2012年高考英语单选题解题技巧
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2012年高考英语单选题解题技巧1. 找准关键词语有时题干中带有对解题起着关键作用的词语,如果能迅速找准这些词语,再结合各选项的意义和特点,就能很快选出正确答案。
例如:The Foreign Minister said, "_______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace." A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is解析:在名词性从句中,that既无词义,也不作句子成分,连接一个句子成分完整的陈述句。
根据句意和句子结构,特别是that的暗示,可判断题干为一个含有主语从句的复合句,句首的it为形式主语,真正的主语为其后的that从句,故最佳答案为D。
2. 分析句子结构有些试题的考点本来十分简单,但命题者却通过使用定语从句,或者将我们熟悉的固定词组有意拆分,重新组合,使我们在结构上产生错觉,出现迷惑。
这时,我们只要保持清醒的头脑,仔细分析句子的结构,就会拨开迷雾。
例如:We keep in touch _____ writing often. A. with B. of C. on D. by解析:许多同学根据 keep in touch with (与......保持联系)这一搭配推断出此题应选A。
但是选A错了,因为套此搭配此句意思不通,正确答案应是D,by 表示方式,by writing 意为"通过写信",全句意为"我们通过经常写信保持联系"。
请再看两例:(1) We've talked a lot ___ cars. What about trains? A.of B. with C. about D. in解析:由于受 a lot of 这一常用结构的影响,许多同学毫不犹豫地选了A,但是错了。
原因是:若选 of,a lot of cars 即为动词 talk 的宾语,但事实上,动词 talk 是不及物动词。
正确答案是C,句中的a lot是修饰动词 talked 的状语,talk about才是一个动词短语。
全句意为"我们对汽车已谈了不少,现在谈谈火车怎么样?"(2) We all regarded the poor old man ____sympathy.A. as B. with C. of D. by解析:许多同学一看到句中的 regard 和选项中的 as,马上就联想到 regard ... as ...(把......看作......)这一搭配,从而断定此题应选A。
错了,原因是将此搭配套入原句,句子意思不通。
正确答案是B,句意为"我们大家都很同情这位老人"。
3. 适当转换句式有时将题干的句式转换成自己更熟悉的句式,就很容易选出正确答案。
比如将疑问句、强调句、感叹句或倒装句改为陈述句,将被动句改为主动句,无序句调整为正常句。
例如:-Mr. Wang, whom would you rather _____ the important meeting?-Tom. A. have attend B. have attendedC. having attend D. have to attend 解析:若将疑问句改为陈述句,就是I would rather have Tom attend the important meeting. 其中would rather后必须接动词原形,have sb. do sth.是"要某人做某事"。
所以选A。
They discussed the plan I would like to see______(carry out)next year.4. 补全省略成分口语中常常会使用一些省略句,做题时若将被省略的成分补充完整,答案就会一目了然。
例如:-What do you think made Mary so upset? - _____ her new bike.A. As she lostB. LostC. LosingD. Because of losing解析:将答句补全,就是 _____ her new bike made Mary so upset,显然,只能选C,用动名词短语作主语。
----What made Tom so upset? ------_______(lose) his wallet while shopping.----What about playing basketball this afternon? -----______(sound) great.----What did you enjoy when at university? ----_______(read) novels.----Where did you meet the foreigner?----It was in the hotel________he lived.5. 删除干扰部分就是将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语,如I think / suppose / believe, do you think / suppose / believe, you know, of course等删除,从而更容易地选出正确答案。
例如:It is the ability to do the job ___matters not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it解析:去掉题干中的not where you come from or what you are,题干即为是一个简单句:The ability to do the job matters. 把主语The ability 放在强调结构中,即变为题干,显然最佳答案为B。
Tom plays football_______,if not better than,Bob. A.as well as B.so/as well 6. 利用对称结构就是在做题过程中要善于利用and,but等并列连词。
若前面是个句子,后面也必定是个句子,反之亦然;若连接的是几个动词,这几个动词也必定是同一时态或同一形式。
例如:-English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?-Yes. _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known解析:因为第二个and后面是一个句子,所以前面也必定是一个句子,但前面这个句子没有主语,只能选用动词原形,构成一个祈使句,因此,正确答案是A。
又如:On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, _______ some bananas and visited her cousin. A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy解析:因为and后面是过去式visited,前面也必定是动词的过去式,所以答案是A。
7. 注意标点符号标点有时对我们做题有提示作用,不同的标点可能导致选不同的答案,同学们做题时,一定要小心。
例如:There are eight tips in Dr. Roger's lecture on sleep, and one of them is:_____to bed early unless you think it is necessary.A. doesn't goB. not to goC. not goingD. don't go解析:此题很容易选B,认为是用不定式作表语。
其实,冒号已经表明后面是Dr. Roger讲的原话,这原话应当是个句子,只有选D才构成一个否定形式的祈使句。
8. 熟记固定搭配在平时的学习中注意积累一些常见的固定句式、动词与副词的搭配、名词与形容词的搭配等等,对做题十分有利。
例如:Mr. Smith used to smoke _______ but he has given it up.A. seriouslyB. heavilyC. badlyD. hardly解析:因为指烟瘾或酒瘾很重,要用heavy或heavily,所以要选B。
此外,雨雪下得"大"、烟雾"浓"、交通"拥挤"、波涛"汹涌"等,也用heavy。
10. 检查有无谓语有时看似有两个句子,于是就选连词,正好掉进命题人设计的陷阱。
事实上,有时貌似句子的"句子"却没有谓语,其中的动词只是一个非谓语动词(多为分词)。
例如:He wrote five novels,two of___translated into English.A. it B. them C. which D. that 解析:此题很容易误选答案C,以为后面是非限制性定语从句。
事实上,translated 是过去分词,而不是谓语动词,后面不是句子,无需连词,所以正确答案是B。
若在translated 前加上were,were translated就是谓语,这时就选连词which了。
11. 查看有无连词若经查实,前后的确是两个句子,就要看其中的一个分句是否已经用了连词。
若已经有连词,一般不再用连词;若还没有用连词,就一定要选连词。
例如:If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, _____ means many more people in the world can enjoy it. A. as B. which C. what D. that 解析:因为前句已经有连词if,所以选答案D,that指前句所述内容。
若没有if,就选B,which引导一个非限制性定语从句。
12. 识别相似句型有的句型十分相似,若不仔细分辨,明察秋毫,很容易出错。
例如:_____ is known to everybody, light travels much faster than sound.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What解析:此题选B,as引导一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是后面整个句子。