2014年12月英语六级考试3

2014年12月英语六级考试(新题型)预测试卷(3)Part I Writing.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic My View on Genetically Modified Foods．You can analyze the reasons why some people are for while others against genetically modified foods(GMfoods) and finally give your own idea．You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words．Write your essay on Answer Sheet l．Section A2、回答2-11题At the height of Detroit's boom in the mid 20th century, this plant manufactured Packard automobiles, employing about 40,000 people．The promise of good pay and plenty of work at similar (36)_________around the city attracted people like Tennessee native George McGregor in the 1960s．Today, he's president of the United Auto Workers Local 22 in Detroit．"When I first came here, in the automobile factory, they were begging people to come．The hour (37)_________ was something like $3．25 an hour," he recalled．But the auto industry stopped begging when (38)_________ for American cars slowed and interest in foreign automobiles increased．The Packard brand became (39)_________ , and the hum of its once mighty factory is silent．Crumbling buildings are part of one of the largest vacant industrial complexes in the world．They (40)_________ Detroit's boom-to-bust story．"There were about a dozen auto factories, and you know very large (41)_________ , and over time those have been shut down to now there's only one left," Scorsone said．Economist Eric Scorsone, at Michigan State University, said although General Motors(42)_________ the most prominent set of buildings in downtown Detroit, the auto industry playsa much smaller role in the city's economy．"In fact, health care is the biggest employer now in the city," he said．There were about 300,000 auto factory jobs in Detroit in the 1950s, when the (43)_________ was around 1．8million．Today, there are fewer than 27,000 jobs in plants operated by Chrysler and GM, and the overall population is just above 700,000．"We got three casinos and two auto factories," McGregor explained．"We went from (44)_________ ．to gaming for jobs．" McGregor's UAW Local 22 Detroit (45) _________．workers at the GM Hamtramck plant still in operation here．A．inquireB．peopleC．demandD．makeE．boastsF．representsG．employeesH．symbolizeI．plants J．manufacturing K．extinct L．population M．employers N．standardO．rate请回答第36题_________3、请回答第37题_________4、请回答第38题_________5、请回答第39题_________6、请回答第40题_________7、请回答第41题_________8、请回答第42题_________9、请回答第43题_________10、请回答第44题_________ 11、请回答第45题_________一、听力选择题听音频：回答12-36题12、A．Jack spelled the fight word in the national contest．B．Jack got his due punishment．C．The university offered Jack right service．D．Jack was not allowed to take part in the competition．13、A．The book is no longer available．B．The book is out of stock．C．The book has never been published．D．The book has not been printed．14、A．He cannot enjoy her life．B．It is his last marriage．C．He is heavenly happy．D．His life is like a dream．15、A．She cannot live without TVB．Something stuck her with her TV screen．C．She is crazy about watching TV．D．She is keen on the TV serial．16、A．We should eliminate the negative effect of Hollywood．B．The negative effect of Hollywood movie should be realized．C．Hollywood movies actually do a lot of contribution to world movie industry．D．Hollywood movies are successful commercially and socially．17、A．PE should not be all optional course．B．The health of the society is not perfect．C．The students take their long—term interests seriously．D．PE should be a voluntary course．18、A．Tourism should consider the need of babies．B．The tourist industry is well．developed in the woman’s opinion．C．The woman thinks there is still space to develop for tourism in our country．D．The man thinks tourism is under-developed．19、A．They were both waiting in line for a film．B．Both of them were fans of a play writer．C．They both favored their work．D．They were selling tickets at the same time．20、听音频，回答下列问题A．Airplane designers expand the space of the first-class seats．B．A “spacious lounge”with fully equipped bar is installed in the first—class sections of the planes．C．The air-conditioning system in the first—class section is better than that of the coach．D．Some humidifiers are installed in the first—class cabins．21、A．Like economies，the resources on planes are limited．B．Everyone should enjoy the equal right on a plane．C．The society is unfair when transportation right is concerned．D．The rich should pay more money to enjoy better air．22、A．It suggests the polarization of the allotment of the social resources on the plane．B．More and more space and amenities are given to first-class passengers．C．Less space and fewer amenities are provided to coach passengers．D．The society is getting more and more balanced in wealth distribution．23、听音频，回答下列问题A．A freshmen and the chairman of a student union．B．A newcomer of a company and a personnel in charge of human resources．C．A boss and a prospective client．D．The managers of two business partners．24、A．She should bring them to one who is wanted．B．She should suggest the visitor to change the schedule．C．She should offer them coffee or tea and keep them waiting until he or she comes back．D．She should ask them to send fax later．25、A．Because sometimes e-mail system is not reliable．B．Because it is still a method of communication for the company and its customers．C．Because not everything can be clarified on the phone．D．Because it is the major means of communication for the company and its customers．26、A．8 hours．B．7 hours．C．9 hours．D．10 hours．27、听音频，回答下列问题A．The bike enthusiasts want to change the city's culture．B．The bike enthusiasts want to change people's health．C．The bike enthusiasts want to change citizen's living habits．D．The bike enthusiasts want to change the city's car congestion transportation．28、A．Because he is the member of bicycle enthusiasts．B．Because he just likes riding the bike．C．Because he likes the fact that it simplifies a lot of the aspects of travel．D．Because he cannot afford the car．29、A．That the participants are growing makes L．A, Bike Trains unique．B．That the length of the route ranges from 7 to 32km makes L．A．Bike Trains unique．C．The profound meaning makes L．A．Bike Trains unique．D．Its early launch time makes L．A．Bike Trains unique．30、听音频，回答下列问题A．In order to save energy．B．In order to protect the weak and old ones．C．In order to show beautiful shape of them．D．In order to keep teamwork spirit．31、A．The．birds can fly upward to the air．B．The birds are able to use the upward airstream．C．The birds can create airstream using their wingtips．D．The birds more rely on the front leading birds．32、A．To study how the birds decide the order of the flock．B．To study how the birds decide the route of the flock．C．To study how the birds decide the time of flying of the block．D．To study how the birds decide who takes charge of the flock．33、听音频，回答下列问题A．Today, about 14 percent are smokers．B．Today, about 80 percent are smokers．C．Today, about 18 percent are smokers．D．Today,．about 40 percent are smokers．34、A．Cigarette smoking still kills 443,000 Americans every year．B．Cigarette smoking still kills less than 443,000 Americans every year．C．Cigarette smoking still kills approximately 443,000 Americans every year．D．Cigarette smoking still kills over 443,000 Americans every year．35、A．Growing tobacco．B．Using tobacco and selling to individuals under the age of 18．C．Individuals under the age of 18 buying tobacco．D．Using tobacco．36、A．They may free from punishment for lighting up a cigarette．B．They can enjoy themselves by lighting up a cigarette．C．They may get a lesson for lighting up a cigarette．D．They may receive a fine for lighting up a cigarette．二、听力填空Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.37、回答以下题目Evidence from an increasing number of research studies suggests that limiting a child's screen time is the best approach．Screen time includes watching television and using the internet and other (26)_______ devices such as mobile phones, tablets and video games．Many studies have established positive (27)_______ between excessive TV and video game use and weight gain among children．But the effects aren't just physical---children who spend most of their time on electronic devices tend to be more insular and lacking in communication skills．The first two years are the most (28)_______ in a child's development．Early childhood is critical for brain development and (29)_______ of behaviour．Between two and four, even incremental television(30)_______ can delay development．The "Born for the Internet" baby: way too much screen time．Last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its (31)_______ for children's screen time: for those under two years ofage, it discourages any screen time, for older children, no more than two hours daily．Further, it suggests keeping media devices out of children's bedrooms, keeping family routines like mealtimes screen-free, and setting screen-free days for the whole family．How can parents limit their children's screen time? The (32)_______ is for them to be good role models themselves．The amount of time they spend in front of a screen is closely(33) _______ their parents' own habits, say University of Bristol researchers．Another good(34)_______ limiting screen time is through location rather than counting minutes．It's easier to say no (35)_______ at the table, than watch the clock．请回答第26题________38、请回答第27题________39、请回答第28题________40、请回答第29题________41、请回答第30题________42、请回答第31题________43、请回答第32题________44、请回答第33题________45、请回答第34题________46、请回答第35题________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.47、回答47-56题Can Your Still Work Your Way through College?A．The American Dream refers to the idea that a person has the opportunity to succeed and prosper, despite their economic or social backgrounds, through hard work．But if the rising cost of tuition prohibits students from working through college, Can the American Dream still be obtained?B．Thirty years ago, the cost of tuition was low enough at most public universities that students could pay their way through school by working throughout college．But since the average cost ofattendance for all 4-year public universities within a given state rises each year, this is now an almost impossible feat (功绩) ．80 percent of students work at least part-time during college．Recently the question of whether or not working your way through school has become a "thing of the past" was raised by Randy Olson, a graduate student at Michigan State University, who decided to investigate the issue at his own university．C．His research found that in 1979 at MSU, a student could work one day for any minimum wage job (8．44hours) at $2．90 per hour to pay for one credit hour of school．In 2013, the same student would have to work 60 hours to．pay for one credit hour based on the minimum wage of $7．25 per hour．D．The average price of tuition at 4-year public universities rose 2．9% in 2013．This was the smallest tuition increase in nearly 30 years．Since 2004, the average cost of attending a public university in a given state has continuously increased as well．Minimum wage only rose in ten states in 2013, while tuition went up in every state．E．With these numbers in mind, it's no surprise some students are working almost full time to pay for school．Ryan Rose, a sophomore at the University of Southern California, works about 30 hours a week to pay for his expenses．While ．the university covers his cost of attendance, he still feels the need to work to cover the high cost of living in Los Angeles．"If I went to school at home, I would have expenses that are more fun based, rather than things like buying food and paying rent," he says．"But I felt the educational appeal of USC was going to give me more money in the long run．"F．As a production manager for USC's "Trojan Events and Services," Rose handles the logistics of booking and planning events on USC's campus．Since his job reflects highly on the university, he feels a need to prioritize his work over other aspects of college．"It's changed my college experience because it creates stress that students who aren't working don't think about," Rose says．"There are times where I have to decide if an event is more important than a homework assignment because I care about the university's image．"G．Courtney Williams, a sophomore at Fullerton College, works three separate jobs to pay her way through community college．"I work about 45 hours per week．I wouldn't have three jobs if it weren't for the high cost of school．I'm paying my own way through college．．．I keep up with my studies but I feel like I lose out on college experiences," Williams says．H．Williams is transferring to Cal State Fullerton in the fall, using money she's saved up during her first two years at community college．"I got into all the schools I wanted when I applied in high school, but I didn't have enough money at the time．If the cost of college wasn't so high, maybe I could only work one job like a normal student," Williams says．I．Although Olson's data do not analyze the costs of private schools such as USC, he did broaden his research to include all public four-year universities in the U．S．Olson analyzed the rising cost of tuition from 1987 to 2010 at these schools and found very similar results．After adding a linear regression analysis to find tuition costs in 1979, he found that 182 hours a year could pay for a student's tuition in full．In 2013, it would take 991 hours to pay for the same year of school．But all of Olson's data only take into account the cost of tuition, meaning he does not include the cost of food, rent, books and general living expenses．J．Working 30 hours a week allows students like Rose to pay for expenses outside of tuition．Although Rose's financial aid package includes a work-study allotment (勤工俭学助学金), this isn't enough to cover his college costs outside of tuition．"If my company limited myhours to my work-study allotment I wouldn't be able to attend school because I wouldn't have enough money．I get the same work-study allotment as some of my friends who live in much cheaper states where the cost of living is much less than it is in California," Rose says．K．Rose considered the high cost of living in Los Angeles while choosing colleges, but he ultimately decided the educational benefits of a private school in an expensive city would outweigh the costs．"I was offered enough aid to be paid at state universities, but the educational appeal of USC will give me more money in the long run," Rose says．L．So how does the number of hours students work to pay for school change their college experience? Mary Tomlinson graduated from the University of Florida's College of Journalism and Communications in 1984．With no funding from her family and just a small grant from the school, she had to work her way through college．But her experience was very different from Rose's．"I went off to college with no money in the bank, but I was able to cover all my costs by working because the cost wasn't as high as it is today," Tomlinson says．M．Tomlinson worked in the mathematics department throughout college but she also picked up another job at the local television station during her junior year．She took unpaid jobs at the school radio station and television station to gain experience in her field．"There wasn't as much pressure to be well-rounded ．．．you didn't need community involvement and leadership and all those things, so that allowed me to solely focus on working," she says．N．As a current student, Rose agrees that work can detract from his ability to be involved in extracurricular activities．"I can't be involved in other things because of how much I work．There are times when I see my friends who are involved in clubs and I think I wish I had time for that; but I'm happy that I have my job because I'm gaining things they could never gain," Rose says．O．As a marketing director who looks at several graduating students' resumes, Tomlinson believes current students need to make time for both work and school．"Working a few hours is a good thing because it broadens your knowledge base．．, the danger is when it becomes so many hours that it impacts your schoolwork," she says．"It's ideal to have a healthy balance in between．" But with the rising cost of tuition, this healthy balance seems to present challenges for modern students．Olson's study is limited since it only incorporates the data on the cost of tuition in public universities in the U．S．48、To some students like Ryan Rose, working part-time cannot cover all the cost of school．49、Mary Tomlinson suggests that current students should deal with the relationship between work and study in a better way．50、Ryan Rose supposes that studying in some state universities will yield less rewards than in such private universities as USC．51、Mary Tomlinson believes that there was less demand for developments in all aspects thirty years ago．52、The rise of minimum wage is limited compared to the continuous and nationwide increase in the cost of tuition．53、Ryan Rose holds the idea that his work can compensate for what he has lost in campus activities．54、To Ryan Rose, study sometimes has to give way to work because his work can impact the USC's image．55、Ryan Rose's work-study allotment is less helpful to him than his friends' due to regional differences in the cost of living．56、Courtney Williams believes that the high cost of school makes her college life different from others'．Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.57、Questions57-66are based on the following passageKnowing that you are paid less than your peers has two effects on happiness．The well-known one is negative: a thinner pay packet harms self-esteem．The lesser-known one is called the "tunnel" effect: high incomes for peers are seen as improving your own chances of similar riches, especially if growth, inequality and mobility are high．A paper co-anthored by Felix FitzRoy of the University of St．Andrews and recently presented at the Royal Economic．Society in Cambridge separates the two effects using data from household surveys in Germany．Previous work showed that the income of others can have a small, or even positive, overall effect on people's satisfaction in individual firms in Denmark or in very dynamic economies in transition, such as eastern Europe．But Mr．FitzRoy's team theorized that older workers, who largely know their lifetime incomes already, will enjoy a much smaller tunnel effect．The data confirm this hypothesis．The negative effect on reported levels of happiness of being paid less than your peers is not visible for people aged under 45．In western Germany, seeing peers' incomes rising actually makes young people happier (even more than a rise in their own incomes, remarkably) ．It is only those people over 45, when careers have "reached a stable position", whose happiness is harmed by the success of others．The prospect of 20-plus years of bitterness might make retirement seem more appealing．But the real gains in happiness from retirement go not to the outshone (被超越）, but to the out-of-work．Unemployment is known to damage happiness because not working falls short of social expectations．This loss of identity cannot be compensated for by unemployment benefits or increased leisure time．A paper presented at the same conference by a team represented by Clemens Hetschko of the Free University of Berlin uses the same German household data to show that the spirits of the long-term unemployed rise when they stop looking for work, go into retirement and no longer clash with social norms．Those with jobs are no happier after they retire, however, perhaps because their lives already line up with social expectations．Indeed, retiring early from work can have nasty side-effects．Another paper, co-authored by Andreas Kuhn of the University of Zurich, investigates the effect of a change in Austrian employment-insurance roles that allowed blue-collar workers earlier retirement in some regions than others．Men retiring a year early lower their chances of surviving to age 67 by 13%．Almost a third of this higher mortality rate,which seemed to be concentrated among those who were forced into retirement by job loss, was caused by smoking and alcohol consumption．If you're in a job, even an underpaid one, hang on in there．What did the study conducted by Mr．FitzRoy's team reveal?A．The findings of previous work may be problematic．B．The two effects of peers' incomes on happiness cannot be separated．C．Older workers are not affected by the income of others．D．Older workers have already known their lifetime incomes．58、What happens to young people when they are being paid less than their peers? A．Their self-esteem is severely harmed．B．Their spirits will be lowered．C．They enjoy a bigger tunnel effect than People over 45．D．They prefer a rise in their own incomes．59、Which of the following is irrelevant to the tunnel effect on happiness?A．High inequality and mobility．B．One's career stage．C．Social expectations．D．One's age．60、What do we learn about those who have been unemployed for a long time?A．They stop looking for work due to the loss of identity．B．Unemployment benefits can lift up their spirits．C．They may die earlier than those with jobs．D．Retirement can make them happier．61、What does the author intend to tell us with the study conducted by Andreas Kuhn's team? A．The Austrian employment-insurance rules should not have been changed．B．Earlier retirement from work should not be encouraged．C．Too much smoking and drinking is dangerous to one's health．D．Blue-collar workers should put off their retirement．62、Questions62-71 are based on the following passage．Women who always or mostly eat organic foods grown without pesticides are no less likely to develop cancer than women who eat a more conventional diet, according to a recent study conducted by Cancer Research UK scientists．These researchers commented that the results were "particularly relevant" given that health concerns have been identified as the primary motivation for consumers' purchase of organicfood．Professor Tim Key said: "We don't see any difference in the total risk of any type of cancer, depending on whether people said they choose organic food．It's a very large study so the overall result is very reliable．"Past studies have inconclusively suggested that pesticides could increase the risk of cancer．Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, although there are limits to the amount of residue (残留的) that can be present in food．The researchers asked around 623,080 women aged 50 or over about whether they ate organic foods, and then tracked the development of 16 of the most common types of cancer over a nine-year period．They found no difference in overall cancer risk when comparing the 180,000 women who reported never eating organically grown food with around 45,000 women who said they usually or always eat organic food．However, differences did emerge with respect to breast cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (非霍奇金淋巴瘤) when they looked at the results for the 16 types of cancer individually．The researchers found a small increase in risk for breast cancer but a 21% reduction in the risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma in women who mostly ate organic food．As the analysis of individual cancers involved smaller numbers, Key said that the results were less reliable and could be down to "chance" or other factors, but given previous studies had suggested a link between pesticides and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, it would be worth investigating more closely．Peter MeIchett, director of policy at the Soil Association, which promotes the trade body for organic food and farming, launched a wide-ranging attack on the study, He said it was strange that the 21% decrease in non-Hodgkin lymph0ma was being "so readily dismissed" by Cancer Research UK, and said the reasons for buying organic foods varied, and ranged from the benefits to wildlife to the fact that organic standards prohibit GM (转基因) crops and ingredients and controversial artificial food colors．"People also buy organic to reduce their exposure to pesticides -- 320 of which can be routinely used in non-organic farming．" He also claimed that the study had a number of weaknesses compared with other research, including that women's BMI (身体质量指数) and the amount of physical activity they took part in were only measured once during the study．What does the study conducted by Cancer Research UK mainly tell us?A．Conventional food is better than organic food for women．B．Eating organic food cannot reduce the risk of cancer．C．Food, organic or not, is not related to any type of cancer．D．Pesticides are not as dangerous as expected to women's overall health．63、What can we learn from the results for individual cancers?A．Women who always ate organic food are more likely to develop non-Hodgkin lymphoma．B．Women who never ate organic food are more likely to develop breast cancer．C．Women who never ate organic food are more likely to develop non-Hodgkin lymphoma．D．Women who always ate organic food are much more likely to develop breast cancer．64、How is this study in relation to previous studies?A．It took quite a longer time than previous studies．B．It involved many more participants than previous studies．C．Its results are more reliable than previous studies．D．Its results are to some degree in line with previous studies．65、What can we infer about Peter Melchett's attitude toward organic food?A．Critical．B．Supportive．C．Unbiased．D．Reserved．66、What did Peter Melchett point out as one of the problems with the study?A．Some necessary measurements should have been made more frequently．B．Organic standards should have been taken into consideration．C．The benefits of organic food failed to he identified in other aspects．D．The reduction in the risk for non-Hodgldn lymphoma was completely ignored．Part II Reading ComprehensionPart VI Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.67、汉字是我国古代先民发明的记录工具，也是世界上唯一保存下来的表意文字(ideogram．。