高考英语动词被动语态
- 格式:ppt
- 大小:204.00 KB
- 文档页数:19
高中英语被动语态总结一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式.被动语态由be+过去分词构成, be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例, 各种时态的被动语态形式为:1.am/is/ar.+don.(过去分词.一般现在时. 2.ha./hav.bee.don.现在完成时3.am/i./ar.bein.don.现在进行时4.was/wer.don.一般过去时5.ha.bee.don.过去完成时6.was/wer.bein.don.过去进行时7.shall/wil.b.don.一般将来时8.should/woul.b.don.过去将来时9.shall/wil.hav.bee.don.将来完成时(少用)10.should/woul.hav.bee.don.过去将来完成时(少用)2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为: 情态动词+be+过去分词。
例Th.bab.shoul.b.take.goo.car.o.b.th.baby-sitter.2.有些动词可以有两个宾语, 在用于被动结构时, 可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例Hi.mothe.gav.hi..presen.fo.hi.birthday.可改.H.wa.give..presen.b.hi.mothe.fo.hi.birthday.3.当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时, 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 其余不动。
例Someon.caugh.th.bo.smokin..cigarette.可改为Th.bo.wa.caugh.smokin..cigarette.4)在使役动词have.make.get以及感官动词see.watch.notice.hear.feel.observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时, 在主动结构中不定式to要省略, 但变为被动结构时, 要加to。
高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大关键一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词构成。
其中,助动词的形式根据句子中的时态、语态和人称的变化而变化。
二、被动语态的基本含义被动语态用于强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。
被动语态常见于科技说明、新闻报道或事物描述等场景。
三、被动语态的运用1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时:- The book was left on the table yesterday.- 在昨天,这本书被留在了桌子上。
2. 当动作的执行者非常明确或已经提到过时:- 比赛的获胜者将在明天宣布。
3. 在官方通告、规章制度或说明书中:- Visitors are required to wear masks in the museum.- 游客在博物馆必须佩戴口罩。
4. 当强调动作的接受者时:- The necklace was given to her by her grandmother.- 这条项链是她奶奶送给她的。
5. 使用被动语态使句子更加简洁,避免过多的主动语态:- 预计该项目将在今年年底完成。
6. 被动语态还可以用于书面表达中,使文风更加正式:- It has been decided that a meeting will be held next week.- 已决定下周将召开一次会议。
四、被动语态的注意事项1. 当宾语是人时,可在被动语态中使用介词“by”表示动作的执行者:- The letter was written by Mike.- 这封信是迈克写的。
2. 当句子中有两个宾语时,常用“to”或“for”引导的宾语作为被动结构的主语:- She was given a gift by her friend.- 她得到了一个礼物,是她的朋友给的。
3. 当动词是不及物动词时,需要加上适当的介词才能使用被动语态:- The meeting was talked about by everyone.- 每个人都在谈论会议。
高三英语基础知识复习——被动语态【本讲主要内容】英语基础知识复习——被动语态【知识总结归纳】英语动词有主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
1. 被动语态的构成:被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
助动词有人称,数和时态的变化。
掌the smoke.His work was stopped by the loud noise outside.The water in the pot is being turned into vapor.The cup had at last been returned to the professor.By the end of this year, about 1,000 cars will be have been produced.被动语态用于不知道动作的执行者,或没有必要说出动作的执行者,有时出于礼貌不便说出动作的执行者,或者强调动作的承受者等场合。
The room hasn’t been used for ten years.You are invited to give a speech in the meeting.2. 学习被动语态时宜注意的要点1)注意下列各种被动语态结构:(1)带情态动词的被动句The clothes must be taken away from the heat of fire.衣服必须从炉火边拿走。
Sugar can be changed into starch.糖能被变成淀粉She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached or felt 她让我接触一切可以摸到或感觉到的东西。
(2)含短语动词的被动语态注意短语动词中的介词或副词等不可丢掉。
如:In the eye of law,slavery was done away with in America.从法律的观点来看,奴隶制在美国被废除了。
(英语)高考英语被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、单项选择被动语态1.Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth_________very well.A.has been told; washes B.had been told; washedC.was told; was washed D.had been told; was washed【答案】B【解析】考查时态与感官动词。
主句时态为过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语态,结合前面时态可知,应选washed。
句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布,因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。
故选B。
2.I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.A.have told; wash B.have been told; washC.was told; washed D.have been told; are washed【答案】B【解析】考察时态。
根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。
可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。
他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,故用一般现在时态。
选B。
3.Many subway sta ons, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a be er transport in the city.A.are construc ng B.are being constructed C.is construc ng D.is being constructed 【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。
⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯最新资料介绍⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯化态、人称和数的变的时被动语态化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完整同样。
以give为主要表此刻be的变例,列表以下::am / is / are + given时刻一般此:was / were +given一般过去时一般未来时:shall / will +be+ given:am / is / are + being + given此行时进刻:have / has + been + given此刻达成时:had + been + given过去达成时:was / were + being + given进行时去过:should / would +be+ given过去未来时未来达成时:shall /will + have been + given:should / would + have been + given过去未来达成时一,get done表被动词taste, smell, feel, sound, prove,stay,remain二,系动。
如:等可用主动形式表达被动意义起来很香。
些花闻1这These flowers smell sweet2 那听起来很有道理。
That sounds very reasonable.三,某些可用来表示主语内在质量或性能的不及物动词,如sell, write, wash, clean,形式表last(持久), wear(耐穿),等可用主动.如:达被动意义This kind of food sells well.。
销这类食品热This cloth washes well and lasts long.洗、耐穿。
这布料经The floor doesn’t clean easily.这地板不简单弄洁净。
用的不及物动四、某些与can’t won ’等t连词,如move,lock,shut, open等可用主动。
被动语态“五注意”动词的被动语态在语法中起着举足轻重的作用,也是历年高考考查的重点。
在学习时我们应注意以下几点:一、掌握被动语态的时态动词的被动语态是由动词be加上过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来。
如:Breakfast is provided in our hotel from 7 to 9 o’clock on weekdays.(一般现在时的被动语态)We haven’t moved into the new house because the rooms are being painted. (现在进行时的被动语态)The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.(一般将来时的被动语态)Two big towers were being built there at that time.(过去进行时的被动语态)My hometown was liberated in 1949 and now it has been turned into a beautiful city.(一般过去时的被动语态)The doctor has already been sent for.(现在完成时的被动语态)When firefighters arrived, the big fire had been put out.(过去完成时的被动语态)二、注意短语动词的被动语态有不少短语动词相当于及物动词,所以这些短语动词亦有被动语态。
如:Many interesting experiments are carried out in our laboratory.He is often made fun of for this by his classmates.有些由“动词+ 名词+ 介词”构成的短语动词,变成被动语态时可以将其中的名词变为被动语态的主语。
被动语态★被动语态的基本形式:英语中的被动语态由be done(vt.的过去分词) 构成。
其人称、数和时态的变化通过be 的变化表现出来的。
以实义动词do为例,在常见时态中,其被动语态的基本形式如下:㈠谓语动词的被动语态注强调动作被执行。
常见短语:get lost/ married/ paid/ hurt/ burnt/ broken/ drunk/ killed drowned/ cheated/ separated/dressed/ injured 等等。
an dt h i neg: ① How did you get lost in the mountain ? ② They got married two months after their first sight. ㈡ 非谓语动词的被动语态★主动语态表被动意义的情况:① 感官动词, 系动词feel, look, taste, smell, sound 动词 read ,write ,sell, wash, clean, lock, dry, wear 等表主语的属性特征;表示开始,结束,运动的动词begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move 等;用作谓语时,句子主语含有被动关系,但并不表示动作被执行,故不需用被动语态。
如:1. W hat he said proved to be reasonable.2. T he water in winter feels cold.3. W hatever my mother cooks taste delicious.4. Y ou hairstyle looks vary fashionable.5. T his pen writes well.6. T he door won’t lock.7. T he red coat of mine washes well.8. T he shop closes at 10 o’clock every morning. 9. T he meeting ended in an friendly atmosphere.②sb./sth. + be+ adj. to do ,此句中不定式to do 与主语sb./sth. 关系。
高考英语基础语法:动词时态与被动语态详解在高考英语中,动词时态和被动语态是语法的重要组成部分,对于准确理解和表达英语句子的含义起着关键作用。
下面,咱们就来详细地探讨一下这两个重要的语法点。
首先,咱们来聊聊动词时态。
动词时态简单来说就是表示动作发生的时间和状态。
英语中常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时和将来完成时等。
一般现在时通常用于表示经常发生的动作、客观事实或真理。
比如说,“The sun rises in the east”(太阳从东方升起。
)这就是一个客观事实,用一般现在时。
再比如,“I play basketball every weekend”(我每个周末都打篮球。
)这里表示经常发生的动作。
一般过去时呢,则是用来描述过去发生的动作。
“I went to Beijing last year”(我去年去了北京。
)在这个句子里,“went”就是过去式,表示过去的动作。
一般将来时是用于表示将来要发生的动作。
“I will go to the cinema tomorrow”(我明天要去电影院。
)“will +动词原形”就体现了将来时态。
现在进行时表示正在进行的动作。
“I am reading a book now”(我现在正在读书。
)“be +动词的现在分词”构成现在进行时。
过去进行时用于描述过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
“I was watching TV at 8 o'clock yesterday evening”(昨天晚上 8 点我正在看电视。
)将来进行时相对用得少一些,它表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作。
比如,“This time next week, I will be having a meeting”(下周这个时候,我将正在开会。
)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
“I have finished my homework”(我已经完成了作业。
高考英语知识点解析被动语态的构成与用法高考英语知识点解析:被动语态的构成与用法在高考英语中,被动语态是一个重要的语法知识点,掌握其构成与用法对于我们正确理解和运用英语语言至关重要。
下面就让我们一起来详细了解一下被动语态。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成通常由“be 动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
其中,be 动词的形式根据时态的不同而变化,过去分词则保持不变。
1、一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are +过去分词例如:The book is read by many people(这本书被很多人读。
)2、一般过去时的被动语态:was/were +过去分词例如:The house was built last year(这座房子是去年建的。
)3、一般将来时的被动语态:will be +过去分词或 be going to be +过去分词例如:The meeting will be held tomorrow (会议将在明天举行。
)The sports meeting is going to be held next week (运动会将在下周举行。
)4、现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are + being +过去分词例如:The problem is being discussed now (这个问题正在被讨论。
)5、过去进行时的被动语态:was/were + being +过去分词例如:The bridge was being repaired at that time (那时桥正在被修。
)6、现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been +过去分词例如:The work has been finished (工作已经完成了。
)7、过去完成时的被动语态:had been +过去分词例如:The task had been completed before I arrived (在我到达之前任务已经完成了。
高考英语语法专题被动语态高频考点被动语态的用法:考点一、主动语态变为被动语态考点二、各种时态被动转换Sth am/is/are doneSth was/were doneSth am/is/are being doneSth was/were being doneSth will be doneSth would be doneSth has/have been doneSth had been done考点三、含有双宾语,可变为两个被动语态考点四、含宾补被动构成带宾补的被动语态结构一带宾补的被动语态结构二考点五、短语动词的被动语态1.短语动词的被动语态:短语动词是一个整体,变为被动时不可丢掉后面的介词或副词,通常可以变为两种被动。
例如:We make use of our time to study.①Time is made use of to study.①Use is made of time to study.2.类似的短语动词有Make use of----sth be made use of//use be made ofPlay a role of---sth is played a role of/ a role is played ofPay attention to考点六、表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand 等组成。
例如:It is said that…据说It is reported that… 据报道It is believed that…大家相信It is hoped that…大家希望It is well known that… 众所周知It is thought that…大家认为It is suggested that…据建议It is taken granted that…被视为当然It has been decided that… 大家决定It must be remember that… 务必记住的是考点七、不用被动语态的情况(一)系动词look,sound,taste,smell ,feel,go ,grow无被动(二)不及物动词appear, die ,disappear, end, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand 与不及物动词短语break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等无被动语态.(三)及物动词cost, leave, enter, reach, suit, have, wish, hold, own, lack, fit, resemble, jump, mind也无被动.(四)有些及物的短语动词agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, walk into, belong to也无被动.(五)宾语是反身代词、相互代词、同源宾语、不定式、v-ing形式及抽象名词等,都不能变为被动句子的主语.考点八、主动形式表示被动意义(一)blame, let, rent(二)在worth时用主动表被动(worthy/worthwhile用法)(三)在need, require, want, deserve doing.主动表被动(四)raise risemiss loseremain leavecome about bring aboutcome up come up withrun out run out ofgo out put outgrow up bring upmake sense make sense of(五)wash, clean, cook, sell, read, wear, draw, write, sell等。
被动语态
概述:
高考中,被动语态的考察通常是跟时态紧密结合的。
考生需要在透彻理解被动语态含义的基础上,注意其与各种时态的结合。
、
知识点梳理:
I 语态含义:语态是动词的一种形式,用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系的。
1)主语——谓语动词主语是谓语动词的发出者主动语态
2)主语——谓语动词主语是谓语动词的承受者被动语态
II 被动语态的构成Be + done
<注> 在使用中,还有一种形式:get + done。
两者的区别(get更强调行为的过程,be 侧重说明一种状态)例:My little brother got scolded. 我的小弟弟受到了训斥。
The twins were caught in the rain. 这对双胞胎淋了雨。
<注> 一般都是用by来引出动作的实施者(主动语态的主语)。
但有时,也会使用with,强调手段,方式,工具例:The cat was killed by a heavy stone. 猫被(掉下来的)大石头砸死了。
The cat was killed with a heavy stone. 猫被(人用)大石头砸死了。
VI 被动语态的时态问题
VII 被动语态的注意事项
1.与情态动词的连用情态动词+be done
You might be asked to speak at the meeting.
These books may be appreciated better by older children.
3.主动表被动的情况。