食品专业英语一

食品专业英语教案第一章：食品专业英语基础知识1.1 教学目标了解食品专业英语的基本概念和重要性掌握食品专业英语的基本词汇和术语提高阅读和理解食品专业英语文献的能力1.2 教学内容食品专业英语的定义和作用食品专业英语的基本词汇和术语食品专业英语文献的阅读和理解技巧1.3 教学方法讲授法：介绍食品专业英语的基本概念和重要性互动式学习：引导学生学习和掌握食品专业英语的基本词汇和术语案例分析：提供食品专业英语文献的案例，引导学生进行阅读和理解第二章：食品专业英语文献阅读与理解2.1 教学目标提高学生对食品专业英语文献的阅读能力培养学生对食品专业英语文献的理解能力引导学生运用食品专业英语知识进行文献分析和评价2.2 教学内容食品专业英语文献的阅读技巧食品专业英语文献的理解方法食品专业英语文献的分析和评价2.3 教学方法讲授法：介绍食品专业英语文献的阅读技巧和理解方法互动式学习：引导学生进行食品专业英语文献的阅读和理解案例分析：提供食品专业英语文献的案例，引导学生进行分析和评价第三章：食品专业英语写作与交流3.1 教学目标提高学生对食品专业英语写作的能力培养学生对食品专业英语交流的技巧引导学生运用食品专业英语知识进行写作和交流3.2 教学内容食品专业英语写作的基本原则和技巧食品专业英语交流的基本方法和策略食品专业英语写作和交流的实践训练3.3 教学方法讲授法：介绍食品专业英语写作的基本原则和技巧互动式学习：引导学生进行食品专业英语写作和交流的实践训练案例分析：提供食品专业英语写作和交流的案例，引导学生进行分析和评价第四章：食品专业英语听说能力培养4.1 教学目标提高学生对食品专业英语听说的能力培养学生对食品专业英语听说的技巧引导学生运用食品专业英语知识进行听说交流4.2 教学内容食品专业英语听说的基本原则和技巧食品专业英语听说的重要性和应用场景食品专业英语听说实践训练4.3 教学方法讲授法：介绍食品专业英语听说的基本原则和技巧互动式学习：引导学生进行食品专业英语听说的实践训练案例分析：提供食品专业英语听说的案例，引导学生进行分析和评价第五章：食品专业英语翻译能力培养5.1 教学目标提高学生对食品专业英语翻译的能力培养学生对食品专业英语翻译的技巧引导学生运用食品专业英语知识进行翻译实践5.2 教学内容食品专业英语翻译的基本原则和技巧食品专业英语翻译的重要性和应用场景食品专业英语翻译实践训练5.3 教学方法讲授法：介绍食品专业英语翻译的基本原则和技巧互动式学习：引导学生进行食品专业英语翻译的实践训练案例分析：提供食品专业英语翻译的案例，引导学生进行分析和评价第六章：食品科学与工程专业英语词汇与术语学习6.1 教学目标掌握食品科学与工程专业常用英语词汇和术语了解词汇和术语在食品科学与工程专业文献中的应用提高阅读和理解食品科学与工程专业英语文献的能力6.2 教学内容食品科学与工程专业常见英语词汇和术语的讲解词汇和术语在食品科学与工程专业文献中的应用案例词汇和术语的记忆和巩固方法6.3 教学方法讲授法：讲解食品科学与工程专业常用英语词汇和术语互动式学习：引导学生学习和掌握词汇和术语案例分析：提供食品科学与工程专业英语文献案例，引导学生应用词汇和术语第七章：食品科学与工程专业英语文献综述写作7.1 教学目标提高学生对食品科学与工程专业英语文献综述的理解和分析能力培养学生运用食品科学与工程专业英语进行学术交流的能力7.2 教学内容食品科学与工程专业英语文献综述的写作案例分析食品科学与工程专业英语文献综述的修改和完善方法7.3 教学方法互动式学习：引导学生进行食品科学与工程专业英语文献综述的写作实践案例分析：提供食品科学与工程专业英语文献综述案例，引导学生进行分析和评价第八章：食品科学与工程专业英语听说能力提升8.1 教学目标提高学生食品科学与工程专业英语听说能力培养学生运用食品科学与工程专业英语进行交流的能力引导学生掌握食品科学与工程专业英语听说技巧8.2 教学内容食品科学与工程专业英语听说技巧讲解食品科学与工程专业英语听说实践训练食品科学与工程专业英语听说考试模拟8.3 教学方法讲授法：讲解食品科学与工程专业英语听说技巧互动式学习：引导学生进行食品科学与工程专业英语听说实践训练案例分析：提供食品科学与工程专业英语听说案例，引导学生进行分析和评价第九章：食品科学与工程专业英语翻译实践9.1 教学目标提高学生食品科学与工程专业英语翻译能力培养学生运用食品科学与工程专业英语进行翻译实践的能力引导学生掌握食品科学与工程专业英语翻译技巧9.2 教学内容食品科学与工程专业英语翻译技巧讲解食品科学与工程专业英语翻译实践训练食品科学与工程专业英语翻译案例分析9.3 教学方法讲授法：讲解食品科学与工程专业英语翻译技巧互动式学习：引导学生进行食品科学与工程专业英语翻译实践训练案例分析：提供食品科学与工程专业英语翻译案例，引导学生进行分析和评价第十章：食品科学与工程专业英语综合应用能力提升10.1 教学目标提高学生食品科学与工程专业英语综合应用能力培养学生运用食品科学与工程专业英语进行学术交流和研究报告的能力引导学生掌握食品科学与工程专业英语综合应用技巧10.2 教学内容食品科学与工程专业英语综合应用技巧讲解食品科学与工程专业英语综合应用实践训练食品科学与工程专业英语综合应用案例分析10.3 教学方法讲授法：讲解食品科学与工程专业英语综合应用技巧互动式学习：引导学生进行食品科学与工程专业英语综合应用实践训练案例分析：提供食品科学与工程专业英语综合应用案例，引导学生进行分析和评价重点解析本教案分为十个章节，涵盖了食品专业英语的基础知识、文献阅读与理解、写作与交流、听说能力提升、翻译实践以及综合应用能力提升等方面。

食品专业英语化学品/农药残留物检测系统- Chemical/pesticide residue testing;外界污染源勘测仪器- Detection of foreign contaminating objects;实验室设备和传感器- Laboratory equipment and sensors;射线杀菌和巴氏杀菌消毒技术- Irradiation sterilization and pasteurization technology; 超高温杀菌设备- Over-temperature sterilization equipment;冷冻速冻设备- Freezing and deep freezing equipment;超临界萃取设备- Over-critical extraction equipment;膜分离设备- Velum seperation equipment;分子蒸馏设备- Molecule distillation equipment;无菌（真空）包装设备- Vacuum packaging equipment;化学品分析仪器- Chemical analyzers;食品成分分析仪器- Constituent analyzers;过滤设备- Filtration equipment;食品预处理设备- Food preparation equipment;湿度控制仪器- Humidity control equipment;食品配料分析仪器- Ingredient analyzers;污染控制设备- Pollution control equipment;离析器- Separators;饮业清洁设备- Catering sanitizers;温度纪录仪器- Temperature recording equipment;检测设备- Testing equipment;废物处理设备- Waste disposal equipment;水质量分析和控制设备- Water quality analysis and control equipment;气相／液相色谱仪- Gas/Liquid chromatogram apparatus.溶剂- Solvents;餐饮业厨房用地板- Kitchen flooring for catering;手套- Gloves;清洁剂- Cleanser;试纸、试剂- Test paper and reagent.审核和认证服务- Auditing and certification;数据库和软件服务- Databanks and software on regulatory issues;实验室食品分析服务- Food analysis laboratory services;咨询服务- Consulting services;食品质量控制管理服务- Food quality control management services;食品安全管理服务- Food safety management services;食品卫生管理服务- Food hygiene management services;HACCP和BRC培训服务- HACCP & BRC training services;微生物检测和认证服务- Microbiology testing and identification services;专家咨询服务- Regulatory experts services;食品安全保障技术- Food safety guarantee technology;生物工程技术- Biology engineering technology食品安全Food Safety食品防御安全Food SecurityEEC serial No.欧共体（食品添加剂）顺序号EFEMA(European Food Emulsifer Manufacturers Association) 欧洲食品乳化剂制造者协会encapsulating agent for food additives and vitamins 食品添加剂和维生素用包囊剂engineering food 工程食品enrich （食品）增补（营养素），强化；富集，浓缩；加料enriched food 强化（营养素）食品Expert Committee on Food Additive 食品添加剂专家委员会extruded food 挤压食品Fabricated food 合成食品，组合食品FAC(Food Advisory Committee) (英国)食品咨询委员会fad food 应时食品FAO/WHO Joint Committee of Alimentary Codex(CA-C) FAO/WHO食品卫生法规联合委员会FAP(Food Additive Petition)(U.S.) 食品添加剂申请书FAS（Food Additives Seriser）食品添加剂丛书FASS(Food Additives and Comtaminants Committee) (英国)食品添加剂及污染物委员会FCC(Food Chemicals Codex) 食品用化学品法规，食品用化学品法典FD&C (Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act) 食品、药物及化妆品条例（法）FDA 美国食品与药物管理局；美国FDAFDA(U.S.Food and Drug Adinistration) 美国食品与药物管理局FDD(Food and Drug Directorate) 食品和药物理事会fecala [由葛根、木薯等植物淀粉制成的食品]Federal Food Drugs and Cosmetic Act 联邦食品药品化妆品法(美国)Federal food standards （美国）联邦食品标准Federal Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act(FFDCA) 联邦食品、药物和化妆品条例（法）fermentating food 发酵食品，酿造食品fermented goods 发酵制品，发酵食品FFDCA(Federal Food , Drug ,and Cosmetic Act) 联邦食品、药物和化妆品条例（法）FG(food grade) 食品级FIA(Food Ingredients Asia) 亚洲食品配料展览会FIC(Food Ingredients China) 中国食品配料展览会FIE(Food Ingredients Europe) 欧洲食品配料展览会finished food 制成的食品FISA(Food Ingradients of South American) 南美食品配料展览会flavology （食品）风味学flavor food 风味食品flavor industry 食品香料工业，调味料工业flavor-dependent food 依赖香精的食品；与香味有关的食品flavor-independent food 不依赖香精的食品；与香味无关的食品flavorings 食品香精[表示多数]flavour aditive 香味添加剂，食品香精添加剂flavour adjunct 食品香精辅助物flavouring foods 调味食品flavouring industry 食品香料香精工业flavouring matter 食品香料FMF(Food Manufacturer’s Federation(London)) (伦敦)食品制造商联合会FNP(Food and Nutrition Paper) （联合国粮农组织）食品与营养文集FNS(Food and Nutrition Serise) （联合国粮农组织）食品与营养丛书fold flavor 浓缩过的食品香精(香料)food 食品，食物，粮食，养料food additive 食品添加剂Food Additive Petition (U.S.) (FAP) 食品添加剂申请书food additives 食品添加剂Food Additives Amendment 食品添加剂修正案Food Additives Series(FAS) 食品添加剂丛书food adjunct 食品助剂food adulteration 食品掺假Food Advisory Committee(FAC) 食品咨询委员会food allergy 食品过敏food analysis 食品分析Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of U.S. 美国食品与药物管理局Food and Drug Administration(U.S.)(FDA) 美国食品与药物管理局Food and Nutrition Board(FNB) 食品与营养委员会Food and Nutrition Paper(FNP) （联合国粮农组织）食品与营养文集Food and Nutrition Series(FNS) （联合国粮农组织）食品与营养丛书food antiseptics 食品防腐剂food chemicals 食品用化学品Food Chemicals Codex Committee 食品用化学品法典（规）委员会Food Chemicals Codex(FCC) 售用化学品法典；食品用化学品法规food chemistry 食品化学food color 食品（用）色素food constituent 食品成分food contamination 食品污染food control 食品质量控制，食品质量检查food distribution center （美）食品分销中心，批发站food dye 食品（用）色素food engineer 食品工程师food engineering 食品工程（学）food enricher 食品强化剂food factory 食品厂food fermentation 食品发酵food flavour 食品香味；食品香精，食品香料；食品调味料food flavouring 食用调味料，调味品，食品香精food fortification 食品强化food fortifier 食品强化剂food grade mineral oil 食品级矿物油food grade(FG) 食品级food green S 食品绿Sfood handling 食品加工food hygiene 食品卫生学food hygiene law 食品卫生法food hygienic quality detection 食品卫生质量鉴定food industry 食品工业food infection 食品（带菌）传染food ingredient 食品成分，食品配料Food Ingredients Asia(FIA) 亚洲食品配料展览会Food Ingredients China(FIC) 中国食品配料展览会Food Ingredients Europe(FIE) 欧洲食品配料展览会Food Ingredients of South American(FISA) 南美食品配料展览会food inspection 食品检验food inspection rules 食品卫生检验规则food irrdiation 食物照射，食品辐照food labelling 食品标志food laws 食品法规food legislation 食品立法food microbiology 食品微生物学food nutrition 食品营养food of animal origin 动物性食品food of plant orgin 植物性食品food packaged 食品包装food packing 食品包装food preservation 食品保藏food preservative 食品保存剂，食品防腐剂food processing 食品加工；食品热杀菌food processing aide 食品加工助剂food processing industry 食品加工工业food processing plant 食品加工厂food product 食物产品，食品food products regulations 食品法规food regulation 食品法规food requirements 对食品的需要food safety 食品安全性Food Safety and Quality Service(FSQS) 食品安全与质量管理处Food Safety Council of U.S. 美国食品安全性协会Food Safey and Inspeciton Service (FSIS) 食品安全检验处food sanitation law 食品卫生法规food science 食品科学food spoilage 食物腐败，食品败坏food stability 食品稳定性，食品耐贮性food stamp 食品券food standard 食品标准food standard committee 食品标准委员会food starch, modified 食品用改性淀粉food starch, unmodified 食品用未改性淀粉food sterilization equipment 食品杀菌设备food storage 食品贮存food substance 食品food supervisions 食品卫生监督food supplement 食品增补剂food supplementation 食品增补food surveillance 食品监督gelled foodstuff 凝胶食品generally recognized as safe(GRAS) （食品添加剂的）公认安全，一般认为安全genetically modified food,GMF 转基因食品geriatric food 老年食品GM food (genetically modified food) 转基因食品gourmet food 鲜美食品，珍贵食品grading food quality 食品质量分级GRAS(generally recognized as safe) （食品添加剂的）公认安全，一般认为安全green food 绿色食品grocery 食品杂货；食品杂货店；小酒馆Health food 健康食品，保健食品Health Ingredients Europe(HIE) 欧洲健康（保健）食品配料展览会health-care food 保健食品heat-and-eat food pack 加热即食的包装食品，快速食品heat-and-eat frozen food 加热即食的冷冻食品，速冻快速食品HIE(Health Ingredients Europe) 欧洲健康（保健）食品配料展览会hyposite 低热量食品ICMSF 国际食品微生物标准鉴定委员会；ICMSFIFAC(International Food Additives Council) 国际食品添加剂委员会IFIS(Iternational Food Information Service) 国际食品咨询服务处IFMA(International Food Manufacture Association) 国际食品制造者协会IFST(Institute of Food Science and Technology) 食品科学与工艺学学会IFT(Institute of Food Technologists) 食品工艺学家学会[美]indicator of food hygiene quality 食品卫生质量指标indirect food additive 间接食品添加剂infant food 婴儿食品infant formula 婴儿配制食品INFD(International Network of Food Data) 国际食品数据网inflight meal 航空食品，飞机内用的便餐，机内客饭INS(International Numbering System) 国际编码系统[联合国食品法典委员会] inspector of food hygiene 食品卫生监督员instant food 即食品instantizer 速溶剂；速溶机；速溶食品生产设备Institute of Food Technologists(IFT) 食品工艺学家学会[美]intentional food additive 有意食品添加剂，故意（加入的）食品添加剂intermediate-moisture foods 中等水分食品International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods of IAMS 国际食品微生物标准鉴定委员会；ICMSFInternational Food Additives Council (IFAC) 国际食品添加剂委员会International Food Information Service(IFIS) 国际食品咨询服务处International Food Manufacture Association(IFMA) 国际食品制造者协会International Network of Food Data (INFD) 国际食品数据网International Uion of Food Science and Technology(IUFOST) 国际食品科学技术协会International Union of Food Science andTechnology 国际食品工艺学联合会；IUFOST International Union of Food Workers (IUF)International Union of 国际食品工作者联合会invalid food 疗效食品，病人食品irradiated food 照射食品，辐照食品irradiated product 照射（杀菌）食品irradiation 辐射，照射；食品照射保藏法isolate flavor 单离食品香料IUF(International Union of Food Workers ) 国际食品工作者联合会IUFOST 国际食品工艺学联合会；IUFOSTIUFOST(International Uion of Food Workers) 国际食品科学技术协会Japan Food Additives Associatiion(JFAA) 日本食品添加剂协会Japanese Standard of Food Additives(JSFA) 日本食品添加剂标准JECFA FAO/WHO 食品添加剂专家联合委员会；JECFAJECFA(Jonint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) FAO/WHO 食品添加剂联合专家委员会jecorize （食品的）鱼肝油（增补）化，外加鱼肝油JFAA(Japan Food Additives Associtatioin) 日本食品添加剂协会JFCMP(Jonit FAO/WHO Food Contamination Monitoring Programme) FAO/WHO联合食品污染监控计划Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives FAO/WHO 食品添加剂专家联合委员会；JECFAJoint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives(JECFA) FWO/WHO食品添加剂联合专家委员会Joint FAO/WHO Food Contamination Monitoring Programme(JFCMP) FAO/WHO联合食品污染监控计划JSFA(Japanese Standard of Food Additives) 日本食品添加剂标准junior food 幼儿食品junket 凝乳食品Junket dessert 乳酪食品kasher 犹太食品lacquers 漆；（食品容器的）涂料；罐头涂料lasting food 防腐食品，耐入存的食品leavened food 发酵食品，膨发食品low acid foods 低酸性食品[pH在4.6以上的食品]low calorie food 低热量（能量）食品low-fat food 低脂（肪）食品low-fat spread 低脂（肪）涂抹食品lubricating oil for food machine 食品工业用机械润滑油management of food hygiene 食品卫生管理marine food 海产食品，海味marine food 海产食品，海味microwaveable food 微波食品milk substitute 代乳食品minimally processed foods 最少加工食品modified food starch 改性食品用淀粉National Canners Association (NCA) (美国)罐头食品协会National Nutritonal Foods Association(NNFA) （美国）全国营养食品协会NCA(national Canners Association) （美国）罐头食品协会negative list （食品添加剂）禁止使用的一览表；否决单neutraceutical [具有预防疾病性质的一类食品添加剂，如β-胡萝卜素] niacytin 结合烟酸，烟酸与糖的络合物[由烟酸与食品中的某些成分结合而成] NNFA(National Nutritional Foods Association) (美国)全国营养食品协会novel food 新颖食品nutritive 营养的，滋养的，食品的，食物的objectionable constituent （食品中）有害成分olderly food 老年人食品pabulum 食粮，食品，饲料packing 充填物；食品加工业；填充；填料parkelp 褐藻类（制）食品pastry 焙烤（面制）食品，发面点心，面制糕点perishable 易腐的，易坏的；易腐食品；易腐货载perishable food 易腐食品pet food 宠物食品，玩赏动物食品phenylalanine-free food 无苯丙氨酸食品physical hazards, food-related 与食品有关的物理危害pickle 腌菜，泡菜；腌制食品pickled food 腌渍食品picnic 野餐，各人自带食品的聚餐；猪前腿（肉）PL(positive list) (食品添加剂的)准许使用名单positive list(PL) （食品添加剂的）准话使用名单pouch food （小）袋装食品prepared food 预制食品，速煮食品，方便食品，预加工食品preserved food 罐头食品processed cheese food 加工干酪食品；加工干酪制品processed food 加工食品protection food 合格食品，符合质量要求的食品protective food 保健食品puffed food 膨化食品quick-cooking good 速煮食品quick-frozen food 速冻食品quick-serve meal 快餐食品radiated food 辐射食品radicidation 辐射杀菌，辐射灭菌，针对性的杀菌；食品的低剂量射线处理ready-to-eat 方便食品，即食食品，速煮食品ready-to-eat product 方便食品ready-to-eat-meal 快餐食品，方便食品，现成食品ready-to-serve food 速煮食品recombined food 调制食品，重组食品recommended program of food safety evaluation 食品安全性评价程序建议reconstitution 复原，还原，冲调，复水；浓缩食品稀释至初始浓度Red book 红皮书[指美国FDA1982年出版的食品添加剂安全评价的毒物学原则一书] reformed food 改制食品regulatory status 食品法规管理restructured food 重组食品retorted foods 杀菌（袋装）食品，（高压）蒸煮袋食品SAA(The Soyfoods Association of America) 美国大豆食品协会satchel 纸袋，袋装食品[主要指糖果]SCF(European Scientific Committee on Food) （欧洲）食品员会Scientific Committee for Food (欧洲)食品科学委员会semimoist foods 半（湿）食品set milk 凝乳食品sitology 食品学，营养学smoke foods 烟熏食品snack food 小吃食品；休闲食品；零食；快餐食品snack foods 小食品sorption curve 吸收曲线[食品中水分和活性水分之相关曲线]soyfoods 大豆食品space dood 航天食品special used food 特殊用途食品special-purpose food 专用食品specific foods 特种食品standard of food hygiene 食品卫生标准standardized foods 标准化食品sterilized food 灭菌食品synergist and solubilizer for antioxidants and flavours 抗氧化剂和食品香味料的增效剂和增溶剂tannins(food grade) 食品级单宁technical rule of food hygiene 食品卫生技术规范textureizing agent （食品）增稠剂；质地形成剂texturometer （食品）稠度测定仪The Soyfoods Association of America(SAA) 美国大豆食品协会therapeutical food 疗效（性）食品ticbit 珍品，美味食品traditional food 传统食品U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 美国食品和药品管理局U.S.RDA(U.S.Recommended Daily Allowances) (美国食品和药品管理局)推荐的每日营养素供给量（标准）U.S.Recommended Daily Allowances(U.S.RDA) (美国食品和药品管理局)推荐的每日营养素供给量（标准）unintentional food additive 无意食品添加剂，非故意（加入的）食品添加剂，意外的食品添加剂United States Food and Drug Administration 美国食品与药物管理局；美国FDA untraceuticals 保健食品victual 食品，食物，粮食，饮食vitvers 食品，食物weaning food 断奶食品，离乳食品WFC(World Food Council) 世界食品署WFC(World Food Council) 世界食品署WFP(World Food Programme) 世界食品规划white oil for food-machinery 食品机械用白油wholesome 卫生的，有益健康的（食品）World Food Programme (WFP) 世界食品规划Oysters 牡蜊Mussels 蚌类、黑色、椭圆形、没壳的是淡菜Crab 螃蟹Prawn 虾clams 蛤蚌scallops扇贝(小)Crab stick 蟹肉条Peeled Prawns 虾仁King Prawns 大虾Tiger Prawns 虎虾Whelks Tops 小螺肉Shrimps 基围虾Cockles 小贝肉Lobster 龙虾花椒粉Paprika powder孜然粉Cumin powder姜粉Ginger powder麻椒粉Spicy hot powder去皮姜块Peeled Ginger Pieces月桂粉Cassia powder香味粉Bay Leaves powder胡萝卜粉Carrot granules丁香粉Ground Cloves powder葱片Shallot flakes蒜粉Garlic powder甜椒粉Sweet chilli powder黑胡椒粉Black Pepper Powder甜青椒sweet green chilli powder白胡椒粉White pepper powder香葱粉Shallot powder洋葱粉Onion Powder菠菜粉Spinach powder辣椒粉Chilli powder芹菜粉Celery powder五香粉Five Spices Powder芥茉粉Mustard powder咖喱粉Curry powder百里香粉Herbs powder八角粉(大料) Star Aniseed powder当归Angelic香菇粉Fungus powder芹菜粒Celery granules桂皮粉Cinnamon Powder牛肉粒Beef granules茴香粉Fennel powder南瓜粒Squash powder甘草粉Licorice powder人参粉Panax powder砂仁粉Amomum Powder黑胡椒碎Black pepper broken三奈粉Couidium officinale复合芥茉粉Mixed mustard power沙姜粉Sand ginger powder肉寇(玉果粉) Cardemon姜黄粉Turmeric powder白豆蔻粉White nutmeg powde红豆蔻粉Red nutmeg powder草莓粉Strawberry powder肉不同部位的英文翻译一、腰腹部分(质嫩)：适合炒肉片,火锅——Tenderloin (Short loin) 里脊............. (脊骨内侧(腹侧)条肉) Porterhouse(Short loin) 里脊,外脊........ (臀腰部脊骨背侧肉) T Bone ... (Short loin) 里脊,外脊........ (胸腰部脊骨背侧肉) Strip loin (Short loin) 嫩腰(诈称里脊) ... (二侧腰肉)Rib eye ......... (Rib) 上脑,外脊(诈称里脊)(胸部背脊肉,略肥) Top Sirloin . (Sirloin) 米龙(诈称里脊) ... (盆骨后肌,近腰臀肉) Tir-tip ..... (Sirloin) 三岔肉 ........... (盆骨前肌,近腹腿肉) Hanger ........ (Flank) 牛腩............. (胸腹隔肌)Flank, Skirt .. (Flank) 牛腩,腰窝........ (下腹肌)二、后腿部分（较老,瘦）：适合:烤,酱,卤——Rump ......... (Round) 后腿,仔盖,臀尖... (近腿臀肉)Sirloin tip .. (Round) 后腿,粗和尚头.... (大腿前伸肌)Eye round .... (Round) 后腿,榔头肉...... (大腿肚内芯)Top Round .... (Round) 后腿,底板肉...... (大腿肚)Bottom Round . (Round) 后腿,黄瓜肉,腱子肉(大腿肚近膝) 三、肩胸(前腿) 部分(质老,略肥)：适合:炖,红烧,酱,卤——Blade .... (Chuck eye) 上脑,前烧. (近頸脊背肉,质较嫩)7 Bone ....... (Chuck) 前烧,牛肩肉(肩背肉)Shouder ...... (Chuck) 前烧,牛肩肉(肩臂肉)四、肘子, 胸口(质极老) ：适合:炖,红烧,酱,卤——Shank ... 肘子,蹄胖,牛腱子. (前后小腿,瘦)Plate ... 弓扣,牛筋肉,牛腩 . (上腹肌,瘦)Brisket . 胸口,奶脯,牛筋肉. (胸脯肉,肥)品质、生产名称类词汇QC quality control||品质管理人员FQC final quality control||终点品质管制人员IPQC in process quality control||制程中的品质管制人员OQC output quality control||最终出货品质管制人员IQC incoming quality control||进料品质管制人员TQC total quality control||全面质量管理POC passage quality control||段检人员QA quality assurance||质量保证人员OQA output quality assurance||出货质量保证人员QE quality engineering||品质工程人员品质保证类：FAI first article inspection||新品首件检查FAA first article assurance||首件确认TVR tool verification report||模具确认报告3B 3B||模具正式投产前确认CP capability index||能力指数CPK capability index of process||模具制程能力参数SSQA standardized supplier quality||合格供应商品质评估OOBA out of box audit||开箱检查QFD quality function deployment||品质机能展开FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis||失效模式分析8 disciplines 8||项回复内容FA final audit||最后一次稽核CAR corrective action request||改正行动要求corrective action report||改正行动报告常用仪器的英语YAMATO科学仪器-Scientific-Instruments恒温·干燥器/恒温恒湿器Drying Ovens/Humidity Chambers送风定温恒温器Forced Convection Constant Temperature Ovens 惰性气体恒温器Inert Gas Ovens洁净烘箱（洁净干燥箱）Clean Ovens送风定温干燥器Forced Convection Constant Temperature Drying Ovens 空气幕送风定温恒温器Forced Convection Ovens With Air Curtain定温干燥箱Constant Temperature Drying Ovens角形真空定温干燥器Vacuum Drying Ovens恒温恒湿器Constant Temperature and Humidity Chambers流水线设备In-Line System for Underfill Adhesive and Encapsulation干燥架drying rack恒温培养器Constant Temperature Incubators可程式低温培养器Low Temperature Program Type Incubators低温培养器Low Temperature Incubators低温稳定性培养器Low Temperature Stability Incubators培养器IncubatorsCO2培养器CO2 Incubators振荡培养器Shaking Incubators冻结干燥器Freeze Dryers---冻结干燥器Freeze Dryers离心形冻结干燥器Centrifugal Freeze Dryers灭菌器Sterilizers---干热灭菌器Drying Sterilizers高压灭菌器Autoclaves Sterilizers低温等离子灭菌器Low Temperature Plasma Sterilizers环形燃烧管灭菌器Loop Cinerator纯水制造装置Water Purifiers---纯水制造装置Water Stills超纯水制造装置Ultra-pure Water Purifiers简易纯水制造装置Water Purifiers超纯水制造装置系统Ultra-pure Water Purifier System大容量纯水制造装置Water Purifiers System洗净器Washers---实验室玻璃器皿清洗机Laboratory Glassware Washers超声波清洗机Ultrasonic Cleaners大型超声波清洗机Aqueous Ultrasonic Cleaning Systems超声波试管清洗机Ultrasonic Pipet Washers超声波清洗机Ultrasonic Cleaners恒温液槽Constant Temperature Baths---投入式恒温装置Constant Temperature Devices油槽Oil Baths振荡式低温水槽Low Constant Temperature Shaking Baths深槽形恒温水槽Constant Temperature Water Baths粘度测定槽Kinematic Viscosity Baths液压式恒温水槽Constant Temperature Water Baths精密低温恒温水槽Precision Low Constant Temperature Water Baths试验管加热板Heating Blocks冷却液体循环器Cooling Liquid Circulators冷却水循环器Cooling Water Circulators便携式冷却器Immersion Cooler寒流捕获器Cooling Trap冷却水外部循环器Cooling Water Circulators试验槽Thoughs高温炉High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus---马弗炉Muffle Furnaces超高温电气炉Ultra-High Temperature Electric Furnaces高温电气炉High Temperature Electric Furnaces真空气体置换炉Gas Replacement Vacuum Furnaces造粒干燥装置Granulating and Drying Apparatus for Wet Powder Body and Liquid--- 喷雾干燥器Spray Dryer有机溶剂喷雾干燥器Spray Dryer生产线喷雾干燥器Spray Dryer for Product Line浓缩器Evaporators---旋转蒸发仪Rotary Evaporators溶媒回收装置Solvent Recovery Unit乳化·搅拌·振荡器Homogenizers, Stirrers, Shakers---磁力搅拌器Magnetic Stirrers加热板Hot Plates漩涡振荡器Shakers分液漏斗振荡器送液·减压·加压装置Aspirators, Pumps, Compressors搅拌器Stirrers实验室自动乳钵Laboratory Mill/Universal Ball Mill粉碎器Cutting MillsYAMATO电子厂关连仪器Electronics Facilities Related Devices等离子装置Low Temperature Ashers, Cleaners, Etchers---气体等离子蚀刻机Gas Plasma Etcher “Plasma Reactor”气体等离子清洗机Gas Plasma Dry Cleaner气体等离子灰化机Gas Plasma Asher半导体基板自动机器Automatic Machine电子半导体/材料关连仪器Electronics Facilities Related Devices---桌上小型探测显微镜Desk-Top Small Probe Microscope “Nanopics”半导体制造用检查装置Yield Management for Semiconductor Ptoducts非破坏评价解析装置Nondestructive Testing System紫外线洗净·改质装置Ultra-Violet Curing System尘埃计数器Particle Counters风速计Anemometers去静电风机、风幕及静电测定计Auto Balanced Over Head Ion Blower环境试验设备Temperature,Humidity Testing Chamber防湿保管库Moisture-proof StorageNanotechnology半导体用设备ANELV A日本电子制品Jeol振动试验装置Vibration Test Systems冲击试验装置Shock Testing SystemsLCD高压脱泡机YAMATO生命科学关连仪器Life-Science Related Instruments生物技术关连仪器·食品分析仪器Bio-Technology Related Instruments, Food Analysises Instruments—形态观察分析系统Mapping Analyzer生物分子间相互作用分析系统Biomioleculer Interaction Analysis System高速液相色谱仪LC-CE/CEC System血管壁细胞混合培养系统Dynamic Coculture System动植物破碎机基因检查仪器Genopattern AnalyzerATP测定器ATP Measuring Instrument分光光度计Microplate Spectrophotometer细胞培养·发酵用自动分析系统Automated Chemistry Analyzer for Monitoring Cell Culture and Fermentation Processes细胞生死判别系统Cell Vital Analyzer细胞计数分析装置Cell Scaler/Analyzer2元电泳仪荧光Spot Cutter高速冷却离心机High Speed Refrigerated,Centrifuges微量高速离心机High Speed micro-Centrifuges液体中微生物简单测试仪Simple Germ Test Kit “simple Tester”试料混合器Blender防爆冷藏柜Explosion proof Freezer and Refrigerator杀菌水生成系统Sterilization Water Production Device膜式脱气装置Filter-type Air Extractor抗酸化机能水制造装置Acid-Resistant Water Purifier高性能净水器反渗透式高性能净水器分析仪器Analytical Instruments---分光光度计Spectrophotometer元素分析装置Atomic Absorption SpectrophotometerICP发光分光分析ICP Atomic Emission SpectrophotometerX线光分析计X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis气体分析计Gas Analyzers回折/散乱式粒度分布测定装置Analyzer,Particle Size Distribution Laser Diffraction Device低真空走查电子显微镜Scanning Probe Micro Scope高速液相色谱仪Liquid Chromatograph滴定装置Automatic Titration大塚电子制品电位计膜厚计散乱光光度计LCD测定·评价装置热量计天平Balances物性试验·测定器Physical Properties Measuring Apparatus, Testing, and Measuring Apparatus---近红外分析装置Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectrometer融点测定仪Melting Point Measuring Instrument热分析系统Thermo System自动反应装置Automatic Reactor水分计Moisture Analyzer引张压缩试验机Tester,Tension and Compression数字粘度计Digital Viscometer振动式粘度计Vibro Viscometer浸透压测定装置Osmotic Pressure Meters超临界水酸化系统Small SCWO Systems重金属排液处理装置Heavy Metal Eliminator简易水质检查试验纸Water Quality Tester StripsPH计Phmeter导电率计Conductivity Meters湿度计Hygrothermometers过滤器FilterYAMATO试验研究设施Laboratory Design and Engineering---通风柜Fume Hoods排风机Blowers实验台Laboratory Furniture保管柜Storage Cabinets实验台用附属器具Carts and Laboratory Table Attachments环境制御设施Research Facilities, Product Lines, Environment control Devices---生物安全柜Biohazard Safety Equipment废水处理系统Waste Water Treatment试验动物饲养室Bio Clean Room for Animal experiment环境实验设施Research Facilities, Product Lines, Environment Experiment Facilities---电磁波室隔音室恒温室/恒温恒湿室Constant Temperature and Humidity Facilities低温室Constant Low Temperature Facilities人工气候室Artificial Atmospheric Phenomena Simulator动物研究用高压蒸汽灭菌装置Sterilization Systems, for Animal Research化学品/农药残留物检测系统- Chemical/pesticide residue testing;外界污染源勘测仪器- Detection of foreign contaminating objects;实验室设备和传感器- Laboratory equipment and sensors;射线杀菌和巴氏杀菌消毒技术- Irradiation sterilization and pasteurization technology;超高温杀菌设备- Over-temperature sterilization equipment;冷冻速冻设备- Freezing and deep freezing equipment;超临界萃取设备- Over-critical extraction equipment;膜分离设备- Velum seperation equipment;分子蒸馏设备- Molecule distillation equipment;无菌（真空）包装设备- Vacuum packaging equipment;化学品分析仪器- Chemical analyzers;食品成分分析仪器- Constituent analyzers;过滤设备- Filtration equipment;食品预处理设备- Food preparation equipment;湿度控制仪器- Humidity control equipment;食品配料分析仪器- Ingredient analyzers;污染控制设备- Pollution control equipment;离析器- Separators;饮业清洁设备- Catering sanitizers;温度纪录仪器- Temperature recording equipment;检测设备- Testing equipment;废物处理设备- Waste disposal equipment;水质量分析和控制设备- Water quality analysis and control equipment; 气相／液相色谱仪- Gas/Liquid chromatogram apparatus.溶剂- Solvents;餐饮业厨房用地板- Kitchen flooring for catering;手套- Gloves;清洁剂- Cleanser;试纸、试剂- Test paper and reagent.审核和认证服务- Auditing and certification;数据库和软件服务- Databanks and software on regulatory issues;实验室食品分析服务- Food analysis laboratory services;咨询服务- Consulting services;食品质量控制管理服务- Food quality control management services;食品安全管理服务- Food safety management services;食品卫生管理服务- Food hygiene management services;HACCP和BRC培训服务- HACCP & BRC training services;微生物检测和认证服务- Microbiology testing and identification services; 专家咨询服务- Regulatory experts services;食品安全保障技术- Food safety guarantee technology;生物工程技术- Biology engineering technology.营养与食品卫生学英汉互译词汇Aacceptable daily intake (ADI)每日允许摄入量acclimatization 气候适应accumulate 蓄积acetylandromedol 乙酰柽木醇毒acceptable risk level 可接受的危险水平acid-forming food 成酸性食品acid value 酸价Achromobacterium 无色菌属Act for preventing the adulteration of articles ex food and drink 防止饮食品掺假法activator 激活剂,活化剂activity coefficient,AC 活性系数actomyosin 肌凝蛋白acute toxicity test 急性毒性试验additive action 相加作用adipose tissue 脂肪组织administrative rule 行政规范adrenal cortical hormone 肾上腺皮质激素adsorption 吸附,吸附作用aerobic repiration 有氧呼吸aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素after-ripeness 后熟Agaricus 伞草属Agrostemma githago L. 麦仙翁Adequate intake,AI 适宜摄入量alamine 丙氨酸albumin 白蛋白albuminuria 蛋白尿alcohol 酒精alimentary codex 食品法规Alkaligenes 产碱杆菌属allowance 供给量alpha-BHC a-六六六alpha hemolytic streptococcus甲型溶血性链球菌Alternaria 交链孢霉aluminum hydroxide 氢氧化铝aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝Alzheimer's dementia早老性痴呆(阿耳茨海默痴呆) Amanita muscaria 毒蝇伞Amanita pantherina 豹斑毒伞Amanita phalloides 毒伞Amanita verna 白毒伞Amanita virosa 鳞柄白毒伞amaranth 苋莱红amatoxins 毒伞八肽类Ames test Ames 试验,艾姆斯试验amino acid pattern 氨基酸模式ammonia 氨Amoeba 阿米巴属,阿米巴原虫,变形虫属amphetamin chloride 冰毒amygdalin 苦杏仁甙amyl nitrite 亚硝基异戊酯amylose 直链淀粉amylopectin 支链淀粉anabolism 合成代谢anaerobic respiration 厌氧呼吸Andersen`s disease 安德森病angular stomatitis 口角炎anion exchange resins 阴离子交换树脂anisatin 毒八角亭antagonistic action 拮抗作用anthraquinone 蒽醌anti-cancer drugs 抗癌药物antiketogenesis 抗生酮作用antioxidant 抗氧化剂antitrypsin 抗胰蛋白酶anthropometry 人体测量学apatite 磷灰石apparent digestibility 表现消化率appetite 食欲apoferritin 脱铁铁蛋白apolipoprotein 载脂蛋白applied nutrition 应用营养aquatic organism 水生生物aquatic product 水产品arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸arcus senilis 老年环arginine 精氨酸arsenic 砷Arthrinium 节菱孢属Ascaris lumbricoides 蛔虫Ascaris vermicularis 蛲虫Ascomycetes 子囊菌纲ascorbate 抗坏血酸盐scorbic acid 抗坏血酸Aspergillus 曲霉属Aspergillus albicans 白曲霉Aspergillus candidus 亮白曲霉Aspergillus flavus 黄曲霉Aspergillus fumigatus 烟曲霉Aspergillus glaucus 灰绿曲霉Aspergillus nidulans 构巢曲霉Aspergillus niger 黑曲霉Aspergillus niveus 霉白曲霉Aspergillus ochraceus 赭曲霉Aspergillus parasiticus 寄生曲霉Aspergillus restrictus 局限曲霉Aspergillus terreus 土曲霉Aspergillus ustus 焦曲霉Aspergillus versicolor 采色曲霉Aspergillus wentti 温特曲霉atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化autophagy 自吞噬availability 可利用率avidin 抗生物素蛋白azide 重氮化合物BBacillus anthracis 炭疽杆菌Bacillus cereous 蜡样芽胞杆菌Bacillus erysipelatos-suis 猪丹毒杆菌Bacillus subtilis 枯草杆菌Bacillus tuberculosis bovis 牛型结核杆菌bacon 咸猪肉bacterial mutation test 细菌诱变试验bacteriocidal substance 杀菌物质bacteriophage 噬菌体balanced diet 平衡膳食balance test 平衡实验Balantidium coli 结肠小袋绦虫B.alcaligenes metalcaligenes 粪产碱杆菌barley 大麦basal metabolic rate,BMR 基础代谢率basal metabolism，BM 基础代谢basic energy exenditure,BEE 基础能量消耗base-forming food 成碱性食品Basidiomycetes 担子菌纲bean curd 豆腐bean curd blade 百叶bean sprout 豆芽beet 甜菜beetle 甲虫类benefit-risk analysis 利害分析benzimidazole 苯骈咪唑benz(a)anthracene (BA) 苯并(a)蒽benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) 苯并(a)芘benzylamine oxidase 苄胺氧化酶beriberi 脚气病beta-BHC β-六六六β-carotene β-胡萝卜素beta hemolytic streptococcus乙型溶血性链球菌betanin 甜菜苷BHC;1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane六六六bilirubin 胆红素biliverdin 胆绿素bilobol 白果(二)酚bioconcentration 生物富集,生物浓集biodeterioration 生物危害bioenergetics 生物能量学biofeedback 生物反馈biohazard 生物危害biological concentration生物富集,生物浓集biological expansion 生物性膨胀(罐头) biological half-time 生物半减期biological prevention 生物防治biological value 生物价(生理价值) biosynthesis 生物合成biotin 生物素biotransformation 生物转化biotransport 生物转运bis(P-chlorophenyl)acetic acid pp'-滴滴埃1,l'-bis(P-chlorophenyl)-2,2--dichloroethane pp′-滴滴滴1,l'-bis(P-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethylene pp′-滴滴伊。

食品专业英语课程教学大纲(食品科学与工程专业适用）一、课程基本概况：课程名称：食品专业英语课程名称：ENGLISH FOR FOOD SPECIALTY课程编号：课程总学时：30学时课程学分：课程分类：选修开设学期：第5学期适用专业：食品科学与工程先修课程：食品化学、食品分析、食品营养与卫生及相应的食品工艺专业课二、课程性质、目的和任务本课程是食品科学与工程专业选修的一门专业基础课，学生在完成基础英语的学习之后，随着专业基础课或专业课学习的进一步深入，该门课作为一个过度阶段，帮助学生接触专业方面的英语资料，掌握英语专业书刊的阅读技巧，提高学习专业的兴趣。

三、主要内容、重点及深度1 INTRODUCTION重点：使学生了解食品专业英语在专业学习当中的重要性；了解食品专业英语的学习方法和特点。

2 NUTRITIONA Nutritiona Nutrition and Food: Definitionsb Essential Nutrients---Chemistry and FunctionsB Effect of Processing and Preservation Practice on Nutritive Valuesa Dehydrated and Dry Foodsb Combined Treatments重点：被动句和长句的翻译；表格内容的说明；数据范围的表达方式。

关于分类的表达方式；关于数量增减的表达方式；难点：被动句的翻译。

3 FOOD PROCESSINGA An Important and Most Acceptable Fooda Raw Material For BreadWheat FlourYeastOther Materialsb Process Descriptionc Manufacturing Characteristics of BreadB Nutritional Enrichment of Fooda Rationale for Enrichment of Foodb Enrichment TechnologyC Canning Vegetable and Fruita Sterilizing Foodb Choosing and Preparing Vegetables and Fruitsc Checking Seals and Labeling Containersd Storing Canned Foodse Cannersf Containersg Closuresh LidsD White Table Winea Raw Materials Selectionb Further Processing and Microbial Fermentationc Stabilization and FinishingE Soybean milk重点：工艺流程的表达方式；关于报道的表达方式；关于描述的表达方式；关于举例的表达方式。

《食品专业英语》课程教学大纲一．课程代号：03072204二．课程名称：食品专业英语三．学分：3学分学时：52 理论学时：52 实验学时：0四．课程性质：食品科学与工程专业(本科)的公共限选课五．先修课程：食品微生物学、食品生物化学、酶学、食品工艺学、营养与卫生学、烹饪、食品分析六．教学目标、教学要求：通过本课程教学，应使学生掌握专业英语的专业词汇，掌握专业英语的翻译方法，掌握专业英语科技文献阅读的基本技能，以胜任学生未来工作和继续发展的要求。

本课程要求学生：1．重点掌握食品营养卫生学、食品微生物学、酶学、食品发酵工艺学方面的专业词汇；2．了解专业英语的基本翻译语法要点；3．掌握专业科技文献阅读的基本要求。

七．教学内容：1．Lesson 1 Nutrition (4学时)Nutrition and Food: Definition;The Nutrients;Recommended Dietry Allowances;Margin of Safety Allows for Individual Differences;Differences in Nutrient Utilization Considered.基本要求：（1）句子结构分析；（2）连词and的译法；（3）翻译要点的运用：增译和减译、词类转译、后置定语和后置定语从句的译法等。

重点：运用翻译语法要点翻译复杂句。

难点：复杂句子的结构分析。

2．Lesson 2 Carbohydrates (6学时)Sources, Types, and Terminology;Carbohydrate Composition of Food.基本要求：（1）掌握关于碳水化合物方面专业词汇的构词法，如后缀-ose, -ulose, -an和前缀-glyc等；（2）运用翻译要点翻译句子。

重点：构词法。

难点：翻译要点的运用：句子成分转译和被动语态。

3．翻译方法（8学时）（1）构词法（2）单词（3）词类转换的译法（4）句子成分转换的译法（5）被动语态的译法（6）后置定语从句的译法（7）专业英语的主要特点和翻译标准基本要求：熟悉各种翻译要点。

食品专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "shelf life" in food science refers to the period during which a food product is expected to remain:A. FreshB. EdibleC. UnchangedD. All of the above2. Which of the following is not a common food additive?A. PreservativesB. EmulsifiersC. Flavor enhancersD. Natural sugars3. The process of ________ is used to kill bacteria in food products.A. FermentationB. PasteurizationC. CanningD. Drying4. The unit "ppm" stands for:A. Parts per millionB. Pounds per minuteC. Percentage point marginD. Per pound mass5. In food processing, the term "HACCP" refers to:A. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control PointsB. High Accuracy Control ProgramC. Health and Community Care ProgramD. High-altitude Cooking and Cooling Process6. The main purpose of using enzymes in food production is to:A. Increase the nutritional valueB. Enhance the flavorC. Improve the textureD. Accelerate the reaction rate7. Which of the following is a method of food preservation?A. FreezingB. SmokingC. Both A and BD. None of the above8. The chemical formula for table salt is:A. NaClB. KClC. CaCl2D. MgCl29. The "five senses" in sensory evaluation of food do not include:A. TasteB. SmellC. SightD. Temperature10. The term "rancidity" in food science is associated with the oxidation of:A. ProteinsB. CarbohydratesC. LipidsD. Vitamins二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The ________ is a technique used to determine the fat content in meat products.(Infra-red spectroscopy)12. A ________ is a person who is trained to evaluate food products using their senses.(Sensory panelist)13. The ________ is the process of removing water from food to extend its shelf life.(Dehydration)14. The ________ is a type of food spoilage caused by the growth of mold.(Mycotoxin)15. The ________ is a method used to preserve food by using high temperatures and pressure.(Sterilization)16. The ________ is the study of the chemical, physical, and biological properties of food.(Food science)17. The ________ is a technique used to detect the presence of specific microorganisms in food.(Microbiological analysis)18. The ________ is a food additive that helps to maintain the color of food products.(Antioxidant)19. The ________ is a process used to remove impurities from food products.(Purification)20. The ________ is the study of the changes in food during processing and storage.(Food chemistry)三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）21. What are the main functions of food additives in the food industry?Answer: The main functions of food additives include preserving food to prevent spoilage, enhancing the flavor and texture of food, improving the appearance of food, and providing nutritional benefits.22. Describe the steps involved in the HACCP system.Answer: The HACCP system involves seven steps: 1) Assess the hazards associated with the food; 2) Determine thecritical control points; 3) Establish critical limits for each control point; 4) Monitor the control points to ensure they are within the limits; 5) Corrective actions if thelimits are exceeded; 6) Verify that the HACCP system is working effectively; 7) Record keeping for all the steps and actions taken.四、论述题（每题25分，共50分）23. Discuss the importance of food safety and the role of regulatory bodies in ensuring it.Answer: Food safety is crucial to prevent foodborne illnesses and protect public health. Regulatory bodies play a key role by setting standards, monitoring compliance, conducting inspections, and enforcing regulations to ensure that food products are safe for consumption.24. Explain the concept of "sustainable food production" and its significance in today's world.Answer: Sustainable food production refers to thepractice of producing food using methods that protect the environment, public health, and community well-being while ensuring long-term food security. It is significant in。

L4WHO has been actively participating in the development of principles and recommendation for the safety assessment of GM foods derived from genetically modified organisms (GMO).世界卫生组织现已积极的参与到评价对转基因食品安全的原则和建议中。

世界卫生组织现已积极的参与到对转基因食品的安全评估的原则和建议的发展中。

The result developed in the course of various expert consultations from the basis for guidelines on national levels and are presently being incorporated into internationally recognized standards.不同专家基于本国的技术水平而商讨的结果目前已被作为公认的权威标准。

这个结果在各种专家磋商会议中得以发展并形成了国家水平指导方针的基础，目前正编入国际公认的标准中。

The next generation of genetically modified foods will be crops with improved nutritional value, thus crossing the borderline to “functional foods” and “nutraceuticals”.我方准备把高蛋白玉米作为下一代的转基因食品，并将打破功能食品与螺旋杆菌间定义上的灰色界限下一代转基因食品将是营养价值得到提高的作物，因此它跨越了功能食品和营养食品的界限。

Evaluations will increasingly have to consider the impact of a GM food on the overall nutritional status taking into account the different needs in developed and developing countries .评估机构必将倾向于考虑转基因食品对人体蛋白比率的影响以确保其符合发展中与发达国家的不同需求考虑到发展国家和发展中国家的不同需求，评估将越加考虑转基因食品在总营养状况方面的影响。

电子出版物数据中心中国轻工业出版社出品京新出音[2010]419号ISBN 978-7-89991-109-9高等学校专业教材食品专业英语文选（第二版）许学勤主编目录•Lesson 1 Food Industry •Lesson 2 Water•Lesson 3 Carbohydrates •Lesson 4 Proteins•Lesson 5 Lipids•Lesson 6 Vitamins and Minerals •Lesson 7 Food Additive •Lesson 8 Food Microbiology •Lesson 9 Fermentation Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary•Lesson 10 Physical Properties of Foods•Lesson 11 Food Dispersions•Lesson 12 Food Preservation•Lesson 13 Food Processing•Lesson 14 Unit Operations in Food Processing •Lesson 15 Food Packaging•Lesson 16 Thermal Treatment and Thermal Processing •Lesson 17 Food Concentration•Lesson 18 Food Dehydration and Drying Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary•Lesson 19 Food Freezing•Lesson 20 Extrusion Cooking•Lesson 21 Membrane Separation•Lesson 22 Meat and Meat Products•Lesson 23 Milk and Milk Products•Lesson 24 Poultry and Eggs•Lesson 25 Principles of Baking•Lesson 26 Confectionery and Chocolate Products •Lesson 27 Fruit Juices Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary•Lesson 28 Beverages•Lesson 29 Food Safety•Lesson 30 Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points •Lesson 31 Good Manufacturing Practice （GMP）•Lesson 32 Sanitation in Food Plant•Lesson 33 Food Quality•Lesson 34 Shelf-life of Food Products Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary。

多用单词：Emulsifying乳化的 Biotin生物素 Choline胆碱 Phytochemicals 植物素 caramelization焦糖化反应 Preventing spoilage防止变质Monosaccharides单糖 Oligosaccharide 低聚糖Polysaccharides 多糖pyrolysis热解fudge软糖gelatinization凝胶化irreversible swelling不可逆溶胀hemi-cellulose半纤维素Xylan木聚糖，arabinogalactan, 阿拉伯半乳聚糖galactoglucomannan半乳葡甘露聚糖 pectin果胶agar琼脂 algin 藻胶 xanthan gum黄原胶 Glycogen糖原 trypsin 胰蛋白酶 pepsin 胃蛋白酶 ovalbumin卵清蛋白 ferritin铁蛋白hemoglobin血红蛋白 lipoproteins脂蛋白 actin and myosin肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白thrombin凝血酶 insulin胰岛素 collagen胶原keratin角蛋白elastin粘性蛋白Membranes细胞膜Thiamin硫胺素vb1 Riboflavin核黄素vb2 alpha tocopherol生育酚 Niacin烟酸Pantothenic acid泛酸 Folic acid.叶酸 coenzyme辅酶 osmosis 渗透作用 amylose直链淀粉 amylopectin支链 rancidity酸败bran麸皮 pyramid金字塔 glycerol甘油 preservatives防腐剂constipation便秘diverticular憩室的hemorrhoids痔疮Diabetes糖尿病Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Cardiovascular diseases心血管疾病 anthocyanidin花青素 polyphenol多元酚pigments色素 spectrophotometers分光光度计 astringency涩味Nitrogen氮purines嘌呤, pyrimidines嘧啶porphyrin卟啉adenosine triphosphate三磷酸腺苷linoleic acid亚油酸Thyroid function甲状腺功能citric柠檬酸 isocitric异柠檬酸 malic苹果酸 Oxalic草酸, tartaric酒石酸, succinic acids.琥珀酸esters酯类 alcohols醇类 ethers醚类, ketones.酮类 Heat denaturation热变性sterilization灭菌 sanitizing消毒membrane processing膜处理microfiltration微过滤sediment沉淀物ultrafiltration超滤 carotene胡萝卜素 hydrophobic疏水性hydrophilic亲水性 hydrogel水凝胶chiral手性的D-glycerose D-甘油醛 heteroglycan杂聚糖polyunsaturated 多不饱和键的catalyst 催化剂翻译句型：Although metals are crystalline solids, this is not immediately apparent when they are examined under a microscope.虽然金属是晶体，但是当在显微镜下观察时，并不是立刻就那么明显。