高中英语定语从句学案好用

注意：which /who /that在从句中作宾语可以省略
在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词。

关系代词：____ ______ ______ _______ ________ as引导非限定性定语从句
关系副词：________ ________ _______
结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。

主句从句的成分必须完整；关系代词在从句中作主宾表定，关系副词做状语
解题思路：1.划清主从句，找准先行词；
2. 分析从句中缺少成分
3. 如果缺少主宾表定选择关系代词，如果缺少状语则选择关系副词。

（一）关系代词引导的定语从句
1. who先行词是“人”，在从句中作 _________ __________ ；（多做主语）
whom先行词也是人，但在从句中只能作_____________ ；
This is the man who helped me.
This is the man who/whom you helped.
2. which:先行词是物，在从句中作__________ ________
This is the book which you are look ing for.
The buildi ng which is being built will be a library.
3. that:先行词是人或物，在从句中作____________ __________ __________ 。

The lady that came to our school is from America.
The book that I just read is very in teresti ng. 4. whose:先行词是人或物，在从句中做_____________ 。

一般形式为whose +名词，相当于the+名词+which/whom，例如：
I live n ext door to a couple _________ childre n ofte n make a lot of no ise.
He has writte n a book _________ n ame I have forgotte n.
=He has writte n a book ___ _____ ______ ______ I have forgotte n.
(二)以下情况只用that不用which:
(1)a nyth in g, nothi ng,all, an y, little, much,few 等不定代词作先行词。

⑵先行词被all, much, little, every, no, any 等词修饰时，用that。

⑶先行词被the only, the very修饰。

(4) 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰。

(5) 先行词既有人又有物时。

1. Is there anything that I can do for you?
2. I have read all the no vels that were writte n by Shakespeare.
3. This is the most won derful time that I have ever had.
4. What is the first America n film that you have see n?
5. This is the very book that he is look ing for.
6. Do you know the things and pers ons that they are talk ing about?
(三)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：
限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它，则句义显得不完整，从句与
先行词紧密相连。

非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词之间有逗号隔开，将从句拿掉
后其他部分仍可成立，注意：“ that ”不能够引导非限定性定语从句。

I have a brother who is study ing abroad.
定语从句
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. She is not the lovely girl that she used to be.
非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词 ，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人
称单数。

例如：
He was late aga in, which made his teacher an gry.
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. Liquid water cha nges to vapor, which is called evaporati on.
(四)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1、关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语， 这些关系词在介词后面只能用 which 或whom.不能用that. 也不能用who.
4.Do you remember the day when ( ___ _____ ) you joined our club?
(七)as 引导的定语从句
(1)引导限定性定语从句，可以在从句中做主语，宾语，表语 一般结构为the same …as ;
译为和 ..... 一样... 。

We have found such tools as are used in their factory.
There was a man with whom I would have to work together . The book to which he devoted much time is to come out next mon th.
2、“介词 + 关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等代词或者 数词。

He loves his parents deeply, ____ _____ ______ 他们俩 are very kind to him.
Up to now, he has written ten stories, ____ ____ ______ 其中 3 咅B are about country life.
I have got into the same trouble as he has. He is not the same man as he was.
(2)弓I 导非限制性从句，常带有 _______ 之意。

As we all know, smok ing is harmful to on e's health. =As is known to all, smok ing is harmful to on e's health.
as 是关系代词。

例1中的as 作know 的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词 用被动式。

(五)关系副词引导的定语从句 when, where, why
1.1' m very glad to return to my hometown _______ I had lived for 10 years.
2. This is my hometown ________ I had lived in for 10 years.
3. Do you know the reason ______ he is late for school.
4. No one believes the reason ______ h e gave us about his absenee at the meeting.
5. I still remember the day _______ I first came to school.
关系副词 when, where, why 的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替 使用，例如：
I.Beijing is the place where ( ____ _____ ) I was born. 2.1s this the reas on why ( __ ______ ) he refused our offer? 3.This is the house where ( ___ _____ ) I lived two years ago. such …as ,
know 要
(八)定语从句中的主谓一致
1. Tom is one of my friends that _____ ( love) English very much.
2. Tom is the only one of my friends that ______ (love) English very much.
［定语从句练习］：Practice makes perfect!
1. 定语从句（一）：一、三
2. 定语从句（二）：一、二、三
3. 定语从句（三）：一、二、三、五
5.。