高考英语总复习-专题议论文素能特训(附答案)

考点巩固卷4阅读理解之议论文2023年高考真题【2023▪全国乙卷】If you want to tell the history of the whole world,a history that does not privilege one part of humanity,you cannot do it through texts alone,because only some of the world has ever had texts,while most of the world,for most of the time,has not.Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements,and until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的)societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects,and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,but in many cases we simply can’t.The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict,at Botany Bay,between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals.From the English side,we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day.From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield(盾)dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day,the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides,there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted,especially when only the victors know how to write.Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories.The Caribbean Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people of Benin and the Incas,all of whom appear in this book,can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made:a history told through things gives them back a voice.When we consider contact(联系)between literate and non-literate societies such as these,all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted,only one half of a dialogue.If we are to find the other half of that conversation,we have to read not just the texts,but the objects.32.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.How past events should be presented.B.What humanity is concerned about.C.Whether facts speak louder than words.D.Why written language is reliable.33.What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph2?A.His report was scientific.B.He represented the local people.C.He ruled over Botany Bay.D.His record was one-sided.34.What does the underlined word“conversation”in paragraph3refer to?A.Problem.B.History.C.Voice.D.Society.135.Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?A.How Maps Tell Stories of the WorldB.A Short History of AustraliaC.A History of the World in100ObjectsD.How Art Works Tell Stories【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。

专题18 阅读之议论文【考纲解读】议论文在近几年考试中出现的不多，但是也有。

所以考生在平时的训练中也需复习。

以下是近年真题和模拟试题训练，考生可以集中复习。

提升训练1.【2020年1月浙江卷】Today’s world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence (毅力), a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time, the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.“T here are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers,” Padilla-Walker said. “This research als o helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence —which can be taught —are key to a child’s life success.”Researchers determined that dads need to practice an “authoritative”parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian: rigid, demanding or controlling. Rather, an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father; responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed; children are given an appropriate level of autonomy (自主权).In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school.This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence, which is an avenue of future research.27. What is special about the BYU professors’ study?A. It centered on fathers’ role in parenting.B. It was based on a number of large families.C. It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.D. It aimed to improve kids’ achievement in school.28. What would an authoritative father do when raising his children?A. Ignore their demands.B. Make decisions for them.C. Control their behaviors.D. Explain the rules to them.29. Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?A. Single parents.B. Children aged from 11 to 14.C. Authoritarian fathers.D. Mothers in two-parent homes.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative FathersB. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in FutureC. Children Tend to Learn Determination from FatherD. Family Relationship Influences School Performance【参考答案】27. A 推理判断题根据第一段最后一句Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.可知，该大学研究的是父亲在家庭中对孩子毅力品格的养成起着重要作用。

议论文建议用时：45分钟Ⅰ.完形填空[2015·南京盐城质检二]Why do young adult children become independent so much later than they did in 1970,when the average age of independent living was 21 Why have reduced class sizes and increased per-pupil expenditures (花销) not __1__ higher academic achievement levels Why is the mental health of today's kids so poor when __2__ with that of children in the 1960s and before Why do today's __3__ become defensive when told by teachers that their children have misbehaved in school The answer in two words: parental __4__. Those two words best summarize the __5__ between “old” child raising and new, post-1960s parenting. Then, the overall philosophy was that parents were not to be __6__ involved with their kids. They were available __7__ crisis, but they stood a (an) __8__ distance from their kids and allowed them to experience the benefits of the trial-and-error process. It was the child's __9__， back then, to keep his or her parents from getting involved. That was __10__ children learned to be responsible and determined.Today's parents help their kids with almost everything. These are parents who are __11__ when it comes to an understanding of their purpose in their kids' lives. Their involvement leads them to personalize everything that happens to their kids; __12__， the defensiveness. But given that schools and mental health professionals have been pushing parent involvement for nearly four decades, the confusion and defensiveness are __13__.University researchers analyzed three decades of data relating to parents' participation in children's academics. Their conclusions __14__ what I've been saying since the 1980s: parental help with homework __15__ a child's academic achievement and is not reflected on standardized tests.Parents who manage a child's social life interfere with the __16__ of good social skills. Parents who manage a child's after-school activities grow kids who don't know how to __17__ their own free time. Parents who get involved in their kids, __18__ with peers grow kids who don't know how to avoid much less trouble.These kids have anxieties and fears of all sorts and don't want to leave their __19__. And their parents, when the time comes, don't know how to __20__ being parents. You can imagine what will become of their future.本文是一篇关于家庭教育的文章。

议论文作文本节内容一、议论文高考写作要求议论文是高考书面表达常考体裁，文章以议论为主，通过摆事实、讲道理等方法，对客观事物进行评述或议论，以阐明作者的观点与主张，说服别人。

议论文在内容上必须有论点、论据和论证三要素，在结构上要有引言、正文和结论三部分。

二、议论文的写作步骤1. 引言(introduction)．由于英语作文受时间.字数的限制．因此，审清题意之后在引言段中作者就必须简单解释要讨论的问题，并明白地亮出自己的观点，如提倡什么，支持什么，反对什么．2. 主体段（main body）．主体段是议论的过程，作者必须有足够的证据（adequate proofs）来论证自己的观点．一般可提出一个或两个proofs, 并对此用一两句话分别进行阐述．3. 结论（conclusion）．结论段可以用一两句话来结束文章．同时要注意与引言段呼应，但不能照搬前面的原话．三、议论文高考常用写作模板1、对比观点型:要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。

1. 有一些人认为……2. 另一些人认为……3. 我的看法……模版There is a widespread concern over (the issue that)——(作文题目). But it is widely acknowledged that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that——(观点一). In their view, there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows. In the first place, ——(原因一). In the second place,——(原因二). So it goes without saying that——( 观点一). People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that——(观点二). In their point of view, for one thing, ——(原因一). For another, ——(原因二). Therefore, there is no doubt that——(观点二).As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that——(观点一或二). It is not only because ——(原因一), but also because——(原因二). The more—— , the more——.2、谚语警句型:要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述。

完形填空专题特训20 议论文ATrueHappinessTruly happy and successful people get that way by becoming the best,most genuine(真实的) version of themselves.Not on the outside—on the inside.It’s not about a brand or a 1 .It’s about reality:who you really are.Sounds simple,I know.The problem is,it’s ve ry hard to do,and it can take a lifetime to 2 it out.3 worth doing in life is ever easy.And you’re going to have to break out of your comfort zone and take some4 that will scare you so much.But what’s the5 of life if not finding yourself and trying to become the best?That’s what Steve Jobs 6 when he said:Your time is7 ,so don’t waste it living someone else’s life.Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions 8 your own inner voice.You have to 9 something—your gut(直觉),fate,life,or 10 .This 11has never let me down,and it has made all the difference in my life.Now,let’s for a moment be12 about this.Insightful as that advice may be,it sounds a little too 13 to resonate (共鸣)with today’s quick-fix culture.These days,if you can’t tell peopl e exactly what to do and how to do it,it 14 deaf ears.Not only that,but what Jobs was talking about,what I’m talking about,requires focus and discipline,two things that are very hard to 15 these days.Why?Because focus and discipline arehard.It’s so m uch easier to 16 to distraction(分心).Easy and addictive.When you choose one course of action,you miss out on all the other opportunities you might have chosen to 17 butdidn’t.People 18 stop to consider that until it’s too late.And yet,the opportunity for adventure is right there in front of each and every one of us.Until you take it,you’ll never knowwhat you might 19 .All you have to do is to 20 the journey.So,take action!1.A.personality B.qualityC.talentD.reputation2.A.put B.leaveC.figureD.check3.A.Everything B.AnythingC.SomethingD.Nothing4.A.rewards B.chancesC.advantagesD.responsibilities5.A.aim B.senseC.effectD.result6.A.planned B.meantC.mentionedrmed7.A.endless B.abundantC.randomD.limited8.A.drown out B.cater forC.submit toD.dance to9.A.trust B.denyC.admireD.forget10.A.however B.whicheverC.wheneverD.whatever11.A.truth B.approachC.imaginationD.action12.A.realistic B.enthusiasticC.energeticD.optimistic13.A.challenging B.dynamicC.fragileD.consistent14.A.turns out B.brings aboutC.falls onD.involves ine by B.stand byC.look forD.care for16.A.get down B.give inC.give riseD.pay attention17.A.preserve B.createC.pursueD.abandon18.A.frequently B.rarelyC.activelyD.passively19.A.achieve B.surviveC.believeD.relieve20.A.enjoy B.expectC.designD.startBA lot of people always wait and wait for a proper chance to do things that bring them good until it is too late. 1 ?I t’s just because they haven’t 2 it,don’t have it on their schedule,don’t know it is coming or they are too rigid(死板的) to3 their routine.I cannot 4 the times I called my elder sister and said,“How about going to lunch in half an hour?” She would 5 and say,“I can’t.I have clothes on the line.My hair is 6 .I wish I had known yesterday.I had a 7 breakfast.It looks like rain.” She died a few years ago.We 8 had lunch together.We like making promises to 9 .We’ll go back and visit the grandparents when we get Steve toilet-trained.We’ll entertain when we 10 the living-room carpet.We’ll go on a second honeymoon when we get two more 11 out of college.So we have to 12 .However,as we get older,the days get 13 ,and the list of promises gets longer.One morning,we wake up and find that all we have to show for our 14 is a list of “I’m going to”,“I 15 on”,and “Someday,when things are settled down a bit”.But some people are 16 ,and my friend Linda is one of them.When anyone calls my seize-the-moment friend,she is open to adventures and available for 17 .She keeps an open mind on new 18 .Her enthusiasm for life is contagious(传染的).You talk with her for five minutes,and you’re 19 to change your way of life.Now go on and have a nice day.Do something you 20 to,not something on your SHOULD-DO list.1.A.Where B.WhenC.HowD.Why2.A.turned to B.referred toC.thought aboutD.looked at3.A.show B.coverC.improveD.leave4.A.count B.changeC.proveD.increase5.A.struggle B.refuseC.thinkD.agree6.A.attractive B.shortC.dirtyD.beautiful7.A.bad B.home-madeC.simplete8.A.ever B.neveruallyD.sometimes9.A.ourselves B.youC.themD.her10.A.move B.replaceC.receiveD.find11.A.brothers B.parentsC.kidsD.neighbors12.A.explain B.suggestC.tryD.wait13.A.hotter B.betterC.fewerD.more14.A.actions B.livesC.pastcation15.A.plan B.goC.settleD.focus16.A.helpful B.importantC.differentD.interesting17.A.schedules B.thinkingC.houseworkD.trips18.A.times B.ideasC.booksD.friends19.A.ready B.sadC.boredD.scared20.A.ask B.pretendC.hateD.wantCThere is an old saying that states,“You are what you eat.”1 this might be true,I think a better and truer statement would be,“You are wha t you2 .” Words have power that is3 by few things in this world.A few simple4 strung together can lift someone up or knock them5 .If we choose to go around saying6 things,I think we will lead more positive lives.7 ,if we go around saying negative things to people,8 can we ever eore positive life?Negative words and thoughts9 a negative life.There is another 10 that I hear all the time and I think is the most dangerous of all—“I can’t even imagine...”.By saying those 11 words,you are 12 any chance of success.You are also 13 yourself in a mindset(心态) that you will never achieve it.But maybe,if we can make a slight 14 inour mindset and 15 the words we speak,we can turn some of that negativity in our lives into positivity.Many professional athletes use this kind of positive 16 to achieve their goals.Athletes will often 17 themselves lifting the championship trophy(奖杯)long before the time actually comes.You would 18 be able to find a champion athlete who says the words,“I can’t even imagine...”.Don’t ever say that you can’t 19 something.With a little work,you can imagine it and with a little more work,you might just make it into a 20 !1.A.While B.AsC.BecauseD.Unless2.A.do B.sayC.expectD.eatched D.handled4.A.ways B.testsC.ideasD.words5.A.up B.downC.offD.back6.A.terrible B.surprisingC.discouragingD.positive7.A.In fact B.What’s moreC.In turnD.On the other hand8.A.how B.whyC.whatD.when9.A.live B.developC.saveD.refuse10.A.saying B.articleC.storyD.note11.A.boring B.harshC.simpleD.eissing D.increasing13.A.relaxing B.puttingC.enjoyingD.cheating14.A.mistake B.suggestionC.changeD.decision15.A.watch B.forgetC.ignoreD.praise16.A.role B.thinkingC.characterD.advice17.A.picture B.hearC.keepD.notice18.A.often B.evenC.neverD.still19.A.doubt B.tolerateC.denyD.imagine20.A.dream B.realityC.goalD.promise答案：A【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。

阅读理解议论文考点1 人与自我型议论文【2021新课标I卷】Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and othersinterested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.32. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligenceA. It can be measured by an IQ test.B. It helps to exercise a person's mind.C. It includes a set of emotional skills.D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.33. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2A. To explain a rule.B. To clarify a concept.C. To present a fact.D. To make a prediction.34. What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligenceA. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligenceA. Its appeal to the public.B. Expectations for future studies.C. Its practical application.D. Scientists with new perspectives.【答案】322-35 DBAB【导读】本文是一篇议论文。

2021高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题3完形填空文体3议论文和说明文说明文素能强化真题题组1(2020·安徽) In our modern world，when something wears out，we throw it away and buy a new one. The __1. D__ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of __2. B__ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we __3. B__ a throwaway society？ First of all，it is now easier to __4. C__ an object than to spend time and money to repair it. __5. A__ modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and __6. C__ .Another cause is our __7. A__ of disposable (一次性的) products. As __8. D__ people，we are always looking for __9. A__ to save time and make our lives easier. Companies __10. C__ thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few.Our appetite for new products also __11. D__ to the problem. We are __12. B__ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that __13. A__ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we __14. D__ useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world，we can see the __15. D__ of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To __16. C__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the __17. B__ ，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. __18. A__ ，this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions __19. D__ throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about __20. A__ . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.文章大意：本文是说明文。

专题19 阅读理解（议论文）1.（2023年福建省泉州第五中学高考模拟试题）Technology seems to discourage slow reading. Reading on screens tires eyes easily. So online writing is more skimmable than print. The neuroscientist Mary Walt argued this “new norm” of skim reading is producing “an invisible, dramatic transformation” in how readers process words. And brains now favor rapid absorption of information, rather than skills developed by deeper reading, like critical analysis.We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as we learn to read more skillfully. And fears about declining attention spans have proved to be false alarms. “Some critics worry about attention span and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline, ” The American author Selvin wrote. “But nobody ever said poems were evidence of short attention spans. ”Yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. First, it means there’s more to read, because more people than ever are writing. And digital writing means rapid release and response. Once published, online articles start forming a comment string underneath. Such mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun, but is probably lacking in profound reflection.Perhaps we should slow down. Reading is constantly promoted as a source of personal achievement. But this advocacy emphasizes “enthusiastic” or “eager” reading — neither suggest slow absorption. To a slow reader, a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in their slow comprehension of words. The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he’s done and just enjoys how his body feels and moves in water.The human need for this kind of deep reading is too determined for any new technology to destroy. We often assume technological change can’t be stopped, so older media are kicked out by newer, more virtual forms. In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle hasn’t killed off printed books any more than cars killed off bicycles. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.1．What is the author’s attitude towards Selvin’s opinion?A．Favorable.B．Critical.C．Doubtful.D．Objective.2．Which statement would the author probably agree with?A．Advocacy of passionate reading helps promote slow reading.B．Digital writing and reading tends to ignore careful reflection.C．We should be aware of the impact skimming has on the brain.D．The number of Internet readers declines due to technology.3．Why is “swimmer” mentioned in paragraph 4?A．To demonstrate how to immerse oneself in thought.B．To stress swimming differs from reading.C．To show slow reading is better than fast reading.D．To illustrate what slow reading is like.4．Which would be the best title for the passage?A．Slow Reading is Here to StayB．Technology Prevents Slow ReadingC．Reflections on Deep ReadingD．The Wonder of Deep Reading【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A【导语】这是一篇议论文。

高考英语一轮复习议论文解题技巧知识点1：议论文概述1.文体概述议论文也就是说理性的文章, 通常由论点、论据、论证过程和结论组成。

作者往往根据一些很普通的事实，通过严谨的思维，缜密的推理得出一个具有普遍性或指导性的观点。

该类文章逻辑性强，命题往往从事实的有关细节以及文章的主旨或作者的表达意图等方面着手，考查我们的思维能力和判断能力。

2.语篇特点为了突出写作目的, 作者常在文章开头就提出论点, 以便读者对作者观点有一个比较清晰的了解。

提出论点之后, 作者就会提供论据来论证论点是否正确。

作者可以用来论证的方法较多, 最为常见的方法是正反论证, 这样的论证思路清晰, 观点明确, 说服力强, 震憾度高。

论证结束之后, 作者常就论点是否正确提出明确结论, 它体现作者的写作目的和文章的现实意义。

也就是说, 议论文一般会按提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的逻辑顺序来安排层次。

3.主要题型从近几年的高考英语试题来看，议论文类阅读理解的命题类型主要有：1)主旨题：考查考生对于议论文基本观点的理解，是主旨题设题的目的。

做这种类型的题目要弄清作者想说什么，即作者写此文章的目的。

2)推理判断题：这种题型的特点是以事实为依据，但其结果又绝不是事实本身。

它主要测试考生的逻辑思维能力，侧重于推理。

3)细节题：细节题也是议论文试题的主要题型。

这种题要求考生理解文中的具体观点和具体事实。

4)词义理解题。

英语词语的词意非常丰富，语境不同，词意也不同，要专心揣摩在上下文中第 1 页共18 页的含义。

4. 解题技巧第一，抓论点、寻论据。

阅读议论文我们要抓住论题，即作者提出的观点、给出的例证及最后得出的结论。

抓住了论题，我们就把握了中心。

第二，注重文章结构，理清文章脉络。

把握文章结构，有利于对文章大意的理解。

从论证方法上讲，常见的议论文结构有以下两类：1. Put forward a question →Analyze the question →Solve the question这就是“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”的过程。

争论文阅读提分策略专项练习ABlind imitation (仿照) is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a ch ild’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they ar e cheering me on.”1. Imitation proves useful when you .A. know you are uniqueB. lose the balance of lifeC. begin to learn something newD. get tired of routine practice2. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should .A. forget daily fear and painB. choose the right exampleC. ask others for decisionsD. stay away from stars3. According to the author, the world moves on because of those who are .A. desperate to influence others with their knowledge.B. ready to turn their original ideas into realityC. eager to discover what their ancestors didD. willing to accept others’ ideas4. The trouble a creator faces is .A. the lack of strong motivationB. the absence of practical ideasC. how to search for more materialsD. how to use imagination creatively5. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A. To highlight the importance of creatively.B. To criticize the characters of role models.C. To compare imitation with creation.D. To explain the meaning of success.BA recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude toward science, also suggests a widespread worry that it may be “running out of control”. This idea is dangerous.Science can be a force for evil as well as for good. Its applications can be channeled either way, depending on our decisions. The decisions we make, personally or collectively, will determine the outcomes of science. But here is a real danger. Science is advancing so fast and is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference. And, rather than fighting for the best possible policies, we may step back and do nothing.Some people go even further. hey say that despite the moral and legal objections (反对), whatever is scientifically possible will be done—somewhere, sometime. They believe that science will get out of control in the end. This belief is dangerous too, because it fuels a sense of hopelessness and discourages them from making efforts to build a safer world.In our interconnected world, the lack of agreement in and out of the world of science can lead to the failure to control the use of science. Without a common understanding, the challenges of “controlling” science in this century will be really tough. Take human cloning for example. Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact (影响) on traditional moral values, some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques. The outcomes are hard to predict.Therefore, discussions on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies. Only through the united efforts of people with hope, can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future.6. What can we conclude from the recent study?A. People think highly of science.B. People hold mixed opinions about science.C. Science is getting dangerously out of control.D. Science is used for both good and bad purposes.7. According to the passage, what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control?A. The development of science will hopelessly slow down.B. Businesses will have even greater influence on science.C. The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future.D. People will work more actively to put science under control.8. The discussion should reach beyond scientific societies because .A. scientists have failed to predict the outcomesB. the ties between different areas need strengtheningC. united efforts are necessary for the development of scienceD. people need to work together to prevent the bad use of science9. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Science and its applications bring us many dangers.B. The development of science mostly lies in peo ple’s attitudes.C. Mankind can largely take control of science with their efforts.D. The future of science will be influenced by the dangerous ideas.争论文阅读提分策略专项练习参考答案A【语篇解读】本文为争论文。