一阶电路first-order circuit三要素法three-element method for analyzingfirst-order circuitss 平面s-plane二端元件two-terminal element二端网络two-terminal network无源网络passive-terminal network有源网络active-terminal networkT 形网络T-networkΓ形网络inverted L-network, Γ-network入射波incidence wave三相three-phase三相电路three-phase circuit三相制three-phase system三相四线制three-phase four-wire system三角形连接delta-connection, △-connection 三角形网络delta-network三端网络three-terminal network端口portπ形网络π- network已调信号modulated signal支路branch支路电流法branch current method支路阻抗矩阵branch impedance matrix支路导纳矩阵branch admittance matrix分压器voltage divider分压比voltage division ratio分贝decibel(dB)分离图separated graph开路open-circuit开路阻抗open-circuit impedance开路阻抗矩阵open-circuit impedance matrix反接inversed connection, connection inopposition反射阻抗reflected impedance反相opposite in phase反向串联inverted series connection反向传输矩阵inverted transmission matrix互感mutual inductance互感应现象mutual induction phenomenon互感耦合mutual-inductance coupling互感耦合电路mutual-inductance coupled circuit 互易性reciprocity 互易定理reciprocity theorem互易网络reciprocity network中线 (零线 )neutral wire中性点 (中点 )neutral point无功功率reactive power无功功率守恒theorem of conservation of reactive 定理power无功伏安reactive Volt-Ampere无功分量reactive component无功因数reactive factor双口网络two-port network, two-port对称双口网络symmetrical two-port network不对称双口网unsymmetrical two-port network 络X 形双口网络lattice network复合双口网络composite two-port networkT 形桥式双口bridge-T two-port network网络双 T 网络double-T network双 T 选频网络double-T frequency selectionnetwork匹配matching方阵square matrix韦伯 (韦)Weber(Wb)乏var辅助分析computer-aided analysis瓦特 (瓦)watt(W)分布电感distributed inductance内部法internal approach分段线性化法piece-wise linear approximation 分布参数电路distributed circuit反射系数reflection coefficient反射波reflected wave匹配match无损耗线lossless line无损耗线的输input impedance of lossless line 入阻抗无畸变distortionless无畸变条件distortionless condition无畸变线distortionless line电路circuit电源source理想电源ideal source1 /15实际电源physical source电位potential电位差potential difference电位升potential rise电位降potential drop电位参考点potential reference point电压voltage电压圆图voltage circle diagram电压源voltage source电压控制电压voltage-controlled voltage source 源电压控制电流voltage-controlled current source 源电压反馈系数voltage feed-back factor线电压line voltage相电压phase voltage电流current电流源current source电流控制电压current-controlled voltage source 源电流控制电流current-controlled current source 源电流放大系数current amplification factor线电流line current相电流phase current电动势electromotiveforce(e.m.f.),electromotance电激流excitation current电阻resistance内电阻internal resistance自电阻self-resistance共电阻 ( 互电mutual resistance阻)电导conductance内电导internal conductance自电导self-conductance共电导 ( 互电mutual conductance导)电感inductance电容capacitance电抗reactance电纳susceptance电信号electric signal 电场能量electric field energy电场强度electric field intensity电磁场electromagnetic field电力网power network电报方程telegraphic equation正弦波sinusoidal wave正弦信号sinusoidal signal正弦函数sinusoidal function正弦响应sinusoidal response正弦交流电路sinusoidal responsealternating current circuit正序positive sequence正相序positive phase sequence正负号函数signup矢量vector节点node节点方程node equation节点电流方程node current equation节点电压法node voltage method节点关联矩阵node incidence matrix节点电导矩阵node conductance matrix广义节点Super-node对称三相电路symmetrical three-phase circuit 对称均匀链形symmetrical uniform chain network 网络对偶原理principle of duality对偶网络dual network对偶元件dual element对应端corresponding terminal对象阻抗image impedance对象参数image parameter对象传输常数image propagation constant平面网络planar network非平面网络non-planar network功率power功率因数power factor功率因数角power factor angle功率三角形power triangle功率守恒定理theorem of conservation of power 平均功率average power有功功率active power无功功率reactive power视在功率apparent power2 /15右手螺旋定则right-handed screw rule外网孔outer mesh失谐状态detuned condition小失谐状态slightly detuned condition四端网络four-terminal network, quadripole 主元pivot element, pivot平衡工作点balanced operating point龙格 -库塔法Runge-Kutta method四阶 R-K 法forth-order R-K method四分之一波长quarter-wave line线史密斯阻抗图Smith Chart网络network网络分析network analysis网络分析法method of network analysis网络方程法network-equation method网络变换法network-transformation method网络拓扑network topology网络模型network-model有源网络active network无源网络passive network线性网络linear network非线性网络nonlinear network网孔mesh网孔电流法mesh-current method网孔矩阵mesh matrix网孔阻抗矩阵mesh-impedance matrix网孔对支路关mesh-to-branch incidence matrix 联矩阵自感 (自感系self-inductance数)并联parallel connection并联谐振parallel resonance有效值effective value有源二端网络equivalent source theorem of active 的等效电源定two-terminal network理有源二端网络equivalent voltage source theorem 的等效电压源of active two-terminal network定理 (戴维南定(Thevenin's theorem)理)有源二端网络equivalent current source theorem 的等效电流源of active two-terminal network定理 (诺顿定(Norton's theorem)理 )同名端dotted terminal同相in phase回路loop回路电阻矩阵loop-resistance matrix回路电流法loop-current method回转器gyrator导纳admittance导纳角admittance angle导纳圆图admittance circle diagram自导纳self-admittance共导纳 (互导mutual admittance纳 )共轭匹配conjugate matching共轭旋转相量conjugate rotating phasor负载load负序negative sequence负相序negative-phase sequence全磁通total magnetic flux全波整流full-wave rectification全通图completely-connected graph 次级线圈secondary coil行row行阵row matrix行子阵row submatrix行矢量row vector列column列阵column matrix列子阵column submatrix列矢量column vector关联incidence关联矩阵incidence matrix正向关联positive incidence负向关联negative incidence似功率quasi-power似功率守恒定theorem of conservation of理quasi-power传递函数transfer function传播常数propagation constant传输矩阵transmission matrix传输效率transmission efficiency米勒定理Miller's theorem3 /15级联cascade connection伏特 (伏 )Volt(V)伏秒Volt-second伏安特性volt-ampere characteristic安培 (安 )Ampere(A)西门子 ( 西)Siemens(S)过渡过程transient state过电压over voltage过电流over current自由分量free component自激振荡self-sustained oscillation自然功率natural power自然频率natural frequency网络的自然频natural frequency of a network率网络变量的自natural frequency of network然频率variables零输入响应的natural frequency of zero-input自然频率response阶跃响应step response冲量响应impulse response冲量响应矩阵impulse response matrix动态电阻dynamic resistance网孔运算阻抗mesh operational impedance matrix矩阵网络函数network function网络函数的极pole-zero diagram of network零点分布图function行波travelling wave正向行波direct wave反向行波returning wave行波功率travelling wave power行波系数travelling wave ratio串联series connection串联谐振series resonance连支link连通图connected graph连续频谱continuous spectrum不连续频谱discrete spectrum初相initial phase初相角initial phase angle初级线圈primary coil角频率angular frequency均方根值root-mean-square value均匀频谱uniform spectrum均匀链形电路uniform chain circuit时变电流time-varying current位移电流displacement current运算放大器operational amplifier两瓦特表法two-wattmeter method亨利 (亨)Henry(H)时域分析time-domain analysis时域位移定理real shifting(translation)theorem 时间常数time constant初始条件initial condition初始状态initial state初值定理initial value theorem张弛振荡relaxtion oscillation阻尼系数damping coefficient均匀传输线uniform transmission line均匀传输线的primary parameters of uniform 原始参数transmission line均匀传输线的differential equations of uniform 微分方程transmission line均匀传输线的propagation constant of uniform 传播常数transmission line均匀传输线的characteristic impedance of uniform 特性阻抗transmission line均匀传输线的attenuation constant of uniform 衰减常数transmission line均匀传输线相phase constant of uniform 移常数transmission line均匀传输线输input impedance of uniform 入阻抗transmission line均匀传输线的lumped equivalent circuit of 集中参数等效uniform transmission line 电路折射波reflected wave状态state状态变量state variable状态矢量state vector状态变量法state variable approach状态方程state equation状态空间state space状态空间法state space approach状态轨迹state trajectory4 /15状态转换矩阵state transition matrix状态变量计算superposition method for computer 机辅助分析的aided analysis of state variables叠加法状态变量计算topological method for computer机辅助分析的aided analysis of state variables拓扑法极限环limit cycle极点pole步长step length延时线time-delay line线性linearity线性电阻linear resistance线性电感linear inductance线性电容linear capacitance线性网络定理linear network theorem线状频谱line spectrum周期period周期信号period signal非周期信号non-periodic signal非线性元件nonperiodic element非正弦周期电non-sinusoidal periodic current流电路circuit单位阵unit matrix单位阶跃函数unit step function单位阶跃电压unit step voltage单位冲量函数unit impluse function单位冲量电流unit impluse current单脉冲信号single pulse signal单口网络one-port network, one-port拓扑图topological graph, graph有向拓扑图oriented graph拓扑结构topology, topological construction 转移transfer转移阻抗transfer impedance转移导纳transfer admittance转移电压比transfer voltage ratio转移电流比transfer current ratio转移函数transfer function转置阵transposed matrix转移函数transfer function转移函数矩阵transfer function matrix空载状态no-load condition 空心变压器air-core transformer参考方向reference direction参考相量reference phasor参考节点reference node受控源controlled source受控源关联矩controlled source incidence matrix 阵图graph子图Sub-graph奇谐波函数odd harmonic function变比transformation ratio环流circulating current直流direct current直流网络direct current network直流分量direct current component阻抗impedance阻抗角impedance angle阻抗逆变器impedance inverter阻抗频率特性impedance-frequency characteristic 自阻抗self-impedance共阻抗mutual impedance内阻抗internal impedance输入阻抗input impedance欧姆 (欧)Ohm's欧姆定律Ohm's law广义欧姆定律generalized Ohm's law欧拉法Euler's method法拉 (法)Farad(F)微法micro-Farad(F)皮法pico-Farad(F)法拉第电磁感Faraday's law of electromagnetic 应定律induction奈培neper(Np)经典法classical method非零状态响应non-zero-state response非强制网络unforced network非线性电路nonlinear circuit非线性电阻nonlinear resistance电流控非线性current-controlled nonlinear电阻resistance电压控非线性voltage-controlled nonlinear电阻resistance范式normal form范式状态方程normal form state equations5 /15放电过程discharge过阻尼放电过Over-damped discharge程欠阻尼放电过Under-damped discharge程非振荡放电过non-oscillatory discharge程振荡放电过程oscillatory discharge临界阻尼放电critically damped discharge过程拉普拉斯Laplace拉普拉斯正变Laplace transformation换拉普拉斯反变inverse Laplace transformation 换拉普拉斯积分Laplace integral拉普拉斯象函Laplace transform数线性组合定理linear combination theorem终值定理final value theorem波长wavelength波阻抗wave impedance波腹loop波节node驻波standing wave驻波系数standing wave ratio规则信号regular signal卷积convolution Integral卷积定理convolution Integral theorem 响应response响应信号response signal相位 (相 )phase相位角phase angle相位差phase difference相位频率特性phase-frequency characteristic 相矢量phasor相矢量分析法phasor analysis相序phasor sequence信号signal信号源signal source总电导total conductance树tree树支tree branch 树余cotree星形 (Y) 连接star-connection, Y-connection星形网络star-connection network复数complex number复数平面complex plane复数阻抗complex impedance复数导纳complex admittance复数功率complex power复数导纳矩阵complex admittance matrix顺接connection in aiding顺序positive sequence独立电源independent source品质因数quality factor逆序negative sequence选择性selectivity选频特性frequency-selection characteristic 恒定分量constant component脉冲pulse脉冲幅度pulse amplitude脉冲高度pulse altitude脉冲宽度pulse width脉冲持续时间pulse duration脉冲重复周期repeating period of pulse指数衰减因子exponential attenuation factor指数矩阵exponential matrix临界电阻critical resistance临界值critical value复频率complex frequency复频率平面complex frequency plane复频谱函数complex frequency spectrumfunction复频域complex frequency domain复频域位移定complex理shifting(translation)theorem复频域等效电complex shifting equivalent circuit 路复频域中广义generalized ohm's law in the欧姆定律complex frequency domain复频域传播常complex frequency domain数propagation constant复频域特性阻complex frequency domain抗characteristic impedance复频域反射系complex frequency domain6 /15数reflection coefficient电容的复频域complex frequency domain阻抗impedance of capacitor电感的复频域complex frequency domain阻抗impedance of inductorRLC 串联电路complex frequency domain的复频域阻抗impedance of RLC series circuit 相移速度phase velocity柏德生法则Peterson's Rule容抗capacitive reactance容纳capacitive susceptance振幅amplitude振幅频谱amplitude spectrum振幅旋转相量amplitude rotating phasor效率efficiency矩阵matrix矩阵分析法matrix analysis特性characteristic特性方程characteristic equation特性阻抗characteristic impedance特性参数characteristic parameter特性损耗characteristic loss特性相移characteristic phase displacement 特勒根定理Tellegen's theorem离散性discreteness离散频谱discrete spectrum高次谐波higher harmonic高斯消去法Gauss elimination method高斯主元消去Gauss elimination with pivoting法T 形阻抗网络bridge-T impedance network浮地电感floating inductance积分电路integrating circuit积分定理integration theorem衰减attenuation衰减系数attenuation constant振荡oscillation阻尼振荡damped oscillation衰减振荡attenuated oscillation减幅振荡attenuated oscillation等幅振荡unattenuated oscillation无阻尼振荡自由振荡高阶电路特征方程特征根 (值 )特征多项式特征方程复频域形式部分分式展开法留数计算法逐步近似法预解矩阵载波调制信号被调制信号换路基本回路基本回路矩阵基本割集基本割集矩阵基本子阵基波基尔霍夫基尔霍夫方程基尔霍夫定律基尔霍夫电流定律基尔霍夫电压定律基尔霍夫电流定律的复频域形式基尔霍夫电压定律的复频域形式偶谐波函数理想元件理想激励源理想电压源理想电流源理想受控源7 /15undamped oscillationfree oscillationhigher order circuitscharacteristic equationcharacteristic root, eigenvaluecharacteristic polynomialcomplex frequency domaincharacteristic equationpartial-fraction expansionevaluation by the residuemethod step-by-stepapproximation resolvent matrixcarriermodulating signalmodulated signalswitchingfundamental loopfundamental loop matrixfundamental cut setfundamental cut set matrixfundamental submatrixfundamental harmonicKirchhoffKirchhoff's equationKirchhoff's lawKirchhoff's current lawKirchhoff's voltage lawKirchhoff's current law in thecomplex frequency domainKirchhoff's voltage law in thecomplex frequency domaineven harmonic functionideal elementideal excitation sourceideal voltage sourceideal current sourceideal controlled source理想变量器ideal transformer理想变压器ideal transformer旋转相矢量rotating phasor混合参数矩阵hybrid parameter matrix累接阻抗iterative impedance接地点ground point谐振resonance谐振状态resonance state谐振电路resonant circuit谐振阻抗resonant impedance谐振频率resonant frequency谐波harmonic谐波分量harmonic component离散化discretization常态树proper tree随机性信号random signal集中参数lumped parameter集中参数元件lumped element集中参数电路lumped circuit等效网络equivalent network等效阻抗equivalent impedance等效导纳equivalent admittance短路short-circuit短路导纳short-circuit admittance短路导纳矩阵short-circuit admittance matrix 超前lead滞后lag惠斯登电桥Wheatstone bridge割集cut set割集电导矩阵cut set conductance matrix 策动点driving point策动点阻抗driving point impedance策动点导纳driving point admittance策动点函数driving point function替代定理substitution theorem链形网络chain network晶体管电路transistor circuit插入功率比insertion power ratio插入衰减insertion loss傅里叶Fourier傅里叶级数Fourier's series 傅里叶积分Fourier's integral傅里叶积分变Fourier's integral transform 换傅里叶系数Fourier coefficient傅里叶正变换positive Fourier transform傅里叶反变换inverse Fourier transform暂态transient state暂态分量transient component强制分量forced component确定性信号regular signal输入input输入电路input circuit输入功率input power输入端口input port输出output输出电路output circuit输出阻抗output impedance输出端口output port感抗inductive reactance感纳inductive susceptance零电位点zero potential point零子阵zero submatrix数值解法numerical analysis数值积分法numerical integration愣次定律Lenz's law幅角argument频率frequency频率特性frequency characteristic频谱frequency spectrum频谱函数frequency spectrum function 频带frequency band频带宽度band width通频带pass-band频域frequency domain频域响应frequency domain response 简谐分量simple harmonic component 微分电路differentiating circuit微分定理differentiation theorem零状态zero state零状态响应zero state response零状态分量zero state component零输入响应zero-input response8 /15零输入分量zero-input component输出方程output equation输入 -输出法input-output approach数值解法numerical solution群速group velocity群时延group time-delay畸变distortion叠加定理superposition theorem磁通magnetic flux磁通链magnetic flux linkage磁耦合magnetic coupling磁场能量magnetic field energy端电压terminal voltage端线terminal wire端口port terminal模modulus缩减矩阵reduced matrix谱线spectrum line稳态steady state稳态响应steady state response赫兹Hertz(Hz)稳态分量steady state component稳定性stability静态电阻static resistance端部法terminal approach截断误差truncation error耦合系数coupling coefficient增广矩阵augmented matrix增广节点导纳augmented node admittance matrix 矩阵额定电压rated voltage额定电流rated current额定功率rated power激励excitation激励信号excitation signal激励源excitation source激励函数excitation function瞬时值instantaneous value瞬时电压instantaneous voltage瞬时电流instantaneous current瞬时功率instantaneous power电压串联电阻 A voltage in series with a resister 电源变换Source transformation 电流并联电阻 A current source in parallel with aresister双边的Bilateral叠加Superposition麻烦的Cumbersome同时发生的Simultaneous术语Terminology二维的Planar安培表Ammeter编造的Fictitious操纵（作）Manipulation相关的Pertinent运算放大器The operational amplifier二极管Diode晶体管Transistor喜好Penchant明智的Judicious求助于Invoke复制品Replica比较器Comparator运动中的电荷Charge in motion定量关系Quantitative relationship绝缘体Insulator电介质材料Dielectric material时变电场Time-varying electric field位移电流Displacement current传导电流Conduction current无源元件Passive element单位是Be measured in图形上Graphically线圈Coiled wire短路Short current跃变Change instantaneously电弧Arcing微分Differential代数的Algebraic功率是消耗能Power is the time rate of对时间的倒数expending energy字母 C Letter C金属板Conductive plate零输入响应Natural response阶跃响应；零Step response状态响应9 /15系数Coefficient一阶电路First-order circuit指数Exponent倒数Reciprocal瞬间响应Transient response稳态响应Steady-state response示波器Oscilloscope类比的Analogous初始电压的指Exponential decay of the initial 衰减voltage减率The rate of decay基本微积分Elementary calculus等幅震荡Oscillation衍生物Derivation特征根Characteristic roots谐振角频率Resonant radian frequency量纲Dimension复频率Complex frequency过阻尼Over damp欠阻尼Under damp临界阻尼Critically damp正弦的Sinusoidal提及的Allude to配线电路Distribution circuit详述Spell out领域Realm间隔时间Interval相互的Reciprocal波幅Amplitude相位角Phase angle平面三角学Trigonometry均方根Rms value直流电压Dc voltage暂态分量Transient component无穷小Infinitesimal丧失Forfeit向量Phasor括号Argument符号Notation向量变换Phasor transform时域Time domain复数域Complex-number domain 黑体字Boldface letter极坐标假设下脚标无意义的术语，命名法无源元件有源元件阻抗电抗瞬时功率有功功率；平功率无功功率视在功率通过A滞后 B120 ° A超前 B120 °相序圆柱体表面定子线圈发电机线电压相电压动态元件滤波器听得见的选频电路衰减图式均衡器低通高通带通带阻滤波器初步通带阻带频率响应曲线幅频特性曲线相频特性曲线截止频率Polar formPostulateSubscriptNonsensical NomenclaturePassive elements Active elements ImpedanceReactance Instantaneous power Average powerReactive power Apparent powerViaA lagB by 120°A lead B by 120°Phase sequence PeripheryStatorWindingGeneratorLine-to-linevoltageLine-to-neutralvoltageReactivecomponentsFilterAudibleFrequency-selective circuitsAttenuateGraphicequalizerLow pass filtershigh pass filtersBand pass filtersBand rejectfiltersPreliminaryPassbandStopbandFrequencyresponse plotMagnitude plotPhase angle plotCutoff frequency 10/ 15Chapter 1 Elements and Laws of Eletrical Circuits电路electrical circuit电路模型circuitmodel电源source负载load导线line开关switch电荷electric charge电流current电压voltage电位potential电位升potential rise电位降potential drop电位差potential difference参考点referencepoint线性电阻linear resistance磁通链magnetic flux linkage功率power能量energy电阻器resistor电阻resistance电动势electromotive force （ e.m.f ）伏安特性u-i characteristicvolt-ampere characteristic电导器conductor电导conductance电感器inductor电感inductance电容器capacitor电容capacitance欧姆定律Ohm’s Law广义欧姆定律generalized Ohm ’s Law参考方向reference direction电压极性voltage polarity正极positive polarity负极negative polarity开路open-circuit短路short-circuit理想独立电压源ideal independent voltage实际电压源physical sourcesource理想独立电流源ideal independent current理想受控源ideal dependent / controlledsource source压控电压源voltage controlled voltage压控电流源voltage controlled currentsource（VCVS ）source（ VCCS ）流控电压源current controlled voltage流控电流源current controlled currentsource（CCVS ）source（ CCCS）节点node支路branch回路loop路径path网孔mesh网络network基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff ’s current law（KCL ）基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff ’s voltage law（KVL ）闭合面closed surface集总参数lumped parameter集总（参数）电路lumped circuit集总（参数）元件lumped element分布参数distributed parameter分布（参数）电路distributed circuit直流direct current （DC）交流alternating current（ AC ）有源元件active element无源元件passive elementChapter 2 Analysis methods to simple resistor circuits端钮terminal串联series connection分压voltage division并联parallel connection分流current division等效变换equivalent transformation等效电阻equivalent resistance入端电阻input resistance最大功率传输定理Maximum power transfer theorem Y- 变换Wye-Delta transformation11/ 15Chapter 3 methods of Analysis节点法node analysis / node voltage method支路电流法branch current method回路电流法loop analysis / loop current method外网孔outer mesh网孔电流法mesh analysis / mesh current method自导纳self admittance互导纳mutual admittance矩阵matrix行row列column参考节点reference node平面电路planar circuit方程equation消去法elimination technique克莱姆法则Cramer’s rule代入法substitution method运算放大器operational amplifier(op amp)同向输入端noninverting input反向输入端inverting input输出端output等效电路模型equivalent circuit model开环放大倍数open-loop gain闭环放大倍数closed-loop gain入端电阻input resistance输出电阻output resistance线性工作区linear region正向饱和区positive saturation反向饱和区negative saturation同向放大器noninverting amplifier反向放大器inverting amplifier加法器summing amplifier / summer积分器integrator微分器differentiator自激振荡self-excited oscillationChapter 4 Circuit Theorems叠加原理superposition theorem齐性原理homogeneity property输入 /激励input / excitation输出 /响应output / response线性电路linear circuit代数和algebraic sum替代定理substitution theorem戴维南定理Thevenin ’s theorem诺顿定理Norton ’s theorem二端网络two-terminal circuit开路电压open-circuit voltage短路电流short-circuit current特勒根定理Tellegen ’s theorem功率平衡定理power-balancing theorem互易定理reciprocal theorem对偶原理principle of duality对偶元件dual element对偶图dual graph对偶电路dual circuitChapter 5 Analysis of Op Amp Circuits非线性电路nonlinear circuit非线性元件nonlinear element压控电阻voltage-controlled resistor流控电阻current-controlled resistor工作点operating point静态电阻static resistance动态电阻dynamic resistance小信号分析small-signal analysis小信号模型small-signal mode分段线性化法piece-wise linear method数值解法numerical analysisChapter 6 First-order Circuit动态电路dynamic circuit一阶电路first-order circuit一阶微分方程first-order differential equation过渡过程transient process/ transient 线性非时变电路linear time-invaried circuit单位阶跃函数unit step function单位冲激函数unit impulse function单位斜坡函数unit ramp function起始条件initial condition起始值initial value换路定则switch law零输入响应zero-input response12/ 15零状态响应zero-state response稳态响应steady-state response 暂态响应transient response时间常数time constant指数函数exponential function冲激响应impulse response阶跃响应step response自由响应natural response自由分量natural component强迫响应forced response强制分量forced component全响应complete response稳态值final value卷积convolution时域延迟time delay换路switching跳变现象jump phenomenon脉冲持续时间pulse duration脉冲重复周期repeating period of pulseChapter 7 Second-order Circuit常系数微分方程constant coefficients differential齐次微分方程homogeneous differential equation equation二阶电路second-order circuit特征方程characteristic equation 特征根characteristic root特征值eigenvalue特征向量eigenvector特解particular solution通解general solution自然频率natural frequency衰减系数damping factor谐振频率resonant frequency过阻尼情况overdamped case欠阻尼情况underdamped case临界情况critically damped case固有频率natural frequency衰减振荡damped oscillation无损lossless正弦响应sinusoidal response波形waveform复数complex衰减attenuationChapter 8-9 Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis复数complex幅值amplitude / magnitude相位phase相位差phase difference角频率angular frequency周期period频率frequency正弦的sinusoidal初相角initial phase angle瞬时值instantaneous value最大值maximum有效值effective value / root-mean-square value u 领先 i φu leads i byφu 落后 i φu lags i byφ同相in phase反相opposite in phase实部real part虚部imaginary part直角坐标形式rectangular form极坐标形式polar form指数形式exponential form相量phasor参考相量reference phasor旋转相量rotating phasor电压三角形voltage triangle瞬时功率instantaneous power平均功率average power阻抗impedance阻抗角impedance angle阻抗三角形impedance triangle导纳admittance电抗reactance电纳suspectance感性inductive感抗inductive reactance感纳inductive suspectance容性capacitive容抗capacitive reactance容纳capacitive suspectance正弦稳态响应sinusoidal steady-state response时域time-domain相量域phasor-domain瞬时概率instantaneous power视在 /表观功率apparent power功率因数power factor (pf)复功率complex power功率三角形power triangle复共轭complex conjugate有功分量active component有功功率active power无功分量reactive component功率守恒定理theorem of conservation of power无功功率reactive power阻抗匹配impedence matching共轭匹配conjugate matching串联谐振series resonance并联谐振parallel resonance谐振频率resonance frequency品质因数quality factor特性阻抗characteristic impedence频率响应frequency response选择性selectivity选频特性frequency-selection characteristicChapter 10 Magnetically Coupled Circuits耦合couple互感mutual inductance自感self-inductance磁通magnetic flux线圈coil铁心线圈iron core coil匝数turn耦合系数coupling coefficient变压器transformer空心变压器air-core transformer原边primary coils / windings副边secondary coils / windings引入阻抗reflected impendence理想变压器ideal transformer全耦合unity coupling coefficient全耦合变压器perfect coupling transformer变比turns ratio / transformation ratio自耦合变压器auto transformer多绕组变压器multiple-winding transformer激磁电感magnetizing inductance右螺旋定则right-hand screw rule漏感leakage inductance同名端dotted terminalterminals of same magnetic polarityChapter 11 Three-phase Circuits对称三相电路symmetrical three-phase circuit三相电源three-phase sources中线neutral line中性点neutral point三相四线制three-phase four-wire system相电压phase voltage线电压line voltage相序phase sequence正序positive / abc sequence负序negative / acb sequence相电流phase current线电流line currentChapter 12 Steady-State Response of Periodic Excitation信号signal周期函数periodic function周期性非正弦激励nonsinusoidal periodic excitation帕斯瓦尔定理Parseval ’s theorem 指数形式的付里叶级数exponential Fourier series付里叶系数Fourier coefficient基波fundamental harmonic基波频率fundamental frequency 谐波harmonic wave高次谐波higher harmonic频谱frequency spectrum谱线spectrum line线状频谱line spectrum奇次谐波oddharmonic偶次谐波even harmonic奇对称odd symmetry。
电路原理专业词汇表Glossary of “Principles of Electric Circuits” Chapter 1 Elements and Laws of ElectricalCircuits电路electrical circuit电流current电荷electric charge电压voltage电位potential电位差potential difference电动势electromotive force功率power能量energy电阻resistor / resistance电导conductor / conductance电感inductor / inductance电容capacitor / capacitance欧姆定律Ohm’s Law广义欧姆定律generalized Ohm’s Law 参考方向reference direction电压极性voltage polarity正极positive polarity负极negative polarity理想独立电压源ideal independent voltage source理想独立电流源ideal independent current source理想受控源ideal dependent / controlled source压控电压源voltage controlled voltage source(VCVS) 压控电流源voltage controlled current source(VCCS) 流控电压源current controlled voltage source(CCVS) 流控电流源current controlled current source(CCCS) 节点node支路branch回路loop基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff’s Current Law(KCL)基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s V oltage Law(KVL)闭合面closed boundary 集总参数lumped parameter集总参数电路lumped circuit集总参数元件lumped element分布参数distributed parameter分布参数电路distributed circuit直流direct current(DC)交流alternating current(AC)有源器件active element无源器件passive element无损电路lossless circuitChapter 2 Analysis methods to simple resistorcircuits串联series connection分压voltage division并联parallel connection分流current division等效电阻equivalent resistanceY-Δ变换 Wye-Delta transformation入端电阻input resistanceChapter 3 Methods of Analysis支路电流法method of branch current节点法Nodal Analysis回路电流法loop current method网孔电流法mesh current method外网孔outer mesh自导纳self-admittance互导纳mutual-admittance矩阵matrix行row列column参考节点reference node平面电路planar circuit方程equation消去法elimination technique克莱姆法则 Cramer’s rule代入法substitution method运算放大器operational amplifier(op amp)同向输入端 noninverting input反向输入端 inverting input输出端output等效电路模型equivalent circuit model 开环放大倍数open-loop gain闭环放大倍数closed-loop gain入端电阻input resistance输出电阻output resistance线性工作区 linear region正向饱和区 positive saturation反向饱和区 negative saturation同向放大noninverting amplifier反向放大inverting amplifier加法器summing amplifier积分器integrator微分器differentiator自激振荡self-sustained oscillationChapter 4 Circuit Theorems叠加原理superposition principle输入/激励input / excitation输出/响应output / response线性电路linear circuit代数和algebraic sum替代定理substitution principle戴维南定理 Thevenin’s Theorem诺顿定理Norton’s Theorem二端网络two-terminal circuit开路电压open-circuit voltage短路电流short-circuit current特勒根定理 Tellegen Theorem功率平衡定理Power-balancing Theorem 互易定理reciprocal theorem对偶原理principle of duality对偶元件dual element对偶图dual graphChapter 5 Nonlinear Circuit非线性电路 nonlinear circuit非线性元件 nonlinear element压控电阻voltage-controlled resistor流控电阻current-controlled resistor静态电阻static resistance动态电阻dynamic resistance小信号分析 small-signal analysis小信号模型 small-signal modal分段线性化法piece-wise linear mthod 数值解法numerical analysis Chapter 6 First-order Circuit一阶电路first-order circuit一阶微分方程first-order differential equation 过渡过程transient process线性时不变电路linear time-invariable circuit单位阶跃函数unit step function单位脉冲函数unit pulse function单位斜坡函数unit ramp function起始条件initial condition起始值initial value零输入响应 zero-input response零状态响应 zero-state response稳态响应steady-state response暂态响应transient response时间常数time constant指数函数exponential function阶跃响应step response冲激响应impulse response自由响应natural response强迫响应forced response全响应complete response稳态值final value卷积积分convolution integration时域延迟time delay换路switching跳变现象jump phenomenon脉冲持续时间pulse duration脉冲重复周期repeating period of pulseChapter 7 Second-order Circuit二阶电路second-order circuit齐次微分方程homogeneous differential equation常系数微分方程constant coefficients equation特征方程characteristic equation特征根characteristic root特征值eigenvalue特征向量eigenvector特解particular solution通解general solution自然频率natural frequency衰减系数damping factor谐振角频率resonant frequency / undampednatural frequency过阻尼情况 overdamped case欠阻尼情况 underdamped case临界情况critically damped case固有振荡角频率damping frequency / dampednatural frequency衰减振荡damped oscillation无损lossless正弦响应sinusoidal response波形waveform实数real复数complex衰减attenuationChapter 8 Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis幅值amplitude / magnitude相位phase相位差phase difference角频率angular frequency周期period频率cyclic frequency正弦sinusoidal余弦cosine初相角initial phase angle瞬时值instantaneous value最大值maximum有效值 effectivevalueroot-mean-square valueu 领先 i φu leads i by φu 落后 i φu lags i by φ同相in phase反相opposite in phase实部real part虚部imaginary part直角坐标形式rectangular form极坐标形式 polar form指数形式exponential form相量phasor参考相量reference phasor电压三角形 voltage triangle瞬时功率instantaneous power平均功率average power阻抗impedance导纳admittance电抗reactance电纳susceptance感性inductive容性capacitive 正弦稳态响应sinusoidal steady-state response时域time-domain相量域phasor-domain视在功率apparent power功率因数power factor (pf)复功率complex power功率三角形 power triangle复共轭complex conjugate有功功率active power无功功率reactive power最大功率传输定理Maximum Power Transfer Theorem功率守恒定理Theorem of conservation of power阻抗匹配impedance matching共轭匹配conjugate matchingChapter 9 Magnetically Coupled Circuits耦合couple互感mutual inductance自感self-inductance磁通magnetic flux互感电压mutual / induced voltage线圈coil铁心线圈coil with iron core匝数turn耦合系数coupling coefficient变压器transformer空心变压器 air-core transformer原边primary coils / windings副边secondary coils / windings引入阻抗reflected impendence理想变压器 ideal transformer全耦合变压器unity-coupled transformer变比turns ratio / transformation ratio自耦合变压器auto-transformer多绕组变压器multiple-winding transformer 右螺旋定则right-handed screw rule同名端dotted terminalterminals of same magnetic polarity 漏感leakage inductanceChapter 10 Resonance串联谐振series resonance并联谐振parallel resonance谐振频率resonant frequency特性阻抗characteristic impedance品质因数quality factor频率响应frequency response选择性selectivity选频特性frequency-selection characteristicChapter 11 Frequency Response复频率complex frequency网络函数network function转移函数transfer function多项式polynomial极点pole零点zero波特图Bode plot分贝decibel增益gain对数logarithm半对数semilog转折频率corner / break frequency截止频率cut-off frequency带宽bandwidth无源滤波器 passive filter有源滤波器 active filter低通滤波器 low-pass filter高通滤波器 high-pass filter带通滤波器 band-pass filter带阻滤波器band-stop / band-reject / notch filterChapter 12 Three-phase Circuits对称三相电源balanced three-phase sources 对称三相电路symmetrical three-phase circuit中线neutral line中性点neutral point三相四线制three-phase four-wire system相电压phase voltage线电压line voltage相序phase sequence正序positive / abc sequence负序negative / acb sequence相电流phase current线电流line current Chapter 13 Steady-State Response of PeriodicExcitation周期性非正弦激励nonsinusoidal periodic excitation三角形式的付里叶级数trigonometric Fourier series指数形式的付里叶级数exponential Fourier series付里叶系数 Fourier coefficient基波fundamental harmonic基波频率fundamental frequency谐波harmonic wave高次谐波higher harmonic频谱frequency spectrum谱线spectrum line线状频谱line spectrum奇次odd偶次even奇对称odd symmetry偶对称even symmetry半波对称half-wave symmetry帕斯瓦尔定理Parseval’s theoremChapter 14 Fourier Transformation andLaplace Transformation付里叶变换 Fourier transformation拉普拉斯变换Laplace transformation原函数original function象函数transform function积分变换integral transformation频域frequency domain幅度谱amplitude spectrum相位谱phase spectrum矩形脉冲rectangular pulse线性性质linearity时域微分time differentiation时域积分time integration时域平移time shift频域平移frequency shift拉普拉斯反变换inverse Laplace transformation 拉普拉斯变换对 Laplace pairsChapter 15 Two-port Networks端口port二端口网络 two-port network四端网络four-terminal network / quadripole Z参数impedance parametersY参数admittance parametersH参数Hybrid parametersT参数Transmission parameters策动点driving point(二端口)级联cascade connection传播常数transmission constantChapter 16 Basis of Network Graph Theory 图graph拓扑图topological graph子图subgraph连通图connected graph有向图oriented graph树tree树支tree branch连支link割集cut set降阶关联矩阵reduced incidence matrix增广矩阵augmented matrix秩rank基本回路矩阵fundamental loop matrix基本割集矩阵fundamental cut set matrix单位阵unit matrix转置阵transposed matrix正定矩阵positive definite matrix非奇异矩阵 nonsingular matrix逆矩阵inverse matrix方阵square matrix零矩阵zero matrix行列式determinantChapter 17 State Variables Approach状态变量state variable状态方程state equation状态空间state space列向量column vector特征值characteristic value特征向量characteristic vector特征方程characteristic equation 相似矩阵similar matrixChapter 18 Nonlinear Dynamic Circuits非线性时变电路nonlinear time-varying circuit自治电路非自治电路前向欧拉法forward Eular’s method后向欧拉法backward Eular’s method相平面状态平面state planar相轨线中心点焦点节点鞍点平衡点稳定性stability渐近稳定asymptotic stabilityChapter 19 Distributed Circuits分布参数电路distributed circuit传输线transmission line均匀传输线uniform transmission line 反射 reflection透射 transmission波长 wavelength波速 wavespeed行波traveling wave驻波standing wave正向行波direct wave反向行波returning wave波阻抗wave impedance波前wave front传播常数propagation constantAppendix Magnetic Circuit磁路magnetic circuit铁磁物质ferromagnetic substance磁导率magnetic permeability磁感应强度 magnetic induction磁通magnetic flux磁链magnetic linkage磁通势magnetomotive force磁通密度magnetic flux density磁通连续性定理principle of continuity of magnetic flux 磁场强度magnetic flux intensity磁阻reluctance磁导permeance安培环路定理principle of Ampere loop circuit磁化曲线magnetization curve磁滞回线hysteresis loop磁滞hysteresis涡流eddy current涡流损失eddy current loss集肤效应skin effect漏磁通leakage flux磁饱和magnetic saturation电磁感应定律law of electromagnetic induction励磁电流exciting current。
