➢ Note: Market to book ratio (or “Tobin’s Q” ratio) >1 if
market expects firm to take on positive NPV projects (i.e. firm has significant “growth opportunities”)
acquisition premia of “similar” transactions)
MBA1 Finance
Discounted Cash Flow Valuation
➢ What cash flow to discount?
➢ Investors in stock receive dividends, or periodic cash distributions from the firm, and capital gains on re-sale of stock in future
= uninvested capital + present value of cash flows from all future projects for the firm
➢ Note: This recognizes that not all capital may be
currently used to invest in projects
➢ Discounted cash flow (DCF) approaches
➢ Dividend discount model ➢ Free cash flows to equity model (direct approach) ➢ Free cash flows to the firm model (indirect approach)