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首先，在进行对应的讲解之前，我们必须搞清楚插入语的概念，在英语的语言使用习惯中，若有这么一部分内容，在句中以标点形式和主句分隔(常见为双逗号或破折号)，不作句子的何种成分，也不和句子的何种成分发生结构关系，同时既不起连接作用，也不表示语气，这样的成分称之为插入语。
最大的原则在于如果将其删除，句子本身结构依旧完整。
就作用而言，插入语一般用于对主句的额外补充说明或解释，表示说话人的观点或想法，强调或突出主句意思，或进行逻辑上的承接和过渡等。
关于插入语的分类：1.形容词或形容词短语作插入语(true，wonderful，excellent，strange to say，most important of all， sure enough等)例一：True，he left us.例二：Most important of all，we must do enough research before writinga paper.2.副词或副词短语作插入语(indeed，surely，still，otherwise，certainly，however，generally， personally，honestly，fortunately，luckily，though，besides，exactly，perhaps，maybe，probably，frankly，or rather等)例一：Indeed，it was the attitude and not the result that is important. 例二：When we got there，we found，however，he had already gone.3.介词短语作插入语(in fact，in one’s opinion，in general，in a word，in other words，in a few words，of course，by the way，as a result，for example，on the contrary，on the other hand，to one’s surprise，in short，as a matter of fact，in conclusion，in brief等)例一：In fact，I failed the exam finally.例二：As a matter of fact，we are supposed to gain something after working hard.4.分词或分词短语作插入语(现在分词-ing，过去分词-ed)现在分词：例一：Generally speaking，men are stronger than women.例二：Judging from the tone，I think Tom is in a bad mood.过去分词：例一：Compared with women，men are stronger.5.不定式或不定式短语作插入语(to be frank，to be honest，to be sure，to tell you the truth，to make matters worse，to sum up，to start with，to begin with等)例一：To tell the truth，it was Tom who stole the bag.例二：To conclude，chances are for the people who have prepared better.6.句子作插入语(I am sure，I believe，I think，I know，I suppose，I hope，I’m afraid，you see， what’s more，that is to say，as we know，as I see，believe it or not等)例一：What’s more，enough sleep ensures a better exertion.例二：We will win the match finally，I believe.若对英语中句子成分进行划分，有以下几类：主谓宾定状补表，尤其注意，在进行理解和分类时，综上所述的插入语部分，并不在此列，属于主句以外单独的成分，实际对于主干的理解影响并不是特别重大。
托福阅读长难句如何分析托福阅读长难句如何分析?简化句式是关键,今日我给大家带来了托福阅读长难句如何分析，盼望能够关心到大家，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
托福阅读长难句如何分析?简化句式是关键一.托福阅读长难句定义当我们拿到一道句子简化题的时候，首先要做的就是对于题目中消失的长难句进行句类的推断。
假如该句只含有一个主谓结构，并且句子各成分都只由单词或者短语构成，那么这个句子就是简洁句。
假如该句包含分句，那么这个句子就是简单句。
二.找主干可简化长难句当我们完成对于长难句的句类推断时，我们就要开头对这个句子内部的规律关系进行分析。
对于简洁句来说，我们要找出这个句子的主干，也就是主谓宾语。
而对于简单句来说，我们需要做的就是分析简单句内部各分句之间的规律关系。
在句子简化题中最常考的规律关系分别有四种：并列、因果、转折、比较。
要推断规律关系，考生可以在阅读过程中查找相应的规律词，如and、but、because等等。
三.找规律关系关心理解长难句当我们完成对句子的分析之后，我们就要去看选项了。
但是这个时候我们不能只是去看选项，我们要做的是在选项里查找我们刚刚对句子进行分析的结果：主干和规律关系。
下面小站君将选取官方真题Official中的一道题来详细讲解上面方法在实际中的运用。
该题考到的长难句和问题如下：If the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held。
托福长难句120句解析一、句子解析1. The professor's lecture was so convoluted that it was difficult for the students to follow.解析：这个句子中，convoluted意为“复杂的”，表示教授的讲座内容非常复杂，以至于学生很难理解和跟随。
2. Despite her extensive preparation, she struggled with the difficult questions on the exam.解析：这个句子中，despite意为“尽管”，表示尽管她做了大量的准备工作，但仍然在考试中遇到了困难的问题。
3. The author uses a series of rhetorical questions to engage the reader and provoke thought.解析：这个句子中，rhetorical questions意为“修辞性问题”，表示作者使用了一系列的修辞性问题来吸引读者并引发思考。
4. The government's decision to increase taxes was met with widespread opposition from the public.解析：这个句子中，met with意为“遭遇”，表示政府增税的决定受到了公众的广泛反对。
5. The new technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we live and work.解析：这个句子中，has the potential to意为“有潜力”，表示新技术有潜力彻底改变我们的生活和工作方式。
6. The company's profits have plummeted as a result of the economic downturn.解析：这个句子中，plummeted意为“暴跌”，表示由于经济衰退，公司的利润暴跌。
托福阅读长难句解析一、托福阅读长难句解析的重要性托福阅读里那些长难句就像一个个小怪兽，超级难搞。
每次看到它们，心里就想“哎呀，这都是啥呀”。
长难句解析可太有用啦，就像给我们一把打败小怪兽的宝剑。
如果能把长难句搞定，托福阅读的分数肯定能往上提一提呢。
二、长难句的特点1. 结构复杂长难句往往有好多从句，像定语从句、状语从句啥的。
有时候一个句子里套着好几个从句，就像俄罗斯套娃一样，让人看得眼花缭乱。
比如说“ The book that I bought yesterday which has a very beautiful cover is very interesting.”这里面既有that引导的定语从句，又有which引导的定语从句。
2. 词汇量大长难句里还经常会有一些比较生僻或者高级的词汇。
这些词汇就像拦路虎，增加了理解句子的难度。
比如“perplexing”这个词，意思是令人困惑的，如果不认识这个词，那这个句子理解起来就会有问题。
三、解析长难句的方法1. 找出句子主干这就像是抓住小怪兽的关键部位。
先把那些修饰成分去掉，找到主谓宾等主要结构。
比如在句子“Altho ugh he was tired after a long day of work, he still went to the gym.”中，句子的主干就是“he went to the gym”，“Although he was tired after a long day of work”是状语从句，是修饰部分。
2. 分析从句当找出主干后，再去看那些从句。
搞清楚从句在句子里的作用，是修饰名词的定语从句，还是表示时间、原因等的状语从句呢。
像在句子“I know the man who is sta nding there.”中，“who is standing there”就是定语从句，用来修饰“the man”的。
3. 积累词汇词汇可是基础呀。
分分钟教你如何搞定托福阅读长难句!要说托福阅读最难的部分，那一定非长难句莫属了。
所以，想要在新托福阅读中拿到高分的朋友，请一定在备考过程中将长难句拿下。
下面，是天道小编专门为此准备的方法，正在准备托福考试的小伙伴儿不妨参考一下。
新托福阅读需要技巧，考场上经常出现反复多遍阅读仍不能理解句子大意的情况，从而成为了阅读理解和得分的绊脚石。
考生可以掌握托福阅读长难句一般处理方法，逐步攻克长难句。
来看详细介绍!首先，针对长句，利用主干精简长句请看例句：On rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770’s when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina, commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble statues of William Pitt. (在零星的某些需要精美雕塑品的时候，美国人会转而求助外国雕刻艺术家，比如在1770年纽约市和南卡罗来纳的查理斯顿市就委托了英国人J.W.制作了掌权者William Pitt的大理石雕像。
)如果全部精读逐词翻译，由于信息过于杂乱会导致抓不住重点，也就是我们所说的句子虽然读了但对讲的是什么事情基本没印象概括不出来大意。
但我们提炼句子主干，原句精简为：American turned to foreign sculptors. 大意立即明了是：美国人请外国雕刻艺术家帮忙。
句子主旨很清晰。
其次：针对生僻概念，利用重点规避难点例如：Were Earth to be juxtAPosed with the great Red Spot, our planet would be dwarfed in comparison, with a diameter less than half that of the great Red Spot. (如果把地球和木星星云大红斑并排摆列的话，我们的星球显得相形见绌，直径不到大红斑的一半左右。
托福阅读中的一句长难句讲解This nascent world system developed as a result of insatiable demands for nonlocal raw materials in different ecological regions where societies were developing along very similar evolutionary tracks toward greater complexity.本句话是来自tpo63：The Sumerians and Regional Interdependence 苏美尔人与区域相互依存这一句的难点在于：词汇难，术语多，结构复杂. 上下文逻辑理困难.第一步：句子成分划分和翻译同学们可以自己先划分句子成分，再看老师的划分。
This nascent world system + developed[ as a result of insatiable demands for nonlocal raw materials/ in different ecological regions]（where societies + were developing /along very similar evolutionary tracks/ toward greater complexity. )这句话主要有2部分：（一）主干句：主语：This nascent world system 谓语：developed 状语：as a result of insatiable demands for nonlocal raw materials in different ecological regions.这是一个有3个介词短语组成的状语结构：① as a result of insatiable demands由于贪得无厌的需求② (demands) for nonlocal raw materials对非本地的原材料的需求③ in different ecological regions（原材料）来自不同的生态区域⭐️难点2：这一些较难的生词/术语：1️⃣ nascent：“初生的、萌芽的”。
托福阅读考试长难句分析托福阅读长难句分析(1)In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet itspurpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered them——evenwhile building materials have changed dramatically.(44)大家先自己理解，多想想，先别看解析，看不明白，再看下面的解析。
(In order for the structure) (to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose), architecture employs methods of support that, (because they are based on physical laws), have changed little since people first discovered them—— (even while building materials have changed dramatically. )老邪分析：一个句子重点在于主干，看懂了主干，就看懂了句子的主要成分。
以下主干为句子中红色部分，括号里均是修饰成分。
修饰一：(In order for the structure)，介词短语修饰二：(to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose)，非谓语做形容词性修饰structure修饰三：(because they are based on physical laws)，插入语，插入语记得先跳过去，断句别出问题，that和have changed是在一起的。
托福阅读难懂语法点分析托福阅读难懂语法点分析,5大类后置定语举例说明。
今天给大家带来托福阅读难懂语法点分析,希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读难懂语法点分析5大类后置定语举例说明什么是托福阅读中的后置定语?托福阅读中后置定语，顾名思义分为后置和定语两个部分。
后置也就是此种短语出现的位置是在名词之后，定语就是起到修饰限定作用的短语，注意是短语而不是句子，本质上相当于形容词。
所以后置定语就是放在名词的后面起到限定修饰作用的短语。
托福阅读后置定语第一类形容词做后置定语。
如：fossil available.即为可用的化石。
托福阅读后置定语第二类介词短语做后置定语。
如lava on the surface，中on the surface介词短语修饰lava，表示为表面上的熔岩。
托福阅读后置定语第三类现在分词短语做后置定语。
如the blood vessels carrying cooled blood.中的carrying cooled blood就是现在分词短语用来修饰限定the blood vessels，理解为运载着凉的血液的血管。
托福阅读后置定语第四类过去分词短语做后置定语，the gradual drying of the soil caused by its diminished ability中的caused by its diminished ability 就是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰the gradual drying of the soil，理解为减少的能力导致的土壤的干燥。
托福阅读后置定语第五类不定式短语做后置定语。
the ability to absorb water中to absorb water限定修饰the ability，理解为吸收水的能力。
托福阅读长难句实战向分析演练：The question of why infantile...托福阅读长难句实例The question of why infantile amnesia occurs has intrigued psychologists for decades, especially in light of ample evidence that infants and young children can display impressive memory capabilities.句子分析本句的主语是the question，谓语动词是has intrigued。
托福阅读长难句200句和详细解析同学们，有没有这样的情况发生?一个句子当中每一个单词你都认识，但你看不懂这句话，这个感觉是不是十分的诡异?托福阅读长难句因为词汇只是基础，句子才是交流最基本的单位，看阅读是看句子，句子看不懂就是啥也没懂。
小编为大家列举200句及对应解析，希望帮助大家掌握理解长难句的分析方法，攻克这一难关。
1. Even the kind of stability defined as simple lack of change is not always associated with maximum diversity.2. Even if the new population is of a different species, it can approximately fill the niche vacated by the extinct population and keep the food web intact.3. Their seed heads raised just high enough above the ground to catch the wind, the plants are no bigger than they need be, their stems are hollow, and all the rigidity comes from their water content.4. By contrast, in the United States an estimated 97 million birds are killed each year when they collide with buildings made of plate glass, 57 million are killed on highways each year; at least 3.8 million die annually from pollution and poisoning; and millions of birds are electrocuted each year by transmission and distribution lines carrying power produced by nuclear and coal power plants.5. A recent Douglas biographer states:" The deer which once picturesquely dotted the meadows around the fort were gone [in 1832], hunted to extermination in order to protect the crops."6. Scientists first identified this impact in 1980 from the worldwide layer of sediment deposited from the dust cloud that enveloped the planet after the impact.7. Only a few organisms especially tolerant of very salty conditions remained.8. Paleontologists have argued for a long time that the demise of the dinosaurs was caused by climatic alterations associated with slow changes in the positions of continents and seas resulting from plate tectonics.9. The answer may be that virtually all the water on Mars is now locked in the permafrost layer under the surface, with more contained in the planet’s polar caps.10. But belief in this ice-free corridor began to crumble when paleoecologist Glen MacDonald demonstrated that some of the most important radiocarbon dates used to support the existence of an ice-free corridor were incorrect.11. Spores light enough to float on the breezes were carried thousands of miles from more ancient lands and deposited at random across the bare mountain flanks.12. Interestingly enough, several of these hydrodynamic adaptations resemble features designed to improve the aerodynamics of high-speed aircraft.13. Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore, a tribe that dwells in the New Guinea highlands.第五类14. Perceiving an apparent connection between certain actions performed by the group and the result it desires, the group repeats, refines and formalizes those actions into fixed ceremonies, or rituals.15. One, set forth by Aristotle in the fourth century B.C., sees humans as naturally imitative—as taking pleasure in imitating persons, things, and actions and in seeing such imitations.16. A more complicated system is, in general, more likely than a simple system to break down.17. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines has pitted environmentalists who champion wildlife protection against environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy.18. Second, conservation has been insured by limiting times for and types of hunting.19. It has been suggested that these figurines were an ideal type or an expression of a desire for fertility.20. A third likely explanation for infantile amnesia involves incompatibilities between the ways in which infants encode information and the ways in which older children and adults retrieve it.21. Whether people can remember an event depends critically on the fit between the way in which they earlier encoded the information and the way in which they later attempt to retrieve it.22. Critics also point out that the shallow seaways had retreated from and advanced on the continents numerous times during the Mesozoic, so why did the dinosaurs survive the climatic changes associated with the earlier fluctuations but not with this one?23. This would have created a barrier of ice extending from the Alaska Peninsula, through the Gulf of Alaska and southward along the Northwest Coast of North America to what is today the state of Washington.24. Teachers, it is thought, benefit from the practice of reflection, the conscious act of thinking deeply about and carefully examining the interactions and events within their own classrooms.25. They describe the initial understanding in the teachers with whom they were working as being "utilitarian...and not rich or detailed enough to drive systematic reflection."26. Liston (1987) point out the inconsistency between the role of the teacher asa (reflective) professional decision maker and the more usual role of the teacher asa technician, putting into practice the ideas of others.27. Other features, however, show experts that Pakicetus is a transitional form between a group of extinct flesh-eating mammals, the mesonychids, and cetaceans.28. Sociobiology views much social behavior, including aggressive behavior, as genetically determined.29. The Democrats tended to view society as a continuing conflict between "the people”-farmers, planters, and workers-and a set of greedy aristocrats.30. Nor did the Whigs envision any conflict in society between farmers and workers on the one hand and businesspeople and bankers on the other.解析：1、系好安全带能够挽救性命，它能将丧生和重伤的概率减少一半以上。
五分钟教你如何看懂托福阅读长难句
为了帮助大家高效备考托福口语，熟悉托福阅读长难句，新东方在线托福网为大家带来五分钟教你如何看懂托福阅读长难句一文，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。
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T:托福阅读最大的障碍是什么?
S1:单词不认识。
S2:划分不清楚句子结构。
S3:句子逻辑关系一团乱麻。
在处理阅读长难句的时候，我们总会想到这些问题：我们是否认识足够的单词和词组?我们是否掌握句子的语法结构?我们是否清楚句子中的逻辑关系?当看到上面的对话和下面这幅图片的时候，Ada老师总会想到那些在长难句的泥沼中痛苦挣扎的学生们。
面对句子中的一大串字符就好像看见图片中的一大堆细小零件，很多同学总是一筹莫展难以拼出一个完整的意思。
那到底长难句的障碍是什么呢?
下面具体看看几位同学的翻译实例：
举个栗子
S1: The answer to such questions has nothing to do with a lack of skill or imagination on the part of Egyptian artists and everything to do with the purposes for which they were producing their art.
上图中学生的整句翻译意思是很不通顺的，中文里面最蹩脚的部分就是“没有任何事可做伴随一个缺乏技能”和“又有任何事可做伴随他们”。
看完这两个部分，作为一个正常中文合格的人都是很难理解的。
归根到底是因为该生不能理解“has nothing to do with”和“has everything to do with”这两个词组的意思，从而造成整句的中文很奇怪。
我相信有很多学生都会碰到相同的问题：读句子的时候发现句子里面有太多的生僻单词或词组，导致分析了几遍之后也还是意思很奇怪。
单词是一切英语学习的基础，对于托福阅读长难句的理解也是至关重要的。
同时很多句子里面都还会用到词组，词组起到了提纲挈领的作用把整个句子枝枝蔓蔓的内容都统领起来。
如果上句中的这两个固定搭配学生明白意思是“与…有关”和“与…无关”，那么中文翻译意思就很明确：问题的答案是与埃及艺术家缺乏技能或者想象力无关的，是与他们创造艺术的目的相关。
所以我们在理解长难句的时候要努力多去积累一些单词和词组。
再举个栗子
S2: Paleontologists have argued for a long time thatthe demise of the dinosaurs was caused by climatic alterations associated withslow changes in the positions of continents and seas resulting from platetectonics.
从上图中的翻译可以看出该生对于句子里面的大部分单词都是掌握了的，但是翻译出来的句子从头到尾没有任何节点，就像一长串诡异的符咒很难读懂。
可见对于理解托福阅读长难句来说，只有词汇是远远不够的，句子才是交流最基本的单位，学生需要在短时间内迅速理解出长难句的意思还需要拥有强大的语法功底正确划分句子结构。
换句话说，英文的一长串字符需要我们用断句的方法划分成不同的意群，从而提取出句子的主干也就是主谓宾结构，那么句子的意思就化繁为简。
但是难点在于托福阅读长难句的主干并不是那么清晰得就能够分辨出来，在长难句中会出现很多修饰成分和语法现象，比如定语、插入语、状语之类的内容，让句子冗长也变得可怕。
上图翻译的句子中就出现了两个很重要的语法点，一个是从句，另一个是两个非谓语动词做定语结构。
当我们把这些语法点划分清楚断句，句子的主干就是：Paleontologists have argued that the demise of the dinosaurs was caused by climatic alterations。
其中associated with slow changes in the positions of continents and seas是定语成分用来修饰气候变化，而resulting from plate tectonics也同样是定语成分用来修饰缓慢的位置变化。
通过这样的断句分析主谓宾之后，就不会出现图片中学生翻译的句子简单将整句话按照顺序拼凑，而变成：古生物学家争论了很长一段时间，恐龙的死亡是由于气候变化造
成的，这个气候变化是与板块构造学引起的大陆和海洋的缓慢位置变化相关的。
所以想要攻克长难句关键在于把修饰成分正确断句分开找到句子的主干。
最后一个栗子
S3. Only the last ofthese was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and althoughwaterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well astextile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where natureintended them to and water-driven factories had to be located on their bankswhether or not the location was desirable for other reasons.
这个长难句任性的横跨数行肯定让很多学生瞬间觉得晕头转向，虽然脑海中还存在一丝理性的想法——需要提取句子主干，但是这个句子就像一堆乱码让人无法识别。
然而其实根本不用有心理负担，因为你要做的事情就是理出句子重心意思的主干，其它意思先“靠边站”。
上图该生在翻译的时候就是按照平行的关系将句子意思全部复述出来，再加上一些单词理解错意思从而造成部分意思错乱，更重要的是没有把握到句子的主要核心。
所谓长难句，就是一句话当中会由于各种语法现象串成一个含有很多个“主谓宾”的句子，我们的任务不仅是要把每个句子的主干挑出来，更重要的是最终在大脑中形成有主有次的各部分内容。
根据上图长难句中的转折逻辑关系，该句的主要意思必然是最后半句“it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks
whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons”，说的是“它有一个很大的缺点：溪流流向大自然想要他们去的地方并且水力驱动的工厂会建造在溪流的岸边，不论这个地方是否对于其他因素是可取的”。
也就是说分析完句子信息主次之后，我们只要重点理解主要信息，这样不仅加快阅读速度而且可以减轻我们的负担，不会造成顾此失彼。
所以在理解长难句的时候就像是在做减法--选择性关注重点内容。
总结
从以上三位同学的翻译实例我们可以发现治愈长难句的真正解药就是两个：一是要具备一定的词汇量和基本语法知识。
词汇量是学英语以来的一个积累，托福阅读词汇量要求达到8000词以上，其中包括最基本的高中单词和四级单词，当然还要有不同学科题材的学科性词汇。
词汇量的积累是一个不可松懈的工程必须死磕到底。
同时为了能够正确分析句子的主干和修饰成分，基本的语法功底是能够帮助我们去正确断句的。
所以大家还要掌握一些基本语法知识点，如从句、非谓语动词、插入语之类，但是我们主要是强调语法点的应用层次。
二是需要明确句子的逻辑关系，找到句子的主要意思。
想要快速的理解句意，就要分析清楚句子的主次部分，确定哪些是句子的重点信息，只有这样才能充分的理解句子而且往往句子的重要信息才是真正的考点所在。
所以要想把握句子的主要内容，除了我们能够应用语法知识点来划分断句以外，更重要的是根据句子的逻辑关系来准确判断重要信息。
托福长难句中常常涉及到的逻辑关系主要包含四类，分别是并列递进、因果、转折和对比。
准确识别句子的逻辑关系，需要对逻辑词非常敏感，比如转折常用
的逻辑词有but、however、yet等，因果有because、therefore、since、for、so that等等。
同学们要多去积累这些常用的逻辑词从而正确判断不同逻辑关系中句子的重点信息，经过长期的长难句分析训练可以更快更准确的理解句子的意思。
阅读中的长难句虽说并不是十大题型中的任何一类，可事实上阅读要想取得高分绝对离不开长难句的训练。
长难句是阅读的基石，得长难句者得阅读。
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