模联印度立场文件Position Paper of India英文版

立场文件（Position Paper）
立场文件是表明本国在所讨论议题上的基本观点和立场的文件。

立场文件最重要的是反映本国对于议题的立场和解决建议，是代表会前研究准备的成果的体现，是评判代表准备的重要依据（决定BP）。

会议需要提交的立场文件数量根据会议的议题数量而定，如果一个委员会有两个议题，就需要提交两份立场文件。

格式：
注：通常PP的排版要求是：
1.长度不超出一页；
2.字体采用Times New Roman, 字号在10磅到12磅之间；
3.页边距为1寸（默认设置）；
4.学校名、国家名要用全称。

内容：
主要根据BG中的导向进行展开，一般包含以下几点：
● 本国在该议题上的立场的总体概况（切合本国利益）以及与议题相关的历史介绍
●该问题对本国的影响
●本国所采取政策与实施这些政策的原因
●本国在相关问题上所签署或批准的决议
●别国的立场与措施对本国的影响
特别注意：
● 用语尽量官方、正式，可以参考BG和官方报告中的用词
● 不用特别强调某一国家的详细信息（如人口、GDP等）
● 举出实例，而不是空谈政策与态度
● 一般采用第三人称表达本国观点（如，The UK believes…）
● 尽量不用采用修辞手法。

模联印度立场文件PositionPaperofIndia英文版范文合集第一篇：模联印度立场文件Position Paper of India英文版Committee: The United Nations Environmental Protection Agency Topic: The Prevention& Control of atmospheric pollution Country: The Republic of India Delegate: Sun Jiangwenxiu&DiYa Atmospheric pollution has become the world's biggestenvironmental problemand increasingly drawn the wide attention of the world.To solve this problem, the United Nations has done a large number of surveys to find the main cause of the pollution and established the UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP)as the world organization of the UNco-ordination to get to grips with pollution in 1972.India has always followed their action and taken some relative measures.As a developing country, with the development of industrial and cities, India has been damaged seriously.Air pollution in India is a serious issue with the major sources fromwood and biomass burning, fuel adulteration, vehicle emission and traffic congestion.Meanwhile, based on the analysis of the environmental actuality, government has drawn up a detailed list of measuresand put forward the control countermeasures for reducing pollution.Such as the promotion of natural gas as a vehicle fuel,encouraging people to use public transport to lessen emissionas well as restricting commercial trucks into the city.Second, India passed onThe Air(Prevention and Control of Pollution)Act to strengthen the force of supervision.Then local organizations establish smoke alarms, so that people know the air quality changes.It is an indisputable fact that an awareness of public environmental protection needs to be enhanced.So, In addition to rev up publicity withadvertisements, the institution of environmental protectionorganizes and encourages afforestation and the protection of forests.All of these methods have made a great effect on pollution.Now, the environmental state is showing signs of improvement.But that’s not enough, India will learn from other countries which conduct well as the United States and Japan.Air pollution is a global problem, it related to every member’s interests.The members must immediately solve it together.India will also develop capabilities to the maximum.第二篇：模联文件写作——立场文件模联会议文件写作——立场文件发表于 2009-11-26 12:12:23 | 作者：模联人 | 6,576 views 环球令德旗下网站，转载请注明出处。

模联立场文件英文范文Model United Nations Position Paper Sample。

The Model United Nations (MUN) is a platform for students to engage in simulated international relations and diplomacy. As delegates representing different countries, it is crucial to understand and articulate our country's position on various global issues. This position paper aims to outline the stance of the delegation of [Country Name] on the topics of [Topic 1] and [Topic 2] to facilitate productive discussions and negotiations during the MUN conference.On the topic of [Topic 1], [Country Name] firmly believes in the importance of [briefly explain the country's stance]. Our country recognizes the need for [mention any relevant international agreements or treaties], and is committed to [mention any specific actions or initiatives taken by the country]. Furthermore, [Country Name] acknowledges the impact of [briefly mention any relevant historical or current events], and is dedicated to finding sustainable solutions to address the issue. It is our belief that [mention any guiding principles or values that shape the country's stance], and we are open to collaborating with other member states to achieve our common goals.Turning to the topic of [Topic 2], [Country Name] holds a strong position on [briefly explain the country's stance]. Our country emphasizes the significance of [mention any relevant regional or global implications], and is dedicated to [mention any specific policies or strategies implemented by the country]. Moreover, [Country Name] recognizes the complexities of [briefly mention any relevant socio-economic or political factors], and is committed to working towards a peaceful and equitable resolution. We firmly believe that [mention any guiding principles or values that shape the country's stance], and are eager to engage in constructive dialogue with our fellow delegates.In conclusion, the delegation of [Country Name] is committed to actively participating in the MUN conference to address the pressing issues of [Topic 1] and [Topic 2]. We are prepared to engage in meaningful discussions, negotiate in good faith, and collaborate with other member states to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes. Ourcountry's stance is rooted in [mention any guiding principles or values], and we are dedicated to contributing to the collective efforts of the international community.In the spirit of diplomacy and cooperation, we look forward to the MUN conference and the opportunity to work together towards a better future for all nations.Thank you.。

Position PaperCountry: The United KingdomCommittee: United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentTopic: The Prospects and Challenges for International Trade in Today's World Delegate Name: Li Zhaoyu, Li ZhichengDelegate School: Air Force Engineering UniversitySince the word “Economic Globalization” was put forward by T. Levy in 1985, it has behaved not only as one of the most important features of today's world economy, but also a significant development tendency of world economy. However, frankly speaking, economic globalization is an undoubtedly rapier for both developing countries and developed ones. On the one hand, the concept of economic globalization is worldwide accepted by almost every country and also regarded as an effective process to rational allocation of production factors and resources, global flow of capital and products, and mostly the economic development all over the world. On the other, many economic problems inevitably come along with the globalization and integration of the world economy, such as trade protectionism, trade imbalance and the financial crisis. Especially every time when financial crisis burst out, huge loss would be brought to the world economy. After the Subprime Crisis left, The former Fed‟s chairman Greenspan said: “one day, when people looking back, they may put American current financial crisis as the worst crisis since the end of World War II.” As far as Britain‟s concerned, under the big picture of economic globalization, there are two aspects of problems can‟t be ignored. On the one hand, financial service industry is of vital importance in economic globalization and international trade. Although every time when the economic crisis burst out the financial industry will suffer huge loss, there are still no effective and sustainable methods to reduce the loss. On the other, along with the arrival of the era of knowledge-driven economy, intellectual capital especially the core technology and intellectual property has become determinant of economic growth, which calls for a rational and fair regulation that suits most of the countries to regulate the use of intellectual capital. Therefore, how to cooperate better with world organizations and many other countries to prevent the financial crisis and raise the level of intellectual property protection to promote economic sustainable development has become a world focus.The United Kingdom is one of the largest economies around the world, being famous for its financial services industry. Since the 1990s, Britain gradually realized an adjustment which makes the financial service industry and the creative industry be the pillars of industrial structure. According to the statistics, in 2007, the output value of financial service industry and creative industry accounted for about 8% of theBritain gross domestic product, including business services, the service industry as a whole accounted for about 75.7% of our GDP. The financial crisis, burst out in 2008, swept across the whole world, brought big influence to British service industry, which let our government realize the limitation of reliance on financial service industry. Since 2009, the Britain government has formulated a serious of development strategies, including creating new economic growth point, transforming and upgrading the traditional industries and adding the input to infrastructure and research which are being around the core industry, to lay the foundation for the sustainable development.In the aspect of the protection of intellectual property, there is no doubt that Britain is the earliest country to protect intellectual property by laws. After 400 years of development, Britain has formed a completed legal system of intellectual property protection. In 1852, Britain established the patent office, which became a governmental institution in 1990. And in 2007 it was renamed as …the protection of intellectual property Bureau‟, which plays a vital role in encouraging innovations and promoting the transformation of technological achievements. Meanwhile Britain also takes efforts to the international intellectual property protection. For example, Britain has participated in many international conventions on intellectual property protection, such as the Patent Cooperation Treaty and the TRIPS.After having a thorough analysis about the situation of global economy under the big background of economic globalization, we, the United Kingdom comes up with the following suggestions with responsibilities:1. Establish a fair and rational global standard to regulate the monitoring of the bank system, in order to make it come true to monitor the capital flow effectively.2. Increase the transparency in the international financial transactions, which is the base of the fair financial exchange.3. Establish a sound international financial system which can guard against risks and control crisis effectively..4. Encourage more countries, especially developing countries, to join the current international organizations such as WTO and IMF, and have talks on international issues together.5. Strengthen the functions of the current international organizations and build a long-acting supervision mechanism by multilateral talk.6. Set up a platform for effective and timely communications among countries, especially between developing countries and developed ones, for the purpose of promoting mutual trust, enhancing trade contacts and sharing successful experience.7. Set up an effective estimation system for venture investment, in order to reduce the risk of financial loss caused by venture investment.8. Perfect the current regulations on intellectual property protection by international cooperation and multilateral talk, in order to make the rules become more rational and suit more countries.9. Stick to the sustainable development of world economy, achieve the economic growth mode transformation and promote the international cooperation between developing countries and developed ones.As is known to all, Britain sticks to the principles of positive and neutral trade. Britain is willing to cooperate with other countries to face the challenges, settle the problems and share our experience. To sum up, Britain believes that with the cooperation among countries, the challenges for international trade can also be opportunities. As one of the permanent state of UN Security Council, Britain has the abilities and responsibilities to make contributions to build a sound future for the world.。

模拟联合国——Model United Nations联合国大会——General Assembly主席团——Members of the Dais主席——The Chair会议指导——Director主席助理——Rapporteur点名——Roll Call国家牌——Placard到——Present确定议题——Setting the Agenda产生发言名单——Open the Speakers’List意向条——Page让渡时间——Yield Time让渡给他国代表——Yield Time to Another Delegate让渡给问题——Yield Time to Questions让渡给评论——Yield Time to comments让渡给主席——Yield Time to the chair问题和动议——Points and Motions动议更改发言时间——Motions to set speaking timeDelegate：I have a motion for setting the speaking time for 90 seconds，since the time is a little bit longer than needed…etc.Motions to suspend the meetingE.g. Delegate：China wants to motion to discuss the problem of…for 15 minute s and each delegate has 30seconds’speaking time。

(or Motion for a 15 minutes u nmoderated caucus…etc.)动议暂时中止正式辩论——动议中止发言——Motions to close the speaking list动议结束辩论——Motions to close debate组织性问题——Point of order咨询性问题——Point of Inquiry个人特权问题——Point of Personal Privilege投票表决——Voting点名表决——Roll Call Vote赞成——yes反对——no弃权——abstain简单多数——Simple majority三分之二多数——Two-thirds majority正式辩论——Formal Debate非正式辩论——Informal Debate有主持核心磋商——Moderated Caucus自有磋商——Unmoderated Caucus立场文件——Position Paper工作文件——Working Papers决议草案——Draft Resolution起草国——Sponsors附议国——Signatories决议——Resolution行动性条款——Operative Clauses序言条款——Pre-ambulatory Clauses修正案——Amendments友好修正案——Friendly Amendments非友好修正案——Unfriendly Amendments 游说与商讨——Lobby and Negotiation。

大会规则流程Rules of Procedure 大会流程图解：确定议题Setting the Agenda点名Roll Call产生发言名单Open the Speaker’s List非正式辩论Informal Debate正式辩论Formal Debate 结束辩论形成各种会议文件投票表决“决议草案”文件通过/不通过大会流程简述：一、点名 (Roll Call)点名的作用：确定到场国家总数，由此计算简单多数 (1/2多数) 和三分之二多数。

这些数据决定了表决通过的标准。

点名的方式：主席助理按照国家名单上的顺序点名，点到的国家高举国家牌并答“到(Present) ”。

主席助理重复“某某国代表出席”，并在电脑屏幕上标示出席情况，最终计数。

二、正式辩论 (Formal Debate)辩论的概念：不同于平时的辩论比赛，模联中的发言、磋商、游说等均被视为辩论。

正式辩论：按照发言名单顺序进行的辩论叫正式辩论。

发言名单(Speakers’List)的产生：确定议题后，正式辩论开始。

主席会请需要发言的代表举国家牌，并随机点出国家名，当代表听到自己国家被点到后，放下国家牌。

主席助理同步记录，代表便可在大屏幕上看到发言名单。

追加发言机会 (国家名未在发言名单上或已经完成发言) ，可向主席台传意向条(Page) 要求在发言名单上添加其代表国家，主席会将该国家名加在发言名单最后。

如代表已在发言名单上并还未发言，则不能追加发言机会。

发言时间：每位代表有90秒的初始发言时间 (Speaking Time) ，可通过动议(Motion to Change Speaking Time) 更改。

让渡：代表在发言时间内结束发言，可将剩余时间让渡。

①让渡给他国代表 (Yield Time to Another Delegate) ：让渡国A代表和被让渡国B代表协商一致后 (传意向条，会前游说等) ，B代表在A代表剩余的时间内进行发言。

模联文件的写作指导与范本立场文件Position Paper工作文件Working Paper决议草案Draft Resolution修正案Amendment一、立场文件 Position Paper每个国家在会前都要针对各个议题提交一份立场文件，对本国的基本观点做出简明扼要的阐述。

立场文件应以文段的形式撰写。

1． 定义：立场文件是某国对于某议题在特定历史条件下所作出的特点立场报告。

2． 功能：A. 立场文件对于了解别国动向有极其重要的意义；B. 同时立场文件也是各国在“正式辩论”时的重要发言参考；C. 阅读各国立场文件有利于确定利益集团归属，也是各国间协商、合作、斡旋的重要参考。

3． 格式：立场文件格式分为两大部分，即“TITLE+TEXT ” 具体要求如下：A. 页边距：上下左右皆为“2cm ”B. 英文字体：Times New RomanC. 字符大小：12号D. 间距：段前段后皆为“自动”；行间距“1.2倍”E. TITLE 作为一段（即段前段后间距设定为“0”）F. 立场文件一般不得超过A4纸2页 。

我们要求为1页。

4． 写作要求A. 建议首段概要简述与本国有关的该议题的历史现状与趋势B. 建议第二部分重点阐述联合国、所代表国家曾经参与或组织的行动，通过的决议以及重要发言C. 建议第三部分重点阐述所代表国家的基本立场、所拥有的基本政策、正在进展的措施、理由、具体案例D. 建议第四部分“宽口径”的列举解决此类系列问题的建议大家好好练习使用WORD ，在今后的学习工作中一定会受益匪浅。

E. 建议最后一部分进行呼吁和展望5．小帖士A. 不要过于具体阐述细节B. 用词简练、正式，尽量运用外交辞令C. 文章结构清晰、条理分明D. 正式发言可以参考立场文件，但要随着会议进程实时修改二、工作文件Working Paper当一国或国家集团对议题产生初步的解决办法时，可以总结成一份工作文件，提交给大会，向各国介绍己方的解决办法。

Position PaperDelegate：Han JingdaSchool: High School Attached to Northeast Normal UniversityCountry : The Republic of BoliviaCommittee: Commission on Sustainable DevelopmentTopic: Impact of Population Growth on SustainabilityPopulation growth was a big problem that had restricted the development of the human all over the world today. After the industrial revolution, human's life level and economic production increased continuously, population increase rapidly. From 1999 to 2009 this short 10 years, the world population have risen one hundred million. And the world population has exceeded seven billion up till now. Population's unsustainable growth has caused a lot of contradictions in many countries, it is very urgent to solve this problem.In this issue, the United Nations joint efforts of other countries in the world to control population growth and ease the contradiction. The 21st century's agenda which was formulated in 2002 by the UN explicitly mentioned that "Strengthen research to combine population, environment and development "and so on. These policies provide navigation for the United Nations and countries all over the world. At the same time, according to The Action Plan of the Conference on International Population and Development's relevant content, the population rate of the annual average in 1994 to 2004 was 1.31; but in 2004 to 2012, the annual average has fallento 1.10.The number of population in Bolivia is 10.028 million. The government tried to solve the people's livelihood preferably. In the human rights and the feminist issue, Bolivia also respected for human rights and the feminist at the same time of respecting for economic development. Bolivia emphasized the education. The educational literacy rate has been reduced to 13.28%. Bolivia's investment of public sector and education reached to150 million dollars.Bolivia supports the United Nations' resolutions zealously. Bolivia emphasizes that the government devotes to control the population growth in a stable numerical with other countries jointly. The United Nations should continue to control the population growth. For developed countries, Bolivia Suggests to offered economic aids and send education team regularly; For the vast number of developing countries and undeveloped areas, Bolivia expects them should develop the people's livelihood vigorously; Clear relevant laws, improve women's rights and status, reduce the family violence and population's illegal trafficking happened.Bolivia hopes countries around the world should control population growth together and remove negative effects from the population growth. Finally achieve the people's development collectively.当今世界，人口增长已成为制约人类各方面发展的一大难题。

SwitzerlandPosition PaperDelegates:School:Committee: UNSCTopic:Submitted by SwitzerlandSwitzerland has already realized the importance of international cooperation in the prevention and combating of terrorism has grown beyond measure since the terrorist attacks on the USA on 11 September 2001. Under international law, the framework for these tasks is provided specifically by twelve UN Conventions and additional protocols on combating terrorism. Switzerland has already ratified and implemented ten of these Conventions and noticed that there are an increasing number of countries entering the combating terrorism activities.Switzerlandis taking their efforts to preventing and combating terrorist attacksat domestic level actions.As one of the world’s most important financial centers, Switzerland has been campaigning for more effective regulations to put a stop to both the financing of terrorist activity and money laundering.Switzerland is an active member of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).The Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings obliges States Parties to punish the originators of or those party to attacks conducted using explosives or other lethal substances, such as toxic chemicals or biological weapons. It also sets out provisions for international cooperation in the prevention and combating of terrorist attacks.Switzerlandalso made laws to ensure depriving terrorism of its financial base, putting two new criminal offences on the statute books and identifying the users of prepaid cards. Switzerland will never ignore and stand the terrorists take advantages of Swiss economic system and the secret system of Swiss bank will never protect the terrorism and be the “barrier”of international cooperation.There are actually plenty of other countries that provide discreet banking services, but the terrorists won't be able to avail themselves of such services in Switzerland.Switzerland also attached great importance to the safety and management among refugees. Switzerland will never let terrorists regard this country as a basement and shelter of their crucial activities. However, Switzerland will not abandon the aid to help people suffering from violence and terrorism.As for Switzerland international activities, the Swiss tax authorities already have the right to demand information from Swiss banks when investigating a deliberate tax fraud; and under Article 4 of the USA-Switzerland Treaty on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, it must use the same powers if it seeks to obtain information at the request of the USA and for the purposes of a criminal investigation, pursuant to a Swiss law on international co-operation in such matters.But Even if criminal proceedings are contemplated however, the matter must come before the Swiss courts to sanction co-operation, and it is by no means certain that they would do so.As grave as the terrorist threat is, it is important to remember that human rights remain inalienable and that the fight against terrorism must always be fought with the legal means used to combat all forms of crime.International humanitarian law must be applied in all situations and without exception by all parties to armed conflict and by private individuals too. The economic differencesbetween countries should also try to de eliminated.As always, the challenge will be to find a balance between the two competing interests, and to adopt a proportionate approach.Switzerland is committed to upholding these principles and to ensuring that international humanitarian law is applied more rigorously.http://www.ejpd.admin.ch//newscenter公报还说，瑞士不会容忍恐怖主义分子利用瑞士的金融系统，瑞士的银行保密制度不会保护恐怖主义，不会成为国际合作和刑事侦查的“障碍”。