南京大学网络教育学院“大学英语（二）”课程期末试卷提示：答案文档直接在学生平台提交请将选择题答案填写在每个题号前。
提交截止日期：2020年6月30日I. Vocabulary and grammarDirections: Complete the following sentences by deciding on the most appropriate word from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D given after each sentence. (25 points)1. M eat and fish go __A___ quickly in hot weather.A) off B) away C) over D) through2. I t's a cause ___C__ of support.A) worth B) worthwhile C) worthy D) worthless3. T his project will ___D__ well into next year.A) expand B) expend C) extent D) extend4. T he operator was very busy and had many calls to __A___ everyday.A) put through B) put aside C) put away D) put down5. I t's time to _____A_____ the wheat.A) get off B) get in C) get out D) get down6. I remember the whole thing _____C_____ it just happened yesterday.A) though B) even though C) as if D) even if7. J ohn went to the cinema with his brother, ____D______ surprised me.A) it B) that C) what D) which8. I n the west, shop assistants are not allowed to have a(n) ______B______with customers.A) discussion B) quarrel C) argument D) debate9. I'd like to ______C_____ him to you for the job. He is a very cleverand industrious boy.A) refer B) propose C) recommend D) suggest10. I t was proposed that this matter ____D_______ at the next meeting.A) would be consideredB) would have been considered C) should have been considered D) should be considered11. ______B_____ his kind help, I would not have finished this difficulttest so quickly.A) If not for B) Provided not C) Because not of D) But for12. I t was in 1987 _____B______ I graduated from university.A) as B) when C) which D) that13. ____A______ each question, the teacher writes the correct answer andthree other statements that look like correct ones.A) As to B) Except for C) Along with D) In addition14. Y ou should take any interview opportunity that come _____A_______.A) along B) over C) after D) round15. “First class or _____B________ class?” the receptionist at thebooking counter asked me.A) economy B) economical C) economic D) economically16. T he army has _______C______ a successful attack on the anti-governmentorganization.A) computerized B) achieved C) scheduled D) completed17. T here is no point ______A______ quarrelling with them about thematter.A) in B) of C) on D) at18. ______A______, the players began the game.A) Having taken our seatsB) After we had taken our seats C) Being taken the seats D) Taking our seats19. W ho will _______D_____ Mr. Black when he goes to Shanghai on business?A) take place B) take place of C) take the place D) take the place of20. I will arrive home _____A_______ today as I have a lot to deal with inthe office.A) late B) later C) lately D) latest21. ______C______ I in your position, I would go.A) Had B) Was C) Were D) If22. T here ___B__ a desk, two chairs and four stools in the room.A) are B) is C) have D) has23. T hey are very thankful __B___ what you have done.A) at B) for C) of D) by24. M ary _D____ $25 on the book.A) took B) cost C) gave D) spent25. A very sore throat had reduced her voice into a ___A_____.A) cry B) cough C) whistle D) whisperII. Reading comprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following passages, and choose the correct answers. (30 points)Passage 1How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this an interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most cases, may end up with a faulty or inexact command. What accounts for this difference?Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions which come to him in a fresh, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation (消化).Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult student has each week a limited number of hours which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kindof gestures and facial expressions. There is nothing unnatural, like the one often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.Finally, though a child's "teachers" may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.26. C ompared with adults learning a foreign language, ____D______.A. children's way of learning their native language is very dullB. children need to spend more efforts in learning their nativelanguageC. children learn their native language in the same wayD. children learn their native language with ease27. W hich of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? CA. Very often, an adult may not learn a foreign language so well.B. A little child without knowledge or experience can have a goodcommand of their mother tongue.C. Adults' knowledge and mental power prevent them from completelymastering a foreign language.D. It is interesting to compare adults learning a foreign languagewith children learning their native language.28. T he reason that a child can learn his mother tongue very well__B_______.A. lies only in his environment of learningB. lies partly in his environment of learningC. has nothing to do with his environment of learningD. has not been mentioned in the passage29. W hich of the following is NOT true? DA. A child learning his native language has private lessons all theyear round.B. A child has plenty of opportunity to listen to others speaking hisnative language.C. It is possible for a child to hear his native language spoken inright pronunciation and right intonation.D. A child can completely absorb the fresh words and expressions hereceives.30. F rom the passage we know that gestures and facial expressions___B____.A. are always helpful to a child learning his native languageB. may assist a child in mastering his native languageC. should be avoided in teaching a child his native languageD. may delay a child mastering his native languagePassage 2Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class at an American university. Yaser was an international student from Jordan (约旦). He wanted to learn more about American culture and hoped that he and Steve would become good friends. At first, Steve seemed very friendly. He always greeted (问候) Yaser warmly before class. He even invited Yaser to have lunch with him. But after the semester was over, Steve seemed more distant (疏远的). The two former classmates didn't see each other very much at school. One day Yaser decided to call Steve but Steve didn't seem very interested in talking to him. Yaser was hurt by Steve's change of attitude. “Steve said we were friends.” Yaser complained, “and I thought friends were friends for ever.” Yaser is a little confused (困惑的). As a foreigner, he doesn't understand the way Americans view friendship.Americans use th e word “friend” in a very general way. They may call both casual acquaintances (熟人) and close companions “friends”. When the shared activity ends, the friendship may fade. In some cultures friendship means a strong life-long bond between two people. In these cultures friendships develop slowly, since they are built to last. But American society is in rapid change. Studies show that one out of five American families moves every year. American friendships develop quickly, and they may change quickly as well. People from the United States may at first seem friendly. Americans often chat easily with strangers. But American friendliness is not always an offer of true friendship. After an experience like Yaser's, people who have been in this country for only a few months may consider Americans to be fickle (在感情等方面变幻无常的). Learning how Americans view friendship can help non-Americans avoidmisunderstandings. It can also help them make friends in the American way.31. Y aser felt hurt because ___A____.A. he didn't understand the way Americans view friendshipB. Steve had cheated himC. Steve no longer studied with him in the same classD. Steve ignored him32. F rom the first paragraph we can infer that ____B____.A. Yaser had never had lunch with SteveB. Yaser and Steve had different views on friendshipC. It's not worth making friends with AmericansD. Steve was a dishonest man33. W hat's the reason for the way Americans view friendship? DA. Americans like to chat.B. Americans are false.C. Americans receive multicultural education.D. American society is in rapid change.34. W hat can we infer from the last two sentences of the passage? CA. Non-Americans can avoid any misunderstanding so long as they knowhow Americans view friendship.B. Non-Americans can certainly make friends in the American wayprovided they know how Americans view friendship.C. If non-Americans know how Americans view friendship, they can avoidsome misunderstandings.D. It's impossible for non-Americans to establish lasting friendshipwith Americans.35. T he passage mainly tells us ___D _____.A. the friendship between Yaser andB. Yaser's life in AmericaSteveC. fickle AmericansD. American friendshipPassage 3One of the most difficult problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are individuals, of course, who from the time they are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or teachers or figh ters, but most of us do not get around to (考虑) making a decision about an occupation (职业) or career until somebody or something forces us to facethe problem.Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses or get some actual work experience to qualify (具有资格) for a particular kind of work.Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give advice and information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas as well with your family members or friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions. But even if you get other people involved in helping you make a decision, self-evaluation is an important part of the decision making process.Here are my basic questions to think about:1. What are my abilities?2. What are my special interests?3. What are my physical abilities and limitations (弱点)?4. What are my previous (早先的) experiences?5. Am I willing to accept chance?6. What are my educational plans for the future?If you give serious thought to these questions, your self-evaluation should give you a clearer picture of your interests and abilities, and you should be able to start thinking of one or more occupations that will fit you as an individual.36. T he first paragraph tells us that ____B____.A. many of us begin to think about choosing a job at the early age ofsixB. many of us begin to think about choosing an occupation only undercertain pressureC. some people are never worried about their careerD. making a decision of what to do is not difficult but finding a goodjob is not easy37. A ccording to the author, what is important in making a decision abouta profession? DA. Suggestion from a professor.B. Knowledge of the profession.C. Previous experience.D. Self-evaluation.38. T o find a good job, one must often have ___A______.A. both actual work experience and special training for the jobB. either actual work experience or special training for the jobC. self-evaluationD. special physical conditions39. K nowing your interests and abilities helps you__B__.A. talk with others about your jobB. decide which job fits youC. qualify for a jobD. listen to your teacher's advice40. T he author's purpose of offering the six questions is to __C__.A. summarize his pointB. give information about job qualificationsC. help you know yourself better so that you can choose a suitableoccupationD. help you get prepared for a job interviewPart BDirections: This passage is about the writer’s best friend. After reading it, you are required to complete the outline below it. (10 points)By the time I could drive, I only had a few friends. I feel sad that none of them has made the friendship last. Time tests friendships, and most of my friendships have exploded into bits and pieces that I call memories. It is not much fun to walk alone that road they call life.Strangely enough, my best friend is a girl. We used to spend a lot of time together when we were teenagers and we even joked about getting married and having ten kids (小孩). But it never happened like that. From the moment I met her I knew that we were going to be friends. What I didn't know was that this friendship would last. Within her there is a sanctuary (避难所) where my heart may speak and be heard. It's a poetic (像诗的) place where failure cannot find me, for she has hidden it too well. When I was with her, I was not the person I knew; rather, I was what I had always hoped to be. What more could I ask for?The fact that we are both married now has changed everything about ourrelationship. We don't write or call one another any more. I have never forgotten what it felt like to be friendless, and I sometimes worry about how my life would change if something happened to her. No replacement could fill the break in my heart.The time will soon come when our children will move on and leave us one after another. I still laugh when I hear that phrase “marry your best friend”, because I don't believe that it can be done. It takes a lifetime (一生) to create a best friendship. Best friends have scars (伤痕) where they have hurt each other and healed each other.1. Things that have turned to memories are the author's (41) friendship.2. The author's best friend is (42) a girl .3. Their joke is (43) they will get married and have ten kids .4. The thing that has changed their relationship is their respective (44) marriage.5. The thing that cannot be done is (45) to marry your best friend .III. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English. (15 points) 46. 从他脸上的神情判断，他对这种状况很不满意。
