高中英语Unit1Greatscientists课时作业(一)新人教版必修5

Unit 1 Great Scientists learning aboutlanguage课时作业一、阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A new study has found the amount of antibiotics(抗生素)given to farm animals is expected to increase by two-thirds over the next 15 years.Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat，milk and eggs.However，the drugs could quicken the development of antibiotic-resistant infections(感染)．Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States.The World Health Organization(WHO)notes when people stop living in poverty(贫困)，the first thing they want to do is eat better，rather than earn more money.For most people，that means their diet should contain more meat.With the rapid development of Asia，people there are eating nearly four times as much meat，milk and other milk products as they did 50 years ago.To meet the need，farmers have put many animals into smaller spaces.As the animals are crowded together，the easiest way to deal with some of the problems of crowding is to give them antibiotics.It's clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in crowded environments and grow faster.But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually.Nowadays，doctors find antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer work.The bacteria have learned ways to fight against the drugs.The heavy use of antibiotics in farm animals is responsible for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide.Each year in the UnitedStates，at least two million people get antibiotic-resistant infections and at least 23,000 die from these infections.Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth.And the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop using antibiotics for that purpose.1．What accounts for the increasing amount of antibiotics given to farm animals?A．The desire for new drugs.B．The less effective antibiotics.C．The outdated farm technology.D．The need for more various foods.2．What do most people want to do first when they get rid of poverty according to the WHO?A．Making a lot of money.B．Focusing more on health.C．Having more meat in their diet.D．Living in a better environment.3．What can be inferred from the passage?A．Antibiotics do harm to animals.B．Antibiotics help animals stay healthy.C．Antibiotics are used heavily in Europe.D．Antibiotic-resistant bacteria spread to people.4．What's the passage mainly about?A．The negative effect of antibiotics on farm animals.B．The advantages of using antibiotics.C．The reason for banning the use of antibiotics.D．A new way of raising farm animals.【解题导语】本文主要围绕在农场动物身上使用抗生素的负面影响展开。

Unit 1 Great scientists reading课时作业一. 单项选择1. — Is there anything else to discuss?—_____________. I guess.A. Not at allB. No, that's allC. Yes, I'm sureD. Yes, of course2. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A. 不填, theB. the; aC. a; 不填D. a; a3. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better ______ silent.A. remainB. be remainingC. having remainedD. to remain4. I made a promise to myself______this year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. how5. Studying Wendy's menu, I found that many of the items are similar to______ of McDonald's.A. thoseB. onesC. anyD. all6. ____ all the animals I've ever had, these two dogs arc the most sensitive to the spoken word.A. FromB. OfC. ForD. With7. Your _____ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.A. operationB. growthC. performanceD. character8. I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or______ his job.A. quitsB. to quitC. quittingD. quit9. We live in an age ____ m ore information is available with greater ease than ever before.A. whyB. whenC. to whomD. on which10. The research lacks ___ e vidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.A. solidB. fierceC. severeD. potential11."It's such a nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customs.A. to be reservedB. having reservedC. reservingD. reserved12. According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to______ from the age of 27 after reachingthe highest level at 22.A. differB. shrinkC. failD. decline13. Peter had intended to take a job in business, but _____ that plan after the unpleasantexperience in Canada in 2010.A. had abandonedB. abandonedC. abandonD. will abandon14. Brown said he was by no means annoyed; _____ he was glad to be able to make himselfclearly understood.A. all in allB. for one thingC. on the contraryD. by the way15. Armed with the information you have gathered, you can_____ preparing your business plan.A. set outB. set aboutC. set offD. set up16. ------Tom sat up late recently.------ Yes, that might _______ why he slept in class.A. make forB. account forC. push forD. compensate for17.------- When did you get home last Friday?-------It was not until midnight ______ it was raining hard.A. whenB. whichC. beforeD. that18. However occupied you are with study, try to ______ at least 15 minutes each day to have some exercise.A. put outB. put throughC. put offD. put aside19. The cloning of human embryos is very _______ , and causes much debate around the world.A. conventionalB. controversialC. contraryD. contradictary20. You are _____ to be disappointed if you hope to go to college without hard work.A. vagueB. boundC. eagerD. anxious21. Steve jobs, ______ former CEO of Apples, started with his friend Wozniak in a garage in______ late 1970s.A. a; theB. the; /C. the; theD. /; the22. ---Daddy, would you buy me an ipod if I do well in this monthly exam?---- I ________, I promise.A. willB. shallC. doD. would23. The two plans sound good. But Dad won’t approve ______ of them，for they are not practical.A. anyB. bothC. eachD. either24.Unfortunately , Wei Fang was ______ of the ability to speak when he was five years old.A. stolenB. picked upC. robbedD. striken25. ______ of the danger of traveling by airplane, I often take the train as my first choice.A. To convinceB. ConvincingC. ConvincedD. Being convinced26. With the development of economy, our country is becoming more and more powerful ____ financial situation.A. on account ofB. in terms ofC. on behalf ofD. in place of27 -----The little boat is ______ safe . Don’t you think so, Mike ?------ No worries! I’ve been on this boat dozens of times.A. something butB. nothing butC. anything butD. everything but28. Under no circumstances and at no time ______ be the first _____ nuclear weapons.A. we shall ; usingB. shall we; to useC. shall we ; usingD. we shall; to use29. The boys and girls were happily making a snowman, _______ with cold.A. their faces redB. their faces were redC. their faces turned red.D. their faces to be red30. ------ How is Yangzhou Taizhou Airport going ?------- _______.A. To say is easier than to doB. Better late than neverC. So far, so goodD. The more, the better二. 阅读理解AEaster(复活节) is still a great day for worship, candy in baskets and running around the yard finding eggs, but every year it gets quite a bit worse for bunnies.And no, not because the kids like to pull their ears. The culprit is climate change, and some researchers found that rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the US.Take the Lower Keys Marsh rabbit, for instance. An endangered species that lives in the Lower Florida Keys, this species of cottontail is a great swimmer — it lives on the islands! — but it is already severely affected by development and now by rising sea levels. According to the Center for Biological Diversity, an ocean level rise of only 0.6 meters will send these guys jumping to higher ground and a 0.9-meter rise would wipe out their habitat (栖息地) completely.The snowshoe hare, on the other hand, has a color issue. Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer, each designed to give them better cover from predators（捕食者）. As the number of days with snow decreases all across the country, however, more and more bunnies are being left in white fur during brown dirt days of both fall and spring, making them an easier mark for predators. Researchers know that the color change is controlled by the number of hours of sunlight, but whether the rabbit will be able to adapt quick enough to survive is a big question. The National Wildlife Federation has reported that hunters have noticed their numbers are already markedly down.American pikas or rock rabbits, a relative of rabbits and hares, might be the first of these species to go extinct due to climate change. About 7-8 inches long, pikas live high in the cool, damp mountains west of the Rocky Mountains. As global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (迁徙) to higher ground — but they already occupy the mountaintops. They can't go any higher. The National Wildlife Federation reports that they might not be able to stand the new temperatures as their habitat heats up.The volcano rabbit has the same problem. These rabbits live on the slopes of volcanoes in Mexico, and recent studies have shown that the lower range of their habitat has already shifted upward about 700 meters, but there are not suitable plants for them to move higher, so they are stuck in the middle. Scientists are concerned about their populations.Native to the US, pygmy rabbits weigh less than 1 pound and live in the American West. They are believed to be the smallest rabbits in the world. Their habitats have been destroyed by development. Several populations, such as the Columbia Basin pygmy, almost went extinct and were saved by zoo breeding programs. Pygmy rabbits also rely on winter cover by digging tunnels through the snow to escape predators, but lesser snowfall is leaving them exposed.All of this gives new meaning to dressing up in a giant bunny costume this Easter.1 The writer mentions Easter at the beginning of the passage in order to_______.A. show the importance of Easter DayB. introduce the issue about bunniesC. remind people of Easter traditionsD. discuss the relationship between Easter and bunnies2. The word "culprit" ( Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to______.A. criminalB. judgeC. victimD. producer3. According to the passage, some rabbits can now be easily discovered by predators because they_______A. are exposed to more skillful huntersB. have moved to habitats with fewer plantsC. haven't adapted themselves to climate changeD. can't change their fur color into white in the fall and the spring4. The problem faced by volcano rabbets and rock rabbits is that________.A. both are affected by 1ess snowB. both are affected by rising sea levelsC. neither can find enough foodD. neither can migrate to higher places5 Which best describes the writer's tone in the postage?A. Approving.B. Concerned.C. Enthusiastic.D. Doubtful.BAt the top of a three-story brick building, Sue and Johnsy had their studio. One of the girls was from Maine; the other from California. They had met in an Eighth Street restaurant, and found their tastes in art, chicory salad and bishop sleeves so much in tune that the joint studio resulted. That was in May.In November, a cold, unseen stranger, whom the doctors called “pneumonia”, stalked about the district, touching one here and there with his icy fingers. Johnsy was among his victims.One morning the busy doctor invited Sue into the hallway with a bushy, gray eyebrow.“She has one chance in ten,” he said. “And that chance is for her to want to live. Your little lady has made up her mind that she’s not going to get well. Has she anything on her mind?”“She wanted to paint the Bay of Naples some day,” said Sue.“Paint? Bosh! Has she anything on her mind worth thinking about twice? A man, for instance?”“No, doctor; there is nothing of the kind.”“Well,” said the doctor. “I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriage in her funeral procession, I subtract 50 per cent from the power ofmedicines.” After the doctor had gone, Sue cried.Johnsy lay, scarcely making a movement under the bedclothes, with her face toward the window. She was looking out and counting—counting backward.“Twelve,” she said, and a little later “eleven,” and then “ten,”and “nine,” and then “eight,’ and “seven,” almost together.Sue looked out of the window. What was there to count? There was only a bare, dreary yard to be seen, and an old, old ivy vine climbed half way up the brick wall of the brick house. The cold breath of autumn had blown away its leaves, leaving it almost bare.“Six,’ said Johnsy, in almost a whisper. “They’re falling faster now. Three days ago there were almost a hundred. It made my head ache to count them. But now it’s easy. There goes another one. There are only f ive left now.”“Five what, dear?”“Leaves, on the ivy vine. When the last one falls I must go, too. I’ve known that for three days. Didn’t the doctor tell you?”“Oh, I’ve never heard of such nonsense. Don’t be so silly. Why, the doctor told me this morning that your chances for getting well soon were ten to one! Try to take some soup now, and let Sue go and buy pork chops for her sick child.”6. What do you know about Sue and Johnsy from the first paragraph?A. They had a lot in common with each other.B. They are from the same state in the United States.C. They set up their studio on the third floor in order to see the ivy vine outside.D. They both began wearing clothes with bishop sleeves only after they set up their studio.7. Which of the following statements best describes the underlined word “p neumonia”?A. It was a stranger with magic power and was invisible to others.B. It was a disease which resulted in many symptoms (症状), or even death.C. It was a person who was moving around the district touching people with icy fingers.D. It was someone who carried deadly bacteria and passed them to people without being noticed.8. What can we learn from the passage?A. Johnsy had a bad temper and couldn’t control her emotions very well.B. Johnsy made up her mind to die because she had no confidence in science.C. Johnsy counted the ivy vine leaves because she admired them and got inspiration from them.D. The doctor believed that medicine would lose half of its power on the patient who did not want to live.9. What may Sue do for her friend next?A. To go and buy pork chops for Johnsy.B. To prepare the funeral quickly.C. To ask Johnsy to paint the Bay of Naples.D.To find Johnsy a boy friend immediately.参考答案单项选择1—5 BCDCA 6—10 BCDBA 11—15 DDBCB 16---20 BADBB 21-25 DADCC 26---30 BCBAC阅读理解1—5 BACDB 6---9 ABDA。

Unit 1 Great scientists language points课时作业Ⅰ.完形填空Having a son as a woman who has only really been around women can be a strange experience.I sometimes tell my husband that raising our 3-year-old boy__1__someone dropped me off on another planet where I didn’t know the__2__and had no map.My son makes me laugh like no other||，but his desires and interests sometimes do feel as__3__to me as another galaxy.He has taught me so much about the bigger man in my life (my husband) and even more about __4__in general.When I get mad at my husband now||，I look at our son and__5__.He was once as sweet and precious as my son||，even if he is so__6__now.My mother­in­law’s attitude used to be confusing to me||，but now I kind of__7__it.I love my son fiercely.If some woman ever__8__him||，she’d be punished for that.__9__my daughter can’t find something||，she searches.But my son is__10__calling||，“Mommy！Daddy！Where is my toy？” It’s so much like my husband.He also will spend 0.1 seconds__11__before calling out to me and __12__where the butter||，cheese||，or coat is.My son has taught me it’s a male thing.__13__||，that doesn’t mean I won’t break him of it.I__14__will.Isn’t that what all moms say?My husband showers every day on most__15__days.But on the weekends or on vacation？Forget it.Now I understand that.My son hates bath time and __16__ the whole time.I have to fight with him and bribe him to get __17__.Nothing is sweeter for a mom than her baby boy.My daughter and I are equally__18__||，but in a different way.He tells me he loves me and how__19__I am.I wish I could bottle that sweetness and __20__it for the teen years.语篇解读在养育儿子的过程中||，作者加深了对丈夫乃至全部男性的认识||。

Unit 1 单元综合AWashington, D. C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D. C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the worldfamous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D. C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms —disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D. C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D. CDuration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newers and locals looking to experience Washington, D. C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. fortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D. C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.1.Which tour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D. C.B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D. C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.2.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B.Go to a national park.C.Visit wellknown museums.D.Enjoy interesting stories.3.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that oneof Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台) . The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plasticbag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plasticbag use it cancels out. However, longerlasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists don't dispute (质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.1.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A.Help increase grocery sales.B.Recycle the waste material.C.Stop things falling off trucks.D.Argue for the use of plastic bags.2.What does the word "headwinds" in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Bans on plastic bags.B.Effects of city development.C.Headaches caused by garbage.D.Plastic bags hung in trees.3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plasticbag makers?A.They are quite expensive.B.Replacing them can be difficult.C.They are less strong than plastic bags.D.Producing them requires more energy.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Plastic, Paper or NeitherB.Industry, Pollution and EnvironmentC.Recycle or Throw AwayD.Garbage Collection and Waste ControlCAs we all know, Stephen Hawking writes the book A Brief History of Time that explains the origin of the universe. The book spent 147 weeks on The New York Times Best Seller List and has sold 10 million copies. He is, most agree, very smart.In his recently published autobiography My Brief History, Hawking offers four life lessons on how to bee a genius.（1）Don't miss opportunities by being too cool “We showed an air of plete boredom and the feeling that nothing was worth making an effort for. One result of my illness has been to change all that. When you are faced with the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and that there are lots of things you want to do. M Seize the moment, as Oxford would say.(2) Keep it simpleWhen writing A Brief History of Time, he tried to make science understandable for the rest of the US.“I was sure that nearly everyone is interested in how the universe operates, but most people cannot follow mathematical equations(数学公式).” He has trouble with them, too. “This is partly because it is difficult for me to write them down, but mainly because I don't have an inborn feeling for equations. My aim in the book was to describe these mental images in words. It is such an easybook that everybody can understand it. ” The moral: you don’t have to be a ge nius to know everything.(3) Have funHawking has a long history of being a joker, and he has placed lots of bets with other scientists on the nature of black holes. One was with CalTech scientist John Preskill. After paying off his bet by giving Preskill a baseball encyclopedia, Hawking wrote,“But maybe I should have just given him the ashes.” So lighten up! Geniuses like bad jokes too.(4) Always look for a silver lining （even if you are seriously ill)Hawking's disease has slowly robbed him of the ability to walk, move his arms, even speak But Hawking says. “In some ways I guess my disability has been an assist: I haven't had to lecture or teach students, and I haven't had to sit in meetings. So I have been able to devote myself pletely to research.” In o ther words, Hawking was given lemons，and he made Champagne.1.The passage tells us the facts about A Brief History of Time EXCEPT that .A.it explained the origin of the universeB.it has sold 10 million copies up to nowC.it spent 147 weeks on The New York Times Best Seller ListD.it included Hawking's four life lessons on how to bee a genius2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is guiding you to be a genius?A.Place lots of bets with your friends.B.Seize the moment to learn everything.C.Find something good even in bad situations.D.Get to know everything including mathematical equations.3.Hawking shows his viewpoint by .A. making parisonsB. quoting a famous sayingC. listing the numbers and equationsD. talking about his own experience4.Which of the following statements is true?A.Hawking was unable to walk gradually.B. Hawking tried to make physics understandable.C.Most people think he isn’t smart enough.D.He has been able to devote himself to maths.DThe traditional British pub is part of the scenery of British life. At the last count, there are around 50,000 of them in the UK. The oldest — Ye Oldest Fighting Cocks in St. Albans — was set up in about 793.Because of their abundance, the names pubs take are designed to be memorable, but more than that, they are designed to be visual. Outside any traditional pub worthy of its title, you'll find a hanging signboard with a unique illustration(插图) that represents the name of the business. The practice is so well established that even new pubs copy it. But why do they exist at all?The first British pub signs were created in the 12th century and were simple representations of beer containers and other brewingrelated equipment used to inform passersby that establishments sold beer. This was Britain in the dark ages, when education was in short supply. Since most of the population were unable to read, pub signs were used to inform wouldbe customers that they could find a drink inside.The earliest uses of pub names would reference the sign directly. People would arrange to meet at "the sign of the Eagle and Child" rather than at "the Eagle and Child".Today the tradition remains unchanged largely out of respect for the past,but many pub signs do have some functionality. Remote country pubs often use signboards to point the way to their doors. It’s a part of British culture that’s rapidly disappearing — more than 20,000 pubs have closed since 1980 — but for now there are still more than enough. You can take a moment to appreciate the history and symbolism behind a pub\s sign the next time you see one.1.What is special about British pub signs?A.They copy famous art.B.They show British life.C.They have unique pictures.D.They include the history of the pub.2.The first British pub signs were mainly used to ________.A.inspire passersbyrm passersbycate passersbyD.entertain passersby3.Modern British pub signs are different from the earliest ones in their _________.A.sizeB.styleC.materialD.purpose4.What is the passage mainly about?A.The history of British pubs.B.The importance of British pub signs.C.The development of British pub signs.D.Why British pubs are unpopular nowadays.Things You Should Stop Doing to Be SuccessfulAre you a happy person? How often do you think of reasons why everyone around you is successful though they are not better than you in general? What do you do wrong? Here are some things you should stop doing to be successful.①__________Different people may interpret(解说) “success” in different ways: some of them measure it in money, other ones — in positive changes to people around them and the world in general.②__________Don’t worry about what other people think but e after what makes you happy.Do not believe anything without questioning it.③__________They are critical(批判性的) thinkers, and they understand that we all are ruled by our prejudices, so they will always question new information.Do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you.If you want to be successful, stop thinking about everything that MAY happen to you. ④__________Be ready to improve and change your deeds and decisions when things suddenly don’t go according to your plan.Do not care about what other people think of you.⑤__________Your attempts to bee “good” for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries, stresses, and problems.Successful people do not concentrate on the quantity of people to please, but worry about their quality and focus on developing friendships with people they really care about.A. Do not wait for the “right time” to do anything.B. Do not let others decide what “success” is for you.C. Successful people do not just accept any new information to be true.D.As far as we all know, it’s impossible to please a ll the people who surround us.E. Successful people never ignore or avoid problems,no matter how big and awful they seem.F. If you want to be successful, do not let others force their interpretation of success on you.G. Try to feel fortable with the real ity and accept the fact your future can’t be predicted.A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 1 of the facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not 2 on obvious facts,and therefore refuses to accept authority(权威)as the only 3 for truth. He always 4 ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.The rise of 5 science may perhaps be considered to 6 as far back asthe 7 of Roger Bacon,the wonderful philosopher (哲学家)of Oxford, who lived 8 the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle 9 to suggest that we must learn science 10 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and hehimself 11 many important discoveries.Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later ( 1564 〜1642), was the greatest of several great men, 12 in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by 13 to show how many important 14 could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 15 towards the earth than small ones, 16 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the 17 of the leaning Tower of Pisa, let falltwo 18 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo's science 19 of going direct to Nature, and proving our 20 and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.e B.time C.speed D.trust2.A.worked B.based C.lived D.written3.A.reason B.cause C.advice D.result4.A.thinks B.checks C.has D.learns5.A.natural B.physical C.ancient D.modern6.A.date B.keep C.look D.take7.A.study B.time C.year D.birth8.A.both B.each C.between D.among9.A.Schools B.Ages C.Days D. Countries10.A.in B.with C.on D.by11.A.did B.made C.took D.gave12.A.who B.when C.that D.where13.A.ways B.degrees C.levels D.chance14.A.truths B.problems C.people D.subjects15.A.slowly B.rapidly C.lightly D.heavily16.A.although B.because C.when D.if17.A.place B.foot C.top D.ceiling18.A.big B.small C.equal D.unequal19.A.spirit B.skill C.theory D.discovery20.A.plans B.opinions C.world D.abilityC. V. Raman, a great Indian physicist, was born in 1888. His father was a lecturer in math and physics, so C. V. Raman was exposed ①__________ scientific things from an early age. He ②__________ (attend) Presidency College in 1902, getting his BA in 1904 and MA in 1907. Though he was a brilliant student,there weren’t many ③__________ (chance ) for scientists in India at that time. ④__________, after finishing his studies, he went to work for the Indian Finance Department and carried out his experimental research on acoustics(声学).He ⑤__________ (offer) a professorship in physics at the University of Calcutta in 1917 and stayed for the next 15 years, ⑥__________ (achieve) fame for his research there. In 1930, he won the Nobel Prize for his work on the scattering of light. Raman found ⑦__________ light passes through a transparent (透明的)sample of a substance, most of the light remains unchanged but a small part of it has ⑧__________ (differ) wavelengths. This later is ⑨__________ (know) as the Raman effect and is useful for physical and chemical ⑩__________ (analyse) of gases, liquids and solids, including biological tissue.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

Unit 1 Great Scientists课时作业新人教版必修5Ⅰ. 阅读理解Linus Pauling, the only person who has won two undivided NobelPrizes, was born in Portland, Oregon. He attended Washington HighSchool but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive hisdiploma until 1962, long after he had received his Bachelor’sdegree in chemical engineering from Oregon State College in 1922.He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good jobwith it.He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his researchinto the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substances. His interest in the“behavior”of molecules(分子)led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts, the amino acids(氨基酸), which are called the“building blocks of life”. In 1950, he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule, a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.During Wo rld WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However, the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules, he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.From then on, Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其对世界所做出的杰出贡献。

高中英语Unit1Greatscientists课时作业新人教版必修5【导语】霍乱是霍乱弧菌(Vibrio cholera)引起的急性肠道传染病，具有发病急、传播快、波及面广的特点，是当今三种国际检疫传染病中的一种。

CholeraCholera is a water borne disease that is spread through polluted water and food.It is an illness caused by the bacterium called Vibrio cholera.It produces an enterotoxin(肠毒素)that causes painless，watery diarrhea(腹泻) that can quickly lead to severe dehydration(脱水)and death if treatment is not given.Most people infected with cholera do not become ill，although the bacterium is present in their wastes for 7—14 days.When cholera does happen，more than 90% of cases are not severe and are difficult to tell from other types of diarrhea.Less than 10% of ill people develop cholera with signs of moderate or severe dehydration.A person may get cholera by drinking water or eating food polluted with the cholera bacterium.The disease can spread rapidly in areas without proper treatment of drinking water.The cholera bacterium may also live in the environment in dirty rivers and coastal waters.Shellfish eaten raw can be a source of cholera.Therefore，the disease is not likely to spread directly from one person to another.Cholera can be simply and successfully treated by immediate replacement of the fluid and salt lost through diarrhea.Patients can be treated by being given a mixture of sugar and salt to be mixed with water and drunk in large amounts.People who develop severe diarrhea in countries where cholera breaks out should seek medical attention at once.In a word，to avoid cholera，we should develop a good habit.We should eat well cooked food instead of raw food.【词海拾贝】1．bacterium n．细菌2．coastal adj.临海的；沿海的3．fluid n．液体adj.液体的4．mixture n．混合；混杂5．seek vt.寻找，探寻；追求【问题思考】True(T) or False(F)：1．Drinking much water with sugar and salt is useless in the treatment of cholera.(F)2．In order to avoid cholera，we'd better eat cooked shellfish.(T)Ⅰ.为单词选择正确的释义1．suspect A．向……挑战2．challenge B．宣布；通告3．conclude C．责备；谴责4．blame D．认为；怀疑5．announce E．结束；推断出6．expose F．暴露；揭露；使曝光7．contribute G．小心的；谨慎的8．cautious H．捐献；贡献答案：1.D 2.A 3.E 4.C 5.B 6.F 7.H 8.GⅡ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1．________n．特征；特性2．________vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 (n.)失败3．________n．治愈；痊愈 (vt.)治愈；治疗4．________vt.吸收；吸引；使专心5．________vt.预见；预知答案：1.characteristic 2.defeat 3.cure 4.absorb5．foreseeⅢ.根据英语释义写出单词1．________：to be present at an event2．________： to have an idea that something is bad but without having definite proof3．________： to make a connection between two or more things or people4．________： to make something dirty5．________： the part of sth used to open it；to deal with；to operate or control 答案：1.attend 2.suspect 3.link 4.pollute 5.handleⅣ.选用短语的适当形式填空put forward；link...to...；expose...to；suspect...of；apart from；lead to；draw a conclusion；be to blame；be absorbed in；make sense；be strict with 1．We had no desire to ________________ our plan.答案：put forward2．We must ________ this shameful activity ________ the newspaper.答案：expose to3．The students sat in the classroom and ________ reading English.答案：were absorbed in4．We consider that you ________ for the accident.答案：are to blame5．They ________ from the fact at last.答案：drew a conclusion6．People often ________ lung cancer ________ smoking.答案：link to7．“You've often made the same mistakes.I will ______ you from now on，”the teacher said to Tom.答案：be strict with8．________ the cost，the dress doesn't suit me.答案：Apart from9．What he has said doesn't ______．I can't understand it.答案：make sense10．The use of information technology could __________ major progress for developing nations.答案：lead toⅤ.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语1．John Snow was a famous doctor in London－so expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician._______________________________________________________答案：约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。

Unit 1 Great scientists language points课时作业Ⅰ.词汇运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．Birds concentrate where food is____________(abundance)．答案：abundant2．He made several____________(comment) on the book.答案：comments3．His great kindness gave her great____________ (comfortable)．答案：comfort4．What sort of____________(qualify) do you need for the job?答案：qualifications5．She acknowledged____________(cheat) in the exam||，which surprised us all.答案：cheatingⅡ.选词填空答案：keep up2．You should make the new students________________________in your school.答案：feel at home3．She didn’t ______________________until she graduated from Beijing University.答案：settle in4．Workmen____________________building new roads.答案：were occupied in5．I’ll change my timetable to____________________with yours.答案：fit inⅢ.完成句子1．A new car________________________________________(是不可能的) at that time||，the price of which was so high—we couldn’t afford it.答案：was out of the question2．________________________________(由于我们已经安顿下来了)||，you may come and see our new house at any time.答案：As we’ve settled in3．Nigeria________________________(获得独立) Britain in 1960.答案：gained independence from4．The manager was satisfied with his work and encouraged him to__________(继续下去)．答案：keep it up5. Our society offers us________________________________(各种各样的方法) to help us make a living.答案： a variety of ways6．Often the old man goes out for a walk after supper_________________________(在他女儿的陪伴下)．答案：in the company of his daughterⅣ.完形填空Our family has had many different pets over the (my 7-year-old grandchild) has always been very__1__to all of them as she loves animals very much.When we__2__there was a shelter in the area that was run__3__just volunteers||，she couldn’t wait to get__4__.This was an excellent opportunity for her to learn about and__5__many different animals.The animals in the shelter would live at the center until they were__6__.If it took months or a year for them to find a home||，it didn’t matter.CC learned that it took a lot of work and__7__to take care of the animals.It was a lot more work than she had__8__.The mop (拖把) used to clean the rooms stood 3 feet taller than her.She didn’t__9__||，because she learned how important it was to keep cages__10__for them.Her favorites were the cats.The dogs__11__her but she didn’t shy away from doing what she could to help them.We were__12__to see such a caring side of her.We wanted to show CC that her volunteer work at the center was__13__nice to do.When she was too tall for her bicycle||，we decided to __14__her a new one.We asked her if she wanted to get a new bike__15__we went to the shelter.The shop was on the way and we could quickly do that.But her__16__was that we could always get a__17__but the animals needed to be tended to__18__.At a time when many children are considered uncaring about the world they live in||，this made us__19__.Children learn from what adults take the time to__20__them.In turn||，they often teach us the things in life that really matter the most.语篇解读作者的小孙女对动物非常友善||，经常去动物庇护所做义工||。

Unit 1 Great Scientists reading课时作业能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解With its special elegant body and spotted coat, the cheetah (猎豹) is the most unique member of the cat family.As the world's fastest land mammal, the cheetah can reach speeds of 112 km/h. A cheetah can go from 0 to 96 kilometers per hour in only three long steps. However, with a lean body and small teeth, the cheetah cannot fight larger animals. This gives the cheetah a double risk as they are placed in direct conflict with humans. Farmers that live nearby shoot, trap and poison cheetahs, because they think that cheetah will kill their livestock (牲畜)．The cheetah is now endangered. It was once found across all of Africa, extending eastwards into Asia. However，hunting, habitat destruction and loss of prey (猎物) have meant that cheetahs are now only found in a few countries in Africa. The International Union of Conservation of Nature recently reported that only about 7,500 adult cheetahs remain in the wild. This makes the small populations of cheetahs even more precious and worthy of protection.The Wildlife Conservation Fund has teamed up with the Central Kalahari Research Group to study and protect the remaining cheetahs.In order to find out more about these animals, two adult cheetahs were fitted with GPS satellite collars. These collars provide information about how cheetahs move through their environment. And they provide an excellent way to study cheetahs which have been released back into the wild.Understanding the cheetah's behavior is an important step for their protection. Also, it is necessary to cooperate with local farmers and other land users to reduce the killing of cheetahs.1．What makes it difficult for the cheetah to fight larger animals?A．Its big head and small mouth.B．Its strong legs and fat feet.C．Its thin body and tiny teeth.D．Its short toes and long tail.2．Which is NOT the reason why cheetahs are endangered?A．Loss of food.B．An elegant body.C．Habitat destruction.D．Hunting and killing.3．What is the function of the “collars” in the last paragraph?A．To catch more cheetahs and kill them.B．To protect the habitat where cheetahs live.C．To protect cheetahs from being caught by other big animals.D．To get information about cheetahs and understand their behavior.4．What can we learn from this passage?A．Cheetahs are disappearing slowly from the world.B．The protection of cheetahs is urgently needed.C．Cheetahs always catch farmers' livestock for food.D．Cheetahs are able to adapt to the environment well.Ⅱ.阅读填句Using a Mobile Phone to Improve Mother and Child HealthPeople around the world are working to expand the uses for mobile technology in health care. In the world, there are six billion mobile phone users in a population of seven billion people.__1__ Africa has widespread adoption. Three or four years ago the penetration rates were 20 percent or 30 percent, and now they're getting upwards of 60 percent in some countries.__2__ Earlier research has been to look at mobile technologies and HIV and AIDS. And so we have some great evidence on the effectiveness of mobiles.During the first week of December, 2012, more than 4,000 people from 50 countries met for the fourth annual Health Summit. It brought together experts from what the organizers call the Health ecosystem.In 2011 Secretary of State Hillary Clinton started a public/private partnership called the Mobile Alliance for Maternal Action, or MAMA. There are about 800 women a day and about three million babies a year die from pregnancy and childbirth-related causes. __3__ The messages cover pregnancy and the first year of a baby's life. These health messages may also be sent to a pregnant woman's husband and mother-in-law. __4__ Messages can be text or voicemail. You can have a pregnant woman in Bangladesh registered into a system that provides messages that help her know what to do and when to do certain things.Simple text messages can be important sources of information to people without Internet access. __5__ They have to be able to read through thousands of entries that come back to them on Google, for example, and then figure out what that information means to them. And that's not something that someone in a poor and uneducated kind of situation can do.A．They have no access to the relevant information.B．That way they too can understand what needs to be done.C．Millions of messages about baby care are received every day.D．A lot of work has been done to use mobile technology for health.E．And the most rapidly growing markets are those in developing countries.F．The program sends messages to women to educate them about their health.G．Besides, online users may sometimes not understand all the information available.Ⅲ.短文改错What could be more refreshing than drinking a can of icy cold soda after exercising? Soda is the popular drink all over the world. But drinking too many of it can have serious health consequences. For instance, weight gain is a strongly possibility, because of soda is high in sugar and calories. Drinking soda has also been linked to tooth decay(蛀牙). In fact, the acid in soda can begin damaging enamel(牙釉质) just 20 minute after soda is drinking, according to a survey. Unfortunately, sales of soda is going down in the US, as the survey shows. That's probably why nowadays people are more aware this sweet drink's health risks.答案Ⅰ.阅读理解猎豹是最独特的猫科动物，但猎杀、栖息地的破坏以及猎物的减少使猎豹数量减少，它们急需被保护。

Unit 1 Great scientistsPeriod One Warming Up & ReadingⅠ.用适当的介、副词填空1．John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.2．This was the deadly disease of its day.3．A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.4．The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.5．As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information.6．He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.7．Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.8．Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.9．In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.10．With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.Ⅱ.佳句翻译与仿写1．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.翻译人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。

Unit 1 Great scientists using language课时作业Ⅰ阅读理解A(2019·贵阳监测)Nov. 21 is World Hello Day. It began back in the1970s as part of an effort to make the world more peaceful. It wascreated just after the war between Israel and Egypt in 1973. Thephilosophy(哲学) behind it is：Say “Hello” and stop war.It sounds like a fine idea, but most of us know that simply saying“Hello”won’t bring about world peace. Still, on a smaller range, thesimple act of saying “Hello”to someone can make a lot of difference.This might not be obvious. After all, it’s such a casual thing and requires so little effort. You raise your head to someone as you pass by them in the school corridor(走廊), say “Hello”，and then it’s over.Although we might not realize it, a small thing like a greeting can mean a lot to a person. Many people are lonely because they’re shy. They find it difficult to communicate with people, even though they want to. It leads to them feeling cut off.On this basis, maybe it’s a good idea, not just on Nov. 21, but every day, to remember to say “Hello”to as many people as we can. The stranger who hears your greeting may secretly smile in their heart. You might even make their day.Greeting other people is the easiest way to be polite.Politeness is the way we individual humans link up with the rest of the human world outside of our circles of family and friends.Politeness is one of the aspects of culture that make us a society rather than just many individuals living in the same space.No one said it better than the French author Joseph Joubert：“Politeness is the flower of humanity.” A “Hello” to a stranger is a small thing, and often neglected(忽视), but through it we can make the world better for another person.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界问候日的由来及意义。