驼峰平面纵断面设计

驼峰概述
1．驼峰的组成
驼峰主要由推送部分、溜放部分及峰顶平台三部分组成，其平纵面图见图LB1-1。

图LB1-1 驼峰平纵面示意图
1.1推送部分：是由牵出线或到达场出口咽喉最外方道岔警冲标至峰顶平台间一段线路。

靠近峰顶设有10-15‰的坡度，其长度不少于50米。

设置这一部分的目的是为了使车辆得到必要的驼峰高度，并使车钩压紧，便于提钩。

推送部分包括推送坡和压钩坡两个坡段。

1.2溜放部分：是由峰顶到调车场计算点之间的区段部分。

包括加速坡、中间坡和道岔区坡三个坡段。

在这段范围内设有调速设备，以便调整钩车溜放速度，并且设有分路道岔。

从峰顶到计算点间的高度差即为驼峰高度，简称峰高。

1.3峰顶平台：推送部分与溜放部分的连接处，设有一段平坦地段，叫做峰顶平台。

它位于驼峰的最高处，并通过两条竖曲线将两个不同方向的反坡（压钩坡和加速坡）联系起来。

这样既可以保证驼峰的必要高度，又可以防止车辆经过峰顶时折断车钩。

峰顶平台的长度取决于车辆的构造情况和压钩坡的陡度，一般10m左右。

2．驼峰调车基本原理
驼峰是利用车辆的重力和驼峰的位能(高度)，辅以机车推力来解散车列的一种调车设备。

利用驼峰来解散车列时，调车机车将车列推上峰顶，摘开车钩后，车组凭借所获得的位能和车辆本身的重力向下溜放，如图LB1-2所示。

Words and ExpressionsFor Station and Yard Design1.线路设计track design2.平面设计plane design3.纵断面设计longitudinal section design4.横断面设计transverse section design5.曲线设计curve design6.车站设计station design7.站场设计design of stations and yards8.线路等级line grade9.铁路限界railway clearance10.建筑限界construction clearance11.铁路曲线railway curve12.缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve; spiral transition curve13.小半径曲线small-radius curve14.曲线半径curve radius15.曲线超高superelevation on curve; cant; elevation of curve16.欠超高inadequate superelevation; deficient superelevation17.竖曲线vertical curve18.坡道gradient19.坡度grade; gradient; slope20.限制坡度ruling grade; limiting grade21.坡度折减grade compensation; compensation of gradient; gradient compensation22.避难线refuge siding; catch siding23.双线插入段double track interpolation24.警冲标fouling point indicator; fouling post25.线路中心线track center line; central lines of track26.线间距distance between centres of lines; distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks27.道岔switch; point; turnout; switches and crossings28.单开道岔single point; simple turnout; lateral turnout29.双开道岔double turnout30.三开道岔three-throw turnout; symmetrical three throw turnout; three-way turnout31.交分道岔slip switch32.交叉crossing33.渡线track cross-over; crossover34.通过道岔passing switch35.铁路道口railway crossing36.平交道口level crossing37.立体交叉; 立交grade separation38.机车车辆检修rolling stock inspection and repair39.机务部门locomotive department40.机务段locomotive depot41.机务段设备locomotive depot appliance42.车辆段car depot43.车辆段设备car depot appliance44.检修段inspection and repair depot45.车库shed; car shed46.机车库locomotive shed47.列检所train inspection and repair point48.修理厂repair shop49.铁路站场railway station and yard50.车站等级classification of station; class of station51.车站改编能力sorting capacity at station52.站场配置图layout plan of station and yard53.车站咽喉station bottleneck; station throat54.进路疏解route untwine55.车站改建reconstruction of station56.驼峰设计hump design57.溜放阻力free rolling resistance58.驼峰作业能力humping capacity59.车站station60.枢纽站terminals61.区段站district station62.中间站intermediate station63.会让站crossing station; passing station64.港湾站port station; harbor station65.换装站国境站; 换装站frontier station66.客运站passenger station67.换乘站transfer station68.线路所; 乘降所passenger stopping point; halt69.货运站freight station70.工业站industria l station71.集装箱站container station72.换装站transshipment station73.编组站marshalling station; marshalling yard74.驼峰编组站hump marshalling station75.站舍station building76.高架站舍; 高架车站elevated station building77.站台platform78.车场car yard79.到达场receiving yard; arriving yard80.到发场reception-departure yard; receiving-departureyard81.出发场departure yard82.车站配线; 站线station track; station line83.到发线reception-departure track; arrival and departuretrack84.到达线arrival track; receiving track; arriving track85.出发线departure track86.编组线sorting track87.牵出线shunting neck; switching lead; lead track88.机车走行线locomotive running line; locomotive runningtrack89.装卸线loading and unloading track90.换装线transshipment track91.尽头线stub-end track; stub-end siding92.码头线dock line93.安全线safety siding; catch siding94.客运站设备equipment of passenger station95.旅客站台passenger platform96.广场square97.候车室waiting hall; waiting room98.问询处inquiry office99.行包房luggage and parcel office100.天桥passenger foot bridge; over-bridge; passenger foot-bridge101.地道underground gallery; underground path102.雨棚rain shed103.客车整备场passenger car servicing depot104.货运站设备goods station equipment105.货物站台good platform; freight platform; goods platform 106.货场freight yard; goods yard107.集装箱货场container yard1108.仓库storage; warehouse109.自动化仓库automatic warehouse110.货位goods allocation; fre ight section; goods section 111.货棚freight shed; goods shed112.编组场调车场; 编组场shunting yard; marshalling yard; classification yard113.溜放线free rolling line114.驼峰hump115.机械化驼峰mechanized hump116.半自动化驼峰semi-automatic humpWords and ExpressionsFor Railway Operation1.编组站管理系统marshalling station management system2.货运管理系统freight traffic management system3.集装箱管理系统container management system4.客运管理系统passenger traffic management system5.客票预售系统ticket reservation system6.电子数据交换electronic data interchange7.保温运输insulated transport8.备用货车reserved cars9.本站作业车local car10.变更径路route diversion11.不成对运行图train diagram not in pairs12.不同时到达间隔时间time interval between two opposing trains arriving13.场库storage yard and warehouse14.敞顶集装箱open top container15.超长货物exceptional length freight16.超限货物o ut-of-gauge freight17.超限货物等级classification of out-of-gauge freight18.超限货物检查架examining rack for out-of-gauge freight19.车钩缓冲停止器device for stopping buffer action20.车辆换算长度converted car length21.车流径路car flow route22.车票有效期ticket availability23.车站班计划station shift operating plan24.车站办理车数number of inbound and outbound car handled at stat25.车站工作组织organization of station operation26.车站技术作业表station technical working diagram27.车站阶段计划station stage operating plan28.车站行车工作细则instructions for train operation at station29.车站咽喉通过能力carrying capacity of station throat30.车站作业计划station operating plan31.成对运行图train diagram in pairs32.成件包装货物packed freight33.成组装车car loading by groups34.冲突collision35.存车线storage siding36.大事故serious accident37.大修计划plan of capital repair38.大宗货物mass freight39.代用票substituting ticket40.单面托盘single-deck pallet41.单线运行图train diagram for single track42.单向横列式编组站uni directional transversal type marshalling station43.单向混合式编组站uni directional combined typemarshalling station44.单向纵列式编组站unidirectional longitudinal typemarshalling station45.挡车器stop buffer46.到达路destination railway47.到发线通过能力carrying capacity of receiving-departuretrack48.道岔绝缘段insulated switch section49.道岔配列switch layout50.道岔清扫房switch cleaners cabin51.道岔区坡gradient within the switching area52.道岔阻力switch resistance53.敌对进路conflicting routes54.地方性编组站local marshalling station55.点连式调速系统point-continued type speed controlsystem56.点式调速系统point type speed control system57.调车进路shunting route58.调车设备marshalling facilities59.调车线shunting track60.调车作业计划shunting operation plan61.调度命令traffic dispatching order62.调度区段train dispatching section63.调度日班计划daily and shift traffic plans64.定期票periodical ticket65.丢失事故loss accident66.冻结货物frozen freight67.段管线depot siding68.堆货场storage yard69.堆码能力stacking capability70.堆码作业stacking operation71.堆装货物stack-loading freight72.鹅颈槽goose neck tunnel73.发车进路departure route74.发送路originating railway75.反向行车train running in reverse direction76.非机械化驼峰non-mechanized hump77.非平行运行图non-parallel train diagram78.非营业站non-operating station79.非运用车non-serviceable car80.分号运行图variant train diagram81.分界点train spacing point82.分类折旧率classified depreciation rate83.封闭式通风集装箱closed ventilated container84.封锁区间closing the section85.峰顶hump crest86.峰顶调车员室shunters cabin at hump crest87.峰顶平台platform of hump crest88.峰高计算点calculate point of hump height89.辅助编组站auxiliary marshalling station90.辅助车场auxiliary yard91.辅助所auxiliary block post92.腐坏事故decay acci dent93.干散货集装箱dry bulk container94.高架候车厅overhead waiting hall95.告警信号warning signal96.更新改造计划plan of renewal and upgrading97.公用乘车证service pass98.钩车cars per cut299.固定资产残值scrap value of fixed assets100.固定资产大修capital repair of fixed assets101.固定资产更新改造renewal and reconstruction of fixed assets102.固定资产更新率rate of fixed assets renewal103.固定资产投资fixed asset investment104.固定资产退废率rate of fixed assets retirement105.固定资产原价original value of fixed assets106.关闭信号closing signal107.管内工作车local cars to be unloaded108.管内客流local passenger flow109.管内旅客列车local passenger train110.管内装卸率local loading and unloading rate111.灌装货物tank car freight112.广厅public hall113.轨道衡线weight bridge track114.国际货物联运international through freight traffic 115.国际联运货物换装transshipment of international through goods116.国际联运货物交接单acceptance and delivery list of freight for intern117.国际联运货物票据international through freight shipping documents118.国际联运旅客车票passenger ticket for international through traffic119.国际联运旅客特别快车international express train 120.国际联运站international through traffic station121.国际铁路货物联运协定agreement of international railway through freight122.国际铁路协定agreement of frontier railway123.过境路transit railway124.横列式区段站transversal type district station125.环线loop126.环形枢纽loop-type junction terminal127.换算吨公里成本cost of converted ton-kilometer128.换算周转量converted turnover129.恢复通车restoring traffic130.会车间隔时间time interval for two meeting trains at station131.混合式货场mixed-type freight yard132.混合形枢纽combined type junction terminal133.货差率mistake rate of goods134.货车标记载重量marked loading capacity of car135.货车动载重dynamic load of car136.货车检修率ratio of freight cars under repair137.货车静载重static load of car138.货车溜放风阻力rolling car resistance due to wind effects 139.货车溜放基本阻力basic rolling car resistance140.货车日产量serviceable work-done per car day141.货车日车公里car kilometers per car per day142.货车施封car seal143.货车载重量利用率coefficient of utilization for car loading capacity144.货车中转距离average car kilometers per transit operation145.货车周转距离average car kilometers in one turnaround 146.货车装载清单car loading list147.货垛stack of freight148.货流量freight flow volume149.货损率damage rate of goods150.货物标记freight label151.货物承运acceptance of freight152.货物换装整理transshipment and rearrangement of goods 153.货物计费重量charged weight154.货物交接所freight transfer point155.货物列车编组计划freight train formation plan156.货物品类goods category157.货物途中作业freight operation en route158.货物运到期限freight transit period159.货物运价号freight tariff no.160.货物运价里程tariff kilometerage161.货物运价率freight rate162.货物运输变更traffic diversion163.货物运输计划freight traffic plan164.货物运输量freight traffic volume165.货物运输系数coefficient of freight traffic166.货物运送吨数tonnage of freight transported167.货物重心的横向位移lateral shift for center of gravity of goods168.货物重心的纵向位移longitudinal shift for center of gravity of goods169.货运波动系数fluctuating coefficient of freight traffic 170.货运经济调查economic investigation of freight traffic 171.货运杂费miscellaneous fees of goods traffic172.机车车辆溜逸runaway of locomotive or car173.机车车辆破损rolling stock damage174.机车车辆运用计划rolling stock utilization plan175.机车检修率ratio of locomotives under repair176.机车能耗locomotive energy consumption177.机待线locomotive waiting track178.基本建设计划plan of capital construction179.基本建设投资capital construction investment180.基本票价basic fare181.基本运行图primary train diagram182.基本折旧率basic depreciation rate183.集结时间car detention time under accumulation184.集重货物concentrated weight goods185.集装箱额定质量rating of freight container186.集装箱载重payload of freight container187.集装箱自重tare mass of freight container188.计费吨公里ton-kilometers charged189.计费吨公里成本cost of charged ton-kilometer190.计划内运输planned freight traffic191.计划外运输out-of-plan freight traffic192.技术站technical station193.技术直达列车technical through train194.加冰所re-icing point195.加快票fast extra ticket196.加热集装箱heated container197.加速坡accelerating grade198.加温运输heating transport199.间隔制动spacing braking200.减价票reduced-fare ticket201.减速器retarder202.减速器出口速度release speed at retarder203.减速器入口速度entrance speed at retarder204.简易驼峰simplified hump205.箭翎线herringbone track3206.交叉疏解crossing untwining207.交出空车数number of empty cars delivered208.交出重车数number of loaded cars delivered209.接车进路receiving route210.接发列车train reception and departure211.接入空车数number of empty cars received212.接运重车数number of loaded cars received213.尽端式枢纽stub-end type junction terminal214.尽头式货场stub-end type freight yard215.尽头式货运站stub-end freight station216.尽头式客运站stub-end passenger station217.进路交叉crossing of routes218.经济效果economic effects219.救援机车breakdown locomotive220.救援起重机wrecking crane221.绝热集装箱insulated container222.开放信号clearing signal223.可控减速顶controllable retarder224.客车客座利用率percentage of passenger seats utilization per car225.客车平均日车公里average car-kilometers per car-day 226.客车洗车线washing siding for passenger vehicle227.客车整备所passenger car servicing depot228.客货运站mixed passenger and freight station229.客流调查passenger flow investigation230.客流量passenger flow volume231.客流图passenger flow diagram232.客票passenger ticket233.空车直达列车through train with empty cars234.空车走行率percentage of empty to loaded car kilometers 235.空间间隔法space-interval method236.空陆水联运集装箱air/surface container237.控温运输transport under controlled temperature 238.跨装straddle239.阔大货物exceptional dimension freight240.劳动定额labor norm241.冷藏运输refrigerated transport242.冷却货物cooled freight243.立柱式托盘post pallet244.连挂速度coupling speed245.连续式调速系统continued type speed control system 246.联轨站junction station247.联络线connecting line248.链斗卸车机unloading machine with chain buckets249.链斗装车机loading machine with chain buckets250.列车保留train stock reserved251.列车编组顺序表train consist list252.列车长train conductor253.列车车次train number254.列车车底需要数number of passenger train set required 255.列车等线train waiting for a receiving track256.列车加开running of extra train257.列车进路train route258.列车客座利用率percentage of passenger seats utilization per train259.列车扣除系数coefficient of train removal260.列车平均载客人数average number of passengers carried per train261.列车平均总重average train gross weight262.列车去向train destination263.列车确报train list information after departure264.列车事故train accident265.列车停运withdrawal of train266.列车预报train list information in advance267.列车员train attendant268.列车运缓train running delay269.列车运行调整train operation adjustment270.列车运行时刻表timetable271.列车运行线train path272.列车运行正点率percentage of punctuality of trains running to tot273.列车重量标准railway train load norm274.临时旅客列车extra passenger train275.零担仓库scattered freight storehouse276.零担货物less-than-carload freight277.零担货物中转站less-than-carload freight transshipment station278.溜车不利条件unfavorable condition for car rolling279.溜车有利条件favorable condition for car rolling280.流动资金周转turnover of current capital281.路网性编组站network marshalling station282.路用列车railway service train283.旅客乘车系数coefficient of passengers traveling by trains284.旅客乘降所passenger stop point285.旅客换乘passenger transference286.旅客快车fast passenger train287.旅客列车包车制responsi bility crew system of passenger train288.旅客列车包乘制assigning crew system of passenger train 289.旅客列车编组passenger train formation290.旅客列车车底周转时间turnaround time of passenger train set291.旅客列车乘务制度crew working system of passenger train 292.旅客列车乘务组passenger train crew293.旅客列车轮乘制crew pooling system of passenger train 294.旅客列车直达速度through speed of passenger train295.旅客人公里成本cost per passenger kilometer296.旅客伤亡passenger casualty297.旅客特别快车express train298.旅客运输计划passenger traffic plan299.旅客运输量volume of passenger traffic300.旅客运送人数number of passengers transported301.旅客站舍passenger building302.旅客直达特别快车through express train303.旅客最高聚集人数maximum number of passengers in peak hours304.难行车hard rolling car305.难行线hard running track306.能力储备系数coefficient of reserved capacity307.平面调车场flat marshalling yard308.平台集装箱platform container309.平托盘flat pallet310.平行进路parallel route311.平行运行图parallel train diagram312.坡度牵出线draw-out track at grade313.普通运价general rate314.企业自备车private car4315.牵出线改编能力resorting capacity of lead track316.牵引车及挂车tractor and trailer317.轻浮货物light and bulk freight318.清算收入clearing revenue319.区段小运转列车district transfer train320.区域性编组站regional marshalling station321.日要车计划daily car requisition plan322.容许运输期限permissive period of transport323.三角形枢纽triangle-type junction terminal324.散装货物bulk freight325.伤亡率casualty rate326.上行方向up direction327.设备故障breakdown of equipment328.湿损事故wet damage accident329.十字形枢纽cross-type junction terminal330.时间间隔法time-interval method331.始发直达列车through train originated from one loading point332.市郊客流suburban passenger flow333.市郊旅客列车suburban passenger train334.事故处理settlement of accident335.事故记录accident record336.事故救援accident rescue337.事故率accident rate338.事故赔偿accident indemnity339.事故信息管理accident information management340.事故隐患accident threat341.事故预测accident forecast342.事故预防prevention of acci dent343.售票处booking office344.枢纽小运转列车junction terminal transfer train345.枢纽直径线diametrical line of junction terminal346.输送能力traffic capacity347.双层托盘double-deck pallet348.双推单溜single rolling on double pushing track349.双推双溜double rolling on double pushing track350.双线运行图train diagram for doubletrack351.双向横列式编组站bidirectional transversal type marshalling station352.双向混合式编组站bi directional combined type marshalling station353.双向纵列式编组站bidirectional longitudinal type marshalling statio354.顺列式枢纽longitudinal arrangement type junction terminal355.特快加快票express extra ticket356.铁路保价运输value insured rail traffic357.铁路保险运输insured rail traffic358.铁路财务railway finance359.铁路的连带责任joint responsibility of railway360.铁路固定资产railway fixed assets361.铁路货物运输规程regulations for railway freight traffic 362.铁路货运组织railway freight traffic organization 363.铁路建设基金railway construction fund364.铁路军事运输railway military service365.铁路客运组织railway passenger traffic organization 366.铁路旅客运输规程regulations for railway passsenger traffic367.铁路年度计划annual railway plan368.铁路行车组织organization of train operation369.铁路行车组织规则rules for organization of train operation 370.铁路运输安全safety of railway traffic371.铁路运输调度railway traffic control372.铁路运输利润railway traffic profit373.铁路运输全员劳动生产labor productivity of railway transport374.铁路运输质量管理quality control of railway transportation375.铁路运输周转基金railway traffic turnover fund376.铁路运营railway operation377.铁路职工数number of railway staff and workers378.铁路重载运输railway heavy haul traffic379.停车器stopping device380.通风运输ventilated transport381.通过进路through route382.通过能力限制区间restriction section of carrying capacity 383.通过式货场through-type freight yard384.通过式客运站through-type passenger station385.通用集装箱general purpose container386.推送调车push-pull shunting387.推送速度pushing speed388.脱钩点separation point389.脱鞋器skate throw-off device390.驼峰调车场hump yard391.驼峰调车场头部hump yard classification throat392.驼峰调车场尾部tail throat of a hump yard393.驼峰高度hump height394.驼峰解体能力break-up capacity of hump395.驼峰连结员室coupers cabin at hump crest396.驼峰溜车方向rolling direction of hump397.驼峰溜放部分rolling section of hump398.驼峰溜放线hump lead399.驼峰推送部分pushing section of hump400.驼峰推送线pushing track of hump401.驼峰迂回线roundabout line of hump402.驼峰纵断面hump profile403.危险货物包装标志labels for packages of dangerous goods 404.问讯处information office405.卧铺票berth ticket406.无调中转车transit car without resorting407.无调中转车停留时间detention time of car in transit without resorting408.无效运输ineffective traffic409.无形损耗intangible wear410.下行方向down direction411.鲜活货物fresh and live freight412.险性事故bad acci dent413.现在车cars on hand414.线路全长total track length415.线路所block post416.线路有效长effective track length417.线束track group418.箱底承载能力floor loading capability419.箱门封条door seal gasket420.箱式托盘box pallet421.响墩信号torpedo422.项目评估project appraisal423.卸车数number o f car unloading5424.行包事故luggage and parcel traffic accident425.行包邮政地道tunnel for luggage and postbag426.行车闭塞法train block system427.行车凭证running token428.行车中断traffic interruption429.行李包裹承运acceptance of luggage and parcels430.行李包裹交付delivery of luggage and parcels431.行李包裹托运consigning of luggage and parcels432.行李房luggage office433.行李票luggage ticket434.学生票student ticket435.旬间装车计划ten day car loading plan436.压钩坡coupler compression grade437.咽喉道岔throat point438.咽喉区长度throat length439.要车计划表car planned requisition list440.一般事故ordinary accident441.一次货物作业平均停留average detention time of local car for loading or442.一批货物consignment443.移交车loaded cars to be delivered at junction stations 444.易冻货物freezable freight445.易腐货物perishable freight446.易燃货物inflammable freight447.易行车easy rolling car448.易行线easy running track449.营业外支出non-operating outlay450.营业站operating station451.游车idle car452.有调中转车transit car with resorting453.有调中转车停留时间detention time of car in transit with resorting454.有形损耗tangible wear455.迂回线round about line456.迂回运输roundabout traffic457.月度货物运输计划monthly freight traffic plan458.越行站overtaking station459.越站乘车overtaking the station460.运输安全管理safety management of traffic461.运输安全监察safety supervision of traffic462.运输安全检查safety inspection of traffic463.运输安全控制系统safety control system of traffic 464.运输安全评估safety evaluation of traffic465.运输安全系统工程safety system engineering of traffic 466.运输包装transport package467.运输成本计划traffic cost plan468.运输工作技术计划plan of technical indices for freight traffic469.运输工作日常计划day-to-day traffic working plan 470.运输收入traffic revenue471.运输收入率rate of traffic revenue472.运输条件traffic condition473.运输限制traffic limitation474.运输支出traffic expenditure475.运行图‘天窗’ ‘sky-light’ in the train diagram476.运行图周期period in the train diagram477.运营吨公里ton-kilometers operated478.运用车serviceable car479.运用车保有量number of serviceable cars held kept480.运用车工作量number of serviceable cars turnaround481.运转车长train guard482.运转室operation office for train receiving-departure483.摘挂调车detaching and attaching of cars484.摘挂列车pick-up and drop train485.站场排水yard drainage486.站调楼yard controllers tower487.站界station limit488.站坪station site489.站前广场station square490.站台票platform ticket491.整备线servicing siding492.整车分卸car load freight unloaded at two or more stations493.整车货物car load freight494.直达运输through traffic495.直通场through yard496.直通客流through passenger flow497.直通旅客列车through passenger train498.直通式货运站through-type freight station499.止轮器wheel skid500.制动能高velocity hump crest of retarder501.制动铁鞋brake shoe502.中间坡intermediate grade503.中行车mi ddle rolling car504.中转车平均停留时间average detention time of car in transit505.重车重心center of gravity for car loaded506.重车重心高center height of gravity for car loaded507.重大事故grave accident508.重质货物heavy freight509.主要编组站main marshalling station510.专业性货运站specialized freight station511.装车调整adjustment of car loading512.装车数number of car loadings513.装卸搬运handling514.装卸定额handling quota515.装卸费率rate of handling charge516.装卸工作单handling sheet517.装卸换算吨converted tons of handling518.装卸机械利用率utilization ratio of machine handling519.装卸机械完好率percentage of machine handling in good condition520.装卸机械作业量handling volume by machine521.装卸自然吨actual tons of handling522.装卸作业机械化handling mechanization523.装卸作业量handling volume524.装卸作业自动化handling automation525.装卸作业组织organization of handling526.追踪列车间隔时间time interval between trains spaced by automatic b527.追踪运行图train diagram for automatic block signals528.准备进路preparation of the route529.自理装卸handling by shipper-self530.综合性货运站general freight station531.综合折旧率composite depreciation rate532.总重吨公里gross ton-kilometers533.纵列式区段站longitudinal type district station534.最易行车easiest rolling car6535.货运统计goods traffic statistics536.客运统计passenger traffic statistics537.铁道运营指标铁路运营指标railway operating index 538.货运量goods traffic volume539.货运密度goods traffic density; density of freight traffic 540.货物平均运输距离货物平均运程average haul of goods; average haul of freight traffic541.货物周转量volume of goods turnaround; turnover of freight traffic542.吨公里ton-kilometer543.客运密度passenger traffic density544.旅客平均运输距离旅客平均运程average journey per passenger545.旅客周转量turnover passenger traffic; turnover of passenger traffic546.人公里man-kilometer547.机车周转时间locomotive turnaround time548.列车质量列车重量;列车质量train weight549.货物列车平均重量average weight of goods train550.列车编成辆数average number of cars per train; number of cars in a train551.货车载质量货车载重量wagon load552.货车载重利用率coefficient of utilization of wagon load 553.中时货车中转时间;中时freight car transfer time 554.货车周转时间wagon turnaround time; car turnaround time 555.列车公里train-kilometer; train k ilometers556.列车正点率列车正点指标;列车正点率indices of punctuality of train557.铁盟国际铁路联盟;铁盟international union of railways 558.铁组铁路合作组织;铁组organization for collaboration of railways559.铁路局railway administration560.列车段train crew district561.车务段train operation depot562.调度所dispatching office; traffic controllers office; dispatchers office563.铁路通车里程railway traffic kilometrage564.客运组织organization of passenger traffic565.客运能力capacity of passenger traffic566.客运管理passenger traffic management567.客运指标passenger traffic index568.客运计划plan of passenger traffic569.客运作业passenger traffic service570.旅客服务passenger service571.行包运输traffic for luggage and parcel572.行李保管luggage storage573.售检票系统ticketing-checking system574.列车预告设备train information forecasting equipment 575.旅客问询设备passenger enquiry equipment576.旅客向导设备passenger guiding equipment577.重载货物运输heavy haul transport578.高速货物运输high-speed freight transport579.集装化运输containerized traffic580.集装箱运输container transport; freight container traffic 581.托盘运输pallet transport; pallet traffic582.零担货物运输less-than carload goods transportation 583.整车货物运输car-load traffic584.成件包装货物运输packaged goods transport585.直达货物运输through goods traffic586.门到门运输door-to-door traffic587.驮背运输piggyback transport588.大宗货物运输mass goods transport589.散装货物运输bulk goods transport590.矿石运输mineral transport591.煤炭运输coal transport592.粉状货物运输powder cargo traffic593.石油运输petroleum transport594.油囊运输rubber pouch transport595.罐装货物运输tank freight transport596.液体货物运输liquid freight transport597.长大货物运输long heavy cargo transport598.超限货物运输transport of out-of-gauge good599.笨重货物运输heavy goods transport600.集重货物运输concentrated weight freight traffic601.轻浮货物运输light and bulky goods transport602.专用线运输special line transport603.特种货物运输special goods traffic604.危险货物运输dangerous goods transport605.放射性货物运输transport of radioactive goods606.易燃货物运输inflammable goods traffic607.鲜活货物运输fresh and live goods traffic608.冷藏货物运输refrigerated goods transport609.垃圾运输wastes transportation610.路用运输railway work transport611.保价运输insured price traffic612.货运管理freight traffic management613.货运指标freight index614.货运计划plan of goods transport615.货运作业goods traffic service616.货运计价freight rate calculation617.货运单据goods consignment note618.货物托运goods consignation; consigning of freight619.货物发送originating goods620.货物中转作业transshipment operation of goods621.货物保管custody of goods622.货物交付delivery of goods; delivery of freight623.货运预报goods traffic advance information624.货场管理yard management625.搬运carrying626.包装packaging627.装卸作业loading and unloading operation628.装卸能力handling capacity629.装车loading630.卸车unloading631.保鲜技术technique of fresh preservation of goods632.冷藏refrigerate633.制冷技术technique of refrigeration634.制冷剂refrigerant635.装卸技术loading technique636.装卸机械化loading and unloading mechanization637.装载loading638.装载限界loading clearance; loading clearance limit; loading gauge639.满载full load640.超载enhanced loading641.偏载unbalanced loading642.重车稳定性stability of loaded wagon643.电瓶车battery truck; storage battery car7。

自动化与电气工程学院驼峰信号自动控制课程设计报告专业班级姓名学号指导教师日期：2011年12月30日目录1驼峰调车场头部信号平面布置图 (1)1.1调车场头部平面设计要求 (1)1.2调车场头部平面设计的具体规定 (1)1.2.1道岔类型 (1)1.2.2道岔绝缘区段 (2)1.2.3线束的布置 (2)1.2.4减速器制动位的位置 (2)1.2.5推送线和溜放线 (2)1.2.6迂回线和禁溜线 (3)1.3驼峰调车场信号机及相关表示器 (3)1.4道岔转换设备 (3)1.5轨道电路 (3)1.6自动化驼峰监测设备 (4)1.7信号楼及室内设备 (4)1.8其它设备 (4)2驼峰信号机继电联锁电路 (5)2.1定速、加速、减速三种溜放信号 (5)2.2向禁溜线或迂回线信号 (5)2.3后退信号 (5)3车辆减速器控制电路 (7)3.1车辆减速器控制方式 (7)3.2制动和缓解电路 (7)3.3表示电路 (8)总结 (9)附图1信号设备平面布置图 (10)附图2驼峰信号机继电联锁电路 (10)附图3车辆减速器控制电路 (10)1驼峰调车场头部信号平面布置图驼峰调车场头部平面设计是计算峰高和设计纵断面的依据。

头部平面的设计质量对调车作业的效率、安全和工程投资都有直接影响。

驼峰调车场头部布置的主要信号设备有调车信号机、转辙机、轨道电路、调速工具、信号楼、动力室、按钮柱及限界检查器等。

有些站场还装备机车信号设备。

调车信号用于指挥各类调车作业，且通常分为驼峰信号机、线束调车信号机及其他调车信号机；驼峰调车场溜放进路上的对向道岔，要求使用快速动作的转辙机；对监督机车车辆运行的轨道电路，在溜放部分要有防止轻车跳动造成轨道电路错误动作等要求；机械化驼峰调车场设置两个部位的车辆减速器，在调车线使用机械铁鞋调速，车辆减速器动力室供给车辆减速器制动能量或控制动力；信号楼的作用是集中控制信号、溜放进路、和调速工具，设置有关的控制机械和维修工区等工作用房；限界检查器用来检查超下限车辆，达到保护车辆减速器的目的；按钮柱是为了使有关现场作业人员在发现影响或危及作业安全的问题时，能够及时关闭驼峰信号。

驼峰峰高设计参考答案（一）已知条件（二）溜放不利条件难行车基本阻力（1） r 冬难溜基计算难行车在车场部分的单位基本阻力①计算难行车的基本阻力中值t 2=2.401-0.01543+0.00017r t t 中=2.401-0.01543×(-10)＋0.00017×(-10)2 =2.5723(N/kN)=0.015-0.00008Q -0.32+0.002t r Q t ∆=0.015×30-0.00008×30×(-10)-0.32+0.002×(-10) =0.1340(N/kN)查表4-2-4，t=-10℃,得v 车=2.2m/s 。

r v =0.1×(v 车-2.82)=-0.062(N/kN)=-+t v r r r r ∆难中中=2.5723-0.1340-0.062=2.3763(N/kN)②计算难行车基本阻力标准差2=0.539-0. 001 6+0.00002t t σ中=0.0539-0.0016×(-10)＋0.00002×(-10)2 =0.557(N/kN)=0.003+0.00002Q -0.0004t-0.063Q t σ∆=0.003×30+0.00002×30×(-10) -0.0004×(-10)-0.063 =0.025(N/kN)=-=0.557-0.025=0.532(N/kN)σσσ∆难中③冬难场基计算难行车基本阻力r=+1.65r σ冬难场基难难中r=2.3763+1.65×0.532=3.2541(N/kN)（2）冬难溜基计算难行车在驼峰溜放部分单位基本阻力r其计算气温及难行车重量与前述车场部分取值相同，所以基本阻力中值计算结果也相同：=2.5723(N/kN)t中r=0.1340(N/kN)∆r查表4-2-3，t=-10℃,按36条调车线计算，得v 车=4.9+0.2=5.1m/s 。

点连式驼峰纵断面课程设计任务书一、课程设计目的：1）加深学生对所学课程的理解，并能运用所学知识进行驼峰纵断面设计。

2）让学生熟练运用计算机进行驼峰纵断面的绘图。

3）培养学生综合运用铁路驼峰的理论方法，分析、解决问题的能力。

二．主要内容：根据给定的气温、风速、驼峰平面展开图等资料，计算各种溜放车辆受到的阻力，计算驼峰的高度,对驼峰纵断面进行设计，并对设计的驼峰进行检算。

要求：1）设计前，认真分析原始资料，及时查阅相关书籍；2）能够综合运用站场设计的理论和方法；3）设计过程态度认真；4）独立分析、解决问题；5）组织方法合理，计算方法正确；6）按规定作图，图纸整洁清晰；7）按时完成设计任务，交付文件齐全。

三、设计资料1）驼峰调车场难行线平面展开图如下： 图7-1 难行线平面展开图2）难行线相邻线路的平面数据从最后分路道岔开始为：7.325 18.62 10.68 P 1 P 2 P 3 P 4 P 5 P 6 P 7 P 8P 9 P 10 P 11 P 12 P 13 P 14 P 15 P 16 P 17 P 18 P 19 P 20 P 21 P 22 P 23 P 2430 10.44 18.52 22.05 11.77 10.39 33.16 6.97 25.7 17.45 10.51 6.98 7.95 25.44 10.07 21.71204+4 6+6 6+6 5°20′6°20′ 9°40′ 2°00′ 25°28′05″ 88.9 15P 19P 20P 21P 22P 23P 2423.5762.421.76+61202816。

58'05"3）道岔为6号对称双开道岔，转辙机为ZK 型；4）溜放部分采用T.JK 型车辆减速器，车场采用T.JK 2A 型车辆减速器；5）溜车不利条件：气温t = -10℃，风速V 风=6m/s ，风向与溜车方向夹角β=0º；6）溜车有利条件：气温t = 27℃，无风；7）难行车平均溜放速度V 车=4.5m/s 。

驼峰纵断面设计与数据 (1)交通运输学院课程设计学院交通运输班级姓名学号成绩指导老师年月日兰州交通大学交通运输学院课程设计任务书所在系：交通运输课程名称：自动化驼峰设计指导教师（签名）：专业班级：学生姓名：学号：一、课程设计题目自动化驼峰纵断面设计二、课程设计的目的1.加深学生对所学课程的理解，并能运用所学知识进行驼峰纵断面设计。

2.让学生熟练运用计算机进行驼峰纵断面的绘图。

3.培养学生综合运用铁路驼峰的理论方法，分析、解决问题的能力。

三、课程设计的主要内容和要求（包括原始数据、技术参数、设计要求、工作量要求等）主要内容：根据给定的气温、风速、驼峰平面布置图等资料，计算各种溜放车辆受到的阻力，绘制驼峰平面展开图，计算驼峰的高度,对驼峰纵断面进行设计。

要求：1.设计前，认真分析原始资料，及时查阅相关书籍；2.能够综合运用站场设计的理论和方法；3.设计过程态度认真；4.独立分析、解决问题；5.组织方法合理，计算方法正确；6.按规定作图，图纸整洁清晰；7.按时完成设计任务，交付文件齐全。

四、工作进度安排按照教学大纲所规定的时间内进行设计。

中间进行答疑。

五、主要参考文献1、刘其斌. 马桂贞.铁路车站及枢纽.北方交通大学.中国铁道出版社.2、马桂贞.铁路站场及枢纽.西南交通大学出版社.3、刘彦邦. 曹宏宁.王能豪.现代化驼峰设计.中国铁道出版社.4、铁路驼峰及调车场设计规范.铁道部第三勘测设计院.中国铁道出版社.5、站场及枢纽.铁道部第四勘测设计院.中国铁道出版社.审核批准意见系主任（签字）年月日指导教师评语及成绩指导教师评语成绩导师签字：年月日(根据上述所给的资料需要确定如下几个设计所需要的数据,这些数据是设计的前提)溜车不利条件南方地区计算气温按下式计算：t=tt δ96.1-式中 t ——计算气温，℃；t ——根据10年各月份的月平均气温计算的10年年平均气温，℃；tδ——计算气温的均方差，℃。

计算风速按下式计算： fv =ff v δ96.1+式中 fv ——计算风速，m/s ；fv ——根据10年各月份的月平均风速计算的10年年平均风速，m/s ；f δ——计算风速的均方差，m/s 。