现代大学英语精读6 paraphrase 原文+译文版

现代大学英语精读6课后句子翻译中英对照（精）高英句子翻译unit11. Asian American success is typically taken to ratify the American dream and to prove that minorities can make it in this country without handouts. (Para. 7)亚裔美国人的成功总是被用来证明美国梦是有道理的，用来证明少数种族群体能够在这个国家取得成功而不必依靠政府的布施和救济。

2. Earlier this year, the publication of Amy Chua's Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother incited a collective airing out of many varieties of race—based hysteria. (Para. 8)今年年初，蔡美尔《虎妈颂歌》一书的出版引发了公众各种各样反映种族观念的狂热评论。

3. There are no set-asides for the underprivileged or, conversely, for alumni or other privileged groups. There is no formula to encourage diversity" or any nebulous concept of “well-roundedness” or “character”. (Para. 12)这所学校没有为所谓弱势群体留下特殊的名额，反之，也没有为校友或其他特权人士留下名额，也没有旨在鼓励民族或宗教多样性或任何其他“全面发展”、“操行品德”等模糊观念的规定和计划。

4. You could frame it as a simple issue of equality and press for race- blind quantitative admissions standards. In 2006, a decade after California passed a voter initiative outlawing any racial engineering at the public universities, Asians composed 46 percent of UC Berkeley's entering class... (Para. 16)你可以把它说成是一个简单的平等问题，并强烈要求入学标准不许在录取数量上有种族歧视。

Lesson 1 Sexism in Schoolcation is not a spectator sport. (p3)Education is something that all students should participate in.3. When students participate in classroom discussionthey hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes enhance learning. (p3) When students participate in classroom discussion they are more inclined to think that going to school is useful, and the positive attitudes facilitate learning.4. It is no coincidence that girls are more passivein the classroom and score lower than boys on SATs. (p3)It is not surprising that the two things, namely, girls being more passive in the classroom and scoring lower than boys should be causally related.5. Most teachers claim that girls participate andare called on in class as often as boys. (p4)Most teachers state that girls participate and are asked to speak in class as often as boy.6. But a three-year study we recently completedfound that this is not true; vocally, boys clearly dominate the classroom. (p4)Based on a three-year study, we found that this is not true; in terms of oral participation, boys clearly speak much more in classroom.7. When we showed teachers and administrators filmof a classroom discussion and asked who was talking more, the teachers overwhelmingly said the girls were. (p4)When we showed teachers and people responsible for the running of a school a video of a classroom discussion and asked who was talking more, the teachers almost all said the girls were.8. But in reality, the boys in the film were out-talking the girls at a ratio of three to one. (p4) But in reality, the boys in the video were talking more than the girls at a speed of three to one.9. Half of the classroom covered language arts andEnglish-subjects in which girls traditionally have excelled; the other half covered math and science --- traditionally made domains. (p5)Half of the classroom covered the skills in using the language for effective communication and literary appreciation. And girls usually do better in these subjects. The other half covered math and science which traditionally belong to male field.10. Our research contradicted the traditionalassumption that girls dominate classroom discussion in reading, while boys are dominant in math. (p7)Our research denied the truth of the traditional supposition that girls control classroom discussion in reading, while boys control the discussion in math.11. We found that whether the subject was languagearts and English or math and science, boys got more than their fair share of teacher attention.(p7)We found that whether the subject was skills inusing the language for effective communication and English or math and science, boys got more teacher attention than is supposed to be fair. 12. Some critics claim that if teachers talk more tomale students, it is simply because boys are more assertive in grabbing their attention --- a classic case of the squeaky wheel getting the educational oil. (p8)Some critics state firmly that if teachers talk more to male students, it is simply because boys are more aggressive in catching their attention --- a typical example of the notice --- arresting students getting more attention from the teacher.13. However, male assertiveness is not the wholeanswer. (p8)However, male’s mere assertive cannot completely answer the question.14. Girls are often shortchanged in quality as wellas in quantity of teacher attention. (p10)Girls are often not given enough teacher attention what they deserve in quality as well as in quantity.15. Years of experience have shown that the best wayto learn something is to do it yourself;classroom chivalry is not only misplaced, it is detrimental. (p13)Years of experience have shown that the best way to learn something is to do it yourself; “let me do for you”behavior is not only improper, it is harmful.16. During classroom discussion, teachers in ourstudy reacted to boys’answers with dynamic, precise and effective responses, while they often gave girls bland and diffuse reactions. (p13)During classroom discussion, teachers in our study reacted to boys’answers with energetic, accurate and effective responses, while they often gave girls indifferent and general reactions.17. Despite caricatures of school as a harsh andpunitive place, fewer than 5 percent of the teachers’reactions were criticism, even of the mildest sort. (p15)Although school is often mockingly described as aplace where students are badly treated and often punished.18. Too often, girls remain in the dark about thequality of their answers. (p18)Too often, girls are kept completely uninformed about the quality of their answers.19. Unfortunately, acceptance, the imprecise responsepacking the least educational punch, gets the most equitable sex distribution in classroom.(p18)It is unfortunate that the least useful kind of feedback is distributed between boys and girls most impartially, while the more useful kinds of feedback are heavily biased towards boys. Thus the overall result is that the feedback boys receive much more beneficial than that for girls.20. Active students receiving precise feedback aremore likely to achieve academically. And they are more likely to be boys. (p18)Any active student who receives precise feedback can achieve more in his or her studies. And boys are more likely to be active and to receive suchfeedback, and so are more likely to succeed.21. By high school, some girls become less committedto careers, although their grades and achievement-test scores may be as good as boys’.(p20)By high school, some girls are not so devoted to the subject they have been studying, despite their academic study as good as boys’.22. Many girls’interests turn to marriage orstereotypically female jobs. (p20)Many girls’interests turn to marriage or jobs which are conventionally believed to be taken up by women only.23. The sexist communication game is played at work,as well as at school. (p23)The conversation among people which exhibits elements of sexism not exists in the field of work but also at school.24. Classes taught by these trained teachers had ahigher level of intellectual discussion and contained more effective and precise teacher responses for all students. (p28)Classes taught by these trained teachers had a higher level of the discussion which is full of intelligence and contained more effective and accurate teacher responses for all students. Lesson 2 Philosophers among the Carrots1. I asked myself if it was still permissible totake pleasure in the profession of housewife and not be a traitor to the cause. (p1)I was wondering whether it is possible for me toget pleasure by working as a housewife while at the same time still devoted to the Women’s Lib.2. I recalled Socrates saying that, “The unexaminedlife is not worth living,” and decided that maybe it was time to examine mine. (p1)I remembered Socrates’saying that, “The life offew profound consideration and careful choice is not a meaningful one”, and decided that maybe it was time to look at my life very carefully to see if any lessons could be drawn from it or any changes needed to be made in it.3. If I hadn’t been to college, I wouldn’t have beenthat significant analogy, I thought smugly,depositing an orange pit in the sink as I finished the salad (or did I learn that in high school?). (p2)I feel proud of knowledge I have acquired fromcollege which descend in scale. I splitted an orange pit into the kitchen sink after I had finished eating the salad. (If I didn’t learn that in high school, which part of the compulsory education was, I should not feel so indebted to Women’s Lib.)4. Then, as I eyed a bowl of cooked carrotsspeculatively, sizing them up for carrot cake of marinated vegetable salad and opting for the cake which I knew would be seconded by my husband and sons, (p3)Then, as I watched a bowl of cooked carrots thoughtfully, estimating whether they would be better for making salad, and deciding on the cake which I knew would be supported by my husband and three sons,5. I followed the train of my thoughts which waschugging off into philosophical realms led byArchimedes who said, “Any object placed in a fluid displaces its weight; an immersed object displaces its volume,” (p3)My thoughts, led by Archimedes, wandered away into the kingdom of philosophy. He said, “When an object floats on the liquid we can know its weight, which is equal to the weight of the liquid it has displaced; when an object immersed in the liquid we can know its volume which is equal to the volume of the liquid it has displaced.”6. Muttering, along with Emerson, that “A foolishconsistency is the hobgoblin of little minds…”I dumped in a couple of spoonfuls of applesauce to make it come out right. (p3)Saying in a low voice, quoting from Emerson that “To observe a rule rigidly is an abominable quality of unintelligent people” I poured a couple of spoonfuls of applesauce to taste better.7. Buddha has his Bo tree, I have my refrigerator.(p4)Just as Buddha received heavenly inspiration tofound Buddhism under the Bo tree, so I get new understanding about housewives and philosophy by gazing into the depth of the refrigerator.8. You can’t step twice in the same river. (p4)Please rest assured that what you are washing today is different from what you washed yesterday.9. I saw about me the variety in unity and unity invariety spoken of by my aesthetics professor. (p4)I saw the principle spoken by my aestheticsprofessor which means to see uniformity in differences and see differences in uniformity.Applied to my case, “unity”means that all the clothes I had to wash were dirty clothes and “variety” means that every piece to be washed was different from every other piece.10. I indulged in aggressive fantasies against mydear family as I picked up a necktie draped on a lamp, a pair of tennis shoes under the couch, a cache of peanut shells beneath a newspaper and remembering William James’comment that “Even a pig has a philosophy,”I wondered angrily what theirs was. (p5)I allowed myself to develop a lot of hostile andangry thoughts against my dear husband and three sons when I picked up a tie draped on a lamp, a pair of tennis shoes under the couch, a secret store of peanut shells beneath a newspaper and remembering William James’comment that “Even a pig has an attitude to life.” So I wondered since they were like pigs, they must have had one too.(Anyone may find an excuse for their behavior.) 11. ……with a wave of willfulness (p6)……with a sudden burst of determination to go my own way12. In my present state of mind I found this thequintessence of good sense and I walked out of house and into the car, leaving the breakfast dishes on the table. (p6)In my present mood, I found this the best representation of human wisdom.13. I smiled enigmatically as I continued to stir thechicken soup and quoted Alexander Pope, “All chaos is but order misunderstood,”then added with composure that I had purchase a new dress. (p7)I smiled in a way which showed there wassomething secret about her when I continued to stir the chicken soup and quoted Alexander Pope, “All chaos is in fact not chaos, but is order which has been mistaken for chaos.”14. But, without becoming the least bit ruffled, Ireplied, in the words of Pascal, “Ah, but the heart has its reasons the mind knows not of.” (p8)……sometimes you do something out of emotion which is not based on any reason.15. Whatever is, is good. (p9)Reality is good. It is good, because everything is created by God.Lesson 3 The Power of Habit1. Habit is a second nature! Habit is ten timesnature. (p1)Habit is a second born quality. It is so deeply fixed that you simply follow your habit without thinking.2. ……the degree to which this is true no oneprobably can appreciate as well as one who is a veteran soldier himself. (p1)Only the experienced soldier can best recognize the truth of the duke’s statement.3. The daily drill and the years of discipline endby fashioning a man completely over again, as to most of the possibilities of his conduct. (p1)It takes many years of daily training of mind and qualities to create a completely new person, as far as his possible patterns of behavior are connected.4. a practical joke (p2)sb. who plays a trick on sb. else so as to make the victim foolish5. The drill had been thorough, and its effects hadbecome embodied in the man’s nervous structure.(p2)The training had completed in any way, and its effects had become a part of man’s nervous system.6. Rider less cavalry-horses, at many a battle, havebeen seen to come together and go through their customary evolutions at the sound of the bugle-call. (p3)Without a rider, soldier who fight on horsebackat many battles, have been to gather together and take part in their habitual drills as soon as they heard sound of trumpet.7. Most domestic beasts seem machines almost pureand simple, undoubting, unhesitatingly doing from minute to minute the duties they have been taught, and giving no sign that possibility of an alternative ever suggests itself to their mind.(p3)Most beasts raised at home are completely like machines, and no doubt, never hesitate to do the duties they have been taught all the time and give no indication that they have never come up with other options.8. …… by his new responsibilities, (p4)……things he had to face or manage in the new environment,9. Habit is thus the enormous fly-wheel of society,its most precious conservative agent. (p4)Habit is a regulating force that maintains established order of society and prevents any sudden change in it.10. It alone is what keeps up all with the bounds ofordinance. (p4)It keeps us all in the different professional, geographical, or social positions designated to us by law or fate.11. It alone prevents the hardest and most repulsivewalks of life from being deserted by those brought up to tread therein. (p4)Because of habit, those who have been trained to work in that place since their childhood will not give up those most difficult and unpleasant occupation.12. It protects us from invasion by the natives ofthe desert and the frozen zone. (p4)It makes the natives of the desert and the frozen zone stay in their own place because of habit.13. It dooms us all to fight out the battle of lifeupon the lines of our nature or our early choice, and to make the best of a pursuit that disagrees, because there is no other for which we are fitted, and it is too late to begin again. (p4)Habit determines that one will stay and work hardtill the end of life in a disagreeable occupation which he was brought to follow or chose early in our life, and try to accept and manage it as well as he can. Because there is no other choice for which we are suitable, and it is too late to begin again.14. Although at the age of twenty-five you see theprofessional mannerism settling down on the young commercial traveler. (p4)By age 25, your future career has been settled down and you have formed peculiar habits in work.15. You see the little lines of cleavage runningthrough the character, the tricks of thought, the prejudices, the ways of the “shop”, in a word, from which the man can by-and-by no more escape than his coat sleeve can suddenly fall into a new set of folds. (p4)You get the general idea of the traits of one’s personality, the particular way of thinking, the personal preference, the ways in which one does one’s business, they are all fixed habits.Therefore, the man cannot escape his old habitshe has acquired just as his coat sleeve cannot suddenly fall into a new set of folds which has been ironed into it.16. It is best he should not escape. (p4)It is most desirable he should not eacape.17. Hardly ever is a language learned after twentyspoken without a foreign accent;If one learns a language after the age of twenty, he will almost never sound like a native speaker, but only like a foreigner;18. Hardly, ever can a youth transformed to thesociety of his betters unclean and nasality and other vices of speech bred in him by the associations of his growing years. (p5)Any young man who has been promoted to a higher social position may learn to give up his nasal accents and other bad habits that have been brought up in him by his early education.19. An invisible law, as strong as gravitation, keepshim within his orbit, arranged this year as he was the last; and how his better-clad acquaintances continue to get the things theywear will be for him a mystery till his dying day.(p5)A person’s old habits, as powerful as gravity,make him to take control over his behaviors…20. It is to fund and capitalize our acquisitions,and live at ease upon the interest of the found.(p6)The calculation of good habits formed is just like the investment of money in a project, if you can form a good habit in your early years, you can benefit a lot from them and enjoy the comfortable life in the future.21. The more of the details of our daily life we canhand over to the effortless custody of automatism, the more our higher powers of mind will be set free for their own proper work. (p6)Most of the trivial items in our life can becomea habit and can be taken of our conscious mindwhich therefore can be used for more important task.22. Full half the time of such a man goes to deciding,or regretting, of matters which ought to be soingrained in him as practically not to exist for his consciousness at all. (p6)Such man spends not less than half of his time deciding or regretting which should be deeply fixed and really should not all matters for his conscious thinking at all.Lesson 4 The Invisible Japanese Gentlemen1. They spoke to each other rarely in theirincomprehensible tongue. (p1)They hardly ever spoke during the meal, and when they did speak, they spoke in a way that the author cannot understand what they are talking about.2. Sometimes the pretty girl who sat in the windowbeyond gave them a passing glance, but her own problem seemed too serious for her to pay real attention to any in the world except herself and her companion. (p1)Sometimes the pretty girl who sat near window over there gave them a casual glance, but she was so much troubled by her own problem that she couldn’t pay any attentions to others but toherself and her fiancé.3. …… petite in a Regency way, oval like a miniature,though she had a harsh way of speaking --- perhaps the accent of the school, Roedean or Cheltenham Ladies’ College, which she not long ago left. (p2)……her face was small, delicate, and clean, and was as oval-shaped as a miniature, representing the typical feminine face admired as perfect by Regency time, though she spoke in a firm, commanding tone and an upper-class manner, typical of those who had been educated at a highly prestigious school for upper-class young women, which she graduated not long ago.4. Her companion appeared a little distraught. (p4)Her partner seemed somewhat worried or upset about what to do next.5. I could see them as two miniatures hanging sideby side on white wood panels. (p5)I could see them to be two small portraitshanging side by side as decorations for the surface of a wall.6. He should have been a young officer in Nelson’snavy in the days when a certain weakness and sensitivity were no bar to promotion. (p5)He should have had an easy access to promotion in Nelson’s navy despite some weakness and sensitivities as he had some feminine features which would be admired by people then.7. She deserved a better life. (p6)She could have enjoyed an easier life than toiling as a novelist.8. You know you don’t get on with him. This way weshall be quite independent. (p8)You know you don’t have a good relationship with your uncle. If we do as I have said we shall be quite independent.9. My mother says that writing is a good crutch…(p13)She disapproves of writing as the main thing (a career), but though writing is good only as an auxiliary support.10. a pretty solid crutch (p14)If you should think writing is support, I wouldargue that it is a pretty solid support. It can be the main source of a living.11. I see what you mean. (p26)I understand what you are trying to say.12. I was on the side of his mother. It was ahumiliating thought, but I was probably about her mother’s age. (p26)I agreed with his mother that writing should notbe a career, but only a support. Although knowing oneself to be old would cause discomfort and embarrassment, I was actually about her mother’s age and therefore quite in a position to advise her and her future.13. ……“the long defeat of doing nothing well” (p27)……“the frustration of being unable to write anything good for many years”14. ……, by performance and not by promise. (p27)……, by what you have actually written, not by any indication of potential success in you.15. I didn’t know you’d ever been there. (p29)The polite way of saying “I know you have never been there (so how can you write about a placeyou don’t know?)16. A fresh eye’s terribly important. (p30)It’s all good to see something new.17. Perhaps, we’d go better to marry when you comeback. (p37)It will be more sensible of us to get married when you come back.18. ……couldn’t you observe a bit more near home? Herein London. (p47)……why go off to St. Tropez? Couldn’t you write something about here, about London?19. Darling, you’re awfully decorative, but sometimes--- well, you simply don’t connect. (p51)You look awfully good. (If we go out together, I can feel proud of being accompanied by such a handsome young man.) But you haven’t got intelligence, you absolutely don’t connect one meaning to author.20. ……bowed to each other, as though they wereblocked in doorway. (p54)…… yielded apologetically to each other in such a manner as if they have dumped into each other ina doorway, as one was going out and the othercoming in21. I had thought the two young people matchingminiatures, but what a contrast in fact there was.The same type of prettiness could contain weakness and strengthens. (p55)I had wrongly believed that the two young peoplewere a good match for their looks. But now I saw they were so different in nature. The same pretty looks could mean a weak character in some people, but a strong character in others.22. Her Regency counterpart, I suppose, would haveborne a dozen children without the aid of anesthetics, while he would have fallen an easy victim to the first dark eyes in Naples. (p55)If she had lived in Regency time, she would have been able to give birth to a dozen children without the use of anesthetics. However, if he had been a young officer in Nelson’s navy and had called at the port of Naples, he would easily have been secured by the first Italian woman he met after setting foot ashore.23. I didn’t like to think of her as the Mrs. HumphreyWard of her generation --- not that I would live so long. (p55)I dreaded the thought of her becoming a well-established writer. This was not because I would live so long as to see her become another Mrs.Humphrey Ward, the Mrs. Humphrey Ward of her time.But this was because I was deeply aware that the further she went along a writer’s road, the more severely she was sure to suffer.24. Old ages saves us from the realization of a greatmany fears. (p55)Being old enable we to avoid seeing many unpleasant things happen. Because we are old, we will not live to see a great many things we fear actually happen.25. ……, and she didn’t look like Mrs. Humphrey Ward.(p55)……, Mrs. Humphrey Ward looked plain, while she looked pretty, and her photo on the back of the jacket would help make the book well received by reviewers as well as readers.26. Sometimes you are so evasive I think you don’twant to marry me at all. (p57)evasive: deliberately avoiding the major topic of getting married。

Lesson 1 How to get the poor off our conscienceVirtue is ... self-centered.By right action,we mean it must help promote personal interest. ...(poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children. ...the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration. The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy,love and friendship.Therefore,when it was mentioned,it was usually the target of criticism....the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended.The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned,it had only been put off....only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights,coffee makers, and toilet seats.Government officials,on the whole ,are good,it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.Belief can be the servant of truth---but even more of convenience.Belief can be useful in the search for truth,but more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.George Gilder... Who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort...George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation,in other words,suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.Lesson 2 The woods were tossing with jewelsBut these marks of wild country called to may father like the legendary siren song.Though the place was not pleasant or disagreeable,my father was deeply attracted to it precisely because of its unexplored,uncultivated natural state,and the challenge."I'm afraid the day's going to catch us," I explained, wondering whatgreat disaster might befall us if it did.As a little girl,I believed my father's words ,and was genuinely afraid of the possible disaster--if we didn't hurry up,the day would catch us and terrible things might happen....from time to time he was halfheartedly sought for trial, though few crimes seemed to lead directly to his door.In this place,though the police wound make some effort without real earnest to investigate Watson and bring him to court,there seemed to be little concrete evidence to prove that he was responsible for certain illegal activities.The stranglehold Watson had over this section of Florida was not dissimilar to the unscrupulous activities of certain lawmen, other legal crooks, and even governors that our state was to suffer through its history. The control Watson had over this part of Florida was much similar to the dishonest or illegal activities of the law-enforcing officials and governors which Florida witnessed in the 20th century.There was the little shack, not the most gracious of living quarters, and there was a murderer for our nearest and only neighbor, about thirty miles away.Before the family built their own house,they lived in a shabby cabin at Gopher Key,close to the merciless Watson.King Richard in his gluttony neer sat at a table more sumptuous than ourswas three times a day...We had abundant food on the island,and even the meals enjoyed by King Richard,who was famous for his love of food,couldn't possibly compare with ours.Despite the unrelenting heat, we were happy to be let off from our hours of school indoors, sessions which our mother kept every day, rain or shine.Although it was very hot outside in the sun,we were happy to be dismissed from my mother's sessions indoors.we would have to read and write with her every day no matter what the weather was like. lesson 3 At war with the planetBut this image, now repeatedly thrust before us in photographs, posters, and advertisements, is misleading.The Earth we see in photos,posters,and ads,which appears so beautiful,is not the true reflection of the world we live in ,such image lulls us into complacency.The technosphere has become sufficiently large and intense to alter the natural processes that govern the ecosphere.Human activities have taken place over such large areas and with such intensity that they have already caused disastrous effects on ecology. ...which could establish itself only because it fitted properly into the preexisting system.the fish could play its role because it became a necessary link with the processes preceding it and the processes following it in the ecological system.Defined so narrowly, it is no surprise that cars have properties that are hostile to their environment.when cars are produced to serve such narrow purposes,it is not surprising that some of their characteristic qualities are harmful to the environment.22.Yields rose, but not in proportion to the rate of fertilizer application... the farmer applied more and more fertilizer,and the production did rise but did not increase at the same rate of the fertilizer.23...their waste is flushed into the sewer system altered in composition but not in amount at treatment plant...people eat plants and animals,and their waste is flushed into the sewer system.After being processed,the waste is still waste.the residue will go into rivers,oceans,and will have harmful effect on the aquatic ecosystem.24.Left to their own devices, ecosystems are conservative...if the ecosystems are not upset by outside intrusion,they will remain the same with very little change25.In contrast to the ecosphere, the technosphere is composed of objects and materials that reflect a rapid and relentless process of change and variation.the characteristics of the objects and materials in the technosphere are rapid change and great variety.26.But this is done only at the cost of understanding.if we take side in the war of the two words, we are doing so at the risk of failing to have a clear understanding of the nature and cause of the war,thus,we lose the chance to really solve the grave environmental crisis. Lesson4 nettlesHow all my own territory would be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it and skimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.the impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination.I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely.All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman's mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party".At that time,we were young mothers,and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies.and our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that.However,in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the importantthinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T.S.Eliot's sophisticated work"The Cocktail Party"....I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.I would be frightened,and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostile and violent way of life,but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence.What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me,and I felt very isolated and alienated.She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval?---about my new life. She did not ask me about my new life,either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.It would be a morally low thing,an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life,the hardest experience a person might have to endure.He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life.They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience.such an experience posed thegravest test to people.if they stood the test,their friendship or marriage would be strengthened,and a sacred bondage would be formed between them.but if they failed the test,their relationship would be broken and they would flow on gently andNot risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. With the weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.If they acted on love,they would take risks.they wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship,but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle,which would flow on gently and...Lesson 5 The One Against the Many1....the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and economic orderthere are such prejudices in an arrogant manner about the characteristic of the social order and economic order and they take it for granted.The country just rejected such prejudice.2 Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently vulnerability to secular ideology ever afterNo one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding ,preserving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas..and any intellect so shaped was ...ever afterA mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhatdifficult to resist other ideological temptations to ideological thinking. Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid...experiencePragmatism is not completely free from abstract ideas just as ideology is not completely free from experience,that is to say,abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience has a role in ideology.As an ideologist,however,Jefferson....historical curiosityAs a man following a fixed set of beliefs,Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure.His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present-day reality....whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthoodTheir central beliefs are imprisoned by the whole body of priests who are always effective....where free men may find partial truths,but where ...on Absolute Truth In this universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relation truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only truth.But ideology is a drug; no matter how ...it still persists.Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic.In spite of the fact that it has been proved wrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology....the only certainty in an .....abuseThe only thing that is sure of a despotic system is the unrestricted exercise of power.10. The distinctive human triumph...lies in the capacity to understand the frailty of human striving ...nonethelessThe most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know that no matter how hard they try,they cannot achieve Absolute truth,yet they continue to make great efforts and refuse to give upLesson6 Death of a pig1.It is a tragedy enacted on most farms with ...The murder,being premeditated,is in the first degree..and the smoked bacon and ham provide...questionedthe tragedy has an ending---the killing of a pig and the serving of its meat.The killing deliberately planned and carried out efficiently,is the most type of murder.However,whether pigs should end their lives that way has never been questioned.A pig couldn't ask for anything better or none has, at any rateA pig could not ask for any better living conditions;at least no pig has ever complained.In a word,my pig lived in a pleasant environmentYou could see him down there at all hours, his white face parting (i)stethoscope dangling ...and grinning his corrosive grinFred was quite excited about the event.He was down at the pigpen all the time.because of his swollen joints,he moved about unsteadily.His face setapart the grass along the fence as he moved about.He was like a doctor,with his long ,drooping ears dangling like a stethoscope,and he scrabbbled on the ground as if he were prescibing some medicine.When the enema bag appeared, and the bucket of warm suds, his happiness...full charge of the irrigationWhen it was time to dose the pig,Fred became even more excited,and he managed to get through the fence,and acted as if he was taking charge of the medical treatment....and the premature expiration of a pig is...a sorrow in which it feels fully involvedIf a pig dies before he is supposed to ,it is a serious matter for the whole community to remember.The whole community would share the sadness for his death.I have written this account in penitence and in grief,as a man who...and to explain my...so many raised pigsThe purpose of this essay is to show that I am sorry for what has happened to my pig,since I have failed to raise the pig and cannot provide a reason why my pig could didn't grow the way other pigs have grown. The grave in the woods is unmarked,but ...and I know he and I...on flagless ..own choosingThe pig's grave in the woods doesn't have a tombstone,but whenever somebody wants to visit it,Fred will show him the way.I know we willoften visit it,separate or together,when we need to ponder over problems or when we are depressed.Lesson 7 Inaugural addressFor man holds in his mortal hands....and all forms of human life. rendering it uninhabitable and lifeless....unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights... We do not want to see or to allow the slow destruction of those human rights.To those peoples in the huts and villages of half.....of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves...To the people of the underdeveloped countries living in poverty in rural areas,we are committed to helping them to rid themselves of mass poverty by their own efforts.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.But we should not let any communist power take advantage of this alliance for progress to expand its influence.And let every other power know that this....of its own house.We want to make clear to the communist powers that Americas are the Americas of the Americans.do not attempt to penetrate into this area. ...before the dark powers of destruction..... or accidental self-destruction. before the world is destroyed by a nuclear war launched in a preemptiveattack or caused by accident....yet both raing to alter the uncertain...of mankind's final war.Yet both sides attempt to get an edge in the nuclear arms race so as to break the mutual deterrence which has so far prevented the outbreak of a nuclear war....civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.To be ready to negotiate and establish friendly relations does not mean that we are weak or afraid.declarations of sincere intention have to be tested by actions.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Let the two sides use the fruits of science for the benefit of humanity rather than using high-tech weapons to kill and destroy....each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.There have been occasions for each generations of Americans to be called upon to fight and die for their country.Lesson 8 A rose for Emilybut garages and cotton gins had ...of that neighborhood...the street used to house only the best families.But then great changes took place:garages and cotton gins were established on the street and their existence wiped out the aristocratic traces in that neighbouhood.Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity.It would not be true to say that miss emily would have accepted charity. "Just as if a man-any man-could keep a kitchen properly," the ladies said....What the ladies said meant that they did not in the least believe a man ,any man,could keep a kitchen properly.It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons.The griersons regarded themselves as very important and the outside world as vulgar and full of people inferior to them.they belonged to two entirely different worlds.however,the complaints about the smell served as a link between the two different worlds and compelled miss emily to deal with the outside world.The next day th received two more.....in diffident deprecation.The next day the mayor received two more complaints.one of them was from a man who came and pleaded to the mayor in a shy and timid way. People in our town, remembering how old lady Wyatt.....a little too high for what the really were.People in the town felt that the Grierson family regarded themselves more important than they really deserved to be.the fact that miss emily great-aunt,old lady wyatt,had gone crazy had to do with this blind,excessive self-importance.Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less.Ordinary people often become excited or worried when they get a penny more or a penny less.Being poor,now she would learn to appreciate the value of money like other people in the town.But there were still other, older people, who...without calling it noblesse oblige.But there were still others,older people,who said that no matter how sad miss emily was (over her father death),she should not forget she had certain obligations as a member of the nobility,though a real lady would not describe her self-restraint by the expression noblesse oblige。

Lesson 1.Paraphrase：1. We're elevated 23 feet. (para 3)We' re 23 feet above sea level.2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. (para 3) 2. The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.3.We can batten down and ride it out. (para 4) 3. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. (para 9) 4. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.5. Everybody out the back door to the cars! (para 10) 5. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.6. The electrical systems had been killed by water. (para 11) 6. The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. (para 17) 7. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8. Get us through this mess, will You? (para 17) 8. ()h God, please help us to get through this storm safely.9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. (para 21) 9. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.10. Janis had just one delayed reaction. (para 34) 10. Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.1.Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparingthe passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire)2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the soundof the wind to the roar of a passing train)Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. ( comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.)Translation1) 每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。

A Rose for EmilyUnit 81. But garages and cotton gins had ...of that neighborhood... (p2)The street used to house only the best families. But then great changes took place: garages and cotton gins were established on the street and their existence wiped out the aristocratic traces in that neighborhood.2. Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity. (p3)It would not be true to say that miss Emily would have accepted charity.3. "Just as if a man-any man-could keep a kitchen properly," the ladies said.... (p16) What the ladies said meant that they did not in the least believe a man, any man, could keep a kitchen properly.4. It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons. (p16)The Griersons regarded themselves as very important and the outside world as vulgar and full of people inferior to them. They belonged to two entirely different worlds. However, the complaints about the smell served as a link between the two different worlds and compelled Miss Emily to deal with the outside world.5. The next day he received two more complaints, one from a man who came in diffident deprecation.(p21)The next day the mayor received two more complaints. One of them was from a man who came and pleaded to the mayor in a shy and timid way.6. People in our town, remembering how old lady Wyatt, her great-aunt, had gone completely crazy at last, believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were.(p25)People in the town felt that the Grierson family regarded themselves more important than they really deserved to be. The fact that miss Emily great-aunt, old lady Wyatt, had gone crazy had to do with this blind, excessive self-importance.7. Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less.(p26)Ordinary people often become excited or worried when they get a penny more or a penny less. Being poor, now she would learn to appreciate the value of money like other people in the town.8. But there were still other, older people, who said that even grief could not cause a real lady to forget noblesse oblige- without calling it noblesse oblige.(p31)But there were still others, older people, who said that no matter how sad miss Emily was (over her father death), she should not forget she had certain obligations as a member of the nobility, though a real lady would not describe her self-restraint by the expression noblesse oblige.9. We were glad because the female cousins were even more grierson than miss Emily had ever been.(p45)We were glad because the cousins were even more stubborn and self important than miss Emily.10. and the very old men confusing time with its mathematical progression, as the old do, to whom all the past is not a diminishing road but, instead, a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them by the narrow bottle-neck of the most recent decade of years. (p55)And the very old men confused the dates and years of past happenings. To the old people, all the past should be like a road that becomes smaller as it reaches further back. But to those old southerners, the recent past of ten years or so was like a bottleneck, a narrow passage, or a tunnel. Beyond that narrow passage, the remote past became a huge level meadow where things were pleasantly and fondly mixed up together. Like the green grass on the meadow never touched by the winter, their memories of the remote past remained blurred, sweet, romanticized and unchanged.。

现代大学英语精读基础英语paraphraseU n i t1T e x tⅠT h i n k i n g a s a H o b b y Paraphrases of the Text1.The leopard was Nature, and he was being natural.(3)The leopard symbolizes Nature,which stands for all animal needs or desires.美洲豹象征着自然，它在那里显得很自然而已。

2.Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense andleft me out.(15)Everybody, except me ,is born with the ability to thin大自然赋予其余的所有的人第六感觉却独独漏掉了我。

3.You could hear the wind trapped in the cavern of his chest andstruggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reelwith shock and his ruined face go white at the unaccustomed visitation.(19)你能听到风被他的胸腔堵住，遇到障碍物艰难前进发出的声音。

他的身体因为不习惯这样的感觉而摇摇晃晃，脸色变得惨白。

4.In this instance, he seemed to me ruled not by thought but by aninvisible and irresistible spring in his neck.(20)Mr. Houghton’s deeds told me that he was not ruled by thought, instead, he would feel a strong urge to turn his head and look at the girls.在这种情况下，我认为他不是受思想，而是受他后颈里某个看不到却无法抗拒的发条的控制。

现代大学英语精读6（1-10课）课文翻译现代大学英语精读6课文翻译1如何使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚约翰·肯尼斯·高伯瑞(加尔布雷斯)1. 我很愿意严肃地考虑一种人类最古老的活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚。

2. 贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。

普鲁塔克曾说，“贫富失衡乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。

”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题，成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思考探索的问题。

直至当代状况依然如此。

3. 《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道，在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。

他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难，如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。

在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决办法。

由此，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。

4. 很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表的二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始之后，贫富不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。

杰罗米·边沁，这位与亚当·斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几乎50年来一直影响显著。

这就是实用主义学说。

“通过实用的原则，”边沁在1789年指出，“也就是通过这一原则来赞成或否定任何一种应运而生的看来似乎必定会增加或减少政党幸福的行为或做法，尽管政党的利益总是在讨论之中。

”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。

然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。

只要遵循边沁的话——“最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。

社会尽力满足更多的人，人们接受对于很多利益没被满足的人来说，结果极其不幸。

5. 在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到内疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。

Lesson Two: Two KindsParaphrase1.I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size.I imagined myself as different types of prodigy, trying to find out which one suited me thebest.2.I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts.I had new thoughts, which were filled with a strong spirit of disobedience and rebellion.3.The girl had the sauciness of a Shirley Temple.The girl was Shirley Temple—like, slightly rude but in an amusing way.4.It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest, but it also felt good, asif this awful side of me had surfaced, at last.When I said those words, I felt that some very nasty thoughts had got out of my chest, and so T felt scared. But at the same time I felt good, relieved, because those nasty things had been suppressed in my heart for some time and they had got out at last.5.And I could sense her anger rising to its breaking point. I wanted to see it spill over.I could feel that her anger had reached the point where her self—control would collapse, andI wanted to see what my mother would do when she lost complete control of herself.6.The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams.When the lid to the piano was closed, it shut out the dust and also put an end to my misery. Phrases1.With almost no money down 几乎用不着交首付，几乎可以全部用贷款来买房2.The raised hopes and failed expectations 那些过高的希望和达不到的期盼3.Shorting out 短路4.The showpiece of our living room 我们起居室里的一件摆设5.Stiff-lipped smile 尴尬不自然的笑容6.Frighteningly strong 惊人地强大7.Follow their own mind 我行我素Sentence1.Instead of getting big fat curls, I emerged with an uneven mass of crinkly black fuzz.我的头发没有做出我要的大卷花，而是给我弄成一头乱蓬蓬的黑色小卷毛。