2010高考英语《语法》专题复习系列课件12《短文改错》

3. 语义衔接错误
学生可能没有正确理解句子之间的语义关系，导致句子之间的衔接不 自然，如缺少过渡词或代词指代不明。
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CATALOGUE
短文改错技巧与策略
通读全文，理解大意
总结词：整体把握
详细描述：在开始修改错误之前，先快速通读一遍全文，了解文章的大意和整体 结构，有助于更好地定位和修改错误。
逐句分析，找出错误
2. 词义错误
学生可能对某些单词的含义理解不准 确，导致使用不当，如将“bark”误 用作“bake”。
3. 词性错误
学生可能对单词的词性掌握不牢，导 致在句子中使用了不合适的词性，如 形容词误用作动词。
语法错误
总结词
1. 句子结构错误
语法错误是短文改错中的重要类型，主要 涉及句子结构、时态、语态等方面的错误 。
总结词：细致入微
详细描述：逐句阅读文章，仔细分析句子结构、语法规则和词汇用法，找出明显的错误并进行修改。
仔细检查，避免遗漏
总结词：全面审查
详细描述：完成错误修改后，再次仔细检查全文，确保没有遗漏任何错误，并核实修改后的句子是否符合语法规则和习惯用 法。
遵循语法规则和习惯用法
总结词：规范语言
详细描述：在修改错误时，要遵循语法规则和习惯用法，确 保语言规范、表达准确。同时，也要注意上下文语境和逻辑 关系，避免出现前后矛盾的情况。
语篇错误
总结词
语篇错误主要涉及上下文连贯性、逻辑关系和语义衔接等方面的错误 。
1. 上下文连贯性错误
学生可能没有正确理解上下文含义，导致句子与段落之间缺乏连贯性 ，如前后文信息不一致或逻辑关系混乱。
2. 逻辑关系错误
学生可能没有正确理解句子之间的逻辑关系，导致句子之间的衔接不 当，如因果关系颠倒或转折关系不明。

式 ●多词（1个）:常为介词
与
The farmer was worried because ＼of his wallet was in
改
the pocket.
正 ● 少词（1个）:介词、冠词较多
方
I
meant
to
write∧along
letter
and
tell
you
all
√
the
things
法
I’m doing at school,…
3. ● 每个错误只涉及一个单词。
注 ● 不改标点符号、大小写、拼 意 写和语序。 事 项 ● 做题时以句子为单位，不要
以行为单位。
【名校课堂】获奖PPT-高考英语专题 复习之 短文改 错(共PP T)（最 新版本 ）推荐
二. 解题步骤
1 浏览全文，掌握大意
2 分句阅读，逐行找错 3 由易到难, 各个击破 4 检查核对，注意方法
3). One day, while my friend and I w__a__s_ were
traveling through Germany, …
4). I have often dreamed of _t_a_l_k_ face to
face with you.
talking
5). I am very e__x__c_i_t_i_n__g to learn that you’re excited
proud
9). We can hear birds singing _h_a__p__p__y all around. happily
10). Then John read some reviews of the play,

( 1.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests . 解析:ideas –idea have no idea 为固定词组，只能用单数 。 2.Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole class . 解析:knowledges----- knowledge knowledge 为不可数名词 .
C:代词指代不一致的错误 或代词使用不当 1 I just smiled to me and thought , “What can I do ?”
smile to oneself 意为自己暗暗地笑，是固定 用法，这是代词使用不当。
解析 ： ------ myself me
2. Finally, the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves .
[考点剖析]
此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几 个方面： 1) 代词指代的人或事物前后不一致 的错误. 2) “it” 一词的不当使用(包括用于从 句中或作形式主语或宾语).
3) 不定代词或反身代词的误用.
[解决方案 ]
(1) 顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指 代关系，注意联系上下文。 (2) 系统掌握it的各种用法 . (3)准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使 用。
命题原则特点
高中英语课程标准指出，中学英语课程的 总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综 合语言运用能力的形成是建立在学生语言技能， 语言知识，情感态度，学习策略和文化意识等 素养整体 发展的基础上的。语言知识和语言技 能 是综合 运用能力的基础。高考短文改错题就 是对学生语言知识和语言技能进行检测的有效 手段。

for 4. The gentleman insisted at my receiving the
money.
on
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六、冠词连词常光顾
１. 冠词a, an 和 the的用法错误． ２．连词but，and，or, so和although的逻 辑性用法错误．
高考链接６：
He was right here in the front of me. (2011陕西卷）
∧ in
He had only a small cold room to live.in
He paid a visit to his grandfather on that afternoon.
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五、介词短语须关注， 习惯用法要记住．
高考链接： Two years before, I travelled to Brazil and I rented for a car.(2012 浙 江卷) I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. with
luggage
In early January this year, the rate of UFO reports was steady, around three per weeks.(2011辽宁卷）
week
14
practice
绝不可数名词
1.Don’t lose hearts, you’ll be successful in time.
从错误比例上看，
2：1：7 或者 1：1：8：
多 缺错
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一、动词形
1.动词的时态和语态错误.
高考链接1：

Error correction
The courseware also includes essays with common errors and mistakes, allowing students to identify and correct their own writing errors,
2010 English College Entrance Examination Topic Re
目 录
• Overview of Error Correction Questions in Short Essays
• Tips for correcting mistakes and solving problems in short essays
目 录
• Analysis of Correct English Essays in the 2010 College Entrance Examination
• Simulated practice and improvement
• Summary and suggestions
01
Overview of Error Correction Questions
用词精准，表达准确
总结词
逻辑严密，条理清晰
详细描述
学生在写作中逻辑严密，条理清晰，从问题的提出到解决 方案的阐述，层次分明，逻辑清晰。
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Summary and suggestions
Summarize the key and difficult points of correcting mistakes in the short article
详细描述
首先，要留意短文中是否有拼写错误或使用不恰当的词汇。如果发现错误，应及时纠正。其次，要注 意短文中的同义词替换是否得当，以及是否使用了地道的英语表达。最后，要检查短文中的词汇搭配 是否符合英语习惯，避免出现中式英语。

How to do Proof-reading
短文改错
考查目标
1）识别错误 并正确校正语篇的能力 2）综合运用英语知识的能力 3）准确理解语篇，掌握内容及行文逻辑的 能力
高考短文改错的考察方式
Unnecessary
word
1. I can go to home now.
Missing word 2. I like playing∧ piano. the
faster
practice
1. He asked angry if we had finished the work. angrily
2. Yes, it is clearly that your life in your country is clear
quite different from mine.
三、还要注意形和副
１．形容词和副词的误用
2．比较级和最高级的混用或误用.
高考链接3：
When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and
gave it back.（2011 浙江卷）
slowly
The doctor says he is recovering fast than expected.(2009陕西）
从错误比例上看，
2：1：7 或者 1：1：8：
多 缺错
写在最后
经常不断地学习,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量 Study Constantly, And You Will Know Everything. The More
You Know, The More Powerful You Will Be

5
常考的短文改错的错误主要是以下 几个方面：一是语法方面，主要测试动 词时态和语态，非谓语动词和短语动 词；名词、代词的各种形式，形容词 和副词以及比较等级的用法；连词、 冠词、介词；主谓一致；简单句、并 列句和复合句，以及倒装、省略句等。
6
二是在行文逻辑方面，主要考查人 物的性别及相应的物主代词或物的 数量及相应的物主代词，句子的并 列、递进、转折、因果关系；时间 的先后顺序等。

2015安徽卷： You can sit at the desk and read the daily newspapers, magazines and the other books, but you are not permit to take them out

wishes
permitted
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2016福建卷： If you have interests
soon.
in it, reply to me
2016陕西卷： They have all
sorts of course. I’m sure you will find one you like it. sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful. courses
likes
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3.I
will like to know where you were born. would 4.I would like you read it again.
to
5.My father mustn’t have said such a thing.
couldn’t /can’t
(3) 主动语态和被动语态的混用 。

c.(03)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. read d. (04)I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class. talk
介词的错误
1.We practise for three times every week.(NMET98)
for
2.And I can’t forget the food you cooked for I.(NMET95)
me
4.动词时态
a.(01) They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that--do b.(02) The time passes quickly. Evening came. passed
7.冠词
a. (02) As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. b. ( 01)We may be one family and live under a same roof,but--c. (04) on Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. a the the
f.(05)I will write again and send took you the photos we take together. g. (06)We had guests last night who had

43《短文改错》
高考内容
（1）词法内容。包括名词、代词的数与格，反身 代词，动词时态语态，非谓语动词、短语动词的 用法，不规则动词的变化形式，形容词的比较级， 形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。
（2）句法内容。包括主谓一致、指代一致，并列 连词，从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语，感 叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。
e.(05) My pronunciation was terrible
terribly .
late
f.(06) They came back lately and 命查题形特容点词ha及和d 副改som词正e的方te法误a. ：用、主形要容考
词及副词的比较级等。1）根据
adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；
c. (03)The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English. d.(01)What things are in other homes, I wonder.
命题特点： read 主要考查and、or、but、 so等并列连词的误用。
改正方法；1）根据句意确定误； 2）根据句子的逻辑关 系确定错误。
6.从句连词
a.(02) It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.
b.(04) I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me.
and saw one of them just go
through the kitchen door but turn

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错误类型6
代词错误 1）代词四大类 2）反身代词
（myself/yourself/himself/herself /themselves/ourselves） 3）代词的单数和复数 4）多余的代词和少代词
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① If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out.
14
错误类型5
形容词和副词错误类 1) 系动词后用形容词
（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/ 感官性动词 smell /feel） 2) 词性的误用 形容词修饰名词，副词修饰实义动词， 副词修饰形容词、副词、过去分词。
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① I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
合运用英语的能力； 5.短文改错要从语法和逻辑的角度。
3
误区诊断
错误顺序 错误类型
错误根源
1
代词
混淆人称
2
名词
忽视了名词的单复数
3
冠词 没弄清楚元音辅音字母开
头
4
介词 没弄清楚固定搭配的用法
4
误区诊断
错误顺序 错误类型
错误根源
5
连词
忽视了行文上的逻辑错误
6
非谓语动词 没弄清主语与动作的关系
7
连词
② My pronunciation was terribly.
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① I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
（time是名词，要用形容词wonderful修饰） ② My pronunciation was terribly.