期中考试卷

2024年七年级第一学期期中语文考试试卷注意事项：1．本试卷分三部分，共21题，满分130分，考试用时120分钟。

2．答题前，考生务必将姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号、考试号填涂在答题卷相应的位置上。

3．答题必须用0．5mm黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卷指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。

4．考生答题必须答在答题卷上，答在试卷和草稿纸上一律无效。

第一部分 (25分)1．根据汉语拼音写出汉字。

(4分)①憧(jǐn g) ▲②(xuàn) ▲丽③摇摇欲(zhuì) ▲④出谋(huà) ▲策2．下面的这段话中有四个错别字，把它们找出来填入表中，然后改正。

(4分) 写到这里，不由吐了吐舌头，因为北大老师们的肖象，也一视同仁地留在了我的写生画册上：有的绅士风度，有的和霭可亲，这个怪僻，那个潇洒，或于谈笑风声间“樯橹灰飞烟灭”，或于古朴凝重之中形成另一翻风格……——田晓菲《十三岁的际遇》3．默写古诗文名句，并写出相应的作家、篇名。

(10分)①乡书何处达，▲。

( ▲《次北固山下》)②▲，自将磨洗认前朝。

( ▲《赤壁》)③门前流水尚能西，▲。

(苏轼《浣溪沙》)④但愿人长久，▲。

(苏轼《▲》)⑤四面湖山归眼底，▲。

(湖南岳阳楼对联)⑥青山有幸埋忠骨，▲。

(杭州岳墓对联)⑦▲，无欲则刚。

(林则徐书两广总督府对联)4．阅读下面的材料，同答问题。

学校“光盘行动宣讲组”走出校园进行宣讲，市民积极响应，也有一位陈先生这样感慨：“请人吃饭，宁愿剩下也不能不够啊，如果餐桌上都是吃得干干净净的盘子，总感觉不好看，怕客人觉得自己小气。

”针对这种感慨，作为宣讲组一员的你，想对陈先生说些什么呢?(要求：语言得体，条理清楚，不超过50个字) (2分)▲5．阅读名著片段，回答问题。

(5分)汤姆叫醒其他两个海盗，三个人大叫一声往外跑。

不到一两分钟，他们已经脱光了衣服，在白色沙洲边清澈的浅水里追逐、嬉戏打闹了。

一、选择题（每题3分，共30分）1. 下列选项中，不是有理数的是（）A. -3.14B. 0.5C. √2D. -1/32. 已知x是实数，且x² - 2x + 1 = 0，则x的值为（）A. 1B. -1C. 2D. 无法确定3. 下列函数中，是反比例函数的是（）A. y = x + 1B. y = 2xC. y = 1/xD. y = x²4. 下列等式中，正确的是（）A. (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²B. (a - b)² = a² - 2ab + b²C.(a + b)² = a² - 2ab + b² D. (a - b)² = a² + 2ab - b²5. 在直角坐标系中，点P（2，3）关于x轴的对称点坐标是（）A.（2，-3）B.（-2，3）C.（-2，-3）D.（2，-3）6. 下列选项中，能表示圆x² + y² = 25上所有点的集合的是（）A. {（x，y）|x² + y² = 25}B. {（x，y）|x² + y² ≥ 25}C. {（x，y）|x² + y² ≤ 25}D. {（x，y）|x² + y² = 25}7. 下列函数中，在定义域内单调递减的是（）A. y = x²B. y = -xC. y = 2xD. y = 1/x8. 已知函数f(x) = 2x + 3，若f(x) > 7，则x的取值范围是（）A. x > 2B. x < 2C. x ≤ 2D. x ≥ 29. 下列图形中，是轴对称图形的是（）A. 正方形B. 长方形C. 等腰三角形D. 等边三角形10. 下列等式中，正确的是（）A. √(9) = 3B. √(16) = 4C. √(25) = 5D. √(36) = 6二、填空题（每题4分，共20分）11. 若a，b是方程x² - 5x + 6 = 0的两个根，则a + b = ________。

2024—2025学年第一学期北京市昌平区回龙观东西学区期中考试试卷初二语文2024.10考生须知1．本试卷共8页，共五道大题，25道小题；答题纸共2页。

满分100分。

考试时间150分钟。

2．在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名、学号。

3．试卷答案一律填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

4．在答题卡上，选择题须用2B铅笔将选中项涂黑涂满，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

一、基础·运用（共15分）（一）阅读下面文段，完成1-4题。

（共8分）从前有位姓辛的人，在黄鹄矶卖酒为业。

有一天，一位衣衫褴褛的道士踱到店里讨要酒喝，辛氏没有怠慢，____①____地奉上了一大杯酒。

道士自此隔三差五到店里讨酒，辛氏也回回以礼相待，如此过了半年。

这一天，道士突然对辛氏说，他要送给辛氏一件礼物充抵酒钱。

只见道士从篮子里拿出一块橘子皮，随手在墙上画了一只仙鹤，因为________________，所以画上的仙鹤也是黄色的。

店中的客人只要拍手歌唱，黄鹤便会和着曲调在墙上翩翩起舞，在四周景致的（yìng）衬下妙不可言。

此事流传开后，游人客官____②____，纷纷付钱观赏黄鹤的奇观，辛氏也因此累积了很多财富。

半年后，那位道士又来到辛氏酒肆，他拒绝了辛氏的谢礼，取出一支长笛，吹了一首曲子。

朵朵白云随着乐曲自空而下，画上的黄鹤也随着白云飞到道士面前，道士便跨上鹤背，乘云飞去，自此人去楼空（yǎo）无消息。

辛氏为了纪念这位道士，便在酒肆的原址上重新修建了一座楼阁，人们称之为“辛氏楼”，后来改为“黄鹤楼”。

黄鹤楼逐渐受到文人墨客们的欢迎，不少江夏名士“游必于是，宴必于是”。

1.阅读上面文段，下列对加点字读音和括号中应填入的汉字的判断，错误的一项是（2分）A.“和”应读为“hè”B.“（yìng）衬”应写为“应衬”C.“肆”应读为“sì”D.“（yǎo）无消息”应写为“杳无消息”2.结合语境，在文段横线处填入词语，全都正确的一项是（2分）A.①低眉顺眼②前赴后继B.①和颜悦色②络绎不绝C.①低眉顺眼②络绎不绝D.①和颜悦色②前赴后继3.根据上下文，填写句子划线处缺失的内容。

2023-2024 学年莆田十中高一上期中考试卷(时间：120 分钟满分150)第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50 分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AFour Destinations for Electric-bike Tours Across CanadaBanff by e-bikeWhite Mountain Adventures and BanffCycle both launched guided e-bike tours of Canada's first national park this summer.The former's offerings include a50-kilometre there-and-back ride along the Bow Valley Park way and a 50-km return ride along the car-free Rocky Mountain Legacy Trail.BanffCycle,meanwhile,adds a three-hour"Banff and Bow Valley"guided trip to the mix.Fat-biking in YukonThis new ride from the luxurious Mount Logan EcoLodge on the Alaska Highway near Haines Junction provides an exception to the rule that Canadian e-bike tours are unavailable in winter.Equipped with oversized tires to allow riding on snow and other unstable surfaces, the electric fat bikes can be booked for two hour guided tours that explore the wilderness bordering Kluane National Park.Sipping and e-cycling in NiagaraNiagara Cycling Tours hosts group outings of at least four e-bike riders that range in length from 65 to more than 110kilometres.The offerings include a two-day"Niagara Introductory Ride,"which can be customized to visit local attractions,and a new "Beers and Bikes"tour, which rides between more than a dozen craft breweries(啤酒厂).Gardens and Gouda on Vancouver IslandBased in pretty Qualicum Beach, the new Electric Bike Co.offers a three-hour "Home and Garden Tour" highlighting high-design private houses and seaside flowers；and a four-to-five hour ride and ferry(轮渡) voyage to Hornby Island , home of the Helliwell and Tribune Bay provincial parks.21. Where is this text probably taken from?A. A sports poster.B. A travel brochure.C. An academic article.D. A chemical paper.22. Which e-bike tour is great to experience in winter?A. Banff by e-bike.B. Fat-biking in Yukon.C.Sipping and e-cycling in Niagara.D. Gardens and Gouda on Vancouver Island.23. What can you enjoy when e-cycling in Niagara?A. Tasty beer.B. High-design houses.C. Seaside flowers.D. Mountain scenery.BDo you remember the name of your kindergarten teacher? I do, mine.Her name was Mrs.White. And I remember thinking she must be some older relation of Walt Disney's Snow White, because she had the samebright blue eyes, short dark hair, red lips and fair skin.I don't remember much about what we learned in her class, but my mother once told me that we used to writea lot. And I would bring back what I wrote and she would look at it and see there were so many mistake so one day when she went in to meet Mrs.White for one of those parent-teacher meetings, she asked her why she didn't red-pencil my wrong spellings of words or point out grammatical errors?And my mother says Mrs.White said -The children are just beginning to get excited about using words, about forming sentences.I don't want to kill that passion(激情)with red ink.Spelling and grammar can wait.The wonder of words won't...And maybe she didn't say it exactly like that. It was a long time ago. And what my mother gave me was the main idea of what she could remember. I added the rest.I grew up learning to use words with loving confidence like that.I realize that if Mrs. White had used her red pencil more precisely(精确地) I probably wouldn't be telling you about this now. I look back now and think she must have been a rather good teacher. And thanks to Mrs. White, I had no worries about writing what I meant even if I couldn't quite spell it out.24. What used to make the author's mother concerned?A. His poor memory in writing class.B. His terrible relationship with his teacher.C. His bad performance in writing.D. His teacher's not pointing out the mistakes.25. Why did Mrs.White never correct the students' spelling and grammatical mistakes?A. Because she was not willing to use a red pencil.B. Because she thought the mistakes could wait to be corrected.C. Because she didn't want to discourage the students.D. Because she believed children were just starting to use words.26. Which of the following best describes Mrs.White as a teacher?A. Humorous.B. Demanding.C. Precise.D. Inspiring.27. What does the author want to express in the last paragraph?A. Using a red pencil weakens the writing ability.B. A good teacher influences students a lot.C. Teachers should also learn from students.D. People who make no mistakes make nothing.CWooden houses surrounded by a thick forest, classical music playing softly in the background, a very special cafe, three meals a day and several outdoor activity areas. This sounds like a dream vacation arrangement (安排). But this is not a place for people. It’s for cats in the province of Samsun, Türkiye.Kedi Kasabas, or"cat town",is one interesting place in the country, a place where cats can experience what real comfort is!The town, which covers an area of around 20 acres,is run by the local city and most admitted guests have a hard backstory."All cats here are homeless and usually go through sufferings before being brought here. They are either injured or mentally suffer. We treat them and put them back into the town. The environment here is really beautiful for them," Faruk Kan, a Kedi Kasabas vet,said.Kan is not the only vet working at the shelter. There’s a whole team looking after the cats and making sure all their needs are met.The place even has a special area for sick or injured cats, where they receive personalized (个性化的) treatment.There are currently150 animals living in"cat town",and the number keeps rising.There are wooden houses where they can rest,and also houses designed for socializing.During the winter they are provided with heated accommodation, so feeling convenient and warm is a sure thing for these furry creatures.The love for cats seems to be a Turkish favourite. Istanbul is known for being home to several hundred thousand cats. There,people take care of street cats like kings.The four-legged friends are fed and kept healthy and they have already become part of the city view.Even though cats may have a happy life outdoors in the forest or wandering around in the city streets, there’s nothing like having a stable (稳定的) home, lying next to a human friend.28. What can be learned about"cat town"?A. It is quite difficult to reach.B. It is peaceful and comfortable.C. It is very expensive to run.D. It serves special coffee to visitors.29. What does the underlined word "guests" in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Cats.B. Visitors.C. Workers.D. Volunteers.30. What do we know about the cats in "cat town"?A. They are thrown by their owners.B. They came from pet lovers.C. They are friendly to humans.D. They used to suffer a lot.31. Which does the author think us the best place for a cat probably?A. The forest.B. The city streets.C. A human’s home.D. A pet hospital.DA group of researchers have developed a new material which is soft but very strong.It can be worn and washed like ordinary clothing and could finally turn sports clothes into smart "wearables".The so-called "carbon nanotube threads"( 碳纳米管线)can be used to measure heart rate to test heart conditions.But instead of having to be stuck on the skin, they can be fixed on a T-shirt and worn like usual athletic wear.The researchers say the threads can comfortably move with the wearer,and be washed and worn repeatedly without breaking down.Though going into production for customers is still a long way off,the material could finally help replace some medical facilities,such as the heart-rate monitoring machines and watches,in addition to other possible uses.For the latest study, researchers worked with a rope-maker to make the threads together into a material similar to ordinary thread that could be sewn(缝纫) into athletic clothes.The resulting"smart"shirt provides "soft, wearable,dry sensors for continuous" heart-rate monitoring, the study states.With some improvement, the clothes with these carbon nanotube threads could be able to track other human body life signs, according to the researchers.The"smart"shirts aren't entirely without wires(电线), however.one example shows the nanotube in the shirt feeding testing results to wires on the bottom that transmit the information through Bluetooth technology to a computer."The threadlike material—thin enough to run through a sewing machine—is not only soft and comfortable to the touch, but also so strong that you can build a power line out of it," said Dewy, a member of the research team. "Nothing else behaves like this promising material."32. What is the new material expected to do ?A. Make a new style of sportswear.B. Take the place of traditional clothes.C. Provide measurement for heartbeats.D. Help determine the type of an illness.33. What does the underlined word "transmit" mean in paragraph 4?A.Send.B.Connect.C. Add.D. Track.34. What can we learn about the new material?A. It'll cause a waste of resources.B. It has gained a large sales market.C. It has a bright future of development.D. It'll improve the function of the heart.35. What is the best title for the text?A.Scientists Are Studying Human Body Life SignsB. Advanced Medical Facilities Are Put into Wide UseC.Smart Wearables Are Well Received Among AthletesD. Carbon Nanotube Threads Are Created to Test Heart Rate第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5 分，满分12.5 分）读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2024年春期六年级语文期中质量检测考试试卷注意事项:1.本作业共6页，九大题，满分100分，做题时间100分钟。

2.请将答案填写在答题卡上。

选择题、判断题的答案用2B铅笔填涂，其它题的答案用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的水笔填写。

3.答题前请先将答题卡上的乡镇、学校、班级、姓名、座位号填写完整，并将学生编号按要求涂黑。

识字、写字与词句(15分)一、根据语境看拼音写词语。

(4分)1、那件珍贵的luòtuo( )牌短袖不知放哪儿了，一上午我fān xiāng dǎo ɡuì( )也没找到。

现在,我有了一点yān zhī fēi fú ( )的想法，不再yōu shānɡ( )叹息了。

二、选择。

(4分)2、下列说法不正确的一项是( )A.“揉、筷、霉、毙”这四个字都是形声字。

B.“摊、御、聊、粥”这四个字写时都要做到左窄右宽。

C.“燃放鞭炮、觉察挪移、抵抗侵袭、拨弄草丛”这些词语书写都正确。

D.“拔得头筹、喜获金牌、荣登榜首、摘得桂冠”这四个词语意思相同。

3、下面是四个孩子在爷爷寿宴上的即兴发言，最不合乎场合的一个是( )A.爷爷，祝您长寿如南山，幸福如东海!B.爷爷，祝您生日快乐!愿您的笑容如春天般绽放，生活如秋果般甜美!C.爷爷,您的经历和故事是我们这一代人宝贵的财富,感谢您的教诲与厚爱。

祝您长命百岁，笑口常开!D.爷爷，今天是您大喜的日子，祝您和奶奶恩爱如初，白首偕老!三、根据语境写句子。

(7分)4、用几句话从不同方面介绍自己喜欢的一道菜，努力让你笔下的这道菜令人垂涎欲滴;并用上夸张的修辞手法。

(4分)5、爸爸妈妈又要出门打工了，望着他们远去的车子，我泪如泉涌，奔跑在田上，(通过景物描写表达我当时的心情状态,3分)阅读与鉴赏(50分)四、回顾积累的内容，根据语境提示填空。

(12分)6、很多古诗通过写传统佳节来表达思念之情，比如“今夜月明人尽望， ” “ 脉脉不得语。

”等。

7、时光匆匆无声流逝，正如朱自清在《匆匆》中描写的那样:“ 的时 里过去……”;少年儿童应珍惜时光发奋读书，当以格言读书 ，一字 ”来自勉;当以苏轼《浣溪沙》中的名句“ 门前流水尚能西! 来警示自己。

2024-2025学年九年级上语文期中考试卷河北省张家口市2024—2025学年九年级上学期期中考试语文试卷考试范围：九年级上1-3单元；考试时间：120分钟；分值：120分注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）一、基础知识综合（10分）最近，年级黑板报新增了“语文角”栏目，其中呈现的内容引起不少同学关注。

你也开始注意，并试着完成下列任务。

1．栏目贴出了与多音字“和”相关的三个词语，希望有意参与者分别为“和”标音，并将词性为形容词的词语用正楷字抄写在答题卡对应处。

（2分）（1）应和（2）和蔼（3）掺和2．阅读下面文段，画线处填写成语或词语依次正确的一项是（）（2分）白求恩同志_____专门利人的精神，表现在他对工作的极端的负责任，对同志对人民的极端的热忱。

……不少的人对工作不负责任，________，把重担子推给人家，自己挑轻的。

一事当前，先替自己打算，然后再替别人打算。

出了一点力就觉得了不起，喜欢自吹，生怕人家不知道。

对同志对人民不是_______，而是冷冷清清，漠不关心，麻木不仁。

这种人其实不是共产党员。

至少不能算一个纯粹的共产党员。

从前线回来的人说到白求恩，没有一个不______，没有一个不为他的精神所感动。

晋察冀边区的军民，凡亲身受过白求恩医生的治疗和亲眼看过白求恩医生的工作的，无不为之感动。

A．毫不利己自私自利小心翼翼怅然B．毫不利己拈轻怕重满腔热忱佩服C．精益求精拈轻怕重小心翼翼怅然D．精益求精自私自利满腔热忱佩服3．阅读下面材料，根据你对内容和语言特点的把握，为第二自然段补全首句。

（2分）一个语言片段有两种或多种解释，这种现象称为语言的“歧解现象”。

语言的歧解现象，。

如“他叫张亮”这个语言片段中的“叫”，常用的词义有两个：①叫作，②呼叫。

由于这两个词义同时存在，所以产生了歧解现象。

在“他叫张亮，他的哥哥叫张明”“他叫张亮，叫了半天了”这两句话中的“他叫张亮”，就不会产生歧解现象。

人教版九年级数学下册期中考试试卷一、认真选一选（本大题共有12小题）1、若分式25x -有意义．．．，则x 的取值范围是（）A.5x ≠B ．5x ≠-C ．5x >D ．5x >-2、已知反比例函数xky =的图象过点P （1，3），则该反比例函数图象位于（）A 、第一、二象B 、第一、三象限C 、第二、四象限D 、第三、四象限3、小明想做一个直角三角形的木架，以下四组木棒中，哪一组的三条能够刚好做成（）A 、9cm ，12cm ，15cm ；B 、7cm ，12cm ，13cm ；C 、12cm ，15cm ，17cm ；D 、3cm ，4cm ，7cm 。

4．等边三角形的边长为2，则该三角形的面积为（）A ．34B ．32C ．3D ．35、反比例函数y ＝x3-k 的图象，当x ＞0时，y 随x 的增大而增大，则k 的取值范围是（）A 、k ＜3B 、k ≤3C 、k ＞3D 、k ≥36、分式方程123=-x 的解是（）A 、5=x B 、1=x C 、1-=x D 、2=x 7、已知（x 1,y 1）,（x 2,y 2）,（x 3,y 3）是反比例函数xy 4-=的图象上的三个点,且x 1＜x 2＜0，x 3＞0,则y 1,y 2,y 3的大小关系是()A.y 3＜y 1＜y 2 B.y 2＜y 1＜y 3 C.y 1＜y 2＜y 3D.y 3＜y 2＜y 18、已知n m n m-==29,49,39则等于（）A ．5B ．94C ．49D ．239．化简：211()(3)31x x x x +-∙---的结果是（）A ．2B ．21x -C ．23x -D ．41x x --10、已知反比例函数xy 2-=，下列结论不正确．．．的是（）A ．图象必经过点(-1,2)B ．y 随x 的增大而增大C ．图象在第二、四象限内D ．若x ＞1，则y ＞-211．如图，反比例函数4y x =-的图象与直线13y x =-的交点为A ，B ，过点A 作y 轴的平行线与过点B 作x 轴的平行线相交于点C ，则ABC △的面积为（）A ．8B ．6C ．4D ．212.把抛物线2=3y x 向右平移1个单位长度后，所得的函数解析式为（）A ．2=31y x -B ．2=3(1)y x -C ．2=3+1y x D ．2=3(+1)y x 二、仔细填一填（本大题共有5小题）13、某种感冒病毒的直径为0.00000012m ，用科学记数法表示为m14、计算33223)()(----⨯ab b a ：=15、如图，长方体长、宽、高分别为4cm 、3cm 、12cm ，则BD 1＝cm 。

一、选择题（每题5分，共50分）1. 下列各数中，正整数是（）A. -3B. 0C. 1/2D. 52. 下列各数中，绝对值最小的是（）A. -5B. 0C. 1/2D. 53. 若x=2，则x^2-4x+4的值为（）A. 0B. 2C. 4D. 64. 下列函数中，一次函数是（）A. y=2x+3B. y=x^2+2x+1C. y=3x^3+4x^2-5D. y=2x^2-3x+25. 在直角坐标系中，点A（2，3）关于y轴的对称点是（）A.（-2，3）B.（2，-3）C.（-2，-3）D.（2，3）6. 下列图形中，中心对称图形是（）A. 正方形B. 等腰三角形C. 等边三角形D. 梯形7. 若a、b、c是等差数列，且a+b+c=15，a+c=9，则b的值为（）A. 3B. 6C. 9D. 128. 下列等式中，正确的是（）A. (a+b)^2 = a^2 + b^2B. (a-b)^2 = a^2 - b^2C. (a+b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2D. (a-b)^2 = a^2 - 2ab + b^29. 下列各式中，分式方程是（）A. 2x+3=5B. 3x-4=2C. 3/(x+1)=4D. 2x+3=2(x+1)10. 下列各数中，属于有理数的是（）A. √2B. πC. 3/2D. √(-1)二、填空题（每题5分，共50分）1. 若a、b、c是等差数列，且a+b+c=15，a+c=9，则b的值为______。

2. 下列函数中，一次函数是______。

3. 在直角坐标系中，点A（2，3）关于y轴的对称点是______。

4. 下列各数中，绝对值最小的是______。

5. 若x=2，则x^2-4x+4的值为______。

6. 下列图形中，中心对称图形是______。

7. 下列等式中，正确的是______。

8. 下列各式中，分式方程是______。

9. 下列各数中，属于有理数的是______。

2024届九年级语文上册期中检测考试卷（七）（满分150分，时间150分钟）一、积累与运用(共28分)1.下列加点的字，每对读音都不同的一项是(A)(2分)A.分外/分数冠冕/名冠全球间不容发/亲密无间B.拮据/盘踞箴言/三缄其口富丽堂皇/诚惶诚恐C.背诵/背包咽气/细嚼慢咽随机应变/供不应求D.相传/传记作坊/扭捏作态敬业乐群/乐不思蜀2.下列词语中没有错别字的一项是(C)(2分)A.珐琅圆明园言不及意李待桃僵B.窗灵俏皮话理至易明自吹自擂C.亵渎摆架子轻而易举矫揉造作D.糟蹋压榨机不知所措断章取意3.古诗文填空。

(8分)(1)，拔剑四顾心茫然。

[李白《行路难》(其一)](2)不应有恨，？(苏轼《水调歌头》)(3)范仲淹在《岳阳楼记》一文中，描写夜晚洞庭湖波光月影的句子是：，。

(4)古诗词中有很多写“愁”的名句。

“，”(岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》)，写出了诗人对战争、对边关将士的忧愁；“，”(李商隐《无题》)，写出了主人公担心青春容颜不再的忧愁。

4.名著阅读。

(任选一题作答)(4分)(1)有人说《西游记》是“一个师父仨徒弟”，其实取经队伍中还有一位称唐僧为师父的“徒弟”。

请结合相关故事情节，说说这位“徒弟”成为取经队伍成员的过程以及这位“徒弟”在取经过程中的作用。

(2)《水浒传》中宋江绰号“及时雨”表现了他怎样的性格特点？请结合下面故事情节做具体分析。

5.在下面一段文字的横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整、连贯。

(4分)在人类文明进程里，城市的产生和发展是关键的一步。

一般而言，城的发展往往早于市。

①城的主要功能是防御，城墙、堡垒、护城河构成防御设施，封闭是其主要特征。

市的功能主要是流通，交易场所、街道是主要设施，开放是其主要特征。

②从城到市的变化，反映了由军事和政治意义的城镇向现代的经济、文化为主的城市的发展走向。

6.阅读下面材料，回答问题。

(8分)材料一：网讯2017年，“中国制造”的足迹出现在全世界各地，屡创佳绩。