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英语数字基数词序数词The English language is known for its rich and diverse vocabulary, and one aspect of this is the use of numbers. In English, we have two main types of numbers: cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers. Cardinal numbers are the basic counting numbers, such as one, two, three, and so on, while ordinal numbers are used to indicate position or order, such as first, second, third, and so on. Understanding the differences and proper usage of these two types of numbers is important for effective communication in English.Cardinal numbers are the most fundamental and commonly used numbers in the English language. They are used to represent quantity and are the numbers we typically use for counting, measuring, and quantifying things. Cardinal numbers start with the number one and continue in a sequence, with each number being one more than the previous number. For example, one, two, three, four, five, and so on. These numbers can be used in a variety of contexts, such as when stating the number of people in a room, the amount of money in a bank account, or the number of days in a week.One interesting aspect of cardinal numbers in English is the way they are formed. The numbers from one to ten are all unique words, such as one, two, three, four, and so on. However, for numbers greater than ten, the formation of the words becomes more complex. For example, the number eleven is formed by combining the word "ten" with the word "one," resulting in "eleven." Similarly, the number twelve is formed by combining "ten" and "two," resulting in "twelve." This pattern continues for the numbers up to nineteen, with each number being a unique word that combines "ten" with the corresponding number from one to nine.For numbers greater than nineteen, the formation of cardinal numbers becomes even more complex. These numbers are formed by combining the words for the tens (twenty, thirty, forty, and so on) with the words for the ones (one, two, three, and so on). For example, the number twenty-three is formed by combining the word "twenty" with the word "three." This pattern continues for all the numbers up to one hundred, and then the process repeats for the hundreds, thousands, and so on.Ordinal numbers, on the other hand, are used to indicate position or order. They are used to describe the position of something in a sequence, such as first, second, third, and so on. Ordinal numbers are typically formed by adding the suffix "-th" to the end of thecorresponding cardinal number, with some exceptions. For example, the ordinal number for the cardinal number one is "first," the ordinal number for the cardinal number two is "second," and the ordinal number for the cardinal number three is "third."There are a few exceptions to this rule, however. For example, the ordinal numbers for the numbers one, two, and three are "first," "second," and "third," respectively, rather than "oneth," "twoth," and "threeth." Additionally, the ordinal numbers for the numbers eleven and twelve are "eleventh" and "twelfth," rather than "eleventh" and "twelveth."Another interesting aspect of ordinal numbers in English is the way they are used in dates and other contexts. For example, when referring to a specific day of the month, we typically use ordinal numbers, such as "the first of January" or "the fifteenth of March." Similarly, when referring to a person's position in a sequence, such as in a race or a competition, we use ordinal numbers, such as "first place" or "third place."In addition to their use in dates and competitions, ordinal numbers can also be used in other contexts, such as when describing the position of something in a list or sequence. For example, we might say "the fourth item on the list" or "the tenth chapter in the book."Overall, the use of cardinal and ordinal numbers in English is an important aspect of the language that requires careful attention and practice. Understanding the differences between these two types of numbers and how to use them correctly is essential for effective communication in a wide range of contexts, from everyday conversations to academic and professional settings.。
第四章数词Chapter 4 Numerals4.1 基数词和序数词(Cardinal and ordinal numbers) |4.2 | 4.3 | 4.4 | top |数词（NUMERAL）可分为基数词（CARDINAL NUMERAL）和序数词（ORDINAL NUMERAL）。
基数词表示数目；序数词表示顺序。
4.1.1 基数词和序数词对照表我们常见的数字所对应的基数词和序数词分别为：yizhi4.1.2 部分基数词和序数词的读法和写法a. 0在英国英语中经常读作naught。
在美英中读成zero更普遍一些。
在读出一连串的数词（如电话和门牌号码）时，0经常读作oh。
例如：--Extension 5076 读作five oh seven six。
b. 基数1-12是独立的单词，13-19在对应的3-9单词后加-teen, 其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen有变化,13-19的基数词都有两个重音。
20-90之间的十位整数都以-ty结尾。
21-99由十位整数加个位数，拼写时中间用连字符"-"。
例如：--twenty-one。
c. 当文字表达大于100的数字时，在百位（或百位以上）和十位（如无十位则在个位）之间加and。
例如101写成one hundred and one, 150写成one hundred and fifty。
d. 对于百位以上的数字可有不同的读法。
例如250可读作two hundred and fifty, two fifty, two fiveoh；1100可读作one thousand one hundred, eleven hundred。
e. 千位以上的阿拉伯数字从后往前每隔三位用一分节号（或空白字符）隔开。
它们所对应的文字表达中没有"万""亿"这样的单词，而是以thousand, million, billion等为单位。
一、数的表达（Numbers）(一)整数（Integers）数是数学中最基础的一部分，同样的，了解数的英文表达方式也是探究初等数学英文表达的首要一步。
在数的系统中，包括实数和虚数。
在英文中可以表述为：The sets of numbers consist of real numbers and pure imagi nary numbers.在这里，将重点对实数中的有理数部分进行研究，从整数和分数两部分，对数的表达加以说明。
1.整数的表达（Expression of Integers）整数包括自然数和负整数。
分别表示为natural numbers an d negative integers.现与中文中的整数表达进行对比，对英文中数的写法与读法加以说明。
英文中从个位开始从左到右，每三位数读作为一组，用“，”隔开。
对于含有4位数或大于4位数的整数，分为若干组或节，中间用逗号隔开。
与中文相同，英文中整数的读法是从左到右读每一个数。
遇到一个逗号，都有一个相应的名称可读，从右起第一个逗号前为“千”，读作“thousand”；第二个逗号前为“百万”，读作“million”；第三个逗号前为“十亿”，读作“billion”；第四个逗号前为“兆”，读作“trillion”。
例如：35,896,732,546,285英文读作：thirty-five trillion eight hundred and ninety-six billion seven hundred and thirty-two million five hundred a nd forty-six thousand two hundred and eight-five.2.基数和序数（Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers）在英语中表示数目“多少”的数字叫做基数。
基数的读法规则有以下几条：(1)21-99的基数，先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字号。
高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求(试行一、适用对象本教学基本要求适用于高职高专教育 (即普通高等专科教育、高等职业教育和成人高等专科教育非英语专业的学生。
学生入学时一般应掌握基本的英语语音和语法知识,认知英语单词 1000个(较低要求 -1600个(标准要求,在听、说、读、写、译等方面受过初步的训练。
二、教学目的高职高专教育英语课程的教学目的是:经过 180-220学时的教学,使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识和技能,具有一定的听、说、读、写、译的能力,从而能借助词典阅读和翻译有关英语业务资料, 在涉外交际的日常活动和业务活动中进行简单的口头和书面交流,并为今后进一步提高英语的交际能力打下基础。
三、教学要求鉴于目前高职、高专和成人高专学生入学时的英语水平差异较大, 本课程的教学要求分为 A 、 B 两级,实行分级指导。
A 级是标准要求, B 级是过渡要求。
入学水平较高的学生应达到 A 级要求,入学水平较低的学生至少应达到 B 级要求。
随着入学英语水平的不断提高,学生均应达到 A 级要求。
本课程在加强英语语言基础知识和基本技能训练的同时, 重视培养学生实际使用英语进行交际的能力。
通过本课程的学习,学生应该达到下列要求:1. 词汇A 级:认知 3400个英语单词(包括入学时要求掌握的 1600个词以及由这些词构成的常用词组,对其中 2000个左右的单词能正确拼写,英汉互译。
学生还应结合专业英语学习,认知 400个专业英语词汇。
B 级:认知 2500个英语单词(包括入学时要求掌握的 1000个词以及由这些词构成的常用词组,对其中 1500左右的单词能正确拼写,英汉互译。
2. 语法掌握基本的英语语法规则,在听、说、读、写、译中能正确运用所学语法知识。
3. 听力A 级:能听懂日常和涉外业务活动中使用的结构简单、发音清楚、语速较慢 (每分钟 120词左右的英语对话和不太复杂的陈述,理解基本正确。
B 级:能听懂涉及日常交际的结构简单、发音清楚、语速较慢(每分钟 110词左右的英语简短对话和陈述,理解基本正确。
初学英语数词知识点总结Numbers are an important part of language and communication. In English, numbers are used to express quantities, measure objects, tell time, and represent mathematical operations. As a beginner in learning English, understanding the basics of numbers and their usage is essential. In this article, we will discuss the basic concepts of English numbers, including cardinal and ordinal numbers, fractions, decimals, and percentages. We will also explore how to pronounce and write numbers, as well as how to use them in different contexts.Cardinal NumbersCardinal numbers are used to represent quantity or count. They are used to answer questions like "How many?" or "How much?" Cardinal numbers are used to count objects, people, events, and so on. In English, cardinal numbers are used for counting from one to infinity.The first ten cardinal numbers are:1 – One2 – Two3 – Three4 – Four5 – Five6 – Six7 – Seven8 – Eight9 – Nine10 – TenAfter ten, the pattern of naming numbers repeats. For example, 11 is "eleven", 12 is "twelve", and so on.There are certain irregularities when naming numbers. For example, 13 is "thirteen", not "threeteen", and 15 is "fifteen", not "fiveteen". It is important to memorize these irregularities as you learn the numbers.Pronunciation of Cardinal NumbersPronouncing cardinal numbers correctly is important for effective communication. Here are some basic rules for pronouncing cardinal numbers in English:1. For numbers that end with "1" to "9", the pronunciation is fairly straightforward. For example, "eight" is pronounced as "ayt", "seven" is pronounced as "sev-uhn", and so on.2. For numbers from 10 to 20, some irregularities exist. For example, "eleven" is pronounced as "ih-leh-vuhn", "twelve" is pronounced as "twelv".3. For numbers above 20, the general pattern is to combine the tens digit and the ones digit. For example, 23 is pronounced as "twen-tee-three", 46 is pronounced as "for-tee-six", and so on.4. Some numbers have irregular pronunciations, such as 30 (thir-tee), 40 (for-tee), 50 (fif-tee), 60 (six-tee), 70 (sev-uhn-tee), 80 (ey-tee), and 90 (nine-tee).Writing Cardinal NumbersIn writing, cardinal numbers from one to nine are usually spelled out, while numbers from 10 and above are written as numerals. For example, "three students" but "15 students". There are some exceptions to this rule, such as when writing years, percentages, and measurements.Ordinal NumbersOrdinal numbers are used to indicate the position or order of an item in a sequence. They are used to answer questions like "What is the first/second/third item?" In English, ordinal numbers are formed by adding "-th" to the cardinal number. For example, "one" becomes "first", "two" becomes "second", "three" becomes "third", and so on.The first twelve ordinal numbers are:1st - First2nd - Second3rd - Third4th - Fourth5th - Fifth6th - Sixth7th - Seventh8th - Eighth9th - Ninth10th - Tenth11th - Eleventh12th - TwelfthFrom 13 onwards, the ordinal numbers are formed by adding "-th" to the cardinal number. For example, 13th is "thirteenth", 14th is "fourteenth", and so on.Pronunciation of Ordinal NumbersThe pronunciation of ordinal numbers follows the same patterns as cardinal numbers. However, it is important to note that the suffix "-th" is pronounced as "th" (as in "third" and "twelfth") and not as "-th" (as in "eighth" and "tenth").Writing Ordinal NumbersIn writing, ordinal numbers are usually represented using numerals followed by the appropriate suffix. For example, 4th, 11th, 21st, and so on. However, when writing formal documents, ordinal numbers may be spelled out in full (e.g., first, second, third) to maintain a formal tone.FractionsFractions are used to represent part of a whole. They are written in the format of numerator/denominator, where the numerator represents the part being considered, and the denominator represents the total number of equal parts in the whole. For example, ½represents one half, ¾ represents three quarters, and so on.Pronunciation of FractionsFractions are pronounced by stating the numerator and then the denominator. For example, ¾ is pronounced as "three quarters", ½ is pronounced as "one half", and so on.Writing FractionsFractions are typically written using numerals, with the numerator placed above the denominator and separated by a horizontal line. For example, ¾, ½, and so on.DecimalsDecimals are used to represent numbers that are not whole. They are written in the format of a whole number followed by a decimal point and one or more digits. For example, 3.14 represents the number three and fourteen hundredths, 0.5 represents the number zero and five tenths, and so on.Pronunciation of DecimalsDecimals are pronounced by stating each digit individually. For example, 3.14 is pronounced as "three point one four", 0.5 is pronounced as "zero point five", and so on. Writing DecimalsDecimals are typically written using numerals, with the decimal point separating the whole number part from the fractional part. For example, 3.14, 0.5, and so on.PercentagesPercentages are used to represent a fraction of 100. They are written in the format of a number followed by the percentage symbol (%). For example, 50% represents fifty percent, 25% represents twenty-five percent, and so on.Pronunciation of PercentagesPercentages are pronounced by stating the number followed by the word "percent". For example, 50% is pronounced as "fifty percent", 25% is pronounced as "twenty-five percent". Writing PercentagesPercentages are typically written using numerals followed by the percentage symbol (%). For example, 50%, 25%, and so on.ConclusionUnderstanding the basic concepts of numbers in English is essential for effective communication. By mastering cardinal and ordinal numbers, fractions, decimals, and percentages, you will be able to express quantities, measurements, and mathematical operations accurately. Additionally, being able to pronounce and write numbers correctly will ensure clear and effective communication in both spoken and written English. As you continue to practice and use numbers in different contexts, you will develop a strong command of this fundamental aspect of the English language.。
