专升本1-5单元复习资料

专升本英语复习资料一1. have the ability to do能够做，有能力做…:eg. He has the ability to make very good boat.enable sb to do使…能做…:eg. Internet has enabled us to get information from all over the world.be capable of能够做…:eg. He is capable of drawing oil painting.be able to do能做……eg. He is able to read and write in English.2. absent 反义词: presentabsentminded 心不在焉的3. abroad国外, 海外: live ~ go ~eg. Many young people are eager to go abroad to study.4. access: 入口, 途径; 机会, 权利have/get access to stheg. Citizens in the town all have access to the books in the local（当地的）library.5. absorb 吸收be absorbed in全神贯注于…eg. All the students are absorbed in Professor’s lecture on China’s economy.6. accept接受receive收到（不一定接受）eg. She received a gift from him, but she didn’t accept it.7. by accident=by chance 偶然地on purpose 故意地8. according to 根据= in accordance witheg. According to the article, environmental pollution has been taken under control.9. t ake… into account=take… into consideration 把…考虑在内eg. I hope my teacher will take into account my illness when he grades our test paper. account 描述eg. She gave an account of what he saw in China.10. accuse sb of sth = charge sb with(for) sth 指责… 做了…；指控… 犯了…blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人eg. He was accused of robbing the bank and sentenced ten years in jail.eg. His mother charged him with being lazy.11. be accustomed to = be used to 习惯于, 后接sth或doing sthused to 过去有; 过去常常; 后接do stheg. Mr. Smith is not used/accustomed to driving on the right.eg. I’m already used to the life here.eg. There used to be a house near the river.eg. He used to get up early while he was in the middle school.12. achieve 获得, 达到eg. You will achieve nothing if you waste your time this way.13. adapt (oneself) to=adjust (oneself) to适应; adopt 收养; 采用eg. You should adapt to college life as soon as possible.eg. He adjusted himself very quickly to the weather in the country.14. add to 增添add up to 总计达15. in addition(to)=besides 此外eg. In order to master a foreign language, we should learn some grammar. In addition, we’d better learn some words.16. adequate=enough17. admit 承认eg. He admitted his mistakes at last.18. in advance 预先, 提前eg. You should inform（通知）me in advance if you are going to come.19. take advantage of = make use of 利用eg. We can take advantage of computer to analyze data.eg. A good habit in learning is to make full use of class time.20. affect (v.) sth; effect (n.); influence sth.(v & n);impact(v & n) 影响; effort 努力have an effect/influence/impact on对…有影响; make an effort to do或make efforts to do eg. The latest discovery in gene will have a great effect on the health of human beings.eg. They made great efforts to find a new cure to lung cancer.21. afford (to do) sth 买/花/用/支付得起eg. It’s hard to imagine how he can afford (to b uy) a house on his small salary.22. be afraid of 担心, 害怕23. at the age of24. agree with 同意agree on 同意（双方就…达成一致）agree to 同意（上级, 父母对下级, 晚辈允许…）eg. The two countries have agreed on the date for next talk.eg. My parents don’t agree to my staying outsid e overnight.25. ahead of time 提前eg. We finished our assignment ahead of time.26. by air=by plane; by sea= by ship; by bus/train; on foot26. after all 毕竟; above all 首先; (not…) at all 一点（也不）; all over 遍及28. a llow/permit … to do… 允许…做…29. although/t hough… but 连词, 不能同时用在句子中; as连词, 倒装句in spite of/despite介词不连接句子eg. Although he was seriously ill, he went on with the experiment.eg. Young as he is, he has already learned three foreign languages: English, French and Japanese.eg. Although he is young，he has already learned three foreign languages :English, French and Japanese.eg. In spite of/despite his illness, he went on with his experiment.30. be angry with sb; be angry at sth31. apart from=besides=in addition to除了….之外，还有; except=other than除了…(不包括) eg. No one knows what happened except Mr. Smith.eg. He has a large collection of books besides CDs.32. apply ( ~ for 申请) 应用; A apply to B （A适用于B）;apply A to B （把A运用于B）eg. He has successfully applied for a position（职位）in the company.33. appreciate 欣赏;感激（加动名词doing）eg. I really appreciate your coming to the party.类似动词有: enjoy, mind介意, avoid避免, escape逃避, can’t help禁不住, risk冒险, need=want需要, insist on 坚持eg. My hair needs cutting.34. approve of赞成, 批准; disapprove of 不赞成, 不批准35. argue with sb 与…争论36. arise;rise; arouse; raiseeg. New problems will arise as the old ones have been solved.（出现）eg. Are there any things arising from last meeting? （源于）eg. His speech aroused little interest among the students.（引起，激起）eg. The company has raised the prices of its products.（提高）eg. The prices of goods rose day by day during the Spring Festival.（上升）37. artificial 人工的,假的~ flowers 假花; ~ intelligence (AI)人工智能38. as for 至于as to 关于,至于as if/though 似乎, 好象39. ask for 要求40. attach importance to 重视41. pay attention to重视catch one’s attention 引起…注意/重视42. available 可得/买到的eg. There is no ticket available.43. average 平均on( the ) ~44. be aware of = realize 意识到be sure 一定要，肯定eg. He apologized to us for the mistake as soon as he was aware of it.eg. Be sure not to be late for the meeting.eg. I’m sure the play will be a great success.45. back up 支持46. background 背景47. b ase ~…on… 把…建立在…基础之上eg. His article is based on the research.48. bear 忍受, 容忍; 同义词: endure; tolerate ;stand; put up witheg. She cannot bear to see the child in pains.49. d o/try one’s besteg. He said he would try his best to carry out the plan.50. because 连词; eg. There will be no meeting because themanager will be on the vacation next week.because of 介词: eg. His wedding will be put off because of his father’s death.由于: due to=owing to=thanks to=result from=on account of=by reason of=as a result of=in virtue of= in that(句子)=since（句子）51. make the best of… 很好地利用52. had better do 最好eg. You’d better finish reading the bookin this wee k, since I’m going to return it to the library.would rather do 宁愿eg. I’d rather go there myself.53. beyond 超出…eg. The professor’s lecture is beyond me/beyond my understanding (超出我的理解范围).eg. The apple on the tree is beyond my reach(够不着).54. b oth… and…两者都; either…or… 或者… 或者… ; neither …. n or…. 两者都不55. be bound to do 注定…eg. You’re bound to succeed as long as（只要）you keep on trying.56. break into闯入; break out 爆发; break through 突破; break up (关系等)破裂57. c atch one’s breath 恢复正常呼吸58. call off=cancel 取消; call on=visit 拜访; call for 请求, 号召; put off=postpone 推迟eg. The resident called for the people to fight against the invaders.59. care for 关心,在乎; take care 保重; take care of=look after 照顾60. carry on 继续; carry out 实施, 执行eg. They decided to carry out the plan despite the opposition.61. case 事实, 实情; 箱子; 案例; 病例in case (of)以防，万一eg. Take my umbrella in case it rains;.in most cases 在大多数情况下; in no case 决不; in no way; by no means62. catch up with 赶上, 保持一致; keep up with; keep pace with63. (be) in charge of 掌管,负责;take charge of 掌管,负责;charge… for… 开价,要价eg. The short man there is in charge of our company.eg. The hotel charges $100 for a double room.64. challenge 挑战65. change 零钱(n.),换零钱(v.)66. comfort v.& n 安慰, 舒适, 舒服; comfortable 舒服的, 舒适的67. h ave … i n common 有共同之处; mutual 相互的eg. Although they are twins they have little in common.68. communicate with sb.传播, 交流69. c ompare … to… 把… 比作….; compare … with … 把… 与… 相比eg. Poets like comparing their lovers to red roses.eg. Compared with brain, computer still has some shortcomings.70. complain of/about 抱怨71. be made up of 由…. 组成; be composed of; consist of72.concentrate on=focus on=center on 集中注意力于; be engaged in 参与，从事73. a s far as … be concerned 就… 而言eg. As far as wages are concerned, I’m very dissat isfied with the present job. concerning=about 关于74. contribute 捐献;contribute to有助于eg. Computers will contribute many conveniences to our work.75. out of control 失去控制; under ~ 在控制之下76. convenient 方便, 便利的77. convince 使相信/信服convince… of…eg. I’m convi nced(=I believe) that where there is a will, there is a way.eg. He was not convinced of his wife’s guilty.78. cope with/ deal with/ handle 处理,应付;manage to do; trick sb. into doing sth.;persuade sb. into doing sth; frighten sb. into doing sth.79. at the cost/expense of 以…为代价eg. He saved the drowning child at the cost of his own life.at the risk of 冒着…危险…cost /spendeg. The overcoat cost him $200.eg. He spent $200 on (in buying) the overcoat.80.count on/ depend on/ rely on 依靠, 依赖81. create 创造82. custom 习俗; customs 海关83. damage 损坏（部分）; destroy 毁灭（全部）; hurt 伤害injure 受伤; ruin 摧毁; spoil 破坏(心情，兴致等)eg. Our holiday was spoiled by the bad weather.eg. The earthquake has destroyed the city entirely.84. a good/great deal 许多, 大量85. degree 学位; 程度=extent; to some extent/degree 在某种程度上86. demand; order; suggest; propose; insist 等后that 从句用虚拟语气（加动词原形）eg. The general ordered that the bridge (should) be repaired before daybreak.87. deny 否认, 拒绝（给予）denial (n.)eg. He denied breaking the window.eg. Women were denied the right to vote in the past in the U.S.88. in detail 详细地eg. He explained the question to us in ~.89. d evote …. t o… 致力于be devoted/committed to(介词)sth./doing sth. eg. The scientist devoted the whole life to the study of chemistry.90. do away with 废除; get rid of 摆脱除掉;have … to do with 与… 有关eg. It has nothing to do with what you are talking about.eg. Do away with the law.eg. He managed to get rid of the man followed him.91. drop in=drop by=visit92. due 到期的eg. The book will be due next week.（按计划, 安排要）发生，到达的eg. What time will the next bus due?eg. The next meeting is due to be held in three months’ time.due to =because of=owing to 因为, 由于eg. His promotion is due to his hard working.eg. Due to the heavy rain, we have to give up the plan for the weekends.93. economic 经济的; economical 节俭的94. effective 有效的; efficient 效率高的95. else 其它的; something ~ somebody ~96. in the end 最终（结果）; at last 最后（经过很长时间）eg. I have finished the essay at last.eg. We were thinking of going to England, but in the end we went to the USA.97. enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩的开心; help oneself 随便98. establish=set up=found99. evident=obvious=apparent 明显的显而易见的100. for example=for instance;to illustrate101. be exhausted=be tired out =be worn out 筋疲力尽的102. exist 存在103. expose 暴露受影响be exposed toeg. Being exposed to the sun for some time can do good to your health.eg. Many of today’s teenagers have been exposed too much to violence and sex. 104. face sth面对; be faced with 面临; encounter 面临105. in fact = as a matter as a fact 实际上; 事实上106. be familiar with107. by far 非常,最（修饰比较级和最高级）; so far 迄今为止（完成时态）;far from 远非如此（否定）eg. In my opinion, he is by far the most suitable one for the job.eg. He sent out a letter to apply for the job, but has received no answer so far.eg. My English is far from (not) perfect.108. fare 交通费; fee 费用; tuition 学费109. favor, do sb a favor 帮… 个忙; in favor of 赞成eg. I’m in favor of his suggestion that a power plant(电厂)be built.eg. Would you do me a favor to carry the box upstairs?110.feel like doing sth /would like to do sth喜欢/想做….111. field 田野, 领域112. fill in 填写; be filled with 充满eg. Would you like to fill in your address and telephone here?113. fine 罚款114. fire 解雇; catch fire 着火; set fire to 点火115. f ocus… on…使集中, 以…为中心116. be fond of =like 喜欢; be keen on/ be crazy at（about）eg. I’m fond of novels written by D.H Laurence.117. look forward to sth/ doing sth盼望eg. We are looking forward to your coming.in general /in short/ in a word/ on the whole 总的说来; to sum up,/to conclude118. generation gap 代沟120. get on/get off 上/下车（船…）; get on/ along with 和…相处121. give in屈服, 让步; give up 放弃; give off发出eg. The gas given off by automobiles is harmful to people’s healtheg. Don’t give up until you succeed.eg. He gave in finally under the pressure.122. go on to do sth 接着做（另一件事）; go on doing sth 继续做（同一件事）;go on a diet节食; go over 复习123. grant ,take… for granted 对…想当然, 对…习以为常eg. We usually take it for granted that the government should work for the welfare (福利) of the people.124. grow up 成长; grown-up 成年人125. hand in 上交; hand in hand; on one hand 一方面, on the other hand 另一方面126.hardly 几乎不; hardly… when…=no sooner… than… 刚…. 就….eg. The town has changed so quickly that I can hardly recognize it.eg. Hardly had we reached home when it began raining.127. d o good to…对…有益;do harm to…对…有害128. learn by heart 记住; lose heart 失去信心129.c an’t help doing sth 禁不住做…eg. She couldn’t help crying when she heard the news that her father passed away.130. hold, hold back 控制住（感情等）; hold up 阻止, 妨碍131. in a hurry/ in no hurry132. insist 从句用should do, should 可以省略eg. He insisted that we go there together。

专升本英语复习资料全
本文档旨在为准备参加专升本英语考试的学生提供全面的复资料。

以下是一些重要考点和建议，帮助您有效备考。

1. 重要考点
- 语法：重点复各种基本语法规则，例如时态、语态、虚拟语
气等。

加强对句子结构的理解，掌握并熟练运用不同句型。

- 词汇：扩充词汇量，特别关注常用词汇和短语的意思和用法。

重点研究常见的同义词和反义词，以及常见词根、词缀和词组的构成。

- 阅读理解：练阅读并理解不同类型的文章，掌握快速筛选信
息和查找关键信息的技巧。

通过阅读短文、新闻报道和文章，提高
阅读速度和理解能力。

- 写作：研究常见的写作结构和表达方式，包括段落组织、过
渡词语的运用和正确的语法表达。

多做写作练，提高写作水平和思
维逻辑能力。

2. 研究建议
- 制定研究计划：根据自己的时间安排和复进度，制定合理的研究计划。

合理分配时间，注重掌握基础知识，并留出足够的时间进行练和模拟考试。

- 多练题：通过做大量的练题，熟悉考试题型和答题要求。

做题过程中注意分析错误和弱点，并及时进行反思和改进。

- 参考资料：除了本文档提供的基本资料外，建议查阅一些备考辅导书籍或在线研究资源，了解更多复技巧和策略。

- 模拟测试：参加模拟考试，熟悉考试环境和时间压力，检验自己的复效果。

通过模拟测试，及时调整复计划和策略，提高备考效率。

希望以上资料对您的专升本英语考试复有所帮助。

祝您考试顺利，取得好成绩！。

专升本语文复习资料第一部分．文学常识1．我国儒家学派的创始人是（孔子）。

2．有“亚圣”之称的（孟子）倡导“民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻”的民本思想。

3．《秋水》中对话的两个神话人物是（黄河伯和北海若）。

4．巴金的《爱尔克的灯光》主要批判了其祖父在照壁上写家训“长宜子孙”四个字。

5．陶渊明《饮酒》中：“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。

”6．《种树郭橐驼传》是具有寓言性质的（传记作品）。

7．《报刘一丈书》鞭笞的三个反面人物是（干谒者、权者和门者）。

8．屈原《国殇》：“身既死兮神以灵，子魂魄兮为鬼雄。

”9．唐代诗人中被称为“小李社”的是（李商隐和杜牧）。

10．白居易的《杜陵叟》诗的副标题是“伤农夫之困也”。

11．由一系列具体事实概括出一般原理的论证方法是（归纳法）12．先秦散文中最多采用寓言形式、最富浪漫色彩的是《庄子》13．以现存九千三百多首诗而成为中国文学史上诗歌创作数量最为罕见的诗人是（陆游）14．《选择与安排》一文的作者朱光潜是我国著名的（美学家）15．王实甫的《西厢记》是一部（元杂剧）16．“瀚海阑千百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝”诗句中所用的修辞格是（夸张）17．“望洋兴叹”一语出自《庄子》18．《郑伯克段于鄢》一文中，“亟请于武公”句中的“亟”字的意思是（屡次）19．《国殇》选自《九歌》20．辛弃疾的作品集是《稼轩词》21．“逝者如斯”一语出自《论语?子罕》22．郁达夫和郭沫若曾一起组织过（创造社）23.《论语》是一部记录孔子及其弟子言行（主要是言论）的语录体散文集。

24．冰心在《往事》一文中，用什么形象的特征象征人的品格（大海）25．“山不厌高，水不厌深”一句的作者是（曹操）26．“五十步笑百步”这个成语源自《孟子》27．《虞美人》（春花秋月何时了）一词的作者是（李煜）28．《种树郭橐驼传》一文中“故不我若也”一句从语法上看属于（宾语前置）29．《蜀相》是一首（七律）30．《史记》的作者是（司马迁）31．“数”字作“计算”义解的是：此其过江河之流，不可为量数32．《心灵的灰烬》一文的作者傅雷是我国著名的（翻译家）33．郁达夫《故都的秋》所写的“故都”是今天的（北京）34．《米龙老爹》在叙述方法上的特点是（倒叙方式和第一人称与第三人称叙述方式交互使用）35．在先秦诸子中，文风以想像丰富、词藻瑰丽、汪洋恣肆而著称的是（庄子）36．说“今日一天，当明日两天”的哲人是（耶曼孙）37．“茕茕子立，形影相吊”一语出自《陈情表》。

7、下列函数可以看成由哪些简单函数复合而 成： x2 (1) y arccos e （2） y ln[ln(ln3 x)]
1 ，当0 t 20 8、设 g ( x) 3 x, f (t ) 20 ，求 0, 其它
g ( f (t ))、f ( g ( x)).
x y2 A. 2 x y2
x 2 y2
，则
1 1 f , （A x y
）
x2 y 2 D. 2 x y2
x2 y B. 2 x y2
xy C. 2 x y2
y u ， 2 v2 , v sin x, 将 表示成 的函 u 2. 设
数表达式为 。 3.与 f ( x) x2 等价的函数是（ D ） 2 3 A. x B. x C. 3 x D. x
左、右极 限概念 无穷大量 与无穷小 量的概念
知道
无穷小量 的性质
无穷小与无 穷大的关系 x →x0时极 限存在的充 要条件
掌握
四则运算 法则 用两个重 要极限求 极限的方 法
无穷小量：
lim f ( x) 0
lim f ( x)
无穷大量：
无穷小量性质： 1.无穷小的和差积商仍是无穷小量。 2.无穷小乘以有界函数仍是无穷小量。
考核知识点
4.基本初等函数及图形： 幂、指、对、三、反 5.复合函数 6.初等函数
了 解 性质
理 解 概念
f(x)的 意义 复合函 数概念
掌 握 定义域
表达式 函数值 复合函 数分解
会
建立简 单函数 关系
基本初 等函数 及其图 形
有界性、 奇偶性 的判别
在自变量的不同变化范围中,对应法则用不同的 式子来表示的函数,称为分段函数.

专升本政治知识点整理(第一部分)政治专升本考试复指南一、复内容、试卷内容比例以及小技巧：1.第一部分马克思主义哲学原理这部分选择题较多，约占28%；主要考察第一章到第四章的内容，特别是实践和认识这一章节。

2.第二部分和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论这部分需要多看多记多背，约占65%；主要考察第一章到第八章的内容，特别是构建社会主义和谐社会这一章节。

3.第三部分时事这部分需要多看，约占7%；需要多关注2019年7月1日至2020年6月30日的国内外重大事件，以及召开内容。

4.政治复总要点这部分主要对书本的总结，归纳，需要多看多记多背。

5.小技巧政治复重点以选择题为主，看政治书本里的所有选择题，并且只看正确答案，以加深印象。

同时，可以结合老师发的资料进行研究，切记多看，加深印象！二、第一部分知识点归总：1.第一章需要了解哲学、世界观、方法论等基本概念，理解唯物主义与唯心主义、辩证法与形而上学的根本区别，掌握哲学基本问题及其内容、马克思主义哲学的产生、马克思主义哲学的基本特征，切实理解马克思主义哲学是科学的世界观和方法论。

2.第二章需要了解物质、意识、运动、规律等基本概念。

理解物质与运动、运动与静止、物质与意识、主观能动性与客观规律性的关系。

掌握世界的物质统一性原理，坚持一切从实际出发，实事求是。

3.第三章重点整理唯物辩证法的基本规律：一、对立统一规律：1.矛盾的普遍性与特殊性的关系即共性与个性的关系；2.矛盾的特殊性是造成世界上事物千差万别的因素；3.对立统一规律是唯物辩证法的实质和核心；二、质量互变规律：1.质是指一事物区别于他事物的内在规定性；2.量是指事物的规模、程度、速度以及构成要素在空间上的排列组合等可用数量表示的规定性；3.度是指事物保持自己的质的量的界限、幅度、范围（质和量的统一就是度）；4.事物的变化是否超出度的范围，是区分量变与质变的根本标志。

三、否定之否定规律：1.辩证的否定就是扬弃，即是新事物对旧事物的既克服又保留；形而上学否定观是一种孤立、绝对地看待肯定和否定的观点，与辩证否定观相对立。

最新专升本英语复习资料第一节概念一、开音节以发音的元音字母结尾、以“元音字母+不发音的e"结尾、以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母（r除外)+不发音的e”结尾的音节都叫开音节。

如：no， be， note.★发音的元音字母：a， e， i， o， u二、闭音节以“一个元音字母+一个或几个辅音字母(r除外）”结尾的音节叫闭音节。

如：map， plan, west.三、r音节以“元音字母+r"构成的音节叫r音节。

如：car， doctor， teacher， dirty。

词汇与语法40个小题，共40分。

从2002,2003年的考题看，语法占20――25分。

第一节名词（null）大纲要求掌握：一、可数名词与不可数名词二、可数名词的复数形式三、名词的所有格四、名词在句子中的作用一、可数名词与不可数名词名词分可数与不可数两种。

可数名词表示某类人或东西中的个体.如table， country.或表示若干个体组成的集合体.如 family， people， committee, police.不可数名词表示无法分为个体的实物。

如air， tea， furniture， water.或表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念.如work， information， advice，happiness.有些名词在一种场合下是可数名词，在另一种场合下是不可数名词。

如room 房间(可数)，空间(不可数）time 时间(不可数）,次数（可数)fish 鱼(不可数)，各种各样的鱼（可数）比较下列例句:There are nine rooms in the house. (房间，可数名词)There isnt enough room for us three in the car . （空间,不可数名词）不可数名词的数量可以通过在其前面加单位词来表示.如：一块肉 a piece of meat两条长面包 two loaves of bread三件家具 three articles of furniture一大笔钱 a large sum of money二、可数名词的复数形式可数名词有单数和复数两种形式.名词复数的构成如下:1。

成人高考专升本政治有关复习资料第一章马克思主义哲学是现时代精神旳精髓1.什么叫马克思主义哲学？答：是科学旳世界观和措施论，是有关自然、社会和思维发展普遍规律旳科学，是辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义旳最完整严密旳科学体系，是以实践为基础旳革命性和科学性相统一旳无产阶级哲学，是指导我们认识世界和改造世界旳强大思想武器。

2.什么叫唯物主义和唯心主义？它们有哪些历史形态？答：但凡承认物质第一性、精神第二性旳，承认物质是世界旳本原，精神是由物质派生旳，都属于唯物主义哲学。

唯物主义在历史上存在三种形态，即古代朴素旳唯物主义、近代形而上学旳唯物主义和现代旳辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义。

相反，但凡认为精神第一性、物质第二性旳，物质由精神派生旳，都属于唯心主义哲学。

唯心主义哲学还分为把世界归结为主观精神旳主观唯心主义和把世界归结为客观精神力量旳客观唯心主义两种形态。

3.辩证法与形而上学区别有哪些？答：辩证法旳观点：它把世界看作是普遍联络旳整体和永恒发展旳过程，一切事物都是由内部矛盾推进而不停地运动、变化和发展着；形而上学旳观点：它用孤立旳、静止旳、片面旳观点看世界，把世界旳多种现象看作是各自孤立、静止不变旳东西，认为世界是没有矛盾旳，是不会发展旳，虽然有变化也只是事物数量旳增减或场所旳变更，并且认为这种变化纯粹是外力推进旳成果。

第二章物质和意识4.阐明物质观发展旳三个阶段：答：唯物主义旳物质观经历了三个发展阶段：第一阶段，古代朴素旳唯物主义物质观。

它对世界穷根究底，认为世界上旳万事万物都是某一种或某几种详细旳“原初物质”构成旳，这种“原初物质”就是世界旳本质。

第二阶段，是近代形而上学旳唯物主义物质观。

它认为原子是世界旳本质，世界万事万物都是由原子构成旳。

第三阶段，是现代辩证唯物主义旳物质观。

它认为世界统一旳基础和构成世界本原旳物质是客观实在。

5.阐明运动及其本质，运动与物质旳关系：答：所谓运动，是指宇宙中发生旳一切变化和过程。

流、国际运输） • 互联网物流战略（简化流程，减低交流
成本） • 绿色物流战略
第三章 运输
目录
1.运输概述 2.物流运输方式 3.运输管理业务 4运输决策
运输概述
• 运输是实现人和物空间位置变化 • 运输是物流的主要功能要素之一
的活动。物流的运输则专指“物” （运输再加上搬运和配送的等活
的载运及运输。
第二章 现代物流发展战略
目录
1.物流战略概述 2.物流战略内容 3.物流企业战略环境分析 4.现代物流战略新模式
物流战略的概念
• 物流战略指为寻求物流的可持续 发展，就物流发展目标以及达成 目标的途径与手段而制定的长远 性、全局性的规划与谋略。
• 企业物流战略的五个重要层次： • 1.物流战略层 • 2.物流经营层 • 3.物流结构层 • 4.物流职能层 • 5.物流执行层
动实现改变空间状态的全部任务）
• 运输与搬运配送的区别：运输活 动范围较大，搬运和配送的活动 范围较小。
• 运输是社会物质产生的必要条件 之一（没有运输就没有办法链接 生产的各个环节）
• 运输可以创造“场所效应”
• 同种“物”由于空间场所不同， 其使用的实现程度不同，其效益 的实现也不同。由于改变场所而 最大限度发挥使用价值，最大限 度提高投入产出比，这就是场所 效应。
货物
• 租船运输：通常用于大宗货物运
• 集装箱：适用于运输精密、贵重、 输。（定程租，定期租，光船租）
易损的货物。
运输管理业务
合理化运输
• 根据取得最佳经济效益的原则， 选择合理的路线、车型、营运形 式和组织方式的运输。
不合理运输
• 现有的条件下可以达到的运输水 平而没有达到，或由于运输的不 合理增加时间和成本。

第一章信息技术与计算机文化1.1从信息科学的角度来看先有数据后有信息。

同一个信息可以用不同的数据表示。

最能体现出计算机功能的一句话是：计算机是一种信息处理机。

信息技术：指人们获取、存储、传递、处理、开发和利用信息资源的相关技术.在现代信息处理中以传感技术、计算机技术、通信技术和网络技术为主导技术。

信息的四次革命：语言的形成、造纸和印刷术的应用、广播与电视的发明、全球性网络电话的普及。

20世纪90年代开始，世界上的主要国家开始建设高速度、大容量、多媒体的信息传输干线，称“信息高速公路”。

又称“国家信息基础措施（NII）”是美国最先提出的，以Internet 为主导的，在光纤/缆通讯为主的，在Internet上传输的多媒体信息，并不是二进制信息。

文化是经济基础、上层建筑和意识形态的复合体。

文化的基本属性：广泛性、传递性、教育性、深刻性。

计算机文化就是以计算机为核心，集网络文化、信息文化、多媒体文化于一体，并对社会生活和人类行为产生广泛、深远影响的新型文化。

人类文化发展的四个里程碑：语言的产生、文字的使用、印刷术的发明与计算机文化。

1.2计算机之父：英国数学家查尔斯．巴贝齐，1946年创造了人类第一台电子计算机ENIAC。

（E lectronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator）。

1949年世界上第一台二进制的计算机诞生，称EDSAC是冯．诺依曼体系结构的计算机，是以存储程序工作原理。

第一代1946~1956电子管计算机，逻辑元件为：电子管，程序设计语言：机器，汇编属低级语言。

应用于科学计算。

代表机型：EDVAC、UNIVAC、IMB701等、第二代1956~1964晶体管计算机，逻辑元件为：晶体管程序设计语言：高级语言，应用于科学计算、数据处理。

代表机型：IMB7094、Honeywell8000第三代1964~1971集成电路计算机，逻辑元件为中小规模集成电路，高级语言很大发展，出现操作系统、会话式语言。

专升本高数复习资料(超新超全)严格依据大纲编写：笔记目录第一章极限和连续第一节极限[复习考试要求]1.了解极限的概念（对极限定义等形式的描述不作要求）。

会求函数在一点处的左极限与右极限，了解函数在一点处极限存在的充分必要条件。

2.了解极限的有关性质，掌握极限的四则运算法则。

3.理解无穷小量、无穷大量的概念，掌握无穷小量的性质、无穷小量与无穷大量的关系。

会进行无穷小量阶的比较（高阶、低阶、同阶和等价）。

会运用等价无穷小量代换求极限。

4.熟练掌握用两个重要极限求极限的方法。

第二节函数的连续性[复习考试要求]1.理解函数在一点处连续与间断的概念，理解函数在一点处连续与极限存在之间的关系，掌握判断函数（含分段函数）在一点处连续性的方法。

2.会求函数的间断点。

3.掌握在闭区间上连续函数的性质会用它们证明一些简单命题。

4.理解初等函数在其定义区间上的连续性，会利用函数连续性求极限。

第二章一元函数微分学第一节导数与微分[复习考试要求]1.理解导数的概念及其几何意义，了解可导性与连续性的关系，会用定义求函数在一点处的导数。

2.会求曲线上一点处的切线方程与法线方程。

3.熟练掌握导数的基本公式、四则运算法则以及复合函数的求导方法。

4.掌握隐函数的求导法与对数求导法。

会求分段函数的导数。

5.了解高阶导数的概念。

会求简单函数的高阶导数。

6.理解微分的概念，掌握微分法则，了解可微和可导的关系，会求函数的一阶微分。

第二节导数的应用[复习考试要求]1.熟练掌握用洛必达法则求“0·∞”、“∞-∞”型未定式的极限的方法。

2.掌握利用导数判定函数的单调性及求函数的单调增、减区间的方法。

会利用函数的单调性证明简单的不等式。

3.理解函数极值的概念，掌握求函数的驻点、极值点、极值、最大值与最小值的方法，会解简单的应用题。

4.会判断曲线的凹凸性，会求曲线的拐点。

5.会求曲线的水平渐近线与铅直渐近线第三章一元函数积分学第一节不定积分[复习考试要求]1.理解原函数与不定积分的概念及其关系，掌握不定积分的性质。

(直打版)专升本高等数学复习资料(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)
编辑整理：
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同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为(直打版)专升本高等数学复习资料(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。

代入方程,1x y '-=-(x y y x c '+-=+所以不是解．所以答案为D ．
，带入微分方程有．222,6,12x x x e y e y e '''==解．由于中无任意常数，所以为特解．答案选23x y e =x
y =2
x y =。

专升本自考复习题集专升本自考是许多专科生提升学历、拓宽就业渠道的重要途径。

为了帮助考生更好地复习，以下是一套专升本自考复习题集，涵盖了常见的知识点和题型。

# 专升本自考复习题集数学部分1. 函数的性质：请解释什么是函数的连续性，并给出一个连续函数的例子。

2. 导数的应用：描述如何使用导数来确定函数的极值。

3. 积分计算：计算定积分 \(\int_{0}^{1} x^2 dx\) 的值。

4. 级数求和：判断级数 \(\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^2}\) 是否收敛，并求其和。

英语部分1. 词汇题：解释以下单词的含义：phenomenon, ubiquitous, paradox。

2. 阅读理解：阅读以下短文，并回答问题：[短文内容]。

问题：作者的主要观点是什么？3. 写作：写一篇不少于200字的短文，描述你如何度过一个有意义的周末。

计算机科学基础1. 数据结构：解释什么是链表，并比较链表与数组的区别。

2. 算法分析：描述什么是时间复杂度，并给出一个O(n^2)时间复杂度算法的例子。

3. 操作系统：解释进程和线程的区别。

专业课程1. 经济学基础：解释什么是GDP，并说明其计算方法。

2. 会计学：描述资产负债表和利润表的区别。

3. 市场营销：解释4P营销理论，并给出一个实际例子。

政治理论1. 中国特色社会主义理论：简述中国特色社会主义理论体系的主要内容。

2. 时事政治：描述当前国内外的重大政治事件及其影响。

复习建议- 制定详细的复习计划，合理安排时间。

- 针对自己的薄弱环节进行重点复习。

- 多做模拟题和历年真题，熟悉考试题型和答题技巧。

结束语专升本自考是一个挑战，但也是一个提升自我、实现梦想的机会。

希望本题集能够帮助大家更好地准备考试，祝大家考试顺利，取得理想的成绩。

请注意，以上内容是一个示例，具体的复习题集应根据实际的考试大纲和要求进行编制。

考生在复习时应结合自己的专业和课程要求，有针对性地进行学习。

【导语】世间最可宝贵的就是今天，最易丧失的也是今天；愿你在未来的⼀年中，⽆限珍惜这每⼀个今天。

以下是⽆忧考为⼤家整理的《2019年⼭东专升本教育学基础知识【1-5】》供您查阅。

【篇⼀】 考点·教育的概念 ⼴义的教育：凡是增进⼈的知识和技能、发展⼈的智⼒和体⼒、影响⼈的思想和品德的活动都是教育。

它包括社会教育、学校教育和家庭教育。

狭义的教育：主要指学校教育，是教育者根据⼀定的社会要求，有⽬的、有计划、有组织地对受教育者施加影响，促使他们朝着所期望的⽅向发展的活动。

【经典考题】“听君⼀席话，胜读⼗年书”指的是( )。

A.⼴义的教育B.家庭教育C.学校教育D.社会教育 【答案】A。

解析：“听君⼀席话，胜读⼗年书”是指在各种情况下所接受到的知识，要⽐单⼀地读书收获更⼤，指的是⼴义的教育。

考点·教育的起源学说学说主张神话起源说教育是由⼈格化的神（上帝或天）所创的，教育体现神或上天的意志，使⼈皈依于神或顺从于天。

⽣物起源说教育的产⽣完全来⾃动物的⽣存本能⼼理起源说教育起源于⽇常⽣活中⼉童对成⼈的⽆意识模仿劳动起源说教育起源于劳动过程中社会⽣产需要和⼈的发展需要的辨证统⼀ 【经典考题】马克思主义教育学在教育起源问题上坚持( )。

A.劳动起源说B.⽣物起源说C.⼼理起源说D.⽣物进化论 【答案】A。

解析：马克思所认可的教育起源是劳动起源学说，认为教育起源于劳动过程中社会⽣产需要和⼈的发展需要的辩证统⼀。

【经典考题】认为“教育是⼈适应⾃然的重要⼿段，甚⾄在⼀些⾼等动物中，也存在着教育”，持这⼀观点的是( )。

A.劳动起源说B.⽣物起源说C.⼼理起源说D.⽣物进化论 【答案】B。

⽣物起源学说认为教育产⽣于动物界的⽣存本能，认为动物界中也存在教育，因此持题⼲中观点的是⽣物起源学说。

考点·古代社会的教育 1.中国最早的学校教育形态出现在夏朝。

2.中国奴⾪社会教育的主要内容是六艺(礼乐射御书数)，教育特点是政教合⼀，学在官府。

专升本自考复习题集专升本自考复习题集自考是一种灵活的学习方式，让许多工作人士和在职人员能够继续深造。

而专升本考试是自考中的一种重要考试，对于想要提升学历的人来说，备考专升本考试是一项必要的任务。

为了帮助考生更好地备考，下面将提供一些专升本自考复习题集，希望对考生有所帮助。

第一部分：语文1. 下列诗句中，哪一句是出自唐代诗人杜牧的作品？A. 春风又绿江南岸B. 春宵一刻值千金C. 春江水暖鸭先知D. 春色满园关不住2. 下列成语中，哪一个与“七上八下”意思相近？A. 心慌意乱B. 欢天喜地C. 愁眉苦脸D. 欣喜若狂第二部分：数学1. 若a+b=5，a-b=3，则a的值为多少？A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 42. 已知正方形ABCD的边长为10cm，E为BC的中点，连接AE，求AE的长度。

A. 5cmB. 10cmC. 15cmD. 20cm第三部分：英语1. 下列单词中，哪一个是形容词？A. RunB. FastC. JumpD. Sing2. 下列句子中，哪一个是正确的？A. I am go to school.B. She is a good student.C. They is playing basketball.D. He do his homework.第四部分：专业课1. 在计算机网络中，HTTP协议是用来做什么的？A. 传输超文本数据B. 进行网络安全认证C. 实现文件共享D. 控制网络流量2. 在市场营销中，4P理论是指什么？A. 产品、价格、渠道、促销B. 人、货、场、价C. 品牌、定价、推广、销售D. 人、产品、渠道、利润以上是一些专升本自考复习题集的例子，通过做题可以帮助考生检验自己的学习成果，巩固知识点，提高解题能力。

但是，仅仅做题是不够的，考生还需要结合教材、参考书籍和课堂笔记进行系统的学习，理解知识的内涵和外延。

同时，还需要进行大量的练习，培养自己的解题思维和应试能力。

山东专升本语文复习资料近年来，随着专升本考试的逐渐普及，不少人都踊跃报考。

而其中语文科目，无疑是大多数考生最为忧心的一门。

今天，笔者为大家提供一些山东专升本语文复习资料，希望能够帮助到大家。

首先，我们需要了解山东省专升本考试语文科目的考试大纲。

根据考试大纲，语文科目的考试分为两个部分：选择题和作文。

其中选择题占70分，作文占30分。

选择题主要考查考生的阅读理解能力和文言文阅读能力，而作文则主要考查考生的写作能力。

因此，我们在复习过程中需要针对这两部分内容进行有针对性的学习。

接下来，我为大家推荐一些复习资料：1.《山东专升本语文考试试题集》这本书汇集了山东省历年来的专升本语文考试试题，并且还提供了详细的解析，对于考生来说是一本很好的资料。

2.《山东专升本语文强化训练册》这本书主要是针对选择题部分的内容进行训练，包括阅读理解、翻译、古文阅读等。

对于考生来说，可以帮助大家针对性地提高自己的语文水平。

3.《山东专升本语文作文指南》这本书则主要是针对作文部分的内容进行讲解，包括文章结构、语言表达技巧、文体等方面。

对于考生来说，可以提供很好的写作指导。

除了这些书籍外，我们还可以通过网络来获取相关复习资料。

比如一些专门为山东专升本考生量身定制的网站，都可以提供丰富的复习资料。

最后，我们需要在复习过程中注重练习，并且要有一定的规划。

比如，可以按照每天的时间安排自己的学习进度，每天完成一定量的阅读理解、古文阅读等训练，同时也要注意作文的训练。

只有这样，才能在考试中发挥出自己的最佳水平，顺利通过考试。

专升本英语复习资料I. Vocabulary and Structure1.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ___A___ when he ______at the party.A. had left, arrivedB. left, had arrivedC. had left, had arrivedD. left, arrived2.Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ___C D___ to thenation.A. has leftB. is to leaveC. leavesD. is to be left3.The work _A_____ by the time you get here.A. will have been doneB. is doneC. had been doneD. would have done4.It __C____ for a week and the streets were flooded.A. has rainedB. was rainedC. had been rainingD. should have rained5.Sorry, but we cannot go to San Diego. Our cousins _B___ to see us next Sunday.A. comeB. are comingC. have comeD. came6.The bus is late and Julie is cold. She C____ for the bus for 10 minutes.A. waitsB. waitedC. has been waitingD. has waited7.All of us think it difficult to _D_____ the difference between the two things.A. talkB. speakC. lectureD. tell8.George is so _A_____ in debt that he is afraid to show up in the pub in case he meetshis six creditors.A. involvedB. concentratedC. devotedD. concerned9. A new situation is likely to __B____ when the school leaving age is raised to 16.A. riseB. ariseC. happenD. raise10.Be quiet! It's rude to __C____ people when they are speaking.1-5 ADACB6-10 CDABCA. interfereB. introduceC. interruptD. prevent11.The music adviser taught her how to __A____ a song to find its mood and meaning.A. composeB. preserveC. includeD. analyze12.Rapid reading means reading something fast just to ___C___ the general idea.A. masterB. seizeC. graspD. imagine13.Finding it difficult to B______ to the climate in the city, he decided to move to theNorth.A. adoptB. adaptC. fitD. suit14.They built strong walls round the town as a _ D_____ against the enemy.A. dependB. defendC. defeatD. defense15.The students were not___A_to leave the classroom without an adequate reason.A. permittedB. remittedC. admittedD. emitted16.I don’t think it is easy to _B_____ your weight if keep on eating that way.A. decreaseB. reduceC. declineD. shorten17.The guide is _C___ a line of tourists through the narrow passage with the help of historch.A.concludingB.containingC.conductingD.conquering18.It __A_____ the village where we spent our holidays last summer.A. reminds me ofB. reminds me toC. remembers me ofD. remembers me to19.It’s too expensive for me. I can’t D_______it.A. spendB. costC. payD. afford20I didn’t know what to do but then an idea suddenly___C___ to me. 11-15 ACBDA 16-20 BCADC20.21-25 ADBCA 26-30 BCCDAA. happenedB. enteredC. occurredD. hit21.M r. Wilson said that he did not want to __A____ any further responsibilities.A. take onB. bring onC. get onD. carry out22.D ear, do send the children to bed. I can't ___D____their noise any longer.A. put offB. put upC. stand upD. put up with23.W ill you please B______ my parcel at the post-office as you pass?A. pick outB. pick upC. take outD. take up24.I n making such models, skills as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure are___C___.A. called onB. called upC. called forD. called in25.T he little boy __A____ his hiding place when he coughed.A. gave awayB. gave upC. got awayD. got in26.N one of us expected the chairman to ___B___ at the party. We thought he was still inhospital.A. turn inB. turn upC. turn overD. turn down27.W hen he heard the bad news, he _C_____ completely.A. broke awayB. broke upC. broke downD. broke out28.I f I had more time, I would _C___ golf as a hobby.A.take inB.take onC.take upD.take over29.W ould you like me __D____ the radio a bit?A. turning downB. turned downC. turn downD. to turn down30.S ince the road is wet this morning, __A____ last night.A. it must have rainedB. it must rainC. it must be rainingD. it must have been rained31.A s teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think _A_____.A. ought to be saidB. must sayC. have to be saidD. need to say32.Y ou ___D___ all those calculations. We have a computer to do that sort of thing.A. must not have doneB. should not haveC. can not have doneD. needn’t have done33.W ith all this work on hand, he __D____ to the cinema last night.A. mustn’t goB. wouldn’t goC. oughtn’t goD. shouldn’t have gone34.“I saw Mary in the library yesterday.”“Y ou _C______her, she is still in hospital.”A. mustn’t have seenB. could not seeC. can’t have seenD. must not see35.H e regretted _B_____ the decision so hastily.A. makeB. makingC. to makeD. have made36.T he speech which he made __b____ the project has bothered me greatly.A. being concernedB. concerningC. be concernedD. concerned37.--- “ Joe doesn’t seem like the same person.”---“____c__so much in the war has made him more thoughtful.”A. To have seenB. Having seenC. His seeingD. For him to see38.H e had no choice but _a_____ to see him.A. to goB. wentC. goingD. go39.A lthough young, Fred could resist __d___ what to do and what not to do.A. to be toldB. having been toldC. to have been toldD. being told40.N o matter how frequently _b_____, the works of Beethoven always attract a largeaudience.A. performingB. performedC. to be performedD. being performed41.T he music was so __a____ that the audience were ______ to death.A.boring .. boredB. bored … boringC. bored …boredD. boring … Boring31-35 ADDCB 36-40 BCADB41-45 ADBCA 46-50 CBADC42.W hen he came back after an absence of 20 years, he found his hometown completely__d____.A. changingB. to be changedC. to changeD. changed43.S ome of the experiments ___b___ in the book are easy to perform.A. being describedB. describedC. to be describedD. having beendescribed44.I really appreciate _c_____ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.A. you to offerB. that you offerC. your offeringD. that you are offering45.H e should get used by now _a_____ Chinese food.A. to eatingB. to eatC. for eatingD. eating46.T he manager promised to keep me __d ____ of how our business was going on.A. to be informedB. on informingC. informedD. informing47.N o one thought that John’s suggestion was worth _b_____ .A. to considerB. consideringC. to be consideredD. of consideration48.T he young man got his motor bicycle tyre __a____ early this morning.A. changedB. changeC. changingD. be changed49.___d___ enough money, they decided to call off the construction project.A. Not to have raisedB. Not raisingC. Having not raisedD. Not having raised50.W hile reading the newspaper, __c____.A. a colorful advertisement caught my eyesB. my attention was attracted by an advertisementC. I was attracted by a colorful advertisementD. What attracted my eyes was a colorful advertisement51.W eighing seven hundred pounds, __C____.A. she could not move the pianoB. the piano should not be movedC. the piano was too heavy for her to moveD. the piano was unable to move52.T he factory is said A______ last month.A. to have gone into productionB. to go into productionC. to be gone into productionD. to be going into production53.___D___ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A. The girl was educatedB. The girl educatedC. The girl to be educatedD. The girl’s being educated54.H aving plenty of time, __C____ .A. we needn’t to have hurriedB. there was no need for us to hurryC. we didn’t need to hurryD. hurrying was not necessary55.__B____, little John did not reply.A. When being asked what his name wasB. When asked what his name wasC. When his name was askedD. When he is asked what is his name56.W ith its expensive furniture and carefully _C___ color scheme, the room looked quiteluxurious.A.chooseB.choseC.chosenD.choosing57.T ime B____, we will arrange for the tourists to visit two or three more remote spots ofculture value.A.permitsB.permittingC.permittedD.to be permitted58.A ll the afternoon he worked in his study with the door _D_____.A. to lockB. lockingC. lockD. locked59.T he garden requires _A_______.A. wateringB. being wateredC. to waterD. having watered60.W e have cooperated well with them many years for the shared _C_____.A. honourB. rewardC. benefitD. prize61.I took the medicine, but it didn’t have any ___A___ on me.A. effectB. relationC. touchD. affect62.H e said that he’d like to take __B____ of this opportunity to co-operate with you.A. benefitB. advantageC. profitD. occasion63.T he new nurse does not have much __A___ in taking care of patients.A. experienceB. regretC. desireD. talent64.E lectricity, like other forms of __C____, has greatly increased in price.A. strengthB. forceC. powerD. energy65.W ill you be taking my previous experience into _D_____ when you fix my salary?A.possessionB. scaleC. mindD. Account51-55 CADCB 56-60 CBDAC61-65 ABACD 66-70 BDBAC 71-75 BCABD 76-80 CBCDA66.I suggest that you put the dangerous things out of the children’s __B____.A. controlB. reachC. orderD. sight67.W hen we had finished dinner, George asked waiter to bring him the _B_____.A. tipB. costC. menuD. bill68.M y father was born in Germany and still speaks English with a German __B____.A. pronunciationB. accentC. relativeD. sound69.T hey have always been on good A with their next-door neighbors.A. termsB. friendshipC. relationsD. connection70.G randma told the story in a very sad _C__ and we were all moved.A. tuneB. tongueC. toneD. ton71.T he telegram was based on information from a __B____ source.A. recentB. reliableC. rareD. private72.H is health is _C_____.A. as poor, if not poor than, his sisterB. poor as his sister’s if not poorC. as poor as if not poorer than, his sister’sD. as poor, if not poorer than sister’s73.T he kite flew _A_____ in the sky and everyone spoke ______ of it.A. high…highlyB. highly…highlyC. high…highD. highly…high74.“Does your wife regret paying six hundred dollars for the fashionable dress?”“Not at all. She would gladly have paid ___B___ for it”A. twice so muchB. twice as muchC. as much twiceD. so much twice75.P etrol is manufactured from the ___Doil we take out of the ground.A. rawB. roughC. toughD. crude76.Y ou are making me _C__with your stories of how hard the examination is.A. normalB. negativeC. nervousD. neutral77.I’ll come with you __B____ we don’t stay late. I need to be up early tomorrow.A. even IB. as long asC. so thatD. now that78.E ven after I washed the coat, it still had some ___C___ marks on it.A. weakB. familiarC. faintD. regular79.E veryone in the room remained ___D___.A. happily and friendlyB. orderly and kindlyC. happily and kindlyD. orderly and friendly80.S ome people think __A____ about their rights than about their duties.A. much moreB. as muchC. too muchD. many more81.A pples are _B_____ in summer and cost a lot.A. rareB. scarceC. commonD. unusual82.I n the future she hopes to go _B_____ for further studies.A. awayB. abroadC. outsideD. far83.T he new_C____machine is a great help in the production of this factory.A. adequateB. sufficientC. efficientD. effective84.L ittle John caught a __D____ fish this morning.A. aliveB. aloneC. lonelyD. living85.T he football match was televised __A__ from the Berlin Olympic Stadium.A liveB aliveC livingD lively86.T he more fruits and vegetables you eat, C____ chance of getting cancer you have.A littleB lessC the lessD the least87.H e’s __A____ to know the answer.A. likelyB. probableC. maybeD. probably88.I t isn’t quite _C_____ that he will he present at the meeting.A. rightB. sureC. certainD. exact89.T he examination I took yesterday wasn’t very difficult, but it was _D_____ long.A. much ratherB. so muchC. too muchD. much too90.I t may rain, but I shall go out_B_____; I don’t mind the rain.A. anywhereB. anyhowC. howeverD. nevertheless91.H e had not ___A__ made up his mind what attitude to adopt towards her.A. as yetB. as wellC. as usualD. as thoug h92.I pulled the handle __D_____I could.A. so hardly asB. as hardly asC. so hard asD. as hard as93.H e is so shy that he __C_____ speaks in the public.A. oftenB. frequentlyC. seldomD. sometimes94.T he story of Mary is merely ___B___ of a poor farmer.A. oneB. thatC. thoseD. which95.T he second-hand car was not worth __C____.A.much thatB. that much allC. all that muchD. much all that 81-85 BBCDA 86-90 CACDB 91-95 ADCBC 96-100 DCBCA 101-105 CBDAB 106-110 ACDAB96.__D___of them knew about the plan because it was a secret.A. SomeB. AnyC. No oneD. None97.M y car is not so fashionable as _C_____.A. he’sB. heC. hisD. his’98.______ Tom B______ Mary can help me, for they are very busy.A. Both; andB. Neither; norC. whether; orD. Either; or99.D o you know any other foreign language _C_____ English?A. exceptB. butC. besidesD. beside100.With five hungry children seated around the table, the food disappeared ___A___.A. in no timeB. at no timeC. ahead of timeD. from time totime101.There is a very big bridge __A____ the river.A. aboveB. onC. overD. below102.The chairman signed the document ___C___ the company.A. instead ofB. on behalf ofC. in place ofD. in case of103.It’s about 400 mm rain in this area a year __D____.A. above allB. of allC. for averageD. on average104.In many schools, students don’t have sufficient access __A____ the library.A. toB. ofC. intoD. about105.The traditional approach __B____with complex problems is to break them down into smaller ones.A. in dealingB. to dealingC. dealingD. to deal106.The flyover at the crossing on the 6th ring road is now _A___ construction.A. underB. inC. atD. with107.It’s the first turning __C____ the left after the traffic lights.A. byB. inC. onD. for108.I know nothing about him __D____he is a teacher.A. besidesB. in additionC. except forD. except that 109.The heavy snow could not keep us _A_____ going out to work.A. fromB. onC. uponD. up110.Jack works so hard as he dreams ___B__owning his own house soon.A. toB. ofC. withD. on111.I suppose I can count __B___you for help in this matter.A. ofB. onC. atD. to112.It was difficult for him to buy good shoes because he had such a big __A___of feet.A. pairB. sizeC. coupleD. number113.It was raining again, ___D___ is very bad for our crops.A. itB. thatC. whatD. which114.I have two brothers, both ___C___ are doctors.A. of whichB. of themC. of whomD. who115.___A___ doesn’t matter ______ they will come to the meeting next month.A. It, whetherB. That, whetherC. If it, whoD. Whether, it116.The City Football Team, _B_____ , meets every other day.A. which I am a memberB. of which I am a memberC. that I am a memberD. of that I am a member117.Our factory is much more productive now. This year’s production is five times ___A___ it was ten years ago.A. whatB. thatC. thanD. as118.This is the most difficult book _D_____ .A. what I have ever readB. which I have ever readC.I have ever read itD. that I have ever read119.In order to search for the escaped prisoner, the police decide to question _C____ comes along this road.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever120.The truth is that it is only by studying history _A_____ we can learn what to expect in the future.A.thatB. and thenC. by whichD. through which111115 BADCA 116-120 BADCA121-125 CABDD 126-130 BDABC121.The people, ___C___ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all their homesB. of all whose homesC. all of whose homesD. all of their homes122.He has made another wonderful discovery, __A____ of great importance to science and man.A. which I think isB. which I think it isC. of which I think it isD. I think which is123.A new television program teaches children __B___ can and should think about career development.A. whatB. that theyC. bothD. whom they124.The chairman requested that ___D___.A. the members should have studied the problem more carefullyB. the problem were more carefully studiedC. the problem could be studied with more careD. the members study the problem more carefully125.Another advantage of the mass media is __D____ it gives people the information they need in their daily lives.A. whatB. whetherC. wheneverD. that 126.They showed us around the factory _B_____ is equipped with modern machines.A. in thatB. whichC. in whichD. what127._B_____ as much as one-fourth of all timber harvested is not used proved to be false.A. The estimateB. It is estimated thatC. They are estimatedD. The estimate that128.Do you know __A____ ?A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the movieC. when does the movie startD. the movie what time starts129.Perhaps the days will come _B___ people will be able to breathe clean air in cities.A. asB. whenC. whileD. sine130.To my surprise, __C__ turned out that Susan failed in the examination.A. thisB. whatC. itD. as131.Jenny is the only one of the grade who _A___ selected to school fashion-show team.A. isB. areC. hasD. have132.He told her nothing, __B____upset her.A. thatB. for whichC. about whichD. which133.The reason B______I’m writing is to tell you about a party on Saturday.A. becauseB. whyC. forD. as134.Such a device ___A___ he was given proved almost worthless.A. asB. likeC. thatD. which135.Hardly had we arrived home __C____ we all sat down to rest.A. thanB. thenC. whenD. until136.__D__ when he saw his wife’s face did Tom realize the true meaning of her remark.A. JustB. NeverC. UsuallyD. Only137._ _C____, he failed in the examination.A. Although he didn’t work so hard as usualB. As he worked harder than usualC. Hard as he workedD. Having worked harder than usualually scientists test a theory for a while ___A___ they accept it as true.A. beforeB. afterC. whenD. because139.The students didn’t manage to work out the problem B______ their teacher had explained how.A. whenB. untilC. unlessD. as140.--- Could I borrow your dictionary?--- I’d get it for you _D_____ I could remember who last borrowed it.A. except thatB. unlessC. only ifD. if only141.I knew him better, __B_____ I discovered that my impression had been right.A. whichB. asC. untilD. unless142.Watch your step，_A____ you might fall into the water.A. orB. andC. unlessD. but143.He is ______ strong a man ___C__ he can lift ten stones like this one.A. such…soB. such…thatC. so…thatD. so a…for144.It’s a pity that we should stay at ho me when we have _D_____ weather.A. so fineB. so fine aC. such a fineD. such fine145.In the nuclear power station we use __A____ generator ______ is used in the common steam power station.A.the same … asB. such … asC. so … asD. as … As131-135 ADBAC 136-140 DCABD141-145 BACDA 146-150 BCDBA 151-155 BCADC 156-160 ADCBD146.If the city had built more homes for the poor in 1990, the housing problems in that area now ___B__ so serious.A. wouldn’t have beenB. wouldn’t beC. will not have beenD. shouldn’t have been147.The manager recommended that that the product exhibition _C_____ early next month.A. are to be heldB. will be heldC. be heldD. must be held148.___D___ do it myself than try to persuade such a silly fellow like him.A. I’d likeB. I’d like toC. I’d betterD. I’d rather149.It is essential that the application form _B_____ before Friday morning.A. shall be handed inB. be handed inC. will be handed inD. must be handed in150.If I had a bike, I _A_____ it to you yesterday.A. would have lentB. would lendC. would have lendD. could lend 151.Jean thinks that if she __ B____ her job she probably wouldn’t be able to earn so much.A. would have to changeB. were to changeC. has changedD. couldhave changed152.Everybody has arrived. It’s time we __C___ .A. would startB. shall startC. startedD. had start153.Frankly speaking, I’d rather you __A___ anything about it for the time being.A. didn’t doB. have doneC. don’t doD. haven’t done154.Most people come to realize that it is about time the government __D____ further measures to control the population.A. must takeB. is takingC. takesD. took155.Only by shouting at the top of his voice __C____.A. he was able to make himself hearB. he was able to make himself heardC. was he able to make himself heardD. was he able to make himself hear156.Hardly ___A___ his speech when he saw the audience rise as one.A. had he finishedB. did he finishC. he finishedD. he had finished 157.Linda __D_____ at the dance tonight, nor will Peter.A. can’t beB. will beC. may not beD. won’t be158.They have sent all the invitations to their relatives and friends, __C____?A. have theyB. did theyC. haven’t theyD. didn’t they159.You never told us why you were late for the party, __B_____?A. weren’t youB. did youC. had youD. didn’t you160.“__D_____ lately? I have not seen you for quite some time.”A. Where were you goneB. Where did you goC. Where were you goingD. Where have you beenII. Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 12 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, Cand D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet.Passage OneThis is not the world we know. This world is controlled by computers. Men and women can be seen, but they are following orders given to them by machines. The machines were designed by mad scientists, but at some point even the mad scientists were taken over by their super-inventions.Does this sound familiar? You have probably read something like it in magazines or books, or seen it in a film. Why is it so popular? One of the reasons is that it reflects the fears of many people; fear of the unknown, fear of what is not understood or, at least, fear of something that is not completely understood.The fact is that every day it seems that computers take control of another area of our lives. Some factory jobs are now done by robots and the robots are controlled by computers. Our bank accounts are managed by computers. At the airport, our tickets are sold by a computer. Certainly, many of these operations are made more efficient by computers, but our admiration is sometimes mixed with unsafe feelings. And this lack of safety is caused by the fact that we do not know how computers do these things, and we really don’t know what they might do next.But we can find out how computers work, and once we understand them, we can use computers instead of worrying about being used by them. Today, there is a new generation of computer wizards (奇才) who know exactly how computers get things done. These young men and women, usually university students, are happy to sit for hours, sometimes for days, designing programs, not eating, not sleeping, but discovering what can be done by these wonderful slaves which they have learned to control. These computer wizards have learned to use the computer and search for new tasks for their machines.161. We can know that the scientists who designed the machines ___D__________.A. are careless in their daily lifeB. are unkind and cruelC. are out of their mindD. have great abilities162. The reason why many people are afraid of computers is that __B_________.A. they don't know anything about computersB. they haven't really understood computersC. there are so many computer gamesD. computers are often down163. The author mentions computer wizards in order to point out that __A__________.A. computers can be controlled by manB. there should be more people devoted to computersC. only young people are interested in computersD. more time and energy is required to control computers164. This passage is probably written to suggest that ___AC________.A. some day computers can deal with all human problemsB. computers can be used in place of traveling to our jobsC. people should not fear computersD. computer technology will not meet people’s needs in various situations165. The author's attitude (态度) towards widely used computers is____A_____.A. positiveB. anxiousC. worriedD. curious161-165 DBACAPassage TwoKnowledge is power. But there is another thing we must remember. An intelligent mind needs a strong body to make it most useful.There are a great many good exercises for building up our bodies. Many of them may be done indoors in rainy weather. Indoor exercises, however, are never as helpful as those taken out of doors because in the open air there is more oxygen. The air in the house is not fresh. But out of doors it is very fresh, especially in the morning.But what shall we play? There are a number of games such as football, basketball, races and so on. Any game with plenty of exercises is good.Do not neglect your health. It is of as much importance as your mind. Our country now needs people with creative minds, good judgment, and healthy bodies.166. One who has an intelligent mind is _C_____ .A. very strongB. very healthyC. very cleverD. very stupid 167. “An intelligent mind needs a strong body to make it useful.” means __B____ .A. if you want to make your strong body useful, you must have an intelligent mindB. in order to make your intelligent mind useful, you must have a strong bodyC. to make your strong mind and strong body most useful you need a strong bodyD. if you have a strong body you will have a strong mind168. Which of the following statements is true?DA. Indoor exercises are as helpful as outdoor ones.B. Indoor exercises are no more helpful than outdoor exercises.C. Neither indoor exercises nor outdoor exercises are helpful.D. Outdoor exercises are more helpful than indoor ones.169. The air in the house does not remain fresh very long. It’s because _B_____.A. the fresh air can’t come into the house。

23年专升本政治复习题书引言：随着社会的发展和教育的普及，专升本考试成为了众多专科生继续深造的重要途径之一。

政治作为专升本考试的重要组成部分，其复习和准备显得尤为重要。

本复习题书旨在帮助考生系统复习政治理论知识，提高解题技巧，为考试做好充分准备。

第一章：马克思主义哲学原理1. 马克思主义哲学的基本特征是什么？2. 如何理解物质和意识的关系？3. 辩证法和形而上学的主要区别是什么？4. 简述量变和质变的辩证关系。

5. 什么是实践？实践在认识过程中的作用是什么？第二章：政治经济学基础1. 什么是商品？商品的两个基本属性是什么？2. 简述价值规律的内容及其作用。

3. 资本主义经济危机的根源是什么？4. 社会主义市场经济体制的基本特征有哪些？5. 如何理解公有制经济和非公有制经济的关系？第三章：中国特色社会主义理论体系1. 中国特色社会主义理论体系的主要内容是什么？2. 简述社会主义核心价值观的内涵。

3. 什么是“五位一体”总体布局？4. 社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度和分配制度是什么？5. 如何理解全面深化改革的重要性？第四章：中国近现代史纲要1. 简述中国近现代史的分期及其特点。

2. 什么是新民主主义革命？其主要任务是什么？3. 抗日战争胜利的意义是什么？4. 社会主义革命和建设时期，中国取得了哪些重大成就？5. 改革开放以来，中国在哪些方面取得了显著进步？第五章：思想道德修养与法律基础1. 什么是社会主义核心价值观？其重要性体现在哪里？2. 简述公民的基本道德规范。

3. 什么是法律？法律的作用有哪些？4. 简述宪法的地位和作用。

5. 如何理解法治与德治的关系？第六章：时事政治1. 请列举2023年国内外重大时事政治事件。

2. 分析当前国际形势对中国的影响。

3. 简述中国在国际事务中发挥的作用。

4. 什么是“一带一路”倡议？其目的和意义是什么？5. 如何理解构建人类命运共同体的重要性？结语：通过本复习题书的学习，希望能够帮助考生们对专升本政治科目有一个全面而深入的理解。