【高考英语】2018-2019学年最新英语高考一轮复习课件：第一讲 冠词、代词

(9)有些不可数名词如 knowledge，collection，understanding 等是由其动词转化而来，它们后面加“of...”时，前面需用不定冠 词 a/an。
①Qingdao is a most beautiful city. ②Although he has failed twice，he would like to try a third time. ③Many people agreed that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.
二、定冠词 定冠词的用法 (1)与某些可数名词单数连用，表示一类人或事物； (2)用在上文已出现过或说话双方“by＋the ＋表示具体单位的名词”。 ①The camel is a very useful animal in desert. ②— Did you enjoy yourself yesterday? — Yes, as you know, the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere. ③Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour. (4)用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前； (5)用在定语从句或 of 词组修饰的名词之前；
on the right 在右边 the other day 前几天 make the most of 充分利用 on the contrary 相反
(3)零冠词的常用搭配： “by＋ 交通工具”表示“乘坐……” play chess/card/football 下象棋/打牌/踢足球 in hospital 住院 go to church 去做礼拜 go to school 去上学 go to bed 睡觉 at table 在进餐 be in charge of 负责……

易混知识 易错清单
易混 有无冠词意义不同的搭配
600分考点 完全掌握
考点1 不定冠词
分考点1 不定冠词的基本用法 分考点2 不定冠词用于固定搭配中
分考点1 Point 1
不定冠词的基本用 法
用于第一次提到或出现的名词前，表泛指，不特别指明具体 情况。
· There is a cup on the table. The cup is red.
分考点2


不定冠词用于固定搭配 中
1.突然 2.事实上 3.不知所措；困惑 4.参观；拜访 5.在节食/开始节食 6. 让某人搭便车 7.因此 8.由于„„
1.all of a sudden 2.as a matter of fact 3.at a loss 4.be on a visit 5.be/go on a diet 6.give sb.result of…
· He works eight hours a day and seven days a week.
他每天工作八小时，每周工作七天。
分考点1 Point 5
表示不确定的“某一个”，相当于a certain。
不定冠词的基本用 法
· A Miss Zhao came to see you while you were absent.

17.谋生 18. 散步 19. 休息一会儿 20.在某种程度上 21.从前 22.总体上 23.通常 24.在某种意义上
分考点2
25. take an interest in… 26. for a while 27. a number of 28. pay a visit to
定冠词的基本用法

in danger在危险中 side by side并排from time to time不时地 hand in hand手拉手
day after day日复一日地 heart and soul全心全意
当U发音为“^”时，冠词用aneg: an umbrella au unusual boy
有些辅音开口的单词发音为元音eg: an honest boy an hour an honour
固定短语突然：all of a sudden事实上：in fact = as a matter of fact一个…..的问题：a matter of…暂时，一会儿：for a while知道：have a knowledge of….
the
The
The
the
零冠词基本用法1. 复数名词或不可数名词表泛指时, 其前不加冠词。Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.2. 表示学科名称、球类、棋类等的名词前不用冠词。The boys are playing basketball.3. 表示独一无二的职位、头衔、称呼的名词作表语、同位语或补语时，其前通常不加冠词。He was elected chairmen of the committee.4. 用于固定搭配中at first, in fact, by mistake, hand in hand, come to power
6.用于表示度量单位的单数名词前，如by the hour/day/week/kilo等。 按小时：by the hour 按天：by the day7. 用于“动词（hit, strike, pull, take等）+ sb. + 介词 + the +表示身体某部位的名词”结构中。8.定冠词用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the sun，the earth，the world

Unit 1 Festivals around the world一、刷黑板——词汇全听写先过识记默写关Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．seasonal adj.季节的；季节性的2．ancestor n. 祖先；祖宗3．feast n. 节日；盛宴4．skull n. 头脑；头骨5．bone n. 骨；骨头6．rooster n. 雄禽；公鸡7．carnival n. 狂欢节；(四旬斋前的)饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会)[第二屏听写]8．lunar adj.月的；月亮的；阴历的9．Easter n. (耶稣)复活节10．parade n. 游行；阅兵；检阅11．Christian n. 基督徒；信徒adj.基督教的；信基督教的12．blossom n. 花vi.开花13．weave vt.& vi.编织；(使)迂回前进14．herd n. 牧群；兽群[第三屏听写]Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)1．beauty n．美；美人2．harvest n．& vt.& vi.收获；收割3．celebration n. 庆祝；祝贺4．hunter n. 狩猎者；猎人5．starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死6．origin n. 起源；由来；起因7．religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的8．belief n. 信任；信心；信仰[第四屏听写]9．trick n．诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗10．poet n. 诗人11．arrival n. 到来；到达；到达者12．gain vt.获得；得到13．independence n. 独立；自主14．independent adj.独立的；自主的15．gather vt.& vi.搜集；集合；聚集16．agriculture n. 农业；农艺；农学[第五屏听写]17．agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的18．award n. 奖；奖品vt.授予；判定19．admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕20．energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的21．clothing n. 衣服22．custom n. 习惯；风俗23．worldwide adj.遍及全世界的；世界性的[第五屏听写]24．fool n．愚人；白痴；受骗者vt.愚弄；欺骗vi.干傻事；开玩笑adj.傻的25．permission n. 许可；允许26．parking n. (汽车等)停放27．apologize vi.道歉；辩白28．drown vt.&vi.淹没；溺死；淹死29．sadness n. 悲哀；悲伤[第七屏听写]30．obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的31．wipe vt.擦；揩；擦去32．weep vi.哭泣；流泪n. 哭；哭泣33．remind vt.提醒；使想起34．forgive vt.原谅；饶恕35．take_place 发生36．in_memory_of 纪念；追念37．dress_up 穿上盛装；打扮；装饰38．play_a_trick_on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑[第八屏听写]39．look_forward_to 期望；期待；盼望40．day_and_night 日夜；昼夜；整天41．as_though 好像42．have_fun_with 玩得开心43．parking_lot 停车场44．turn_up 出现；到场45．keep_one's_word 守信用；履行诺言46．hold_one's_breath 屏息；屏气47．set_off 出发；动身；使爆炸48．remind_..._of_... 使……想起……二、刷清单——热身自盘点再过基本应用关(一)核心单词阅读单词1.seasonal adj.季节的；季节性的2．ancestor n. 祖先；祖宗3．feast n. 节日；盛宴4．skull n. 头脑；头骨5.bone n. 骨；骨头6．rooster n. 雄禽；公鸡7．carnival n. 狂欢节；(四旬斋前的)饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会)8．lunar adj.月的；月亮的；阴历的9.parade n．游行；阅兵；检阅10．blossom n. 花vi.开花11．weave vt.&vi.(wove, woven)编织；(使)迂回前进12．herd n. 牧群；兽群表达单词1.belief n．信任；信心；信仰2．trick n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗[语境活用]1．My father has much belief (信任) indoctors of traditional Chinesemedicine.2．Tom gained (获得) friendship and3．award n. 奖；奖品vt.授予；判定4．custom n. 习惯；风俗5．gain vt.获得；得到6．obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的7．remind vt.提醒；使想起8．forgive vt. (forgave,forgiven)原谅；饶恕9．gather vt.&vi.搜集；集合；聚集10．worldwide adj.遍及全世界的；世界性的experience from the local residents, working with them for three years. 3．He was awarded (授予) the first prize in the competition.4．Stepping into the gate of the school always reminds (提醒) me of the responsibility I carry as a student. 5．As we know, it is difficult to get used to another country's customs (习俗)．6．The people_gathered (聚集) round, curious to know what was happening. 7．They have three small children to bring up so for obvious (明显的) reasons they need money.拓展单词1.admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admiration n．赞赏；钦佩；羡慕→admirable adj.令人羡慕的；值得赞赏的2．celebration n．庆祝；祝贺→celebrate v．庆祝；祝贺3．starve vi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→starvation n．饿死；挨饿4．origin n．起源；由来；起因→original adj.原始的；最初的→originally adv.起初5．religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的→religionn．宗教信仰6．arrival n．到来；到达；到达者→arrive vi.到达7．independent adj.独立的；自主的→independence n．独立；自主→dependence n．依靠；[语境活用]1．Don't wait for an apology. Many timesthe person who hurt you does not intendto apologize.(apologize)2．They are celebrating the Dragon BoatFestival and many people are joining inthe celebration.(celebrate)3．Because of his admirable success inplaying basketball, many teenagersadmire Jeremy Lin and think he deservestheir admiration.(admire)4．It is originally thought to be a plantof Africa, but no one knows exactly theorigin of this plant, because we don'thave any original material aboutit.(origin)5．Since the country gained itsindependence,_it has been independentof any powerful country.(independence)6．Even if you have a permit,_I won't依赖8．agriculture n．农业；农艺；农学→agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的9．energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energyn．能量；精力10．permission n．许可；允许→permit vt.许可；准许n.许可证11．apologize vi.道歉；辩白→apology n．道歉；辩白12．sadness n．悲哀；悲伤→sad adj.难过的；悲哀的permit you to enter the hall without my permission.(permit)7．After three days without food, the men were close to starvation. If we had come later, they would have starved to death.(starve)写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.take_place 发生2．in_memory_of 纪念；追念3．dress_up 穿上盛装；打扮；装饰4．play_a_trick_on 搞恶作剧；开玩笑；诈骗5．look_forward_to 期望；期待；盼望6．day_and_night 日夜；昼夜；整天7．turn_up 出现；到场8．keep_one's_word 守信用；履行诺言9．hold_one's_breath 屏息；屏气10．have_fun_with 玩得开心11．set_off 出发；动身；使爆炸；引起12．remind_..._of_... 使……想起……1.At the play, Mr. Green dressed_up as a policeman with dark glasses.2．When the sports hero turned_up at our party, he was welcomed with open arms. 3．We're looking_forward_to seeing the new policy carried out, which has drawn many people's attention.4．Great changes have_taken_place in this mountain area in the past few years.5．If uncontrolled, the shortage would set_off a new rise in meat prices.6．In order to get ready for theexamination, the students arestudying day_and_night.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.At that time people wouldstarve if food wasdifficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。