高一英语第一册上学期期末复习人教版【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容考前复习〔一〕重点词汇复习：1. 重点词汇的归纳总结与相应练习：〔1〕add: vt.增加，添加，补充说相关短语归纳总结：① If you add 5 to 5, you will get 10.〔把……加到……里面〕② Five added to five is 10.③ This will add to trouble. 〔增加〕④Add up the numbers , and you will get 110. 〔把……加起来〕⑤ His whole school education added up to one year. 〔加起来总共是……〕练习：① The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather ______ the helplessness of the crew at sea.② The numbers add _____ 86.③ I have never heard of the names you ____ the list.A. addedB. added upC. added toD. added up to④ The visited minister expressed his satisfaction with the talk, ____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having addedB. to addC. addingD. added答案：added to ; up to ; C; C〔2〕give的相关短语：①I’ve given up smoking. 〔放弃，终止〕② He has given in to my views. 〔向……让步，投降〕③ The gas gave off an unpleasant smell. 〔散发出……〕④ He gave away most of his fortune to the poor. 〔送给，分发〕⑤ The secret has been given away by one of his friends. 〔泄露〕练习：① Cheap coal gives ______ a lot of smoke.②Bill Gates was so nice that he decided to _____ ninety percent of his money to thecharities.③ He _____ his last chance of winning the election when he said the wrong thing on TV.A. gave offB. gave awayC. gave inD. gave out答案：off; give away; B〔3〕take 的相关短语：①I won’t take up much of your time. 占去〔时间〕② The table takes up too much room. 占去，占据〔空间〕③ He is taking over my job while I am on holiday. 〔接替，接收，控制〕④ The plane took off despite the fog. 〔起飞〕⑤ This was the moment when his career really took off. 〔成功〕⑥ He was badly taken in when he bought that second –hand car. 〔受骗〕练习：① Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ____ most of her day.②It is certain that he will ______ his father’s busine ss soon.③Believe it or not, I was completely ____ by my students’ trick on April Fool’s Day.A. taken offB. taken outC. taken awayD. taken in答案：takes up; take over; D〔4〕break 的相关短语：① All our plans broke down. The peace talks have broken down. 〔计划，谈判等〕失败② The telephone system has broken down. 〔机器或车辆〕出故障，坏掉③ Her health broke down under the pressure of work. 〔精神，健康等〕垮掉④ Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances. 分解⑤ The second World War broke out in September 1939. 爆发⑥ The thieves planned to break into a bank.〔非法〕闯入，破门而入⑦ The thieves had broken in while we were away on holiday. 强行进入⑧ Sorry to break into your time, but I have something important to say.打断，占用〔时间等〕⑨Please don’t break in while I’m thinking. 打扰，打断⑩ I should break away from such habits. 脱离，逃脱，改掉〔习惯等〕练习：①If you always work like this, you’ll ______ sooner or later.②While we were watching TV, a voice ______ the programme to announce the election results.③Please don’t ______ on our conversation.④ I was still sleeping when the fire ____, and then it spread quickly.⑤ The machine ______ suddenly while we were working in the field.⑥ He ______ this Party and joined that Party.答案：break down; broke into; break in; broke out; broke down; broke away from〔5〕take part in , join in, join, attend 等的区别① Many students took part in \joined in the cleaning. 参加〔某活动〕②—Will you join us?—Yes, I’ll join you in the game.③ (×) He has joined the army for 3 years.(√) He has been in the army for 3 years.(√) He j oined the army 3 years ago.④I can’t go to the cinema with you this evening, because I have ________. 〔有个会议要参加〕⑤ We should _____________ the physical labour. 〔积极参加〕2. 有关more than 短语的用法总结与练习：① Hibernation is more than sleep.② There are more than 50 students in our class.③I’m more than happy to take you there in my car.④ He was more frightened than hurt.⑤ There are no more than 10 students who passed the exam in our class.⑥ There are not more than 10 students who passed the exam in our class.→There are _________ 10 students who passed the exam in our class. I’m not sure.3.与介词to 搭配的短语常见设题方式：① It is getting up late in the morning that leads to being late for work.②Many animals and plants, which couldn’t adapt (themselves ) to the sudden ch ange of the climate, died out.③ Mr. Brown devoted himself \ his life to the cause of teaching.练习：→ I’m not used to be spoken to like that. 〔单句改错〕→ He made up his mind to devote all he had to _____ the blind people. 〔用help 的正确形式填空〕→ The cause he had devoted himself ______ a perfect success.A. to provedB. provedC. to proveD. to proving答案：be 改为being; helping; A〔二〕重点句式复习：1. “感观动词\ 使役动词+宾语+宾补〞的结构复习：①—Excuse me, sir, where is Room 301?—Just a minute. I’ll have Bob _____ you to your room.A. showB. showsC. to showD. showing② After a knock at the door, the child heard his mum ____him.A. callingB. calledC. being calledD. to call③—Did Peter fix the computer himself?—He _____, because he doesn’t know much about computers.A. has it fixedB. had fixed itC. had it fixedD. fixed it④He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures.A. interestedB. interestingC. interestD. to interest⑤ Who did the teacher have ______ an article for the wall newspaper just now?A. writtenB. writingC. writeD. to write答案：AACAC2. before 引导的时间状语从句的复习：① The American Civil War lasted four years _____ the North won in the end.A. afterB. beforeC. whenD. then② He almost knocked me down ______ he knew it.A. afterB. beforeC. whenD. then③ He ran off ______ I could stop him.A. whenB. untilC. beforeD. after④ It was some time ______ we realized the truth.A. whenB. sinceC. whileD. before⑤I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time _____ Chloe gets back.A. beforeB. sinceC. tillD. after答案：BBCDA3. “no matter + 疑问词〞或“wh-ever〞引导的让步状语从句和“wh-ever〞引导的名词性从句的复习：①_____ you say, I won’t let out the secret to you.A. WhichB. WhateverC. HoweverD. No matter②—Don’t you believe me?—______, I’ll believe _____ you say.A. No, whateverB. Yes, no matter whatC. No, no matter whatD. Yes, whatever③_____ he said was right to her and that was why she decided to marry him ____ happened.A. Whatever, whateverB. Whatever, whicheverC. No matter what, no matter whatD. No matter that, no matter that④______, mother will wait for him to have dinner tonight.A. However late is heB. However late he isC. However is he lateD. However he is late⑤ _____ cold it is in winter, he always wears less clothes than others.A. HowB. WhateverC. HoweverD. Whenever⑥ Could I speak to ____ is in charge of the store?A. anyoneB. someoneC. whoeverD. no matter who答案：BDABCC〔三〕重点语法复习：〔1〕各种时态的被动语态复习：1. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front ____ to arrive.A. is expectedB. is expectingC. expectsD. will be expected2. In recent years many football clubs ______ as business to make a profit.A. have runB. have been runC. had been runD. will run3. —What’s that noise?—Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______.A. was testedB. will be testedC. is being testedD. has been tested4. —Do you have any problems if you ______ this job?—Well, I’m thinking about the salary.A. offerB. will offerC. are offeredD. will be offered5. I got caught in the rain and my suit _____.A. has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruinedD. had been ruined6. Our sports meeting will _____ in a few weeks.A. take the placeB. be happenedC. be heldD. be taken place7. When you arrive, I _____ in reception for you.A. am waitingB. am waitedC. am going to be waitedD. will be waiting〔2〕定语从句的复习：1. New York is the city _____ I’d like to visit.A. /B. whereC. in whichD. at which2. The book _____ is not in the library.A. that I need itB. I need itC. which I need itD. I need3. There are different forms of energy, ____ come from the sun.A. thatB. most of thatC. most of themD. most of which4. I have brought two ball pens, ____ writes well.A. neither of themB. none of themC. neither of whichD. none of which5. The knife ___ he used to cut apple is very sharp.A. for thatB. for whichC. with itD. with which6. China has hundreds of islands ____ the largest is Taiwan .A. whichB. of whichC. in whichD. where7. Is this factory ____ the foreign engineers worked last year?A. the oneB. whichC. whereD. the one where8. This is the same pencil ____ I lost yesterday.A. thatB. whichC. asD. A or C9. All _____ is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which10. I’ll show you a shop _____ you may buy all _____ you need.A. in which, /B. where, whichC. which, thatD. that, that11. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which12.He tried to get out of the trouble, _____ he found impossible.A. whichB. asC. thatD. what13. He is such a lovely student _____ everyone likes him.A. thatB. asC. whichD. who14. _____ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. Which15. —Where did you get to know her?—It was on the farm _____ we worked.A. thatB. thereC. whichD. where答案：ADDCD BDDBA AAABD【模拟试题】〔答题时间：55分钟〕I.单项选择题1. Without more coal _____ the fire, it would soon go out.A. added toB. addedC. adding toD. added up to2. After a heated discussion, she had to ____ to the others.A. give offB. give upC. give inD. give out3. My cousin ____ the army three years ago. He has _____ for three years.A. joined, become a soldierB. joined in, been a soldierC. joined, been a soldierD. took part in , become a soldier4. With the development of science, more new technology ____ to the field of IT.A. has introducedB. is being introducedC. is introducedD. had introduced5. ______ difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one another to overcome them.A. WhereverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. Whenever6. —What can I do for you, madam?—I’d like to change this red dress. It doesn’t ____ me. It’s too small.A. matchB. fitC. suitD. fit for7. —Is he the only one of the students who ____ German in your class?—No. He is one of the students who ____ German in my class.A. knows, knowB. know, knowsC. knows, knowsD. know, know8. Lisa will always remember her childhood ____ she had spent a wonderful time with her brothers.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. who9. Tom kept quiet about the accident ____ lose his job.A. so not as toB. so as not toC. so as to notD. not so as to10. Wow, so many bikes of the same color and the same type! How can you ____ mine from them?A. break outB. pick outC. pick upD. take upII. 完形填空Edward Sims was the only son of Herbert Sims, a blacksmith who made horseshoes. Herbert was 1 that his son would follow him into the trade, 2 Edward had to work with his father since 12. However, Edward did not 3 working as a blacksmith. When he 4 to find another employment, he found he had never learnt to read and write.One day, he went for an interview at a(n) 5 office. The job was as a runner， 6 documents to other offices in the city. The lawyer was 7 to see that Edward was physically fit, but he 8 to employ him when he discovered that Edward couldn’t read or write. “How can you transport documents,〞he 9 , “if you can’t read the10 on them?〞Bitterly disappointed, Edward 11 and went back to the bus stop, where a man was selling newspapers. “Ex cuse me, son?〞the man who sold newspapers asked. “Would you12 my stand(报摊) for a moment?〞For the next 20 minutes, Edward 13 lots of newspapers. When the man came back, he was so satisfied with Edward’s honesty that he offered him a14 . In need of a job, Edward took it 15 .In the next few years, they had their own 16 selling many things, and eventually, they had 25 shops in three cities. Edward became very 17 , so he employed a tutor. The tutor was amazed at what Edward had 18 . “Imagi ne what you could have done 19 you’d been able to read and write when you were younger!〞he said.“I could have run myself to exhaustion(筋疲力尽)delivering 20 for a lawyer!〞said Edward.1. A. surprised B. determined C. disappointed D. confused2. A. so B. or C. but D. for3. A. come up B. give up C. put on D. keep on4. A. tried B. pretended C. agreed D. hoped5. A. doctor’s B. lawyer’s C. editor’s D. manager’s6. A. putting B. mailing C. taking D. handing7. A. pleased B. amazed C. puzzled D. curious8. A. decided B. refused C. forgot D. referred9. A.. described B. added C. judged D. said10. A. addresses B. passages C. contents D. rules11. A. cried B. left C. ran D. waited12. A. set up B. come into C. take up D. look after13. A. sold B. found C. wrote D. read14. A. chance B. stand C. job D. newspaper15. A. finally B. suddenly C. accidentally D. immediately16. A. shop B. home C. office D. bus17. A. wise B. rich C. old D. famous18. A. achieved B. bought C. sold D. learnt19. A. because B. when C. if D. though20. A. newspapers B. documents C horseshoes D. presentsIII. 阅读理解A﹡Carolyn Steel is a writer who looks at the city in a very special way, from the view of food. HungryCity is her book about how cities eat. She explores the relationship between the food we eat and the cities we live in.Feeding cities perhaps has a greater influence on us and our planet. Yet few of us realize the process. Food arrives on our plates every day, but we seldom stop to wonder how it might have got there. Carolyn Steel points out that without a regular food supply, a city will not exist. The development of all cities in history has close relationship with their farming land.When we think that enough food must be produced, sold, cooked, eaten and thrown away again in London every day, and that something similar must happen every day for every city on the earth, it is amazing that those of us living in cities get to eat all. Food shapes cities, and through them, it shapes us – along with the countryside that feeds us. HungryCity also points out that modern food production has damaged the balance of human existence, creating a series of problems, from health problems to the damage of the natural world.Hungry city follows food’s journey from land to ci ties, through markets and supermarkets, kitchens and tables, to show how food affects our lives and the earth. The final part of the book asks how we might use food to rethink cities in the future—to design them better, and live in them better too.1. What makes a city keep running according to Carolyn Steel?A. An increase in populationB. Human existenceC. An enough food supplyD. Lots of water supply2. The problems of the modern world are caused by ____ according to the passage.A. the new technologyB. modern food productionC. the change of people’s lifestylesD. the development of the modern city3. We can learn from the passage that HungryCity _____.A. is a popular book mainly about city lifestylesB. is a research report about food by Carolyn SteelC. focuses on the influence of food on human livesD. suggests possible ways of solving food problems4. The purpose of the passage is to ______.A. introduce the book HungryCityB. tell people how cities developC. show readers the relationship between food and citiesD. show readers how food is producedB﹡﹡The carbohydrates, fats, and protein in food provide people energy, which is measured in calories. High-fat foods contain more calories than the same amount of other foods, so they can make it easy for you to gain too many calories. However, low fat doesn’t always mean low calorie. Sometimes extra sugars are added to low-fat desserts, for example, and they may be just as high in calories.Your pattern of eating may be important. Snacks and meals eaten away from home provide a large part of daily calories for many people. Choose them wisely. Try fruits, vegetables, rice, or a cup of low-fat milk or yogurt for a snack. If you choose fish or meat, don’t ask it to be fried.Like younger adults, overweight and obese older adults may improve their health by losing weight. The guidance of a health care provider is recommended(推荐), especially for obese children and older adults.Children need enough food for growth, but too many calories and too little physical activity lead to overweight. The number of overweight US children has risen in recent years. Encourage healthy weight by offering children grain products; vegetables and fruits; low-fat dairy products; and bean, fish, or nuts —and let them see you enjoy eating the same foods. Let the children decide how much of these foods to eat. Offer only small amounts of food high in fat or added sugars. Encourage children to take part in activities (and join them whenever possible). Limit the time they spend in activities like watching television or playing computer or video games. Help children to develop healthy eating habits. Since children still need to grow. Weight loss should be guided by a health care provider.5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. People get energy from the carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in food.B. Desserts contain low calories because they are low-fat food.C. Fried fish or fried meat can provide many calories for people.D. More and more American children have become obese in recent years.6. The underlined words “overweight and obese〞(in paragraph 3) mean“〞.A. very heavy and fat in a way that is unhealthyB. taller than is considered normal or healthyC. strong, tall and looks healthy and activeD. much smaller than is considered normal or healthy7. According to the passage, ______ will make children become overweight.A. offering children grain products, vegetables and fruitsB. too many calories and too little physical activityC. watching television, playing computer or video gamesD. developing healthy eating habits8. The best title for this passage would be _______.A. Encourage healthy Weight in ChildrenB. Advice for Healthy Eating and WeightC. Nutrition and Daily Snacks, MealsD. Burn Calories to Lose WeightIV. 短文改错Michael were walking along the street the other 1.day. Then he felt someone shouting his name. 2.He stopped and looked around. He was Jack 3.Events run after him. Michael and 4.Jack went to same school and then to the 5.same university. So they hadn’t met each other 6.since then. They decide to have lunch together. 7.They went to the most nearest restaurant and sat at the 8.table near the window. Then they talked about that 9.they had done since they left university. 10.【试题答案】Ⅰ. ACCBB BACBBⅡ. 1~5 BADAB 6~10CABDA 11~15 BDACD 16~20ABACB Ⅲ. A: 1~4 CBCA B: 5~8 BABBⅣ.1. were 改为was 2. felt 改为heard 3. 第二个He 改为It.4. run 改为running5. same 前加the6. So 改为But7. decide 改为decided 8. 去掉most 9. that改为what10.正确。
