7.8.language,culture_and_society 简明英语语言学 戴炜栋

英语听力

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Language and Culture语言和文化

Languages are marvelously complex

语言是极其复杂

and wonderfully complicated organs of culture:

难解的文化工具：

they embody the quickest and the most efficientmeans of communicating

它们是最快捷最有效的交流思想的方法

within their respective culture.

在各文化中。

To learn a foreign language is to learn another culture.

学习外语就等于学习另一种文化。

In a words of a poet and philosopher,

一位诗人兼哲学家曾经这样说过：

"As many languages as one speaks, so many lives one lives."

"你懂几种外语，你就过着几种不同的生活。" 英语听力

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A culture and its language are as inseparable as brain and body;

文化及其语言正像人脑与人体一样不可分割。

while one is a part of the other,neither can function without the other.

虽然其中一个是另一个的部分，但是失去一部分，另一部分就不能运作。

In learning a foreign language, the best beginning

学习外语最好的开始是

is with the non- verbal linguistic elements of the language,

从这种语言的非语言的语言成分开始，

its gestures,its body language.

《英语语言学》导学手册

程可拉主编

英语语言学教学大纲

一、教学目的和要求

英语语言学是英语本科专业的自考课程。本课程的目的是帮助学生系统地学习语言学基本理论知识和研究方法，为从事英语语言教学与研究打下良好的基础。

本课程教学的具体要求是：

１．系统掌握语言学的基本理论和基本知识。

２．能应用语言学知识分析各种语言现象。

３．能应用语言学的基本理论来指导中学英语教学。

二、教学内容

I. Introduction

1. Linguistics

1.1 What is linguistics?

1.2 Linguistics vs. traditional grammar

1.3 The scope of linguistics

2. Language

2.1 What is language?

2.2 The defining properties of human language

II. Phonology

1. The phonic medium of language

2. Phonetics

2.1 What is phonetics?

2.2 The speech organs

2.3 Narrow and broad transcriptions

2.4 Some major articulatory variables

2.5 Classification of English speech sounds

3. Phonology

3.1 Phonetics and phonology 2 3.2 Phone, phoneme and allophone

3.3 Phonemic contrast, complementary distribution, and minimal pair

LanguageCultureandsociety语言学

Language,Culture and society 语言学

Sociolinguistics ---- a sub-field of linguists that studies the

relation between language and society, between the uses of

language and the social structures in which the users of language

live.

Language,Culture and society 语言学

In a broad sense, culture means the total way of life of a

people, including the patterns of belief, customs, objects,

institutions, techniques, and language that characterizes the life

of the human community. In a narrow sense, culture may refer to

local or specific practice, beliefs or customs, which can be mostly

found in folk culture, enterprise culture or food culture, etc. There

are generally two types of culture: material and spiritual.

Language,Culture and society 语言学

The same word may stir up different associations in people

Chapter 7 Language,

Culture and Society

Introduction:

It has long been

recognized that language

is an essential and

important part of a given

culture and that the

impact of culture upon a

given language is

something intrinsic and

indispensable. As we’ll

show below, though the

endeavor in the pursuit of this inter-relationship

has never been dormant

in the development of

linguistic science, ―this

very embedding of

language in society and

culture has been the focus

of intense and sustained

research efforts since the

1960s‖ (Apte 1994: 200).

In order to provide the

student an opportunity to

know more about the

situation, we introduce this chapter and focus

our discussion on the

relationship between

LANGUAGE, CULTURE,

and SOCIETY. This

attempt can be

alternatively understood

as an effort to provide a

different perspective to