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蚯蚓粪复合基质在蔬菜育苗中的应用效果研究摘要为了节省泥炭资源，提高蔬菜育苗质量和降低育苗成本，拟探讨将一定比例的蚯蚓粪团粒配入复合基质，以替代泥炭资源加以利用。
以番茄为供试作物进行育苗试验，观测、比较蚯蚓粪替代泥炭比例对番茄幼苗生长的影响。
结果表明：在复合基质中，配入20%～80%的蚯蚓粪团粒部分或全部替代泥炭，对番茄幼苗生长具有良好的促进作用，其中以配入40%～60%蚯蚓粪团粒的配方育苗效果最佳。
在40 d的试验期间，配入40%～80%蚯蚓粪团粒的处理番茄幼苗多项生理指标均显著优于未添加蚯蚓粪的泥炭基质对照。
综合各方面因素，可将泥炭∶蚯蚓粪∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=2∶6∶1∶1作为临海市番茄育苗基质的建议配方。
关键词蚯蚓粪；基质；番茄；育苗随着我国设施农业的迅速发展，番茄作为营养丰富且符合我国大部分地区消费习惯的蔬菜作物种类，种植面积正日益扩大，在蔬菜市场供应中发挥了积极作用。
为了适应番茄大面积种植需求，番茄育苗逐渐走向工厂化、规模化、商品化[1-4]。
基质育苗是蔬菜育苗采用机械化、工厂化、标准化生产的主要物质载体，优质育苗基质的使用，不仅可以降低育苗的工作强度，还能为苗壮苗齐、缩短育苗时间创造条件[5-7]。
育苗基质往往疏松多孔，透性良好，透气持水，有利于种子发芽与幼苗根系生长发育，保证移栽定植后缓苗期短，成活率高[8-9]。
作为育苗基质常用材料之一的泥炭，因为其良好的理化性质而被广泛推荐使用，但泥炭资源是不可再生资源，过多开采利用往往会引起产地生态环境的破坏。
近年来，采用理化性状同样优良的其他材料替代泥炭，加工生产高品质育苗基质，正越来越受到关注[10-11]。
蚯蚓粪是利用蚯蚓吞食禽畜粪便等生物质废弃物产生的团粒物质，含有作物所需的氮、磷、钾等多种大量、中量和微量营养元素，并含有丰富的有机质和多种能促进作物生长的作物活性物质，养分种类多，供应均衡，既能为作物直接提供营养，又能间接改良土壤环境。
将蚓粪团粒作为肥料应用于番茄等蔬菜作物生产，可以增强作物抗逆能力，提高作物产量和作物产品品质，包括营养品质和外观品质等[12-14]。
施用蚯蚓粪对西瓜品质及根际土壤理化性状的影响昝林生;苏厚谊【期刊名称】《生物灾害科学》【年(卷),期】2014(000)002【摘要】Vermicompost was an important organic amendment that regulated the functional properties of agricultural systems. However, there was little information on the effect of vermicompost coapplied with inorganic fertilizer on the ecological environment at rhizosphere soil and yield of watermelon. Considering the benefits of vermicompost, a field experiment was conducted to determine whether the vermicompostcoapplied with inorganic ferti lizer benefits the ecological environment of watermelon rhizosphere soil. There were four treatments in the field experiment, CK (neither urea nor vermicompost was applied), CF (100%of nitrogen was provided by urea), VC (100%of nitrogen was provided by vermicompost), and VC+CF (50%and 50%of nitrogen was provided by vermicompost and urea, respectively). The study was conducted to determine the effects of vermicompost coapplied with inorganic fertilizer on soil phychemical properties, enzyme activities at r hizosphere soil and yield as well as quality of watermelon. The results showed that compared to the CF treatment, the VC+CF treatment significantly decreased the pH value and apparently increased the contents of available N, available P and available K, as well as EC value in rhizosphere soil. At the same time, theactivity of urease enzyme, catalase enzyme, polyphenol oxidase enzyme and invertase enzyme in VC+CF treatment was also improved, showing 51.13%, 17.19% and 12.84% increases on urease enzyme activity than in CK, CF and VC treatments, respectively. Additionally, the VC+CF treatment also significantly improved the yield and quality of watermelon. In comparison with the VC+CF treatment, the VC treatment had less effect on soil biological characteristics and yield as well as quality of watermelon. As a result, vermicompost coapplied with inorganic fertilizer had better effect on watermelon, which was an ideal fertilization practices.%以‘黑彤K8’西瓜为试材，通过大田试验研究了 CK（不施肥）、CF（习惯施肥）、VC （蚯蚓粪）和VC+CF（蚯蚓粪和化肥各提供50%的氮）等处理对西瓜品质及根际土壤理化性状的影响。
安徽农学通报 2024年08期经济作物生物炭和蚯蚓粪配施对草莓种苗生长和繁殖的影响张紫昕1付宁1包艺雯1徐佳俊1梁潇1，2（1辽东学院农学院，辽宁丹东118000；2辽东学院现代特色农业研究院，辽宁丹东118000）摘要探究蚯蚓粪作为栽培基质以减少草炭使用的可行性，为高效利用蚯蚓粪和生物炭提供参考。
本试验以草莓苗为主体材料，与设施立体无土栽培技术相结合，设置了5种不同基质配方，包括草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比2∶1∶1添加（CK）；蚯蚓粪∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比2∶1∶1添加（Q1）；草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比2∶1∶1添加，在此基础上按体积比添加10%的生物炭（Q2）；蚯蚓粪∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比2∶1∶1添加，在此基础上按体积比添加10%的生物炭（Q3）；草炭∶蚯蚓粪∶蛭石∶珍珠岩按体积比1∶1∶1∶1添加，在此基础上按体积比添加10%的生物炭（Q4），分别测定各配方基质对草莓植株生长繁殖情况产生的影响。
结果表明，在生物炭基质中添加适量的蚯蚓粪不影响草莓缓苗成活，可促进植株株高、茎粗、冠幅、叶长、叶宽和叶面积等的生长；蚯蚓粪可提高草莓叶片叶绿素含量，进而促进植株光合作用，有利于草莓苗繁殖。
综合来看，草炭、蚯蚓类、蛭石和珍珠岩等体积配比，添加一定量的生物炭可作为草莓栽培基质推广应用。
试验结果为蚯蚓粪替代草炭作为无土栽培复合基质的新原料提供参考。
关键词蚯蚓粪；生物炭；无土栽培草莓；成活率；草莓苗繁殖中图分类号S668.4；S-3文献标识码 A文章编号1007-7731（2024）08-0027-05Effects of biochar and earthworm manure combined application on the growth andreproduction of strawberry seedlingsZHANG Zixin1 FU Ning1 BAO Yiwen1 XU Jiajun1 LIANG Xiao1,2（1College of Agriculture, Liaodong University, Dandong 118000, China；2Modern Characteristic Agriculture Research Institute, Liaodong University, Dandong 118000, China）Abstract Explored the feasibility of using earthworm manure as a cultivation substrate to reduce the use of peat, provided a reference for the efficient utilization of earthworm manure and biochar. This experiment used strawberry seedlings as the main material, combined with facility three-dimensional soilless cultivation technology, and set up five different substrate formulas, including peat: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (CK); earthworm manure: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (Q1); peat: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1, and on this basis, 10% of biochar was added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (Q2); earthworm manure: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1, and on this basis, 10% of biochar was added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (Q3); grass Charcoal: earthworm feces: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 1∶1∶1, and on this basis, 10% biochar (Q4) was added in a volume ratio, to determine the effects of each formula substrate on the growth and reproduction of strawberry plants.The results showed that adding an appropriate amount of earthworm manure to the biochar substrate did not affect the survival of strawberry seedlings, but could promote the growth of plant height, stem thickness, crown width, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area; Earthworm manure could increase the chlorophyll content of strawberry leaves, thereby promoting plant photosynthesis and promoting the reproduction of strawberry seedlings.Overall, the volume ratio of peat, earthworm manure, vermiculite, and perlite, along with the addition of a certain amount of biochar,基金项目丹东市农业科技成果转化项目（丹科发〔2020〕22号）。
核农学报2024，38（2）：0345~0354Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences蚯蚓粪对日光温室袋培甜瓜生长及营养吸收的影响王星林刘颖胡雨松孙周平刘义玲*（沈阳农业大学园艺学院/设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室/北方园艺设施设计与应用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心，辽宁沈阳110866）摘要：为探明蚯蚓粪对日光温室基质袋培甜瓜生长及营养吸收的影响，本试验以薄皮甜瓜（Cucumis melo var.makuwa Makino）玉美人为试材，采用日光温室基质袋栽培方式，将蚯蚓（Pheretima）粪按不同比例与草炭和蛭石复配成8种栽培基质，通过对甜瓜生长指标、光合指标、植株营养含量、果实产量及品质的分析，筛选出甜瓜基质袋栽培适宜的蚯蚓粪有机肥配施比例。
结果表明，在草炭蛭石复配基质中配施蚯蚓粪均可促进甜瓜的生长及营养吸收，以T5处理（蚯蚓粪∶草炭∶蛭石=4∶1∶5）促进效果最显著。
T5处理植株株高、茎粗、根系活力、生物量和光合参数均优于其他处理。
甜瓜生长期内，T5处理植株氮、磷、钾含量均较T1处理（蚯蚓粪∶草炭∶蛭石=0∶1∶1）显著提高，其中根中氮、磷和钾含量分别在定植后42、56和28 d差异最大，分别较T1处理显著增加63.9%、77.9%和74.4%；茎中氮、磷和钾含量分别在定植后56、28和14 d差异最大，分别较T1处理显著增加65.5%、81.8%和44.4%；叶中氮和钾含量在定植后42 d差异最大，分别较T1处理显著增加67.3%和29.9%，磷含量在定植后56 d差异最大，较T1处理显著增加70.3%。
适宜蚯蚓粪配施量显著提高了甜瓜产量和品质。
综上，蚯蚓粪有机肥在日光温室袋培甜瓜生产中适宜的应用比例为蚯蚓粪∶草炭∶蛭石=4∶1∶5。
本研究结果为蚯蚓粪有机肥应用于设施甜瓜生产提供了理论依据。
关键词：蚯蚓粪；栽培基质；生长；营养吸收DOI：10.11869/j.issn.1000‑8551.2024.02.0345甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.）是我国设施栽培的主要作物之一，也是经济高附加值作物。
宁夏农林科技，Ningxia Journal of Agri.and Fores.Sci.&Tech.2023，64（03）：21-25，47·园艺·基金项目：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（2020BBF02010）。
作者简介：屈晓蕾（1986—），女，河南濮阳人，硕士研究生，农艺师，主要从事园艺种植、农业生产管理工作。
*通信作者：王昊（1989—），男，硕士研究生，农艺师，从事园艺作物栽培与生理研究。
收稿日期：2022-09-13不同蚯蚓粪配比基质对番茄生长发育及果实品质的影响屈晓蕾1，哈蓉2，杨波2，靳韦2，马文礼2，陈永伟2，张敏2，徐灿2，杨桂丽2，王昊2*1.宁夏农垦连湖农场有限公司，宁夏青铜峡7516002.宁夏农垦农林牧技术推广服务中心，宁夏银川750024摘要：为探究蚯蚓粪作为基质配料对番茄生长发育及果实品质的影响，以番茄品种粉印3号为试验材料，采用不同蚯蚓粪配比基质进行袋式番茄栽培试验研究。
结果表明，2/3蚯蚓粪+1/3土壤配比的基质对番茄生长发育和果实品质提升效果最优，可显著提高基质中有机质含量及氮、磷、钾含量，促进微生物量氮、碳含量和有效活菌数；株高显著高于对照，茎粗净生长量为10.59mm，较对照提高249.5%；果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、有机酸、维生素C 含量均最高，较对照分别提高14.60%、35.33%、52.13%和18.86%；每667m 2番茄产量较对照提高109.72%，净收益达12916.21元。
主成分分析结果显示，2/3蚯蚓粪+1/3土壤配比的基质得分最高，是改善基质理化性质、植株生长发育和提升果实品质的最佳配方。
关键词：番茄；蚯蚓粪；基质；生长发育；果实品质中图分类号：S641.2文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-204X （2023）03-0021-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-204x.2023.03.005Effect of Different Proportions of Vermicompost Substrateon Tomato Growth and Fruit QualityQu Xiaolei 1,Ha Rong 2,Yang Bo 2,Jin Wei 2,Ma Wenli 2,Chen Yongwei 2,Zhang Min 2,Xu Can 2,Yang Guili 2,Wang Hao 2*(1.Lianhu Farm Co.,Ltd.,Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Group,Qingtongxia,Ningxia 751600;2.Agriculture,Forestry and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Service Center,Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Group,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750024)Abstract In order to explore the effects of Vermicompost as a substrate ingredient on the growth and development of tomato and fruit quality,the tomato variety Fenyin 3was used as the experimental material,and the bag tomato cultivation experiment was conducted with different Vermicompost substrates.The results showed that the substrate of 2/3Vermicompost with 1/3soil ratio had the best effect on tomato growth and fruit quality improvement.It can significantly increase the content of organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the substrate,and promote the content of microbial biomass nitrogen,carbon,and effective viable bacterial count;The plant height was significantly higher than the control group,with the net growth of stem diameter being 10.59mm,249.5%higher than the control group.The content of soluble solids,soluble sugars,organic acids and VC in the fruit was the highest,14.60%,35.33%,52.13%and 18.86%higher than the control group respectively.The tomato yield showed 109.72%higher than the control group,and the net income reached 12916.21yuan.Through principal component analysis,2/3Vermicompost with 1/3soil ratio scored the highest,thus it was the best formula to promote the growth and development of tomato plants,improve fruit quality and maintain the quality of matrix.Key words Tomatoes;Vermicompost;Matrix;Growth and development;Fruit quality 21番茄是我国设施农业栽培面积和产量均为第一的蔬菜。
蚯蚓粪在农业生产中的应用研究进展刘大伟; 陈井生; 王芳; 张艳菊【期刊名称】《《湖北农业科学》》【年(卷),期】2019(058)014【总页数】4页(P8-11)【关键词】蚯蚓粪; 土壤改良; 连作障碍; 土传病害【作者】刘大伟; 陈井生; 王芳; 张艳菊【作者单位】东北农业大学农学院哈尔滨 150030; 黑龙江省农业科学院大庆分院黑龙江大庆 163316; 齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006【正文语种】中文【中图分类】Q959.9; S154.1蚯蚓广泛存在于土壤中，是人们熟悉的一类土壤动物，在自然生态系统中具有非常重要的作用。
它们能够促进植物残枝落叶的降解、有机物质的分解和矿化，还具有混合土壤，改善土壤结构，提高土壤透气、排水和深层持水的能力［1］。
蚯蚓以土壤中的枯枝败叶、生物残体、排泄物和各类有机质为食，摄入后经消化系统以颗粒状排出体外，即为蚯蚓粪。
蚯蚓粪作为一种有机肥料，质地均一细腻，表面积大，团粒结构优良，疏松无异味，具有良好的通气性和保水性［2，3］，同时富含大量的有益微生物和植物生长调节物质［4－7］，具有改良土壤、缓解连作障碍、提高作物产量和品质、防控土传病害等方面的作用。
1 蚯蚓粪的特性蚯蚓粪是一种黑色、质地均一、有自然泥土味的细碎类物质，其物理性质是由蚯蚓的性质和蚯蚓消化有机物的程度决定的。
蚯蚓粪具有很好的孔性、通气性、排水性和较高的持水量，还具有很大的表面积，使得许多有益的微生物得以生存并具有良好的吸收和保持营养物质的能力［8］。
蚯蚓粪与其他禽畜粪便相比，其可溶性盐含量、阳离子交换性能和腐植酸含量明显增加。
一般的有机废弃物，尤其是禽畜粪便呈碱性，而大多数植物喜好偏酸性（pH为6.0～6.5）的生长环境，通过蚯蚓的消化，在微生物新陈代谢的过程中分泌有机酸，从而使偏碱性的禽畜粪便经过处理后而趋于中性。
蚯蚓粪中的营养物质含量由于原材料的不同而有差异，同时也与蚯蚓的活性有关［9］。
!"农业科学Tianjin Agricultural Sciences2021,27(5):25-28•作物栽培与设施园艺不同配比蚯蚓粪复合基质培养对草莓产量和品质的影响仝雅娜％,李凤菊％,杜中平崔少杰％，尹卫李扬％，华明艳％，宋兰芳％，孔维东％，赵媛1(1.天津市农业科学院，天津300192；2•青海省农林科学院，青海西宁810000；3•天津市红星职业中等专业学校，天津300131)摘要:为深入了解蚯蚓粪对草莓产量、品质的影响效果，以'红颜'草莓为供试材料，以蚯蚓粪与基质(蛭石:草炭:珍珠岩二1：1：1)为培养介质，设置5个不同的蚯蚓粪和基质(6/6)配比处理,分别为0：4,1：3,2：2,3：1,4：0,研究了日光温室中上述5种不同配比复合基质栽培对草莓果量、品质的影响果,V/V配比为2：2时，地上分的鲜质量、干质量、单株产量、相对含量、可溶性糖含量均高于处理,V/V配比为3：1时，平均果质量、维生素C含量、可溶性含量，对理可含量相对含量、果实个数与蚯蚓粪量相，为正相蚯蚓粪量与平均果质量和可溶性含量相合果，蚯蚓粪和基质(V/V)配比2：2的理，有助于草莓产量和品质。
关键词：蚯蚓粪;草莓量果质量;品质中图分类号：S606+2:S668.4文献标识码:A DOI编码：10.3969/j.issn.l006-6500.2021.05.007Effects on Yield and Quality of Strawberry Culturing with Different Proportions of Vermicompost Composite SubstrateTONG Yana1,LI Fengju1,DU Zhongping2,CUI Shaojie1,YIN Wei2,LI Yang1,HUA Mingyan1,SONG Lanfang1,KONG Weidong1,ZHAO Yuan3(l.Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin300192,China;2.Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Xin-ing,Qinghai810000,China;3.Tianjin Red Star Vocational Technical School,Tianjin300131,China)Abstract：To deeply understand the effect of vermicompost on the yield and quality of strawberries,the'beauty strawberry，was used as the test material,vermicompost and substrate(vermiculite:peat:perlite=1：1：1)were used as raw materials,five different ratios of vermicompost and substrate(V/V)treatments including0：4,1：3,2：2,3：1,4：0were set,and the effects on the yield and quality of strawberry fruit were studied in the solar greenhouse.The results showed that the fresh weight and dry mass,yield per plant,relative chlorophyll content,and soluble sugar content of the aboveground and underground parts at the V/V ratio of2：2were higher than those of other treatments.At the V/V ratio of3：1,the average quality of single fruit,the content of vitamin C,and the content of soluble solids were all the highest,the content of titratable acid in the control was the lowest.Except for the relative content of chlorophyll and number of fruits had a negative correlation with the amount of vermicompost,the other indicators were positively correlated with the amount of vermicompost.The dosage of vermicompost was significantly correlated with the average fruit weight and soluble solids content.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the treatment was the best at the vermicompost and substrate(V/V) ratio of2：2,which could effectively increase the yield of strawberries,and significantly improve the quality of strawberries.Key words：vermicompost;strawberry;yield per plant;fruit weight;quality蚯蚓粪是蚯蚓的，质、、均、无,,、和性，含、、、、、、种叫含的质养和种质叫蚯蚓粪含的质对合养影响，同含的量复杂的物质为的效的质％基质理性质、量、设施品质的重要因[4]量研究，蚯蚓粪促进、量、品质叫 蚯蚓粪可增加机碳源的样性，基质中微的量酶活性问，效抑制连障碍的发生进程。
