silicon chips7. creating the microprocessor8. by advertising in Electronic News9. the heart of computers10. a consultant in patent casesPart C11A / 12C / 13B / 14DPart D15B / 16C / 17D / 18C。

绝密★启用前2016年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（浙江卷）选择题部分（共80分）第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：单项填空（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分）从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

【B】1. —Are you sure you’re ready for the test?—_________. I’m well prepared for it.A. I’m afraid notB. No problemC. Hard to sayD. Not really 【D】2. ______ prize for the winner of the competition is ______ two-week holiday in Paris.A. The; 不填B. A; 不填C. A; theD. The; a【A】3. In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from ______ in the UK.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it【C】4. It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______.A. conditionB. incomeC. creditD. status【C】5. _______ online shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects have been positive.A. SinceB. AfterC. WhileD. Unless【B】6. That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help .______, he’s reliable.A. Or elseB. In shortC. By the wayD. For one thing 【B】7. The study suggests that the cultures we grow up ______ influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.A. onB. inC. atD. about【A】8. We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us.A. divideB. rejectC. controlD. abandon 【A】9. Silk _______ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.A. had becomeB. was becomingC. has becomeD. is becoming【D】10. To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study _______ in Australia in 2012.A. having conductedB. to be conductedC. conductingD. conducted 【B】11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of _______ has been proved.A. whomB. whichC. whatD. that【C】12. When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt ______ from the world.A. carried awayB. broken downC. cut offD. brought up 【D】13. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, ______ if you are travelling at high speed.A. eventuallyB. strangelyC. merelyD. especially 【C】14. When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that _______ my interest.A. limitedB. reservedC. reflectedD. spoiled【D】15. Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths _______ since their highest in 2005.A. had not fallenB. would not fallC. did not fallD. would not have fallen【A】16. In this article, you need to back up general statements with ________ examples.A. specificB. permanentC. abstractD. universal 【C】17. George ________ too far. His coffee is still warm.A. must have goneB. might have goneC. can’t have goneD. needn’t have gone【D】18. I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the coming years.A. little moreB. no moreC.much moreD.many more 【A】19. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students.A. workingB. workC. to workD. worked【B】20. —The movie start at 8:30, and we can have a quick bite before we go.— . See you at 8:10.A. So longB. Sounds greatC. Good luckD. Have a good time第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21～40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Part I Single Choices1.Which of the following is WRONG according to the principle ofcollecting specimen ? BA. Specimen should be collected timely and during the “window period”B. Specimen should be collected after antibioticsC. Avoid contaminating the specimenD. Specimen should be kept at appropriate temperature2.Uncontrolled growth, invasion and B are 3 malignant 恶性的properties of cancer.A. AbnormalB. Metastasis转移C. TransformationD. Prognosis预后3.Which one is NOT included in Routine Blood Chemsitry Items? CA. Magnesium 镁B. LDL cholesterol低密度胆固醇C. Aldosterone 醛固酮D. Creatinine肌酸酐3.Holter monitor is a small portable device with a recording systemcapable of storing up to 24 hours of B recordings.A. EKGB. Echocardiography超声心动C. AngiographyD. PCI4.Lipid profile does NOT include DA. Total cholesterol (TC)B. Triglyceride (TG)C. LDL-CD. Troponin I 肌钙蛋白5.Which one is NOT the trend of modern surgery DA. Diagnostic SurgeryB. Robotic SurgeryC. TransplantationD. Microinvasive Surgery微创外科6.angio- in（angiitis, angioplasty, angioma）means:A 血管A. vesselB. bloodC. lymphD. heart7.neuro- in（neurology, neuritis, neurosurgery）means:AA. nerveB. muscleC. brainD. spleen8.ectomy 切除术in（appendectomy, gastrectomy, hepatectomy）means:BA. inflammationB. removeC. openD. close9.Acute abdomen includes follows EXCEPT CA. Ectopic pregnancy 宫外孕B. Acute appendicitis急性阑尾炎C. Chronic cholecystitisD. Rupture of liverPart II Simple Questions1.What is core content of clinical thinking?Make determined diagnosis2.Why we need clinical thinking?1)Clinical diagnosis is the basic medical practice of physicians2)Proper diagnosis is the basis and premise of treatment3)The quality of clinical diagnosis and treatment is influenced by the service philosophy, professional knowledge and technic, clinical experience, ancillary equipment and so on.4)The results of misdiagnosis and mistreatment are serious: patients’ life and health is menaced, the doctors’ morality and justi ce is sullied How to use the methods of clinical thinking?1 diagnostic thinking:(1)history taking;(2)physical examination;(3)hypothesis of diagnosis;(4)developing a differential diagnosis;(5)searching the evidence;(6)select the related lab.tests and other techniques;2therapeutic thinking:3.What’s your opinion about Complete Doctor?First, they must be qualified doctors who have basic capabilities includingbasic story ,basic knowledge and basic skills and basic attitudes as follows:1)lifelong learning: recognizing medical learning is endless, to seriouslystudy.2)Responsibility: sense of justice and responsible for due diligence.3)An inquiring attitude: the patient mentors ,from human4)Open heart open minded5)Respect: respect your exposure to any one person,whatever hisorigin,status,wealth.6)The uncertainty in the ability to learn7)The accumulated experience and proficiencySecond, they must try their best to be good doctors who possess profound knowledge, exquisite medical skills and humanity.Third,they also need to qialify excellent personal qualities:1)to have modest ,diligent study of the spirit2)must be diligent with the brain,good at summing up3)observation4)imagination5)logical thinking, organizational skills, to avoid subjective judgementsForth, they must observe medical code of ethics1)as a doctor, they should always be for the interests of the patients, doeverything possible to relieve pain for patients: life-saving humanitarian 2)respect the patient’s personality and the right to treat patients equallyregardless of nationality ,gender, occupation, status, property status3)polite service. Dignified manners, language, civilization, the affable,sympathetic, caring and considerate of patients;4)integrity. Consciously abide by the law, do not accept patients with a redenvelope, dinner, not to patients or their families borrowed money and borrowed material;5)not to disclose patient privacy and confidentiality;6)to correctly handle the relationship between peer colleagues,mutual learning, solidarity and cooperation;7)rigorous and realistic, to forge ahead, to study medicine, and excellence.Constantly update their knowledge and improve skills.1.心肌梗死MI (myocardial infarction)；2.主治医生attending doctor；Resident physician 住院医师；3.哮喘asthma4.致癌作用Carcinogenic effect选择题：1、镭的发现之一是居里夫人，原名叫玛丽·斯可罗多夫斯卡2、词根前缀neutro 什么意思？中性3、词根后缀tachy什么意思？急速，加速，快速4、词根后缀ostomy什么意思？造瘘术，造口术5、心肌损伤标志物：1.心肌酶谱检测：天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）肌酸激酶（CK）肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）2．心肌蛋白检测：肌红蛋白（MYO）肌钙蛋白（CTn）C反应蛋白3.心肌血管标记物检测：4. 利钠肽（NP）：ANP：心钠素BNP：脑钠素CNP:C型利钠肽VNP:V-型利钠肽DNP: D-型利钠肽问答题：1、PET的临床应用答:其在临床主要用于肿瘤的早期定性诊断、分期和疗效评价,心肌细胞活性的判断,以及脑代谢与神经功能的研究。

英语考博试题及答案一、词汇与结构（共20分）1. The _______ of the project will depend on the availability of funds.A) initiationB) implementationC) terminationD) qualification答案：B2. Despite his _______ efforts, he failed to convince the committee.A) trivialB) futileC) sincereD) superficial答案：C3. The _______ of the new policy has been widely discussed in the media.A) implicationsB) complicationsC) ramificationsD) repercussions答案：A4. She is a _______ of her father, showing great talent in music.A) descendantB) successorC) inheritorD) progeny答案：C5. The _______ of the old building was a significant event in the community.A) demolitionB) renovationC) constructionD) destruction答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分）阅读下列短文，然后回答问题。

Passage 1The rise of the internet has transformed the way we communicate, learn, and do business. It has opened up new opportunities and challenges for individuals and organizations alike.6. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The history of the internet.B) The impact of the internet on society.C) The technical aspects of the internet.D) The future of the internet.答案：B7. What does the author imply about the internet?A) It has only positive effects.B) It has both opportunities and challenges.C) It is a threat to traditional businesses.D) It is outdated and no longer relevant.答案：BPassage 2In recent years, there has been a growing interest in renewable energy sources due to environmental concerns and the need for sustainable development.8. What is the main reason for the interest in renewable energy?A) Economic benefits.B) Environmental concerns.C) Technological advancements.D) Government policies.答案：B9. What can be inferred from the passage?A) Renewable energy is widely adopted.B) Renewable energy is too expensive.C) There is a need for sustainable development.D) Environmental concerns are a recent issue.答案：C三、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

博士专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "sustainability" refers to the ability to endure over the long haul.A) TrueB) False2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of sustainable development?A) Economic growthB) Environmental protectionC) Social equityD) Unlimited resource consumption3. The phrase "paradigm shift" in academic writing often refers to:A) A change in the weatherB) A fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptionsC) A minor adjustment in perspectiveD) A change in political leadership4. The concept of "ecosystem services" is associated with which field of study?A) EconomicsB) EcologyC) SociologyD) Political science5. In the context of climate change, "mitigation" refers to:A) Adapting to the effects of climate changeB) Reducing greenhouse gas emissionsC) Planting more treesD) Moving populations to less affected areas6. The term "peer review" in academic publishing is a process where:A) Authors review each other's workB) Journal editors review all submissionsC) Experts in the field evaluate and critique manuscriptsD) The public reviews and comments on published articles7. Which of the following is not a type of renewable energy?A) Solar powerB) Wind powerC) Nuclear powerD) Hydroelectric power8. The "Kyoto Protocol" is an international treaty linked to:A) Biodiversity conservationB) Climate changeC) International tradeD) Space exploration9. "Circular economy" is a model of production and consumption that:A) Encourages the use of non-renewable resourcesB) Minimizes waste and promotes recyclingC) Focuses on mass production and consumptionD) Ignores the environmental impact of production10. The "Precautionary Principle" in environmental policy suggests that:A) Action should be taken only after full scientific certainty is achievedB) Scientific uncertainty should not be used as a reason to postpone measures to prevent harmC) Environmental policies should be based solely on economic considerationsD) Environmental harm should be accepted as a cost of economic growth二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The process of converting light energy into chemical energy in plants is known as __________.12. The greenhouse effect is primarily caused by the accumulation of __________ gases in the atmosphere.13. In a __________ economy, the goal is to minimize waste and make the most of resources.14. The term "biodiversity" refers to the variety of life in all its forms and levels of __________.15. The __________ Principle states that it is better to be safe than sorry when it comes to potential harm to the environment.16. The __________ is a global environmental facility that provides grants for projects that benefit the global environment.17. The __________ is a set of international rules for the trade and use of hazardous chemicals and pesticides.18. "Eco-friendly" products are designed to have the leastpossible __________ on the environment.19. The __________ is a measure of the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted directly or indirectly by human activities.20. The __________ is a branch of environmental science concerned with the study of the total environment of a given area, both physical and biological.三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）21. Define the term "sustainable development" and explain its three main pillars.22. What are the key components of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?23. Describe the role of "stakeholders" in the context of corporate social responsibility (CSR).24. Explain the concept of "ecological footprint" and why it is important for environmental conservation.四、论述题（每题25分，共50分）25. Discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with the transition to a low-carbon economy.26. Critically evaluate the effectiveness of international environmental agreements in addressing global environmental issues.五、翻译题（共30分）27. Translate the following paragraph from English to Chinese (15 points):"Environmental degradation, loss of biodiversity, and climate change are three of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today. The need for sustainable solutionsthat balance economic growth, social development, and environmental protection is more urgent than ever."28. Translate the following paragraph from Chinese to English (15 points):"可持续发展是指在不损害后代满足其需求的能力的前提下，满足当代人的需求。

2016年浙江专升本英语考试真题全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Big English Exam AdventureHi there! My name is Xiaoming and I'm 10 years old. I just had the craziest experience taking a really important English exam called the 2016 Zhejiang Associate's Degree Admission English Exam. It was super tough but I tried my best!The exam was last Saturday morning. My mom woke me up at 6am which is sooo early for a kid like me on a weekend. But she said I had to get up because the exam started at 8:30am and we didn't want to be late. I groggily got out of bed, put on my school uniform, and had a quick breakfast of congeebaba (that's what I call congee and Chinese doughnuts).Then my dad drove me to the exam site which was at a big university downtown. There were so many other students there, mostly older teenagers. I felt really small compared to them! We had to go through security checks to get inside the exam room. The rules were very strict - no cheating at all was allowed. I was really nervous!Finally, it was time to begin the exam. The proctor passed out the test booklets and I heard the rustling of papers all around me as we opened them up. The first section was listening comprehension. Some English dialogues and passages were played over the speakers and we had to answer multiple choice questions about what we heard. This part was pretty okay for me since my English listening isn't too bad.Next up was the reading section and this was super hard! The passages were sooo long and had all these big vocabulary words I didn't know. There were questions about the main ideas, details, inferences, and even askingwhat certain phrases meant. I'm usually a good reader but I struggled a lot with this part. I just tried my best to understand as much as I could.We then had a break for lunch. I scurried out of the exam room and my mom had a boxed lunch waiting for me with some fried rice, veggies, and my favorite - beef meatballs! I inhaled it pretty quick since we only had 30 minutes for lunch. Some students looked super stressed out but I tried not to let it bother me too much.After lunch was the writing section and I was pretty confident for this part. The first writing task was just a short paragraph about my favorite hobby. Easy peasy! I wrote all abouthow I love playing basketball and shooting hoops with my friends. For the second task, we had to write a longer essay agreeing or disagreeing with an opinion. I chose to disagree with the opinion that "success is more important than effort." I wrote all about how I think it's the effort that really counts and used examples from how I study hard for tests like this one.The very last part was speaking, which I was a little nervous about. We had to go one-by-one into a separate room and have a conversation with a test grader about different topics. The grader asked me some warm-up questions about my family and hobbies. Then they showed me a picture of some kids doing experiments and asked me to describe what I saw, which was pretty straightforward. Finally, they asked my opinion on whether grades or hands-on learning was more important. I gave a balanced response saying both ways have their merits.Phew, that was it! I walked out of therewith my brain feeling like a balloon thathadjust been deflated.Buthad a big smile on my face knowing I had given it my all. My parents greeted me so proudly when I emerged.On the way home, we stopped for ice cream to celebrate me making it through the exam. I got anice big scoop of strawberryand one of chocolate sauce too! The cold, sweet treat really hit the spot after such a mentally exhausting day.A few weeks later, my results came in the mail and I was overjoyed to see that I passed!All that hard work and perseverance paid off. The exam was one of the toughest things I've ever done, but I proved to myself that I could overcome a big challenge through determination and effort.So there you have it, that's my big exam adventure! It was hard but I made it through. I'm really proud of myself but also glad it's over haha. If you ever have to take a huge test like that, just do your best and don't give up. Let me know if you have any other questions! Thanks for reading!篇2The Big Test DayToday was the big English test! Mama woke me up really early and made me a big breakfast with eggs, rice and veggies to get me ready. She said I needed lots of energy for my brain today.I got dressed in my nicest school uniform with the blue shorts and white shirt.When we got to the school, there were sooo many students there. Hundreds! All the desks were set up in the biggest room I've ever seen. It looked like a giant's dining room. I saw some of my friends from class and we got to sit together which made me feel better. The teachers were very serious though and kept shushing everyone.Finally, the head teacher came out and told us to get our pencils ready. She had a loud voice that could probably be heard all the way across the field during PE class. She said this was a very important test and we all needed to try our best. Then she handed out the test papers. They were at least twenty pages thick! My heart started beating really fast.The first section was listening. A voice came on over the speakers telling us to listen carefully and mark our answers on the sheet. It was talking about shopping at the grocery store and asking questions like "How many apples did John buy?" and "What did the cashier say?" It was hard to catch everything, but I did my best. Mama always takes me grocery shopping with her so at least I knew some of the words.Next was the reading section and that was really tough. There were so many long passages about science and history. I'm good at reading comics and kid novels, but textbook language isway harder. I read slowly and tried to understand as much as I could. For the ones I didn't understand, I had to guess if the answer was A, B, C or D based on the words I did know.Writing was after that and we had to write an essay about our favorite activities. That was fun because I love drawing and riding my bike with my friends. I got to write all about the cool pictures I like to make and how I've gotten better at bunny hops and wheelies lately. Essays are my favorite part of English because I get to share my stories.Grammmar was probably my worst section though. The questions asked us to pick the right verb tenses or fix the pronoun errors in sentences. I find that stuff super confusing with all the rules. I just had to go with my gut feeling on a lot of them. Mama is always correcting me when I say "Her go to park yesterday" so I tried my best.Finally, we got to the speaking part at the end. One by one, we had to go to the front and pick a topic for the teacher to ask us questions about. I picked sports because I know a lot about basketball, soccer and badminton from PE class. The teacher asked stuff like "What are some popular sports?" and "Why do you like playing sports?" I think I did pretty well because I could use simple words I know really well.Phew! After what felt like daaays, we finally got to turn in our test papers. My hand was so sore from all that writing and bubbling in the answers. As I walked out with my classmates, I felt both tired and relieved. That was soooo much work, but I did my very best. Mama said she was proud of me no matter what my score was. Now I just have to wait for the results. Hopefully I did well enough to go to the good university!篇3My Exciting Adventure at the 2016 Zhejiang College Entrance ExamHi everyone! Today I want to tell you about my incredible experience at the 2016 Zhejiang College Entrance Exam. It was such a big event, and I was so excited to be a part of it!First, let me tell you a little bit about the exam. It was an English test for adults who wanted to go to college. Can you believe that? Grown-ups taking a test just like us! It was held in Zhejiang province, and people from all over the place came to take it.Now, let's talk about the exam itself. It had different parts, and the first part was all about reading. We had to read a passage and answer questions about it. The funny thing is, someof the questions were about cats and dogs. I love animals, so I thought that was pretty cool!Then came the listening part. They played some recordings, and we had to listen carefully and answer questions. I had to concentrate really hard because some of the recordings were a bit tricky. But I did my best, just like I do in my English classes at school.After that, we had to write an essay. The topic was "My Dream Vacation." I wrote about going to the beach with my family. I talked about building sandcastles, swimming in the ocean, and eating ice cream. It made me want to go on vacation right away!The last part of the exam was speaking. We had to talk to an examiner about different topics. I was a little nervous at first, but the examiner was really nice. We talked about my hobbies, my favorite food, and even my future plans. I told them I want to be a doctor when I grow up. They seemed impressed!Overall, the exam was a lot of fun. I got to meet new people and show off my English skills. It made me feel proud of all the hard work I've put into learning English. And guess what? I even got a certificate at the end to show that I took the exam. I can't wait to show it to my friends!So, that's the story of my exciting adventure at the 2016 Zhejiang College Entrance Exam. It was a day full of reading, listening, writing, and speaking. I learned a lot and had a great time. Maybe one day, when I'm all grown up, I'll take a test like that and go to college too!I hope you enjoyed hearing about my experience. Remember, studying and working hard can lead to amazing opportunities. Keep learning and dreaming big!篇4The Big Kids' Super Hard Test DayOh boy, that was a crazy day! My big sister Lily had to take this massive test called the "Zhejiang Academic Examination for Upgrading from Junior College to Undergraduate Education." That's a really long name, so let's just call it the "Big Kid Test."Lily is super smart and studies really hard at her junior college. She wants to go to a great university next year. But first, she had to pass this Big Kid Test. It's supposed to be super duper difficult!The day started off pretty normal. Lily got up really early, like before the sun was even awake! She put on her lucky purple shirtand her favorite jeans. For breakfast, she had veggie scrambled eggs and whole wheat toast. Yuck! I'd rather have chocolate chip pancakes.Then Lily double and triple checked that she had everything - pencils, erasers, calculator, admission ticket, identity card. She made sure her backpack was all packed up and ready to go. I helped carry it to the door because it looked super heavy with all her books and stuff.My parents kept telling Lily not to worry and just to do her best. But I could see she looked a little nervous. Her hands were shaking a tiny bit as she drank her orange juice. I gave her a big hug and told her she was gonna ace that test!Finally, it was time to leave. Mom, Dad, and I all walked Lily to the exam center at her junior college. There were so many Big Kids there, all looking nervous too. Some of their parents gave them last minute pep talks. Others had these focused, determined looks on their faces. Lily joined the long line to get inside.The test was split into two parts - the morning session and the afternoon session. The morning had listening, reading, and writing sections. Lily said those were challenging but okay. She got a little break for lunch, but not too long.Then it was time for the afternoon session - translation and composition writing. Yikes! That sounds crazy hard. But Lily had been preparing by practicing translation passages and essay writing for months. I'm sure she nailed it.When Lily finally emerged from the exam room, she looked beat. Her hair was a mess and her shirt was untucked. But she had this big smile on her face. Mom and Dad hugged her and I jumped up to give her a high five. She did it!We went out for Lily's favorite dumplings that night to celebrate. She deserved it after that monster of a test day. I don't know if I'll ever be able to handle an exam like that. Lily is my hero!A couple months later, the results came out. Lily did amazing and got a super high score! She can apply to all the best universities now. I'm so proud of her for working so hard.The 2016 Big Kid Test was no joke. But my brilliant sister tackled it like a champion. I look up to her so much. Maybe in a few years when I'm a Big Kid too, I can follow in Lily's footsteps and knock that test out of the park!篇5The Big English Exam for Grown-UpsHi there! My name is Amy, and I'm a 10-year-old student in the fifth grade. I love learning new things, especially when it comes to English. It's such a fun language to learn, with lots of cool words and interesting stories.Today, I want to share with you something really exciting that happened last year. It's all about a super-duper important exam that my older cousin, Lily, had to take. She was trying to get into a really good college, but she had to pass this big English test first. It's called the 2016 Zhejiang College Entrance Examination for English Language Learners.Let me tell you all about it!Lily is 18 years old and has been studying English since she was a little kid, just like me. She's really good at it, but this exam was no joke. It was like the ultimate challenge for all the grown-ups who wanted to go to college.The exam had four parts: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Lily had to show that she could understand spoken English, read and comprehend difficult texts, writewell-organized essays, and even have conversations in English. Whew, that's a lot of stuff to remember!But you know what? Lily was totally prepared. She had been studying like crazy for months, reading English books, watching movies and shows in English, and practicing her speaking skills with her English teacher. She even made flashcards to help her learn new vocabulary words.When the big day finally arrived, Lily was a little nervous, but she was also really excited. She woke up super early, had a healthy breakfast, and headed to the exam center with her lucky pencil case.The listening part was first. Lily had to listen to recordings of people talking and answer questions about what they said. It was tough, but she stayed focused and tried her best.Next up篇6The Big English TestHi there! My name is Lily and I'm in 5th grade. I just took a really important English test last weekend. It was the 2016 Zhejiang exam for vocational college students trying to upgrade to a bachelor's degree program. I'm still just a kid, but my older brother Xiao Ming is one of those vocational college students.He asked me to take the test for him since my English is better than his. I figured why not, it could be fun!The test had four sections - listening, reading, writing, and translation. We had to answer multiple choice questions and also write some essays and translate passages between English and Chinese. Here's how it all went down:ListeningThe listening part was pretty tough! We had to listen to recordings of conversations and lectures, then answer comprehension questions about the main ideas and details. Some of the topics were really advanced, like bioengineering and economic policies. How am I supposed to know anything about that stuff? I'm still learning my multiplication tables!There were a couple conversation transcripts that seemed more my speed. One was about two friends deciding what movie to see. Another was coworkers discussing their weekend plans. Those helped me get a few questions right at least. Phew!For the lectures, I just had to take careful notes and look for keywords I recognized like "significant impact" or "fundamental principle." Whenever I heard transition words like "for example" or "in contrast," I knew an important point was coming up. I triedmy best, but I'll be honest - I probably got a lot of those listening questions wrong. Don't be too hard on me, I'm only 10 years old!ReadingNext up was the reading section, and I felt a little more confident here since reading is one of my strengths. We had to read a few passages and answer comprehension questions, just like the listening part. The topics were pretty varied - one was about the history of artificial intelligence, another discussed environmental policies, stuff like that.My strategy was to skim through quickly first to get the main gist. Then I'd go back and read carefully, circling keywords and making notes in the margins. I looked for transition words and examples to identify key points. Whenever I came across words I didn't know, I tried using context clues to figure out the meaning.There were some pretty long vocabulary words like "environmental ramifications" that I've never heard of before. For those, I just had to take my best guess based on the roots I recognize. Overall though, I understood most of the readings since my English reading level is pretty high for my age. The questions were still challenging of course, but I felt good about this section.WritingThen it was time for the writing section - my favorite part! We had to write a few different essays, including an opinion piece about whether social media is good or bad for society. That one was easy for me since my parents are always going on about how social media rots kids' brains these days. I just mimicked some of their main arguments about internet addiction and lack of face-to-face interaction. Hopefully that was convincing enough!We also had to write a proposal for some kind of environmental initiative. That one was harder since I'm honestly not super familiar with environmental policies and regulations. I just tried to use lots of fancy vocabulary words I've learned like "sustainability" and "carbon footprint" and throw in some basic tips about recycling and reducing emissions. Finger's crossed that was sufficient!The last writing task was to summarize the key points from a lecture transcript we had listened to earlier in the test. I did my best to pick out the main arguments and crucialexamples/evidence. My teacher is always reminding me not to go overboard with little details when summarizing, so I tried tojust hit the highlights. Writing has always been my strong suit, so hopefully I aced this part!TranslationLast but not least came the translation section. Oof, this part was brutal! We had to translate passages back and forth between English and Chinese. I'm honestly not sure how I did here. There were so many idiomatic expressions and cultural references that got lost in translation one way or the other.Like for the English to Chinese part, one of the passages was about American football traditions and terminology. Good luck explaining what a "touchdown" or "field goal" is in natural Chinese! I've never even watched a football game before. I just did a very literal, word-for-word type of translation on that one. Fingers crossed it made some kind of sense.The Chinese to English prompts were no easier. We had to translate things like old Chinese proverbs and traditional medicine philosophies. How do you say "yin and yang" or "qi energy" in proper English? Your guess is as good as mine! I just tried to capture the general gist as best I could.Overall, the translation part was by far the most challenging for me. I'm quite fluent in both English and Chinese for my age.But the idiomatic and cultural stuff was really tricky to get right in either language. I have a feeling I dropped the ball a bit on those translation prompts.Phew! Well, that's my play-by-play recap of this crazy important English test I took. I'm honestly not sure how I did overall. The writing was probably my strong point, and I felt pretty good about most of the reading comprehension too. Listening and translation, not so much! But hey, I gave it my best shot.Hopefully my honest efforts were enough for my brother to get a decent score. He'd better do me a favor too if he ends up getting into that bachelor's program! An English test designed for vocational college students was no walk in the park, even for a little kid like me who's totally fluent. If you ever have to take a test like this, good luck! You're gonna need it.。

2016年宁波大学考博英语真题及详解（A卷）SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)American cities are(1)_____other cities around the world.In every country,cities reflect the(2)_____of the culture.Cities contain the very(3)_____aspect of a society:opportunities for education,employment,and entertainment.They also contain the very worst parts of a society: violent crime,racial conflict and poverty.American cities are changing,just(4)_____American society.After World War II,the population of(5)_____large American cities decreased;however the population in many Sun Belt cities___(6)____.Los Angeles and Houston are cities(7)_____ population increased.These population shifts to and from the city(8)_____the changing values of American society.During this time,in the(9)_____1940s and early1950s,city residents became wealthier,more prosperous.They had more children.They needed more(10)_____. They moved out their apartments in the city(11)_____their own homes.They bought houses in the(12)_____,areas near a city where people live.These are areas(13)_____many offices or factories.During the1950s the American"dream"was to have a house on the outskirts.Now things are changing.The children of the people who left the cities in the1950s are now (14)_____.They,(15)_____their parents,want to live in the cities.(16)_____continue to move to cities in the Sun Belt.Cities are(17)_____and the population is increasing in such states as Texas,Florida,and California.Others are moving to more(18)_____cities of the North-east and Midwest,such as Boston,Baltimore and Chicago.Many young professionals,doctors,lawyers, and executives are moving back into the city.They prefer the city(19)_____the suburbs because their jobs are there;they are afraid of the fuel shortage;or they just(20)_____the excitement and opportunities which the city offers.A new class is moving into the cities—a wealthier,more mobile class.1.[A]different from[B]similar to[C]better than[D]worse than2.[A]values[B]worth[C]importance[D]expense3.[A]well[B]good[C]better[D]best4.[A]likely[B]as[D]when5.[A]all[B]most[C]few[D]much6.[A]increased[B]changed[C]decreased[D]lowered7.[A]its[B]which[C]where[D]that8.[A]become[B]reflect[C]gain[D]contain9.[A]late[B]later[C]lately[D]latter10.[A]space[B]spots[C]time[D]food11.[A]buying[B]buy[C]to buy[D]bought12.[A]outskirts[B]downtown[C]districts[D]suburbs13.[A]without[B]with[C]within[D]from14.[A]managers[B]adults[C]parents[D]doctors15.[A]likely[B]like[D]unlike16.[A]Some[B]All[C]Several[D]Lots of17.[A]stretching[B]widening[C]expanding[D]prolonging18.[A]organized[B]famous[C]official[D]established19.[A]than[B]better than[C]rather than[D]to20.[A]win[B]enjoy[C]earn[D]acquire【答案与解析】1.B根据文章第二句的提示，在每个国家，城市都反映着各自国家的文化，此句的句意为，美国的城市和世界上其他的城市一样。