2019外研版高中英语必修一Unit4 单元语法

新外研社（19）高中英语必修一Unit4Friends forever单元知识总结（一）短语1.be familiar with …对…..熟悉2.be familiar to sb.为某人所熟悉3.lose track of 不了解…..的情况，不了解…..的动态4.Keep track of 与…..保持联系；记录例句：He lost track of his good friend after graduation5.deliver sb. a lecture 给…..作报告6.thanks to 归功于…..，多亏……7.in advance 提前8. change significantly 变化显著9.social media 社交媒体10.tend to 照顾；11.tend to do sth.倾向于做…..12.enable sb.to do sth.使某人有能力做某事13.throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃14.pour in 蜂拥而至15.pour down （雨）倾盆而下16.be anxious about …为…..担心/担忧17.with anxiety 忧虑地18.postpone（=put off ）doing sth. 推迟做某事19．Make one’s fortune 发财20..ought to 应该；应当21.correspind with …与…通信联系22.turn up 1)(意外或终于)出现2）调低（音量）23.be ashamed of 对…..难为情24.work out 理解；锻炼；训练；进展顺利；算出；拟出（计划、安排）.25.face to face 面对面26.stay in touch with …和…..保持联系27.are up to 从事28.keep in mind 记住29.make friends online 网上交朋友30.make it clear to sb. that 对某人清楚表明31.be set in 以…为背景32.on earth 地球上33.figure out 计算出；理解34.hear from sb.收到某人来信35.strike the match 划火柴36.a plain clothes 便服37.step out of 迈步走出38.felt lost 感到茫然39.in my opinion（=in my view ）我认为40.in the distance 在远处（二）句型1.(教材p 39 ) As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends ,even ifhe had all other goods.As sb. said 正如某人所说As 引导的非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，并作从句的宾语。

Unit 41. □ forever /fəˈrevər/ adv. 永远n. 永远;漫长时间take forever花很长时间live forever 长生不老love forever 永远热爱forever and a day永久地，永久forever and ever永远，永久forever and forever 永远地2. familiar /fəˈmɪliər/ adj. 熟悉的；常见到的n.常客; 密友familiarity /fəˌmɪliˈærəti/ n.熟悉；通晓familiarize /fəˈmɪliəraɪz/ v.(使)熟悉；了解；通晓familiarly /fəˈmɪliəli/ adv.熟悉地；随便地be familiar to sb=be known to sb为某人所熟悉be familiar with sth熟悉某事物be on familiar terms with sb与某人交情很好，和某人关系友好familiarize oneself with... 精通......familiarize sb with sth 使某人熟悉某事或某物3. adventure /ədˈventʃə/ n.历险（经历），奇遇v.探险;冒险;大胆说出adventurer /ədˈventʃərə(r)/ n.冒险者;冒险家adventurous /ədˈventʃərəs/ adj.有冒险精神的；大胆创新的adventurism /ədˈventʃərɪzəm/ n.(企业、政治等方面)冒险主义have an adventure/meet with an adventure有冒险经历4. prefer /prɪˈfɜːr/ v. 更喜欢preferable /ˈprefrəbl/ adj.更适合的；更可取的preferably /'pref(ə)rəbli/ adv.最好；更可取地preference /ˈprefrəns/ n.偏爱；爱好prefer doing sth/to do sth更喜欢做某事prefer A to B 与B相比更喜欢Aprefer doing sth to doing sth比起做某事更喜欢做某事；prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁愿做……而不做……，相当于would rather do sth than do sth或would do sth rather than do sthprefer sb to do sth希望某人做某事be preferable to 比......更可取/更合适a preference for... 对......的偏爱in preferable to而不是5. lose track of 不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态【近义】be out of touch with...和......失去联系；不再了解......的情况【反义】keep track of 与…保持联系；了解…的动态back on track回到正轨；恢复正常be on track稳步前进；做法对头be on track to do sth. 有望做......，处于......的正轨stop/halt/freeze in your tracks（使由于恐惧或吃惊）突然止步6. deliver /dɪˈlɪvər/ v.递送，传送；兑现delivery /dɪˈlɪvəri/ n.传送;递送deliverable /dɪˈlɪvərəbl/ adj.可递送的；可交付的deliverability /dɪˌlɪvrəˈbɪlɪtɪ/ n.交付能力；实施能力；供应能力deliver from从…...把（某物）发送出; （把某人）从…...中解救出来deliver on履行、实行deliver over/up to交出, 移交deliver/give a lecture to sb on sth.给某人作关于…的演讲/讲座deliver sth to sb把(邮件、货物等)投递/递送/传送给某人deliver oneself of... 宣布,公布;发言，发表deliver oneself to... 向...投案, 向...自首on delivery到货时take delivery of sth提取某物7. thanks to 归功于……，多亏……8. advance /ədˈvɑːns/ n.进步，进展；预付款v.前进，行进；进展；进步adj.预先的；事先的advancing /ədˈvɑːnsɪŋ/ adj.年事渐高advancement /ədˈvɑːnsmənt/ n.进步，进展advanced /ədˈvɑːnst/ adj.先进的;高级的;高等的;(发展)晚期的，后期的in advance of...在…...（发生）之前；超过；超前in advance 预先；提前make an advance/advances in在......方面取得进步on the advance（物价）在上涨advance across/through/towards前进穿过......9. significantly /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/ adv. 重大地，显著地；意味深长地，别有含义地significant /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ adj. 重要的，重大的，影响深远的；（眼神、微笑等）意味深长的significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n.意义；含义；重要性insignificant /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ adj.不重要的；无足轻重的；无关紧要的10. social media 社交媒体11. maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ v. 保持，维持；坚持认为maintenance /ˈmeɪntənəns/ n.维护;维持;抚养费maintain sth at sth把…...保持在......maintain sb on sth依靠…...供养......maintain sth with sb与…...保持......maintain an open mind 无成见12. wi-fi /ˈwaɪ faɪ/ n. 无线网络，无线上网13 click /klɪk/ v. 点击（鼠标）n.咔哒声；点击clickable /ˈklɪkəbl/ adj.可点击打开的click for幸运地获得click with与(某人)一见如故,一见倾心14. digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ adj.数字的，数码的；数字显示的digitally /'dɪdʒɪtəli/ adv. 数字地；数码地digitize /ˈdɪdʒɪtaɪz/ v.(使信息)数字化；把（信息）转变成数字形式digitalization /ˌdɪdʒɪˌtælɪ'zeɪʃən/ n .数字化digit /ˈdɪdʒɪt/ n.数字；位数；手指；脚趾15. enable /ɪˈneɪbəl/ v.使可能，使发生enabled /e'neɪbld/ adj.可激活的；已启用的enable ... to do sth 使......能够/有机会做某事；使......做某事成为可能16. □ unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ adj.异常的，不平常的usual /'juːʒuəl/ adj. 通常的；惯例的unusually /ʌnˈjuːʒuəli/ adv.特别地；不平常地；不寻常地17. site /saɪt/ n. 网站；场所，地点；v.为……选址；使坐落于on site在现场in site原位18. tend /tend/ v.易于做某事，往往会发生某事tendency /ˈtendənsi/ n.倾向;趋势;趋向tendentious /tenˈdenʃəs/ adj.有强烈倾向性的tend on/upon 照顾，照管tend towards ...有......的趋势；倾向于......tend to sb照顾某人tend to do sth往往会/倾向于/易于做某事a tendency to/towards... .....的倾向19. update /ʌpˈdeɪt/ n. 最新消息;更新v.更新;向…提供最新信息updated /ʌp'deɪtɪd/ adj.更新的；适时的updater /'ʌpdeɪtər/ n. 更新器update sb on sth向某人通报某事20. □ saying /ˈseɪ-ɪŋ/ n. 格言，谚语，警句there is no saying 难以断言(很难说)...It goes without saying. 不言而喻，不消说as the saying goes 常言道，正如俗语所说saying and doing 言行21. * criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnəl/ n. 罪犯adj.犯罪的；犯法的crime /kraɪm/ n.犯罪活动；罪行criminalize /ˈkrɪmɪnəlaɪz/ v.使不合法；把…当罪犯对待；认定有罪或违法criminally /'krɪmɪnəli/ adv.犯了罪地criminality /ˌkrɪmɪ'næləti/ n. 犯罪；有罪；犯罪行为22. □ bathwater /ˈbɑːθwɔːtər/ n.浴水，洗澡水23. throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃24. acquire /əˈkwaɪər/ v. 获得，得到acquisition /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/ n.获得，获得物acquirability /əˌkwaɪərəˈbɪlɪtɪ/ n. 可获取,可获得acquirable /əˈkwaɪərəbl/ adj. 可得的,可获得的acquired /əˈkwaɪəd/ adj.获得的；购得的；学到的；acquire a taste for sth开始喜欢上某物acquire the right to do sth 取得做某事的权利25. goods /ɡʊdz/ n. 商品；个人财物；货物have/ get the goods on sb抓到某人的把柄，找到某人的罪证deliver the goods 交货；不负所望catch someone with the goods 人脏俱获地抓到某人26. prove /pruːv/ v. 证明，证实，结果是过去式： proved 过去分词： proven，provedproven /ˈpruːvn/ adj.被证实的，经验证的prove up 勘探，探明prove sth to sb向某人证实/证明...prove yourself证明自己的实力prove against sb 证明对某人不利prove (sb) (to be) +n.证明(某人)(是)......27. illustrate /ˈɪləstreɪt/ v. （举例）说明；阐明illustration /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃn/ n.插图；示例；图解illustrative /ˈɪləstrətɪv/ adj.起说明作用的；图解的，插图的illustrator /ˈɪləstreɪtə(r)/ n.(书等的)插图画家illustrate with用......来说明......28. diagram /ˈdaɪəɡræm/ n.图解，示意图v.以图表示，用图显示diagrammatic /ˌdaɪəɡrəˈmætɪk/ adj.图解的29. inspiring /ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ/ adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ v.激励；鼓舞；赋予...灵感inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/ n.灵感；鼓舞人心的东西inspired /ɪnˈspaɪəd/ adj. 有创见的；富有灵感的inspirational /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃənl/ adj.激发灵感的；鼓舞人心的inspire sb with sth 激起某人的某种感情；使某人产生某种情感inspire sth in sb 激起某人的某种感情；使某人产生某种情感inspire sth into sb 向某人灌输某种思想30. teenager /ˈtiːnˌeɪdʒər/ n. 青少年，十几岁的孩子（13到19岁之间的孩子）31. □ pour /pɔːr/ v.灌，注，倒；倾泻pouring /ˈpɔːrɪŋ/ adj.（雨）倾盆的，滂沱的pour down向下倾注；流下pour in大量地涌进来；倒入,使涌入pour on把…...倒在…...上pour out 倾诉；倾吐pour cold water over / on sth对某事泼冷pour away the dirty water 把脏水倒掉pour sth into sth向…投入大量金钱；大量投资于32. □ pot /pɒt/ n.锅；花盆；壶；陶制容器v.把......栽入盆中；射猎；(台球)入袋pot at 射击,射杀pot up 种在盆内go to pot使糟糕,使垮掉all to pot混乱; 糟糕in pot 喝醉pots of money大笔的钱the pot calling the kettle black五十步笑百步a watched pot never boils 心急水不开（越心急，时间过得越慢）pot luck碰运气；撞大运；随遇而安33. □ gram /ɡræm/ n. 克34. □ pack /pæk/ n. 小盒，小包；v.打包；装箱；挤进；塞满；压实packed /pækt/ adj挤满人的，非常拥挤的a pack of lies一派谎言pack away 〈非正〉吃很多；将（某物）收拾起来pack down 把…压实pack in把…塞入,吸引大量(观众)pack into塞进; 挤进pack it in停止; 放弃pack off寄掉,匆促地离开,把…打发走pack out使(剧院)满座，填满pack up捆好东西,收拾工具,停止工作packed with sth充满某物的，有大量某物的35. □ comfort /ˈkʌmfət/ n. 安慰，慰藉v.安慰，抚慰comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ adj.使人舒服的；愉快放松的；自在的comfortably /ˈkʌmftəbli/ adv.舒服地；舒适地；安逸地；自信地comforting /ˈkʌmfətɪŋ/ adj.安慰的；令人欣慰的comfy /ˈkʌmfi/ adj.舒服的;舒适的in comfort舒适地of comfort 振作It is a comfort to do sth做......是件令人慰藉的事。

Unit 4 重点语法定语从句之关系代词一、单项选择1．Finally, the thief handed everything_______ he had stolen to the police .A．which B．what C．whatever D．that2．Here is my classmate _____ bicycle was lost yesterday.A．his B．that C．whose D．which 3．Anything _____ could be found has been used to repair the damaged bridge.A．which B．that C．what D．不填4．They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school. A．which B．thatC．who D．whom5．When you go by train, make sure you take an express, ___________stops only at big stations. A．one B．one that C．that D．what6．How many students are there in your class ________ homes are in the country?A．whose B．who C．whom D．which7．This is the biggest lab__________we have ever built in our university.A．which B．what C．that D．Where8．He is not such a man ________ cares for himself only.A．who B．that C．whom D．as9．Here is my classmate ________ bicycle was lost yesterday.A．his B．that C．which D．whose 10．These books are for students ________ mother language is not English.A．of whom B．that C．which D．whose11．This is the office ________ my parents are visiting now.A．which B．what C．who D．where 12．We’ll have our picnic in the place _____ most of us like best.A．where B．which C．who D．as13．In the police station I saw the man from __________ room the thief had stolen the TV set. A．whom B．which C．that D．whose14．I don’t like such a person _____ often lies before your face.A．what B．that C．as D．which15．We should learn from those­­ _____ are always ready to help others.A．who B．whom C．they D．that16．Guilin is the most beautiful place _______ people all over the world want to visit.A．where B．which C．what D．that17．I’ve never seen such an interesting film ________ we saw last night.A．when B．as C．that D．which18．People ________do exercise every day have a better chance of staying healthy than those ________don’t. A．who; /B．/; who C．who; who D．/; /19．He is the person _______,I believe, has the ability to do this challenging job.A．who B．whomC．him D．which20．The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.A．that B．whichC．whose D．what21．I think I’m not the kind of person ________ likes to sharing everything with others.A．what B．which C．who D．when22．When they met again, the two friends talked about lots of things and persons ______.we could remember in the school.A．who B．whom C．that D．which23．He’s from Shanghai, ________ population is the largest of all cities in China.A．whose B．its C．which D．that24．Those ________ are not fit for the work should leave office at once.A．who B．which C．that D．whom25．The student ____ can speak good English is my best friend.A．whom B．whose C．who D．when26．She likes the car her husband gave her as a birthday present.A．whom B．whose C．who D．which27．He has grown to be such a helpful man _____ is praised and respected by the public.A．as B．which C．who D．whom28．This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.A．where B．which C．that D．it29．The girl ______ is the tallest in our class sat next to me.A．who B．whom C．which D．what30．The room ___________ window is open is mine.A．which B．its C．that D．whose 31．On my way home in the street I saw a lady ________ I thought was your aunt.A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 32．She is such a good girl _____ we all like.A．whom B．as C．that D．who 33．—Brown, did you agree with Sally’s idea at the meeting?—Certainly. What she referred to was the very idea ________ I wanted to come up with. A．that B．which C．what D．why34．In the park I saw an old lady I thought was your grandmother.A．who B．whom C．which D．whoever 35．Mr. Johnson’s son ______ lives in Chicago is a doctor.A．who B．whom C．whose D．which二、用单词的适当形式完成句子36．用适当的关系代词填空①My father bought a new bike for me___________ price added up to more than 1,000 yuan.①She said she would do anything___________could help her mother recover from the disease.①Anyone___________has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.①The boy and the dog___________are in the picture are very lovely.①The earthquake___________hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.①We don’t know the number of people___________lost their homes in the disaster.①Hany is the boy___________mother is our maths teacher.①Do you still remember the chicken farm___________we visited three months ago?①All___________we need is enough rest after long hours’ work.①Have you read the book___________was written by Anne Frank?37．用正确的关系代词填空。

Unit 4 Meeting the muse1.Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist,whose large sculptures are ondisplay all over the world.弗洛伦蒂安·霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家,他的大型雕塑作品在世界各地展出。

2.Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk talespassed down through the generations.霍夫曼对《浮鱼》的灵感来源于世代相传的中国民间故事。

3.This story came to life for Hofman when he visited Wuzhen and sawhow people lived there.当霍夫曼在乌镇看到人们是如何在那里生活的时候,这个故事就鲜活了起来。

4.It gave me a chance to go deeper into the lives of various ethnic groups...它给了我一个深入了解各个民族生活的机会……5.My dance comes from their traditional belief and aims to bring out the Dai women’s beauty.1/ 5我的舞蹈来源于他们的传统信仰,旨在展现傣族妇女的美丽。

6.I was determined to see the painting,which is often called the“Mona Lisa of the North”.我决心去看这幅画,它常被称为“北方的蒙娜·丽莎”。

7.The highly-skilled artist is voicing her attitude through the natural form of a storm.这位技艺高超的艺术家正以暴风雨的自然形式表达她的态度。

名师原创：Unit4 单元考点突破●词汇精讲1. familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的【原句再现】When I’m away in places new, with no familiar faces in view, I gives me pleasure to think of you and the adventures we’ve been through.【词块积累】unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓sb. be familiar with sb./sth. 某人熟悉某人或某物sth/sb. be familiar to sb. 某物对于某人来说是熟悉的【精品例句】They are already familiar faces on our TV screens.他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了I use Christmas as an example because it is familiar to most readers.我以圣诞节为例，是因为大多数读者对这个节日很熟悉The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland.你最熟悉的主题公园大概是迪士尼乐园【高考链接】Thomas Edison was familiar ____ the people all over the world. (广东卷.语法填空)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）These young people are all familiar _____ these hot words online. (with)The story book are familiar _____ us. (to)2. track vt. 跟踪，追踪；n.足迹，轨道，车辙，小路，跑道【原句再现】How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends?【词块积累】follow one’s tracks 跟踪某人a single/double track 单/双轨track events 径赛项目keep track of…与…保持联系；了解…动态lose track of…失去…线索；与…失去联系；忘记【精品例句】We saw wild animals’ tracks near the cave. 在岩洞附近，我们看到了野生动物的足迹It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track.我只要沿着一天泥泞的小路不行几分钟就到学校了They ran five times round the track. 他绕跑道跑了五圈They read the newspapers every day to keep track of current events.他们每天阅读报纸，以了解时事The police have lost track of the criminals. 警方已失去罪犯的线索I had so much fun that I lost track of time. 我玩得很愉快，以至于忘了时间【高考链接】At last, I lost track ____ my good friend. ( 陕西卷) (of)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）I have been keeping track ___ Mary in England for these years. (of)3. prefer vt.较喜欢；更喜欢；喜欢……多于……;【原句再现】How do you prefer to make friends.【词块积累】preference. 喜爱；偏爱；优待；优先show/have preference for偏爱…prefer to do sth/prefer doing sth. 更想做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 更想让某人做某事prefer A to B比起B更喜欢A. to为介词A，B既可以是名词也可以是动名词prefer to do A rather than do B. 宁愿做A不愿做B=would rather do A than do B=would do A rather than do B【精品例句】I prefer walking/to walk alone after a day’s work.I prefer you to drive, if you don’t mind.They preferred good news to bad.I prefer singing to acting.As a teacher, he should not show preference for any of his students【高考链接】We can eat out if you like, but I would _____ (preference) to stay in. （陕西卷）(prefer) 【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式I prefer the red dress _____ the green one because it fits me better. (to)I would prefer _____ (read) books to watching TV. (reading)4. thanks to…多亏，幸亏，由于【原句再现】Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.【词块积累】Thanksgiving 感恩节thanks for…谢谢…many thanks/thanks a lot. 多谢bow one’s thanks 鞠躬致谢no thanks to…并非由于…【精品例句】Thanks for your advice. 谢谢你的建议Thanks to his help, my speech was so successful that everyone cheered for me.多亏他的帮助，我的演讲才如此成功，人人都为我喝彩【高考链接】Thanks ___ your help yesterday. (江苏.语法填空) (for)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）Thanks ____ your warning, he escaped being hurt. (to)5.advance vt & vi (使) 进展；(使) 进步；(尤指士兵)前进；向前移动；(时间) 提前；(价格)上涨；预支(钱)；n. 进步；进展【原句再现】Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.【词块积累】advanced adj. 先进的；高级的make great advances取得很大进展technological/scientific/medical advances技术/ 科学/医学上的进步in advance (of) 提前(….)；预先(…)advance warning/planning/booking 预先警告/计划/订购【精品例句】The army advanced across the plain.军队前进穿过平原We have advanced greatly in our knowledge of the universe.我们对宇宙的认识取得了很大的进步This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.这项研究非常有助于我们提高对语言学习的认识The date of the meeting was advanced from July 10 to July 1.会议日期已从7月10日提早到7月日We are willing to advance the money to you.我们愿意把钱预支给你Name three advances in science and technology al this time.说出这段时间的三项科技进步Thank you in advance. 先行致谢We received no advance warning of smog. 我们没有收到雾霾预警【高考链接】This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. (湖北课改卷) (in)Thanks to the ______ (advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. (北京卷)(advanced)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式When students were told my rule ______________ advance of the class, some of them were not happy. (in)She was educated at Beijing University those years, after which she went on to have her __________ (advanced ) study abroad. (advanced)6. tend vt & vi照料; 护理; 倾向; 趋【原句再现】On social media, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.【词块积累】tendency n. 趋势; 倾向tend to/toward(s) sth. 倾向于; 有…的趋势tend to do sth. 易于做某事;往往会做某事tend (to) the sick 护理病人display artistic tendencies 显示出对艺术的偏好criminal tendencies 有犯罪倾向【精品例句】The sort of music I listen to varies, but it tends toward light music.我所听的音乐形形色色，不过一般都是轻音乐I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.在读或听的时候，我往往会在头脑中形成图像I would like to tend the store for you while you're away.你不在时我愿意替你照看店铺。

1essonFour1定语从句的定义与分类在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

前者紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；后者主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。

2.关系代词的用法(I)WhO的用法：WhO指人，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。

(2)whom的用法：WhOm指人，在从句中作宾语，此时也可用WhO代替。

(3)whose的用法：whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。

它可以转化为“the+名词+ofWhiCh/whom"和"ofwhich/whom+the+名词”的形式。

(4)that和which的用法①WhiCh指物，that既可指人也可指物；它们在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，WhiCh 和that在从句中作宾语时可以省略。

②在限制性定语从句中，关系代词指物时只能用that而不用which的情况a.当先行词是a11,1itt1e,few,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等词时。

b.当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

c.当先行词被theon1y,thevery,thesame,theright等修饰时。

d.当先行词既有人又有物时。

③句中其他位置已出现与关系代词相同的疑问词时，应避免重复。

难点分析一：(I)Whatif用于提出假设时，意思是“倘若……，假若……怎么办，要是……将会怎么样”，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或ShOUk1+动词原形；若是针对过去情况，从句则用过去完成时)。

(2)Whatif表示邀请或建议时，意思是“……怎么样？如果……如何？”。

Unit4 Friends forever 知识点一、核心单词（A）写作词汇——写词形1.________adv.永远2. ________v.保持，维持3. ________n.无线网络，无线上网4. ________v.点击（鼠标）5. ________adj.数字的，数码的6. ________n.网站7. ________n.最新消息8. ________n.格言，谚语，警句9. ________v.获得，得到10. ________n.商品11. ________n.青少年，十几岁的孩子（13到19岁之间的孩子）12. ________v.灌，注，倒13. ________n.锅14. ________n.克15. ________n.小盒，小包16. ________n.片，薄片17. ________n.素质，品德18. ________v.使（事件、行动等）延期，推迟19________adj.普通的，平常的20. ________v拖，拉21. ________n.伙伴，搭档22. ________v.划（火柴）23. ________adj.简单的，朴素的24. ________n.场景25. ________adv.痛苦地，愤恨地26. ________n.个性，性格________27. ________n.气氛，氛围，环境________（B）阅读词汇——明词义________1.criminal n. ________2.bathwater n. ________3.illustrate v. ________4.diagram n. ________5.passion n. ________6.scar n. ________7.dine v. ________8.chum n. ________9.chap n. ________10.destiny n. ________11.correspond v. ________12.proposition n. ________13.hustle v. ________14.staunch adj. ________15.excerpt n. ________16.cigar n. ________（C）拓展词汇——灵活用1. ________adj.熟悉的→________adj.陌生的，不熟悉的→________n.熟悉，通晓；认识→________adv.友好随便地；（过分）亲昵地；人们熟悉地2. ________n.历险（经历），奇遇→________adj.有冒险精神的；新奇的；惊险的3. ________v.更喜欢→________n.偏爱；爱好4. ________v.递送，传送→________n.传送，递送；交付；分娩；演讲方式5. ________n进步，进展→________adj.先进的；高级的；高等的6. ________ad.重大地，显著地→________ad.有重大意义的；重要的→________n.意义；含义；重要性7. ________v.使可能，使发生→________adj.有能力的→________n.能力8. ________adj.异常的，不平常的→________adj.通常的→________adv.通常地；正常地；经常地9. ________v.易于做某事，往往会发生某事→________n.倾向；趋势10. ________v.证明，证实→________n.证据，证明11. ________adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的→________v.鼓舞；激励→________n.鼓舞；启示；灵感12. ________n.安慰，慰藉→________adj.使人舒服的；舒适的；自在的13. ________n.耐心→________adj.有耐心的n.病人→________adv.耐心地14. ________n.慷慨，大方→________adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽宏大量的，仁慈的15. ________n.幽默感→________adj.幽默的16. ________adj.焦虑的，不安的→________adv.焦虑地→________n.焦虑；担心；渴望17. ________v.使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系n.距离→________adj.遥远的；冷淡的18. ________n.大笔的钱，巨款→________adj.幸运的→________adv.幸运地19. ________adj.约定的，指定的→________v.安排，确定（时间、地点）；任命，委派→________n.预约，约定；任命，委派20. ________adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的→________n.羞愧；羞愧感vt.使羞愧21. ________v.（卷着的东西）展开，打开→________v.折叠，对折（纸、织物等）22. ________n.地点，位置→________v.找出……的准确位置；确定……的准确地点；把……安置在（或建造于）23. ________n.周围的事物，环境→________v.围绕；环绕二、重点短语1. ________与……交流2. ________与……保持联系3. ________不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态4. ________归功于……，多亏……5. ________从事，忙于；能胜任；多达6. ________将……与……联系起来7. ________找到（解决办法）：计算8. ________把……倒入……9. ________集中于……；使聚焦于……10. ________以……为背景11. ________某人发财12. ________应该，应当13. ________收到……的信14. ________（意外地或终于）出现15. in view ________16. face to face ________17. social media ________18. keep... in mind ________19. throw the baby out with the bathwater ________20. be open to ________21. feel down ________22. begin with ________23. leave work ________24. start for ________25. be ashamed of ________26. long for ________27. in one's thirties ________28. in surprise ________三、经典结构1.如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与你的朋友们失去联系，你会作何感受？How would you feel if ________ ________ ________ ________ ________meant losing track of your friends?2.要是获得来自远方朋友的消息的唯一方法是写信，这些信需要很长时间才能被送到，会怎么样呢？________ ________ the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered?3.你所需要的一切是无线网络的连接。