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汽轮机常用英文缩写1.A/M auto/manual 自动/手动2.ADS automatic dispatch system 自动调度系统3.AGC automatic generator control 机组自动发电控制4.AOP auxiliaty oil pump 辅助油泵5.AOV air operated valve 汽动门6.AST automatic stop trip 自动停机跳闸系统7.STP auto stop 自动停止8.STRT auto start 自动启动9.ATC automatic turbine control 汽轮机自动控制10.TRIP auto trip 自动跳闸11.AUX auxiliary 辅助的12.BAF baffle 隔板13.BASE base 基本方式14.BBL barrel 圆筒型支架15.BF boiler follow 锅炉跟随方式16.BKUP backup 备用17.BOPMS balance of plant master system 机组辅助设备主控顺序18.BP base plate 底版，支撑板19.BPS bypass control system 旁路控制系统20.BRG bearing 轴承21.BW backwash 反洗22.BYP bypass 旁路23.CAB cabinet 小室24.CAEP condenser air extraction pump 真空泵25.CAV cavity 空腔26.CAVIT cavitation 汽蚀 closing coil 闭式循环CW closed circuit cooling water 闭式循环冷却水CWP closed circuit cooling water pump 闭式循环冷却水泵W condenser circulating water 循环水W counter clockwise 逆时针的WP condenser circulating water pump 循环水泵33.CE case expansion 缸胀34.CEP condensate extraction pump 凝结水泵35.CHEM chemical 化学36.CIV close interceptor valve 关中压调门37.CLD cold/cooled 冷的38.CLF clarifier 净化器39.CLG cooling 冷却40.CLNG cleaning 清洁，净化41.CLR cool 冷却器42.CLS close 关43.CLSD closed 已关44.CLU clutch 离合器D conduit 管道，导线管DCT conductivity 导电率，传导率47.COAG coagulant 凝结剂48.COAX coaxial 同轴的49.COND condenser 凝汽器50.COOL coolant 冷却介质51.COR coordination 协调控制方式52.COV cover 外壳53.CPLG coupling 偶合器，连轴器54.CRH cold reheat 冷再热55.CRIT critical 临界的，关键的56.CSG casing 汽缸57.CT combustion turbine 燃气轮机58.CTW cooling tower 冷水塔59.CV control valve 高调门60.CW circulating water 循环水61.CW cooling water 冷却水62.CWP circulating water pump 循环水泵63.CYL cylingder 汽缸64. D density 密度，浓度65.DE differential expansion 胀差66.DEA deaerator 除氧器67.DECR decrease 下降68.DEG degree(s) 度69.DEGC degrees celsius 摄氏度70.DEH digital electro-hydraulic control system 数字电液调节系统71.DEH digital 数字电液72.DEMIN demineralization 除盐73.DESALN desalination 除盐74.DGS degasifier 脱气器，除氧器75.DIL dilute/dilution 冲淡稀释76.DISH dissolved hydrogen 溶氢77.DISO dissolved oxygen 溶氧78.DMNRLZR demineralizer 除盐装置79.DOS dosing 配料，加药80.DR door 门81.DSTL distill 蒸馏82.DSTLT distillate 蒸馏83.EBOP emergency bearing oil pump 事故轴承油泵84.ECC eccentricity 偏心度85.EH electrohydraulic 电液86.EHC electrohydraulic control 电液控制87.EOP emergency oil pump 事故油泵88.ES extraction steam 抽汽89.ETS emergency trip system 汽轮机紧急跳闸保护系统90.EXCH exhange/exhanger 交换/交换器91.EXH exhaust 排气/排汽92.EXHD exhaust hood 排汽罩/排汽缸93.EXTR extraction/extractor 抽取/抽汽器94.FA full arc 全周，全周进汽95.FCB faster cut back 机组快速甩负荷96.FCPLG fluid (hydraulic) coupling 液力偶合器97.FILL filling 充水，充汽98.FJCTR ejector 抽气器，喷射器99.FL fluid 流体，液体100.FLG flange 法兰101.FLTK flash tank 扩容器102.FLTR filter 过滤器103.FLTRG filtering 过滤104.FNL final 末级，最后105.FST first 第一级106.FW feedwater 给水107.FWP feedwater pump 给水泵108.GATE gate 门，导叶109.GLND gland 密封装置，压盖110.GLND ST gland steam 密封蒸汽，轴封蒸汽111.GT gas turbine 燃气轮机112.GTG gas turbine generator 燃气轮机发电机113.GTV gate valve 闸门114.GV governor valve 主汽调节门115.HCL hydrochloric acid 盐酸116.HDR header 母管，联箱117.HITASS hitichi turbine automatic start-up system 日立汽轮机自启动系统118.HL heat loss 热损失119.HORIZ horizontal 水平的，卧式的120.HP high pressure 高压121.HPR hopper 斗，漏斗122.HPSV high pressure stop valve 高压主汽门123.HRH hot reheat 再热热段124.HRSG heat recovery steam generator 回热式汽轮发电机125.HRT heat rate 热耗率126.HRU heat recovery unit 回热式机组127.HS high speed 高速128.HT heat 加热129.HTG heating 加热130.HTR heater 加热器131.HU humidifier 加湿器132.HW hotwell 热井133.HX heat exchange 热交换器134.HYDR hydraulic 液力的135.HYDRO hydrostatic 静水的136.HYPCL hypochlorite 氯化物137.ICBV interceptor control bypass valve 中调门旁路门138.ICV interceptor control valve 中调门139.IMPLR impeller 叶轮140.INJ injection 喷射141.INRTNG inerting 惰性的142.INTMD intermediate 中间的143.IP intermediate pressure 中压144.IPSW intermediate press service water 中压厂用水145.IPSWP intermediate press service water pump 中压厂用水泵146.IV interceptor valve 中压调节汽门147.JB junction box 接线盒，连轴器148.JCT junction 连接149.JNL journal 轴径150.JOP jacking oil pump 顶轴油泵151.LIQ liquid 液体152.LKG leakage/leaking 泄漏153.LO lube oil 润滑油154.LOFF leakoff 泄漏的，已漏的155.LOP lube oil pump 润滑油泵156.LP low pressure 低压157.LUB lube/lubrication 润滑158.MACH machine 机器159.MANF manifold 母管160.MDBFP motor driven boil feed pump 电泵161.MEH microprocessor electric hydraulic control 微机化电液调节系统162.MEZZ mezzanine 高压加热器163.MOP main oil pump 主油泵164.MOT main oil tank 主油箱165.MOV motor operated valve 电动门166.MS main steam 主蒸汽167.MSSV main steam stop valve 主汽门168.MSV main steam valve 主汽门169.MSV main stop valve 主截门170.MTS master trip solenoid 主跳闸电磁阀171.NOL normal oil level 正常油位172.NRV non return valve 逆止阀173.OIV open interceptor valve 开中压调门174.OPC overspeed protect controller 超速保护控制175.PLSH polish/polishing 精处理176.PLSHR polisher 精处理器177.PNEU pneumatic 气动的178.PPS 汽轮机防进水保护179.RB run back 辅机故障减负荷180.RD run down 负荷迫降181.REV reverse 反向182.REVD reversed 反向的183.REVLN revolution 转数184.RNBK runback 快速减负荷185.ROT rotary 转动的186.ROTAT rotate 转动187.ROTATN rotation 转动188.RPD rupturing disc 叶片断裂189.RPM revolutions per minute 每分钟的转数190.RPS revolutions per second 每秒钟的转数191.RSV reheat stop valve 中压主汽门192.RSV reserve 备用193.RTN-N return to normal 复位194.RTR rotor 转子195.RU run up 负荷迫升196.RUNNG running 运行197.RV self-regulating valve 自动调整门198.S/O shutoff 断开199.SA OFF semi-auto off 半自动关200.SA ON semi-auto on 半自动开201.SAF safety 安全202.SD shutdown 停机203.SEL select 选择204.SELD selected 已选好的205.SEP separate/separator 分离/分离器206.SET setting/settling 设定207.SEW sewer 下水道208.SFT shaft 轴209.SG standby generator 备用发电机210.SHL shell 外壳211.SJAE steam jet air ejector 射汽抽气器212.SK sink 排水管，排水沟，散热器213.SO seal oil 密封油214.SOP seal oil pump 密封油泵215.SP set point 设定值216.SPD speed 速度217.SPGR specific gravity 比重218.SPRG sparging 喷淋，鼓泡219.SPRY spary 喷射220.SPVOL specific volume 比容221.SS selector switch 选择开关222.STG stage 级223.STG steam turbine generator 汽轮发电机224.STP stop 停止225.STPD stopped 已停止226.STPG stopping 停止的227.STR strainer 拉紧装置，过滤器228.STRT start 启动229.STRTD started 已启动的230.STRTG starting 启动的231.SU startup 开机232.SU/SD startup/shutdown 开机/停机233.SUB submerged 浸在水中的234.SUCT suction 吸入，抽真空235.SUP support 支承236.SUPV supervisory 监视的237.SUPVN supervision 监视238.SV servo valve 电液伺服阀（电液转换器）239.SV stop valve 截止门240.SWC service water closed 闭式水241.SWCP service water closed pump 闭式水泵242.SWCS service water closed sump 闭式水箱243.SWO service water open 开式水244.SWOP service water open pump 开式水泵245.TCS turbine control system 汽轮机控制系统246.TDM turbine diagnose monitoring 汽轮机运行监视、诊断管理247.TEMP temperature 温度248.TF turbine follow 汽机跟随方式249.T-G turbine generator 汽轮发电机250.TGOP turbine gear oil pump 盘车油泵251.TGR turbine gear 盘车252.THR thrust 推力253.THRBRG thrust bearing 推力轴承254.THRM thermal 热力的255.THROT throttle 节流 tank 箱，容器257.T-MCR turbine maximum continous rate 汽轮机最大连续出力258.TPC throttlt pressure control 主蒸汽压力控制259.TRSHRK trashrack 滤网260.TRTMT treatment 处理261.TRVL travel/travelling 运行，旋转262.TRVSCN travelling screens 旋转滤网263.TSI turbine supervisory instrument 汽轮机监测仪表系统264.TSI turbine supervisory instrumentation 汽轮机检测仪表265.TURB turbine 汽轮机266.TURBFLW turbine flow 汽轮机流量267.TURN turning 转动 throttle valve 主汽门269.TWR tower 塔270.UAM unit automatic management 机组自启停管理系统271.UM unit master 机组主控272.UMS unit master sequence 机组主控顺序273.UNBAL unbalance(d) 不平衡274.UPR upper 上部的275.UPSTR upstream 上游的；逆流的；进口的276.VAC vacuum 真空277.VAP vapor 蒸汽278.VERT vertical 垂直的279.VIB vibrator/vibration 振动器/振动280.VLV valve 阀门281.VOL volume 体积；容积282.VP pneumaticlly operated valve 气动门283.V-V 通风排汽阀284.VWO valve wide open 阀门全开285.WASH washer/washing 冲洗286.WMUP warmup 暖机287.WTR water 水288.ZS 零转速监视系统。
轮机工程、内燃机专业英语词汇表Lesson 1marine 海运的，船用的diesel 柴油，柴油机internal 内部的combustion 燃烧 ignite 点燃 inject 喷射 chamber 腔，室 principle 原理，原则 operation 工作，操作，运转，进程charge 装，充；充填物fresh新鲜的，淡(水)的draw 抽吸cylinder 气缸compression 压缩piston 活塞fine 细小的，好的spray 喷雾，(水，油)雾burn 燃烧rotate 旋转，回转 medium 中间的，介质 alternator 交流发电机 in turn 依次，轮流变成 turn into 变成 event 事件，过程 stroke 冲程，行程separate (from) 分离，分开exhaust 排出，耗尽；排气combine (with) 结合，联合 inlet 进口，入口 scavenge 扫除；吹除blow 吹，鼓风residual 剩余的，残留的value 价值，数值injector 喷射器，喷油器 continue 继续(进行) revolution 转 theoretically 理论上地inefficient 效率低的，无效的advantage 优势，优点，长处 application 应用 propulsion 推进(装置) cause 引起；原因 force 迫使 crankshaft 曲铀propeller 螺旋桨，推进器 cycle 循环 consist (of) 由……组成fix 固定sequence 顺序，系列bottom dead centre (BDC) 下止点 top dead centre (TDC) 上止点 on board ship 在船上 r/min 转／分 reduction gear box 减速齿轮箱Lesson 2construction 结构 bedplate 机座 frame 机架 weld 焊接bolt 螺栓；用螺栓固定 seating 座，底座 liner (气缸)衬套 extend 延长，伸长 slot 槽，缝；开槽 opening 开口 height 高度 secure 固定 transverse 横向的chock 侧块，楔型块longitudinal 纵向的test 放置，坐落bearing 轴承cross 十字的，交叉的； stud 双头螺栓 cap 盖，帽 thrust 推，推力 block 块，体locate 位于，查出，找出integral 整体的flat 平的surface 表面mount 安装section 段，表面camshaft 凸轮轴enclose 包围，封闭casing 箱，外壳jacket 夹层，水套vertical 垂直的flange 法兰，翻边foremost 最前的expose 易露，露出edge 边缘drill 钻孔rotary 旋转的guide 导板，导向器，导向，引导insert 插入groove 槽，沟turn 车削，转动conical 锥形的screw 螺钉；用螺钉固定，拧入indicator 示功器cock 旋塞double 双层的cast iron 铸铁chain transmission 链条传动(机构) chromium 镀铬machine-turned 车削的，车制的approx 大约heat-resistant 耐热的Lesson 3recess 凹槽，凹座，凹入处 dowel 销钉pin 销子caulk 敛(铆)缝，嵌塞topmost 最上部narrow 狭窄的 diagonal 对角的，斜的overlap 重叠，搭接joint 接合，接头distributor 分配器slightly 轻微地round 圆的，使成圆形film (油)膜period 期间opposite 在……对面，与……相对 diameter 直径annular 环形的ensure 保证，担保assembly 组件，组装component 部件journal 轴颈shoe 滑靴，滑块horizontally 水平地adequate 足够的，充分的admit 允许进入，导入duct 管道scraper 刮子，刮油器shim 垫片，调整片thickness 厚度adjustment 调整，调节clearance 间隙appropriate 适当的channel 通道crankpin 曲柄销forge 锻造shrink 红套displace 错位，变位carrier ring 承磨环build-in 内装的，机内的，固定 top-bolt 锥体螺栓white metal 白合金telescope pipe 伸缩管，拉管fitted bolt 拂配螺栓Lesson 4survive 存在，生存strength 强度specific 明确的，详细而精确的 reject to 丢弃，排向…atmosphere 大气entrain 以气泡状态存在volume 量minimise 将……减到最少cavitation 气穴，气蚀proportion 比例，部分hopper 带支架的观察(镜，表) tundish 漏斗visual 看的，视觉的trumpet 喇叭nozzle 管口，喷嘴corrosion 腐蚀，锈overboard 向舷外merely 仅仅，只不过contact with 与……接触Lesson5maintenance 维护，保养select 选择among 在……之中affect 影响viscosity 粘度cetane 十六烷calorific 热(量)的，发热 sulphur 硫residue 残渣，残留物formation 形成product 产品，产物flash 闪光；闪亮gravity 重力content 内容，合量impurity 杂质depend 取决于，依靠residual 残余的available 可利用的，可获得的embody 包括(合)有，使具体化entirely 完全地，完整地 bunker 燃料舱distribute 分配various 各式各样的，多种多样 lag 包绕外层防护套 bunk 油舱duplex 双联的，双倍的 strainer 粗滤器remainder 储存storage 剩余，余额sediment 沉淀物buffer 缓冲器，贮存装置 spill 溢流regular 调节器climatic 气候的permit 允许meter 计量mechanism 机械机构plunger 柱塞barrel 桶，套桶sufficiently 充分地，足够地 atomize 将……喷成雾状 complexity 复杂，复杂性deposit 沉积物specification 规格，说明vanadium 钒sodium 钠asphaltene 沥青(烯)，沥育质precipitate 使沉淀，沉淀物aluminum 铝abrasive 有磨蚀的particle 颗粒silicon 硅oxide 氧化物nozzle 喷嘴catalytic 催化的clover 三叶草、苜蓿Lesson 6viscosity 粘度composition 组成storage 存储insoluble 不溶解的 impurity 杂质asphalt 沥青miscible 易混合的 filtration 过滤purifier 分水机 clarifier 分杂机conical 圆锥形的 periphery 外围，用边 perforate 穿(钻，冲)孔cylindrical 圆柱形的 bowl 分离筒ancillary 辅助的centrifuge 离心分离机 accumulation 积聚consume 消耗agitation 搅动circumstance 环境，详情Lesson 7process 过程removal 排除blow 鼓风supercharge 增压atmosphere 大气的pressurize 增压，加压 electrically 电动地blower 鼓风机，增压器 density 密度turbine 涡轮机 compressor 压缩机essential 基本的，重要的adequate 适当的，充分的arrangement 布置，安排 escape 逃逸，溢出 differential 差别的，不同的 swirl 使……旋涡运动 adjacent 邻近的，接近的Lesson8 successful 成功的 involve 涉及formation 形成considerable 相当的，大量的 exception 例外cleanse 清洗 carbonaceous 炭的detritus 磨屑commercially 商业上reversal 反向，变换lubricator 注油器 injector 注油塞 quill 注油针 impinge 射到expose 暴露 residual 残渣lacquer 胶膜interface 影响，干扰 counteract 克服undesirable 不需要的formulate 配制impart 给予alkalinity 碱度，碱性 detergency 去垢能力property 性质feature 特性，特点 friction 摩擦assist 帮助，协助 rupture 破裂deterioration 变质，恶化filter 滤器centrifuge 离心分离机telescope pipe 伸缩套管，拉管Lesson9reservoir 容器(文中指空气瓶) ready 准备好的immediate 立即的drop 下跌，下落by means of 利用，用…方法 compressor 压缩机feature 功(能)，部件drainage 排放，排泄facility 设备stringent 严厉的，严格的interlock 连锁prevent 防止automatic 自动的pilot 引导的，控制的，先导的 lever 杆direct 直接的engage 啮合，从事further 进一步地deposit 沉积物，沉淀explosion 爆炸pipeline 管路，管系 occurrence 发生，事物 properly 适当地careful 谨慎的，小心的 attempt 企图；试图 effect 作用，影响，效果 trap 挡板，收集器 burst 爆发，冲破 disc 盘isolate 隔绝，绝缘 fusible 易熔的plug 塞，堵melt 熔化，融化guard 防护，防卫，护罩possibility 可能性bursting cap 防爆帽Lesson 10instruction 指示，指令 sludge 渣，沉积物 purify 净化auxiliary 辅助的；辅助机械 operational (能)运行的，(可)操作的extend 延长，扩展approximately 接近，大约obstruction 阻塞，妨碍，障碍物 uniformly 均匀地，一致地 viscosity 粘度hopper (观察)窗(漏斗) erosion 浸蚀，剥蚀，烧蚀 centistoke 厘斯(运动粘度单位) diaphragm 隔膜，振动膜gland 密封(压盖) linkage 连接telegraph 车钟booster 增压泵Lesson 11remedy 排除(方法)，补救(措施) stick 粘住，卡住failure 失败，失灵delay 延迟，滞后watch 观察common 普通的，普遍的 result 由……引起，产生 diagram 图unequal 不相等的locate 找出，定位slacken 放松，减缓trace 查找，寻找responsibility 责任on the part of 在……方面Lesson 12medium 中等的，中间的currently 当前地，现在地，流行地rotational 转动的，旋转的 entirely 完全地trunk 筒形的，箱形的 rationalization 合理化layout 布置，设计 configuration 结构，布置alternatively 或者，另一个办法 twin 双的，对的 bank 排，列，组enclose 围起，围绕 column 架rigid 刚硬的，坚固的 sloping 倾斜的access 通道invariably 总是，不变地 solid 完整的，坚固的 multi-throw 多拐的robust 坚固的，结实的 develop 增进，扩大 imposing 施加的alignment 对中，成直线 exception 例外withdraw 放出waterjacket 冷却水套 aperture 孔，洞interpose 放入，插入 thickness 厚度ratio 比率(值) cylindrical 圆柱型的bore 孔tiny 细小的promote 促进，提高sacrifice 牺牲，供奉retain 保持，保留porous 多孔的，能渗透的 in line 成行，直列 fixed centre type 固定中心式 marine type 船用型，中心可调式Lesson13bowl 盆，钵，盘toroidal 环形空腔，环形突起 rim 边缘，曲起accommodate 容纳splash 飞溅conduct 传导region 区域precisely 精确地，正确地 alloy 合金 boss 活塞销座孔endwise 在端部circlip 卡簧tin 锡flash 飞边indium 铟nip 压隙equivalent 相等量bridge 轴承盖accuracy 精度circular 圆形的tighten 上紧assist 援助，帮助 expel 驱逐，驱赶thermal 热的recondition 修理，使复原 frequent 频繁的accomplish 完成rocket 摇，臀杆tappet 挺杆，凸子，顶头 prop 支撑，维持 allowance 允许，裕量 appropriate 适当的Lesson 14extensive 广阔的，广泛的overhaul 彻底检修，大修，解松(船)的绳索，essential 必要的，基本的 external 外部的 prudent 谨慎的 cut off 切断，断开 graduation 分度，刻度 reasonable 合理的，有益的tolerance 容许量 pyrometer 高温计 register 记录，登记 ancillary 辅助的 symptom 症状，征兆 accompany 陪伴，结伴Lesson 15displacement 位移，排水量centrifugal 离心的rotary 旋转的reciprocating 往复的volute 涡形(的)，涡壳turbine 涡轮，涡轮机regenerative 再生的 periphery 外围，周边 mesh 啮合 helical 螺旋状的 void 空的，空旷的 slot 槽elliptical 椭圆的 swash 遮蔽，隐藏 tangential 无关的 moderate 中等的，适度的 attain 达到，获得Lesson 16boiler 锅炉distinct 截然不同的 furnace 炉子，炉膛 bent 弯的drum 鼓，锅筒 header 联箱 generate 产生 downcomer 下降管natural 自然的 donkey 辅助的 installation 装置steam ship 蒸汽机船 motorship 内燃机船 composite 混合的，复合的 mounting 附件fitting 附件，配件 overpressure 超压presence 在场，出席 initially 初始地 purge 吹除，驱气 vapour 蒸汽 burner 燃烧器，喷灯 sample 样品 analysis 分析scum 泡沫，浮渣soot blower 吹灰器draught 强行通风superheater 过热器gradual 逐渐的refractory 耐火的ease 释放recovery 回收，再生saturated 饱和的emulsion 乳化液，混合液exceed 超过extraction 提取物，提出物economizer 省油(煤)器，节能器combustible 可燃的secure 封闭，关紧 depressurize 减压liberate 释放funnel 烟囱intermediate port 中途港。
燃压机组常见英文缩写编者:刘洵中国石油西气东输新疆管理处二〇〇七年六月编者说明本文大多数词是SOLAR，R-R,GE公司提供的资料前面的缩写,也加了一些通用的常用缩写字,供燃机各压气站工作人员参考.压缩机常用词汇●压气站compression station●燃气；发生器gas generator(GG)/gas producer(GP)●压缩机，压气机compressor(comp,compr.)●气体；可燃气；燃气；天然气；汽油（美）gas●动力（滑轮；自由滑轮）power turbine●燃料fuel 液体燃料liquid fue 滑油oil●燃料气fuel gas 润滑油lubricate●润滑油lubricating oil,lube oil 油田oil fiele●气田gas field●中国石油公司PetroChina=Petroleum China●中国（国营）石油公司CNPC=China National Petroleum Company●中国石化公司Sinopec Sino Pertro-Chemical(Company)空气air 天然气natural gas改压油hydraulic oil 煤油kerosene,kerosene （大口径）管子pipe 管线pipeline(小口径)管子tube 管道局Pipenline Bureau西气东输工程WEPP=West-East Pipeline Project 用户customer 校验；校正calibration认可accept 批准approve 装置device 机组单位unit 安装，设备机组installation检验inspection 检查check 软管hose 控制，控制器control 控制器，控制装置controller 手动的manual 自动的auto(matic) 本地的local 局域网Local area net(LAN)operation操作，运行run 运行,动作。
内燃机：internal combustion engines外燃机：external combustion engines往复式内燃机：reciprocating engine自然吸气：naturally aspirate增压：supercharge涡轮增压：turbo charge机械动力：mechanical power混合气：fuel-air mixture工作介质：working fluids机械部件：mechanical components火花点火机：spark-ignition engines压燃机：compression-ignition engines能/重量比：power/weight ratio发电机：power generation热机：heat engines活塞：piston 汽缸：cylinder 煤气：coal-gas 活塞冲程：piston stroke 工质：charge齿系组：rack assembly 动量：momentum真空：vacuum大气压力：atmospheric pressure 输出轴：output shaft热效率：thermal efficiency四冲程：four piston strokes进气：intake stroke压缩：compression stroke膨胀或做工：expansion or power stroke排气：exhaust stroke四冲程机器：four-stroke engine分层工质：stratified-charge重量和体积：weight and volume最大热效率：maximum efficiency膨胀比：expansion ratio热损失：heat losses工作容积：displaced or swept volume上止点：top center下止点：bottom center进气门：inlet valve 排气门：exhaust valve气缸套：cylinder liner凸轮轴：camshaft曲柄销：crank pin初始压力：initial pressures在广泛意义上：in the broader sense二冲程内燃机：two-stroke internal combustion engines 敲缸：knock 爆震：detonation化油器：carburetor连杆：connecting rod点火系统：ignition system单缸机：single-cylinder engines旋转式内燃机：rotary internal combustion engines原油：crude oil or crude petroleum蒸发：vaporize挥发：volatile热裂解：thermal cracking电子驱动启动器：electrically driven starters煤油：kerosene四乙铅：tetraethyl lead添加剂：additive活性催化剂：activated catalyst氮氧化物：oxides of nitrogen碳氢化合物：hydrocarbon compounds排放指标：emission standards零件：component安装：mount直流扫气：uniflow scavenging往复运动:reciprocating/oscillating motion活塞群部：piston skirt火花塞：spark plug曲轴：crankshaft喷油嘴：fuel injector发动机机体：engine block蒸发和凝结：evaporation and condensation顶置气门机构：overhead valve locations燃烧室：combustion chamber火焰传播时间：flame travel-time气门导管：valve guide气门座：valve seats局部过热：local hot spots凸轮轴：camshaft挺柱：tappets推杆和摇臂：push rod and rocker arm进/排气歧管：intake/exhaust manifold燃油喷射器：fuel injectors凸轮驱动摇臂：cam-driven rocker arms浮子室：float chamber节气阀：throttle valve喷油泵：injection pump连续喷射：continuous injection喷射脉冲：injection pulses曲轴转角：crank angle气体性质：gas properties点火线圈：ignition coil磁场：magnetic field湍流火焰：turbulent flame残余废气：residual gas最佳点火时间：optimum spark timing扫气过程：blowdown process惯性力：inertia force四冲程直列发动机：four-stroke in-line engines紧凑：compact对置式：opposed-piston engines锐角：acute angle摆动力矩：rocking moment涡轮增压器：turbocharger进气压力：inlet pressure压气机：compressor剖面图：cutaway drawing涡轮转子：turbine rotor化油器曲轴箱压缩：carburetor crankcase-compression type 换气过程：gas-exchange process偏心轮：eccentric shaft异步：out of phase做工脉冲：torque pulses负载控制：load control自燃：spontaneous ignition循环扫气：loop-scavenged柱塞：plunger螺旋槽：helical groove分配泵：distributer pumps外部驱动：external drive超速调节器：overspeed governor直接喷射：direct-injection活塞头部：piston crown余隙容积/燃烧室容积：clearance volume结构紧凑：compact shape旋转气流(涡流）：swirling air flow多孔喷嘴：multihole nozzle顶置式凸轮：overhead-valve-cam预燃室：prechamber辅助燃烧室：auxiliary combustion chamber水冷：water cooled风冷：air cooled自然吸气：naturally aspirated风箱：air blower强迫气体对流：forced air convection碗状燃烧室：bowl-in-piston combustion chamber 部分负载：part load工作范围：operating range最大扭矩：maximum torque额定功率：rated power额定转速：rated speed缸径：cylinder bore连杆长度：connecting rod length曲柄半径：crank radius活塞销：piston pin曲柄轴线：crank axis制动扭矩：brake torque循环指示功：indicated work per cycle道路负载功率：road-load power缸套：cylinder liner轴承：bearing油底壳：oil pan汽缸盖：cylinder head。
车辆工程专业英语复习资料1.The four-stroke spark-ignition engine cycle consists:induction stroke (intake stoke), compression stroke, power stroke, exhaust stroke.（四冲程点燃式发动机行程包括：进气行程，压缩行程，作工行程，排气行程。
）2.内燃机：internal combustion engine 外燃机：externalcombustion engine3.The lower the gear ratio selected, the higher the torquetransmitted.（选择的齿轮齿数越少，传递的扭矩越大）4.Different gear 差速器drive shaft 传动轴 final drive 主减速器 universal joints 万向节 steering box 转向器5.These parts can be grouped into four major categories:Body ,Engine, Chassis and electrical system.（这些部件可组成四个主要部分：车身、发动机、底盘和电路系统）6.the purpose of the complete suspension system is to isolatethe vehicle body form road shocks and vibrations,which will otherwise be transferred to the passengers and load.（整个悬架系统的目的是分离车身来自路面的冲击和振动，否则会被传递给乘客和货物。
）7.tube tires 有内胎轮胎 drum brakes鼓式制动器 discbrakes盘式制动器8.most modern lighe vehicles have either disc brakes on thefront wheels and drum brakes on the rear or disc brakes on all 4 wheels大多数现代光车是前轮采用盘式制动鼓上的所有4个车轮后面或盘式制动器制动器9.the electrical system supplies electricity for thestarter，ignition，lights and heater电气系统为起动机、点火系统、照明灯具、取暖器提供电能10.the sparks must be supplied at the right time and theysufficient energy over a range of conditions to ignite the charges火花必须在正确的时间提供足够的能量，他们在一系列的条件下点燃的指控11.distributor分电器 spark plug 火花塞12.Energy is used to produce power. The chemical energy infuel is converted to heat by the burning of the fuel at a controlled rate.（能量是用来产生动力的，燃料中的化学能通过控制其比例进行燃烧可转化成热能。
基本专业英语一、常用运行ON开（状态，常指信号）OFF关（状态，常指信号）OPEN 开(状态，常指阀门)CLOSE关（状态，常指阀门）START 启动STOP 停止ALARM报警OPERATE 运行；操作TRIP 跳闸TEST 试验INDICATION；DISPLAY指示；显示INLET入口OUTLET 出口INPUT输入OUTPUT 输出AUTOMA TION/MANUAL(HAND) 自动/手动AUXILIARY辅助LOCAL就地REMOTE摇控PRESSURE 压力TEMPERATURE 温度FLOW 流量SPEED 速度RPM 转/分SYSTEM 系统BYPASS旁路PIPE；TUBE 管道，管子PURGE 吹扫V ALVE 阀门UNIT单元、机组PRINT 打印CURVE，LINE 曲线，线BALANCE 平衡INSTRUMENT AND CONTROL 仪表与控制MODE方式，模式SET POINT设定点TRANSMITTIER；TRANSDUCER 变送器；传感器CODE 代码；编码DA TA 数据；文件；资料STA TIC静态DYNAMIC动态COLD START—UP 冷态启动WARM START—UP 温态启动HOT START—UP 热态启动RESET复位SELECT选择UNA V AIL 不允许(不能投用的)FAST 快SLOW慢NORMAL 正常INCREAS 增加DECREAS减少二、锅炉部分BOILER 锅炉SUPERHEATER 过热器REHEATER 再热器WATERW ALL 水冷壁DOWM COMER 下降管HEADER 联箱、母管STEAM DRUM 汽包DURM PRESSURE 汽包压力ATTEMPERATOR 减温器SPRAY 喷水ECONOMIZER 省煤器ISOLATION 隔离；绝缘CHIMNEY；STACK 烟囱FLUE GAS 烟气WATER 水STEAM 蒸汽SAFETY V ALVE 安全阀DRAIN AND VENT 疏水和排气Boiler Maximum Continuous Rating 锅炉最大连续出力PRESSURE DIFFERENCE 压差BOILER TRIP RESET 锅炉跳闸复位OPERATE MODE SELECT 运行方式选择MANUAL MODE 手动方式MAIN STEAM TEMP/PRESSURE/FLOW 主汽温度/压力/流量FEED WATER FLOW 给水流量REHEATER 再热器manhole 人孔，检修孔Taps 接头pipe taps 管接头test wells 测点插孔Atmosphere 大气Condensate Polisher 除盐装置Safety Valve 安全阀Control Valve 控制阀Saturate 饱和的Flash Tank 扩容箱Flame 火焰三、汽机部分STEAM TURBINE 汽轮机TURBINE GENERATOR 汽轮发电机组CYLINDER 、CASING 汽缸STA TOR 定子ROTOR 转子BEARING 轴承SHAFT 轴BLADE 叶片GEARING 盘车NOZZLE 喷嘴FLANGE 法兰SEAL 密封BEARING BRASS 轴瓦MAIN OIL PUMP 主油泵MAIN STOP V ALVE 主汽阀EMERGENCY GOVERNOR 危急保安器JACKING OIL PUMP 顶轴油泵FILTER 滤网SILENCER 消音器SUCTION PUMP 抽吸泵SYNCHRONIZER 同步器GOVERNOR 调速器HIGH PRESSURE HEATER 高加LOW PRESSURE HEA TER 低加CIRCULATING PUMP 循环泵CONDENSATE PUMP 凝泵CONDENSER HOT WELL 热井LUBE OIL PUMP 润滑油泵MAKE－UP WA TER 补给水OIL STORAGE TANK 储油箱DEMI WATER 除盐水CLOSED COOLING W ATER 闭式冷却水EXTRACTION STEAM抽汽DEAERATOR 除氧器CONDENSER 凝汽器EXHAUST 排汽EJECTOR 喷射器，抽气器V ACCUM 真空EXPANSION 膨胀VIBRATION 振动CIRCULATING 循环1ST STAGE PRESS 第一级压力OPERATE MODE SELECT 运行方式选择OPERATE MANUAL MODE 手动方式MANUAL LOAD SET手动负荷设定TURBINE INLET PRESSURE 汽机入口压力DEAERATOR LEVEL CONTROL V ALUE 除氧器水位控制阀CONDENSER LEVEL CONTROL V ALUE 凝汽器水位控制阀surface condenser 表面凝汽abnormal and normal conditions 变工况和额定工况warm up 暖机Axis Thrust 轴向推力BFP Boiler Feedwater Pump 锅炉给水泵Closed Circulating Cooling Water 闭式循环冷却水Check Valve 逆止阀Cooler 冷却器Heater 加热器Condensate 凝结水Coupling 联轴器Circulation Water Pump 循环水泵Differential Pressure Transmitter 压差变送器Drain Valve 疏水阀Efficiency 效率Extraction System 抽气系统Exhaust 排汽Feedback 反馈Flow transmitter 流量变送器Failure Alarm 故障报警Flange 法兰Gland Steam 轴封蒸汽Heat Conservation 保温Heat Balance 热平衡Level Gauge 液位计Level Alarm 液位报警HP High Pressure 高压IP Intermediate Pressure 中压LP Low Pressure 低压Lubricating Oil 润滑油.MAX Maximum 最大的，最大值的MIN Minimum 最小的Measure 测量Main Steam Valve 主汽阀Pressure Alarm High 高压报警Pressure Alarm Low 低压报警PB Push Button 按钮Pneumatic 气动的Protection 保护Program 程序Plant Water 厂用水Recirculation 再循环Transfer 转换Trouble 故障Tracking 跟踪四、电气部分CURRENT 电流DIRECT CURRENT(DC) 直流ALTERNATING CURRENT(AC) 交流VOLTAGE 电压RESISTANCE 电阻REACTANCE 电抗INDUCTANCE 电感CAPACITANCE 电容POWER 功率FREQUENCY 频率SPEED 速度，转速ACTIVE POWER 有功功率REACTIVE POWER 无功功率LOAD 负荷POWER FACTOR 功率因数LOSS损耗OVER CURRENT 过流OVER VOLTAGE过压OVERLOAD 过载EXCITE 励磁TRANSMISSION 传输COMMUNICA TION 通讯SIGNAL 信号MAGNETIC FIELD 磁场LINE线路GENERATOR发电机BUS 母线EXCITOR 励磁机MOTOR 电动机BUSCOUPLER 母联ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR 异步电动机INSULATOR 绝缘子BUSHING套管ARMA TURE 电枢COIL 线圈MAIN TRANSFORMER 主变WINDING 绕组CORE 铁芯POLE 电极PHASE 相POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER 电压互感器CURRENT TRANSFORMER 电流互感器CONDUCTOR导体CABLE电缆SWITCH 开关NEUTRAL POINT 中性点GROUNDING(EARTHING)接地DISCONNECTOR(DS) 隔离开关BA TTERY 电池CLOSED-LOOP闭环OPEN-LOOP开环ABNORMAL CONDITION 异常状态CONFIGURA TION 结构，布置，外形INTERFACE 接口MCC 马达控制中心DCS DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM 分散控制系统UNINTERRUPTED POWER SUPPL Y 不间断电源THERMO-COUPLE 热电偶Circuit Breaker 断路器Control 控制Controller 控制器Electric Operate 电气操作Field 磁场Generator Cooling 发电机冷却Rectifier 整流器Switchgear 开关装置GIS （gas insulated switchgear）气体绝缘开关五、电液调节及控制部分Valve calibr 阀门标定Trip diagram 遮断程序Hardware 跳线Customer trip 用户遮断Master protetive 主保护遮断EMERGENCY TRIP SYSTEM 危急跳闸系统FAST-ACTING SOLENOID 快动电磁阀INTERCEPT V ALVE 中间截流阀SHUT-OFF VALVE 切断阀BLOWDOWN VLV 泄放阀OVERSPEED PROTECTION CONTROL 超速保护控制AUTO SHUT-DOWN TRIP 自动停机遮断AUTO TURBINE CONTROL 自动汽轮机控制BOOSTER PUMP 前置泵PERMANENT MAGNETIC GENERATORDF 永磁发电机OIL GAUGE 油位表SEAL OIL 密封油CONTROL OIL 控制油SAFEL Y OIL安全油MAIN OIL PUMP 主油泵EMERGENCY OIL PUMP 事故油泵SUCTION PUMP 抽吸泵V ALVE POSITION 阀位置INTERCEPT V ALVES 中间截止阀COMBINED REHEAT V ALVES 中压联合阀FIRST STAGE PRESS 调节级压力MAIN STEAM PRESS 主蒸汽压力REHEAT PRESS 再热汽压力SPEED MONITORING 速度监视SPEED INCREASING 速度增LOAD SET 负荷设定IN STANDBY 在备用状态LOAD LIMITING SET 负荷极限设定LOAD INCREASING 负荷增LOAD DECREASING负荷减AT SET LOAD 在设定负荷V ACUUM TRIP 真空跳闸MAIN STEAM PRESSURE LIMITER 主汽压力限制器ACCELERATION 加速度TURN GEAR CONTROL SEQUENCE 盘车控制程序TURN GEAR PIGGY BACK MOTOR 盘车啮合电机TURN GEAR MOTOR 盘车主电机STEAM SEAL SYS 蒸汽密封系统STEAM SEAL BY-PASS UNLOAD VLV 蒸汽密封旁路泄放阀六、燃机1.Gas turbine 燃机air flow空气流量availability可用率base 基架，基础combined cycle联合循环F class (series, flame)F系列（级）fuel consumption燃料耗量gas generator燃气发生器（压气机＋驱动用透平）heat rate热耗performance性能reliability可靠性(thermal) efficiency（热）效率pressor 压气机abraidable coating可磨涂层（气封）air extraction port放（抽）气口air inlet 空气进口air inlet plenum (assembly)空气进口集流腔室（组件）air seal气封anti-surge 防喘振axial－flow compressor轴流式压气机（压缩机）bearing casing轴承壳体bearing housing轴承座bellmouth （inner，outer）承口（内，外）bleed valve放气阀brush seal 刷子气封compressor casing压气机气缸(中缸)compressor diffuser压气机扩压段（扩压器）compressor discharge casing压缩机排气缸compressor inlet casing压缩机进口缸（承力缸）compressor rotor压气机转子discharge air排气evaporative cooler 蒸发式冷却器exit guide vane(s)出口导叶extraction port 抽气口forward stub shaft前端轴inlet filter (house)进口过滤器（室）inner barrel (cylinder)内缸(off-line) water flush（脱机）水洗pulsation protection （control）喘振保护（控制）rotor blading动叶speed ring测速计齿环stator blading静叶surge margin喘振裕度wheel叶轮wrapper气缸外壁（固定燃烧室部位）bustor 燃烧室cap (cover) assembly （end cover）头部组件(端板，喷嘴安装座) catalytic combustion 催化燃烧centerbody中心体combustion system燃烧系统combustion zone燃烧区convection cooling对流冷却diffusion combustion 扩散燃烧diffusion (premixed) gas扩散（预混）气体燃料effusion cooling扩散冷却emission control排放控制film cooling气膜冷却flame detector火焰监测器flame-out熄火flame stabilizer火焰稳定器flow sleeve导流套筒fuel nozzle燃料喷嘴ignition点火multiple-combustion system 多燃烧室系统premixing combustion预混燃烧outer combustion chamber燃烧室外壳spark plug (igniter) 点火器air cooled blade 空冷叶片bucket动叶bucket dovetail叶根center rib (bucket)（叶片）中部龙骨coating 涂层exhaust diffuser排气扩压段exhaust frame排气缸，承力缸hot gas path（parts）高温燃气通道（零件）nozzle segment喷嘴弧段rabbet 止口sidewall （叶片）端壁thermal barrier coating （TBC）隔热涂层through bolt 贯穿螺栓trailing edge 出气边turbine casing透平前气缸wheel shaft (forward, aft) 端轴（前，后）七、其他1.阀门globe valve 球心阀gate valve 闸门阀ball valve 球阀butterfly valve 蝶阀diaphragm valve 膜板阀，隔膜阀needle valve 针型阀bellows seal valve 波纹管密封阀check valve 止回阀angle valve （coner）角阀reverse flow valve 换向阀water seal valve 水封阀safety valve 安全阀relief valve 减压阀float valve 浮阀motor valve 电动阀air motor valve 气动阀piston valve 活塞阀solenoid valve 电磁阀cock valve 两通阀3-way valve（cross valve）三通阀Block valve 隔断阀Blast furnace gas valve 高炉煤气阀Bleed valve 放散阀Ball stop valve 球阀Ball non-return valve 球形止回阀Back-press valve 止回阀Automatic regulating valve 自动调节阀Automatic cutout valve 自动切断阀Bolier feed alve 锅炉给水阀Bullet valve 球阀Clack valve 止回阀Condenser level control valve 凝汽器水位调节阀Cone valve 锥形阀Conversion valve 转向阀Coner valve 角阀Coupled valve 联成阀Cut-out magnetic valve 截止电磁阀Cycle tube valve 循环管阀Difference press regulation valve 差压阀Emergency stop valve 危急遮断阀Equilibrium slide valve 平衡滑阀Explosion relief valve 防暴安全阀Extraction check valve 抽汽逆止阀Needle valve 针形阀Muffle safety valve 消音器安全阀Internal spring safety relief valve 弹簧式安全阀Gas inlet valve 煤气放散阀Fule control valve 燃料控制阀Flow regulatering valve 节流阀Flood valve 溢流阀Fire valve 消防栓Extraction control valve 抽汽调节阀2.开关normally opened 正常开normally closed 正常关partial opening 部分开lock open 连锁打开lock close 连锁关闭fail open 出事故打开fail chose 出事故关闭fail lock 出事故锁住3.附件filter,strainer 过滤器reducer 减压器flexible hose 软质胶管spectacle flange 双孔法兰blind plate 盲板orifice 通气孔vent line 排气管线welding connection 焊接sight glass 观察孔screwing cap 螺帽blind flange 盖板hose connection 软管连接duplex filter 双重过滤器flow nozzle 测流嘴drain pit 排水坑seal pot 密封罐wire net 金属丝网regulator with filter 带过滤器的调节器plug 插头spray nozzle 喷雾嘴。
燃机英语词汇(英汉)检索手册3WN three winding 三绕组A alarm 报警AB auxiliary boiler 辅助锅炉ABN abnormal 异常的ABS absolute 绝对的ABSBR absorber 吸收体(器),减震器ABT about 大约ABV above 超过,在……之上AC alternating current 交流电ACB air circuit breaker 空气断路器ACC air cooled condenser 空气冷却式冷凝器ACCES accessory 附加ACCL acceleration 加速（度）ACCP air cooled condensing plant 空气冷却式冷凝装置ACCUM accumulator 蓄能器ACD acid 酸ACKN acknowledge 确认ACS access 检修孔（门）ACT actual 实际的ACTD actuated 致动的ACTG acting 作用的ACTIV activated 激发的，触发的ACTN action 动作ACTR actuator 致动器，执行机构ACW auxiliary cooling water 辅助冷却水AC/O automatic change over 自动切换AD anode 阳极ADD additional 附加的，补充的ADJ adjusting 调整ADMN admission 进气ADPTR adapter 结合器，异径接头，适配器ADR address 地址ADS absorber 吸附器ADV advance 前进，超前AFT after （在）后面AGG aggregate 聚合AGIT agitator 搅拌器AGT agent (试,媒,作用)剂,介质AHD ahead 在前面AIR air 空气AIR-V air valve 空气阀ALKALTY alkalinity 碱度ALLOW allowance 容差ALTRN alternation 交流发电机AMB ambient 环境的AMM ammeter 安培计AMNA ammonia 氨AMPL amplifier 放大器AMPTD amplitude 振幅AN anion 阴离子ANAL analyzer 分析器ANLG analog 模拟ANN annunciator 信号报警器ANN-LAMPA annunciator lamp alarm 信号(报警)器,灯光报警器ANT-FM anti-foam 消泡剂ANX annex 附件(录)APPAR apparatus 装置,设备ARBLT air blast 鼓风ARCT air collecting tank 空气收集罐ARHTR air heater 空气加热器ARR arrestor 避雷器,制动器ASH ash 灰分ASMOISP ash moistening pump 灰分增湿泵ASSY assembly 装配,组件ATM atmospheric 大气的ATMZR atomizer 雾化器ATP attemperator 温度控制器ATT automatic turbine tester 自动涡轮测试装置AUD audible 音响的,可听的AUTO automatic 自动的AUX auxiliary 辅助的AUXVOLT auxiliary voltage 辅助电压A V AIL available 可得到的A VE average 平均A VR automatic voltage regulator 自动电压调节器AX axial 轴向的AXS axis 轴线A/S air side 空气侧B-LOAD base load 基本负荷BACKW backwash 反冲洗BAL balance 平衡BAR/GR barring gear 盘车装置BAS basin 水槽(池)BA TT battery 电池BB bus bar 母线BBOX black box 黑盒BC binary control 二元控制BEF before 在……前面BEH behind 在……后面BF boiler feed 锅炉给水BHOU boiler house 锅炉房BIN binary 二元的,二进制的BIOSY biocide generation system 杀虫剂产生系统BLD blade 叶片BLI blinking 闪光BLK blocking 阻塞BLO block 程序块,单元,阻塞BLR boiler 锅炉BLRCLD boiler cladding 锅炉护板BLWR blower 鼓风机BNDL bundle 管束BNK bank (数据)库,管箱BOT bottle 瓶(钢瓶)BOX box 盒BP booster pump 增压泵BPT booster pump turbine 增压泵涡轮BR barrel 筒体BRCH branch 分支BRD board 板BRDG bridge 电桥BRG bearing 轴承BRK breaking 断路BRKR breaker 断路器BRN brine 盐水BS-V boiler stop valve 锅炉关断阀BSDG black start diesel generator 黑启动柴油（机）发电机BSHG bushing 衬套BSTM bled steam 抽汽BSTM-V bled steam valve 抽汽阀BSTR booster 增压器BTM bottom 底部BTTN button 按钮BTWN between 在……之间BUCHZ buchholz 布兹霍尔茨BUF buffer 缓冲器BUI building 建造，建筑物BURN burner 燃烧器BUSDCT busduct 母线管BUT-V butterfly valve 蝶阀BW balance water 补给水B/D blow down 排污B/P bypass 旁通B/PI-V bypass isolating valve 旁通隔离阀B/UP back up 备用C-C combustion chamber 燃烧室C-CL combustion chamber left 左燃烧室C-CR combustion chamber right 右燃烧室CA cold air 冷空气CAB cabinet 柜，小间CAG cage 机架，笼，罩，盒CAL calibration 校准CALC calculation 计算CAN canal 槽（波，信）道CAND candle 火花塞，烛光（光强度单位）CAP capacitor 电容器CAPY Capacity 容量CARB carbon 碳CARR carrying 承载的CARW A car washing area 车辆清洗区CA T cation 阳离子CA TH cathode 阴极CA TY catalyzer 催化剂CB circuit breaker 断路器CBD continuous blow down 连续排污CBL cable 电缆CBO compressor blow-off 压气机放气CC combined cycle 联合循环CCEP condensate collecting tank extraction pumps 冷凝水收集罐排出泵CCP combined cycle process 联合循环工艺CCPP combined cycle power plant 联合循环电站CCR central control room 中央控制室CCT circuit 电路CCW closed-circuit cooling water 闭式冷却水CCWHX closed cooling water heat exchanger 闭式冷却水热交换电器CCWP closed cooling water pump 闭式冷却水泵CD clean drains 清洗排放CDV condenser drains vessel 冷凝器冷凝水室CENT central 中央的CENTRIF centrifuge 离心机CEP main condensate extraction pump 主冷凝水排出泵CF control fluid 控制流体CG cold gas 冷气体CH change 变化CHAR character 特性CHEM chemical 化学的CHG changer 变换器CHGE charge 装料，充电CHGR charging 装料，充电CHIM chimney 烟囱CHK check 检查CHLD chilled 被冷却的CHLOPL chlorination plant 氯化处理装置CHLOR chlorine 氯气CHLR chiller 深冷器CHMB chamber 小室CHRST characteristic 特性CI control interface 控制接口CIRC circulated 循环的CJC cold junction compensator 冷端接合补偿器CK choke 阻塞CL clutch 离合器CLARFR clarifier 澄清器CLC closed loop control 闭环控制CLD cooled 被冷却的CLG cooling 冷却CLK clock 时钟CLKW clockwise 顺时针方向的CLN clean 清洁,清洁的CLNG cleaning 清洗CLNT coolant 冷却剂CLR cooler 冷却器CLS close 关闭CLSD closed 闭合的,关闭的CLT collector 收集器CLTG collecting 收集的CMD command 指令CMP RM computer room 计算机室CMPD compound 复合的,化合物CMPNT component 部件CMPTR computer 计算机CNCL cancel 取消CND conduit 导管,线管CNDCTR conductor 导体CNTNR container 容器CNTOR contactor 接触器CNTR counter 计数器CNTRWT counterweight 用配重平衡,抵消CO2 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳COAG coagulant 凝结剂,絮凝剂COAL coal 煤COEF coefficient 系数COIL coil 线圈COL column 柱,列COLD cold 冷的COM common 普通的,公共的COMB combustion 燃烧COMBI combination 组合,化合COMM commissioning 调试COMMUN communication 通讯COMP compressed 压缩的COMPEN compensation 补偿COMPGR Compensation graph 补偿曲线COMPL completed 完成的COMPOR compensator 补偿器,膨胀接头COMPR compressor 压气机CON contact 接触,触点CONCT concentrate 集中,浓缩物COND condensate 冷凝液,冷凝水CONDG conditioning 调节CONDR condenser 冷凝器CONDY conductivity 传导率,导电率CONN connector 连接器,接头CONST constant 常数,恒定的CONSU consumption 消耗,损耗CONTIN continuous 连续的CONTR contract 收缩,合同CONTT content 内容CONV converter 转换器CONVY conveyor 输送机COORD coordination 调整,组织,协调COR core 核心,铁芯,芯线CORR correction 校正COS cosine 余弦COV cover 盖,罩CP circulation pump 循环泵CPH condensate pre heater 凝水预热器CPL couple 联接器CPP condensate polishing plant 冷凝水洁净装置CPU central process unit 中央处理机CR control room 控制室CRG carriage 支架,滑架CRIT critical 临界的CRK crank 曲轴,手摇柄CRN crane 起重机CRNMTR chronometer 记时计CRO oscillorgaph 示波器CROIL crude oil 原油CRP condensate recirculation pump 冷凝水再循环泵CRS coarse 粗的,未加工的CRSH crusher 破碎机CRSN corrosion 腐蚀CRSV corrosive 腐蚀的CRSVR cross over 相交,间距CRTA criteria 标准,准则,判据CRV curve 曲线CSG casing 机匣CST condensate storage tank 冷凝水储存罐CSTG casting 铸件,铸造CT current transformer 电流互感器,变流器CTCHR catcher 收集器,除尘器CTG cotangent 余切CTP current transformer pump 凝水输送泵CTR center 中心CTRL control 控制CTRL-V control valve 控制阀CTWR cooling tower 冷却塔CUB cubicle 开关柜,小室CULV culvert 电缆管道,下水道CUR current 电流，现在的CUT cutter 刃具,割嘴CVRSN conversion 转换,换算CW cooling water 冷却水CWP main cooling water pump 主冷却水泵CWPB circulating water pump building 循环水泵室CWPIP circulating water pipe 循环水管道CY cycle 循环,周期CYL cylinder 气缸C/O change over 转换,切换D day 天D-V drain valve 排放阀DA deka 十(词头)DAMP damper 挡板,阻尼器DAS data acquisition system 数据采集系统DA T datum 数据,资料DATA data 数据,资料DB decibel 分贝DBL double 两倍的,双联的DC direct current 直流电DCPLG decoupling 去藕DCT duct 导管DE drive end 驱动端DE-EX de-excitation 去激励,灭磁DECARB decarbonated 除去二氧化碳,除去碳酸DECR decrease 减少DEF defect 故障,缺陷DEFL deflect 偏转,转折,挠曲DEG degree 度DEAERATE deaerate 脱气,去氧DEGC centigrade 摄氏温度DEGF degree fahrenheit 华氏温度DEHUMI dehumidify 去湿,干燥DEION deioniser 脱离子剂DEL delivery 交付,输送DELE delete 删去DEMI demineralisinag 去矿化,除盐DEMIN demineralised 去矿化的,除盐的DEMIPL demineralisation plant 除盐装置DENS density 密度DEP depression 降低,抑制DEPHLEG dephlegmator 分馏器,蒸馏塔DESAL desalinate 脱盐DET detector 探测器DETN determination 确定,定义DEV deviation 偏差,偏离DEVI device 装置,元件DFG dry flue gas 干烟气DFM defoamer 消泡剂DFT drain flash tank 疏水膨胀箱DFTR deflector 偏转板,折流板DGASF degasifier 脱气器DIA diameter 直径DIAG diagonal 对角线,对角的,斜撑DIAGR diagram 图DIAPH diaphragm 隔膜,隔板,膜片DIAPH-V diaphragm valve 隔膜阀DIEL dielectric 不导电的,介电的DIFF difference 差别DIFN diffusion 扩散,扩压DIG digital 数字的,指状的DIL diluted 稀释的DILN dilution 稀释DIM dimension 尺地,量钢,维DIO diode 二极管DIR direct 直接的DIREN direction 方向DIRN direction 方向DIS discharge 放电,排放DISCON disconnecting 拆开,断路DISCR discrepancy 离散,偏差DISOLV dissolved 溶解的DISP displacement 位移,排量DISPA dispatching 发送,装运DISPL display 显示DIST distance 距离DISTB disturbed 扰动的DISTILL distillate 蒸馏,馏份DISTOR distortion 变形,畸变,失真DISTR distribution 分布,分配DIV division 区分,除(法),部门DIVR diverter 分流器,分流电阻,换向器DK desk 试验台,面板DL dial 标度盘,千分表DLCONVY drag link conveyor 牵引杆输送机DLD/COAL 蒸馏的煤焦油燃料TAR-FDL Y daily 每日的,日用的DMP dump 库房,卸料DMY dummy (实体)模型,平衡活塞DO diffusion operation 扩散燃烧运行DOC document 文件,资料DOM domestic 国内的DOOR door 门DOS dosing 加药DOTTED/LR dotted line record 虚线记录DP differential pressure 压差DPOI dew point 露点(温度)DPTH depth 深度DR drier 干燥器DRM drum 锅筒,转鼓DRN drain 排放,冷凝水DRO drop 液滴,降低DRV drive 驱动,传动装置DRVR driver 司机,主动轮DRY dry 干的DSC disc 轮盘DSC-V disc valve 片状阀DSIDE discharge side 放电侧,排放侧DSL diesel 柴油DST dust 烟尘DS/HTG de-superheating (给过热蒸汽)降温DS/HTR de-superheater 过热(蒸汽)减温器DT differential temperature 温差DTY duty 职责,负载DUP duplicate 复制,加倍,双联的DURN duration 持续时间,工作时间DWG drawing 图纸DWL dowel 榫销,定位销DWP drain water pump 疏水泵DY delay 滞后,迟延DYN dynamic 动力学的,动态的DYNM dynamometer 测力计,测功器D/A deaerator 除氧器D/AST deaerator storage tank 除氧水箱D/STR downstream 下游的E electrical(ly) 电气的E-T/HTG e-trace heating 电伴热ECCY eccentricity 偏心率ECON economizer 经济器,省煤器ECP electro clorination plant 电氯化处理装置EE electrical end 发电端,电气端EFF efficiency 效率EFP electric feed pump 电动给水泵EFT effective 有效的,现行的EHC electro hydraulic controller 电动-液压控制器EHCV electro hydraulic converter 电动-液压控制器EHG electro hydraulic governor 电动-液压调速器EJEC ejection 喷射EJR ejector 喷射器,射流抽气泵ELAS elastic 弹性的ELCTD electrode 电极,电焊条ELCTLT electrolyte 电解溶液,电解质ELCTRN electron 电子ELEM element 元素,部件ELEV elevation 提升,海拔标高ELON elongation 拉长,延伸率ELOP emergency lube oil pump 应急润滑油泵ELT electronic 电子的ELVTR elevator 升降机,电梯EM BRG O-PMP emergency bearing oil pump 应急轴承润滑油泵EMAG electro-magentic 电磁的EMC energy management center 能源管理中心EMCFG electrical measuring configuration 电测配置EMDG emergency diesel generator 应急柴油(机)发电机EMERGY emergency 紧急情况EMEXIT emergency exit 紧急出口EMTY empty 空的,皮重ENAB enabling 使……能ENC enclosure 箱装体,外壳ENG engine 发动机ENGY energy 能量ENRGS energized 激发的,通以电流ENT entry 入口ENTH enthalpy 焓ENVRMT environment(tal) 环境(的)EOIL emergency oil 应急油EP extraction pump 抽气(液)泵EQL equal 相等的EQUIL equilibrium 平衡EQUIP equipment 设备EQUIV equivalent 等效的,当量的ERR error 误差,错误ESC escape 逸出,漏出EST estimate(d) 估算(的),预测(的) ESV emergency stop valve 紧急关断阀ET emergency trip 紧急跳闸ETC et cetera 其他种种EV AC evacuate 抽空,排空EV AL evacuation 测定,估计EV AP evaporator 蒸发器EX example 例子EXAM examination 检验,验算,考试EXC excitation 励磁EXCDD exceeded 超过的EXCE exciter end 励磁机端EXCH exchanger 交换器,交换剂EXCL exclusion 排除在外,拒绝EXCSS excess 过量,超过量,剩余的EXGU extinguisher 灭火器EXH exhaust 排气,排出EXHD exhaust dust 排气灰尘EXL external 外部的EXP expansion 膨胀,延伸率EXPLO explosion 爆炸,炸裂EXR exciter 励磁机EXT extension 伸长,延长,延伸EXTI extinction 熄灭,消失,衰减EXTN extraction 抽取,提取EXTR extractor 分离器,分离机,抽气器EXTRN extreme 末端的,极端的,过度的E/F earth fault 接地故障E/H electro hydraulic 电压-液动的E/SW earthing switch 接地开关F-B feedback 反馈F-C flow control 流动控制,流量控制FAC forced air cooling 强制空气冷却FACIL facility 设备,工具,器材FAIL failure 故障,失灵FC fluid coupling 液力耦合器FCD forced 强制的FCG facing 端面车削,饰面FD forced draft 强制通风FDLNE feed line 给水(油)管路,馈线FDN foundation 基础,底座FDPIP feed pipe 给水管道,供给管道FDR feeder 进料器,馈电线FEED feed 供给,给水FELD field 场,现场FELR feeler 塞尺,厚薄规,探针FFW fire fighting water 消防用水FG fuel gas 气体燃料FGC functional group control 功能组控制FIG figure 插图GIGH fighting 灭火的FIL fill 充注,装料FIR fire 火焰,燃烧FIX fixing 固件,附件,修理FLD fluid 流体FLEX flexible 挠性的FLG flange 法兰FLL full 充满的,完全的FLM flame 火焰FLOC flocculator 絮凝器(池)FLOW flow 流动,流量FLP flap 挡板,阀瓣,闸门FLR filler 注油口,漏斗,填充物FLSH flash 闪光,闪蒸FLT fault 故障FLTR filter 过滤器FLTY faulty 出故障的FLUGAS flue gas 烟气FLUSH flush 冲洗,齐平的FM foam 泡沫FN fan 风扇FNL final 最终的FO fuel oil 燃油FORMA formation 形成,成形FP feed pump 给水泵,供给泵FR front 前面,锋面,额线FRAC fraction 份额,分数FREQ frequency 频率FRICT friction 摩擦FRM frame 机架,框架FS fuse 保险丝FST fast 快的FSTNR fastener 紧固件FTOR factor 系数,因素,要素FU fuel 燃料FULFLD fulfilled 满足的,实现的FUNCT functional 功能的FUND fundamental 基本的,基础FURN furnace 炉膛FV flash vessel 闪蒸箱,膨胀箱FW feed water 给水FWD forward 向前的,运送FWP feedwater pump 给水泵FWT feed water tank 给水罐(箱)FXTR fixture 夹具F/T fault/trip 故障/跳闸G gauge 量规,量测仪器GALV galvanic (流)电的,镀锌的GAS gas 气体GASF gasifier 气化器GA T gate 闸门,选通器GA T-V gate valve 闸阀GBRG gearbox bearing 齿轮箱轴承GD grid 电网GDE guide 导向件,指南GDEV AN guide vane 导叶GEN generator 发电机GENBUS generator bus 发电机母线GENE generator end 发电机端GENL general 概要GFCHX generator forced cooling heat exchanger 发电机强制冷却热交换器GFCPP generator forced cooling pump 发电机强制冷却泵GL globe 球形物,球体GLND gland (密封)压盖GLS glass 观察窗,玻璃GMTRY geometry 几何形状GND ground 接地,地线,地GOV governor 调速器,调节器GPH graphic 图的,图示的,图线的GR gear 齿轮GRA graphite 石墨GRAD gradient 梯度GRA V gravel 砂砾(层)GRA VI gravity 重力GRBXS gear box side 齿轮箱侧GRD grinder 砂轮,磨床GRDTN graduation 分度,分等级GRP group 组,族,类GRPG grouping 分类,分组,配置GRS grease 润滑油脂GRT grout 灰浆GRV groove 槽,凹口GRVD grooved 开槽的GRWT gross weight 毛(总)重GS generator side 发电机侧GSA general service air 总供气GSKT gasket 垫片GT gas turbine 燃气轮机GTB gas turbine building 燃气轮机间GTC gas turbine controller 燃气轮机控制器(调节器) GTE grate 格栅,炉篦GTG gas turbine generator 燃气轮机发电机GTY gantry 吊机架,高架起重机GWH gigawatt-hour 千兆瓦一小时GWTH growth 增大,长大G/BOX gearbox 齿轮箱G/BOXES gearbox side 齿轮箱侧H high 高的H-OIL heavy oil 重油H2 hydrogen 氢气H2/S h2 side 氢气侧HA hot air 热空气HAS hardwired alarm system 硬连接报警系统HD head 头部,扬程HD-O-DE delivery head 输送扬程HDL handle 手柄,手轮,把手HDLG handling 处理HDLS headless 无头的HDNS hardness 硬度HDR header 联管箱,标题HDWHL handwheel 手轮HEX hexagon 六角(边)形HF-OIL heavy fuel oil 重(燃)油HG mercury 水银HGT height 高度HH high high 高高HK hook 吊钩HLDG holding 夹持HLDR holder 夹具，焊把HLF half 一半HLL hall 机房，办公大楼HMNC harmonic 谐波，谐波的HNG hinged 铰接的HOG hot gas 热燃气HOL hollow 空心的HOR horizontal 水平的HOU house 房子HP high pressure 高压HPCP high pressure circulation pump 高压循环泵HPFP high pressure feed pump 高压给水泵HPPR hopper 漏斗HPS high pressure steam 高压蒸汽HPT high pressure turbine 高压涡轮HRB heat recovery boiler 余热锅炉HRSG heat recovery steam generator 余热锅炉HS heating steam 加热蒸汽HS-V heat steam valve 热蒸汽阀HSG housing 外壳，轴承座HSG-V heat steam gate valve 热蒸汽闸阀HSPD high speed 高速HST hoist 升降机，卷扬机，绞车HTEMP high temperature 高温HTG heating 加热HTN high tension 高张力，高应力状态HTR heater 加热器HUMID humidity 湿度HUNT hunting 寻找（故障），震荡HVDY heavy duty 重型的，重载的HVOLT high voltage 高电压HW hotwell 热井HX heat exchanger 热交换器HYBR hybrid 混合的，混合电路HYD hydraulic 液压的，液力的HYDR hydrazine 联氨HYDRST hydrostatic 流体静力的HYPO hypochloric 次氯(酸)的H/A hand/auto 手动/自动H/STEP hydraulic step 液压步进I-V isolating valve 隔离阀ID induced draft 引风(机)IDC individual drive control 单一传动控制IDFN induced draught fan 引风机IDR inside diameter 内径IDX index 索引,下标IFO in front of 在……前面IGN ignition 点火IGNTR ignitor 点火器IGV inlet guide vanes 进口导叶IMM immersed 浸没的IMMED immediate 直接的,立即的IMP impulse 脉冲IMPD impedance 阻抗IMPLR impeller 叶轮IMPT impact 冲击INBD inboard 舱内的,机内的,内侧的INC incoming 入射的,进入的INCL inclusive 包括的,内含的INCLN inclination 倾斜INCR increment 增量IND indication 指示INDC induced 感应的INDEP independent 独立的,无关的INDIV individual 个别的,单独的INDR indoor 室内的INF infinite 无限的INFD infeed 横切(进给)INFL inflow 流入,入流INFLL inflammable 可燃的INFO information 信息INHER inherent 固有的INHIB inhibitor 抑制剂INIT initiation 开始,起动,激发INJ injection 注入,喷入INL inlet 入口INP input 输入INR inner 内部的INRIA inertia 惯性INRT inert 惰(惯)性的,不活泼的INR.B inner bottom 内(部的)底INR.T inner top 内(部的)顶INS inside 内部INSP inspect 检查INSRT insert 插入,插入件INST instantaneous 瞬时(作用)的INSTR instrument 测量仪表INT integration 集成,综合INTCHG interchange 交换INTCLR intercooler 中间冷却器INTCOM intercommunication 互相通讯INTCON interconnecting 相互连接INTCOV intercover 中间覆盖层INTCPT interceptor 遮断器INTEN intensity 强度,密集度INTFER interference 干扰INTGTR integrator 积分仪,积算器INTK intake 进口,吸入INTL internal 内部的INTM intermediate 中间的,媒介物INTPOS interposing 置于……之间INTR interior 内部的INTRPT interrupt 中断,间断INTSCT intersection 相交INTST interstage 级间的INTTRN interturn 变化中的,转换INV inverter 变换器INVS inverse 相反的,倒的ION ion 离子IPD isolated phase bus duct 分相封闭式母线导管IR infra-red 红外线IRREG irregular 不规则的ISEN isentropic 等熵的ISOL isolating 隔离的,绝缘的ISOLR isolator 隔离开关,绝缘体I&C instrumentation and control 仪表和控制I/F interface 接口,界面I/L interlock 联锁I/MIT intermittent 间歇的,脉动的JAMG jamming 堵塞,干扰JB junction box 接线盒JKT jacket 护套,套管JN join 联合,接合JNL journal 轴径JOG joggle 摇动,榫接JT joint 接头,连接JTY jetty 码头JUNCT junction 接合,接头KBD keyboard 键盘KEYSW key switch 电键开关KPL kick plate 脚瞪板L level 液位L-C level control 液位控制L-O lock out 切断,闭锁LAB laboratory 实验室LAD ladder 梯子LAG lagging 隔热层,滞后LAGN lagoon (污泥)储留池LATL lateral 横向的,侧向的LBL label 标签LBR lumber 木材LBYR labyrinth 曲径式密封LCH latch 掣爪LCL local 局部的,机旁的,本机的LCR local control room 就地(机旁)控制室LDG loading 装料,升负荷LDS lead(s) 引线,导管LEAKG leakage 漏泄LFT left 左面的LG length 长度LGC logic 逻辑LGE large 大的LGR logging 记录,值班记录LH left hand 左手侧LHB left hand bottom 左手侧底部LHT left hand top 左手侧顶部LIFT lifting 提升LIN linear 真线的,线性的LIOP lifting oil pump 顶轴油泵LIQ liquid 液体LIT light 光,轻的,点亮(火) LITG lighting 照明,点灯(火)LITNG lightning 放电,闪电LJUSTRM ljungstroem 尔琴斯特洛耶姆(人名) LK leak 漏泄LKGE linkage 连接,连杆LL low level 低液位(低电平)LLD low load 低负荷LM lumen 流明(光通量单位) LME lime 石灰LMT limitation 限制LMTM limit monitor 极限监测器LMTR limiter 限制器LNE line 线路,管线LNG long 长的LNGT long time 长时间LO lubricating oil 润滑油LOAD load 负载LOC lubricating oil cooler 润滑油冷却器LOCK locker 柜,锁扣装置LONG longitudinal 纵向的LOP lube oil pump 润滑油泵LOT lube oil tank 润滑油箱LOUV louver 百叶窗LOW low 低的LP low pressure 低压LPCP low pressure circulating pump 低压循环泵LPFP low pressure feed pump 低压给水泵,低压供给泵LPIP loop pipe 环形管道LPS low pressure steam 低压蒸汽LSPD low speed 低速LSS loss 损失LT lamp test 灯试法LUB lubrication 润滑LUBCH lubricant change 润滑剂更换LUM luminous 发光的LV low voltage 低电压LV AC low vacuum 低真空度LVE live 有效的,新鲜的LVOLT low voltage 低电压LWR lower 较低的,下部的LWRG lowering 降低L/O leak-off 漏泄M-V modulating valve 调节阀MACH machine 机器MAG magnet 磁铁MAGTD magnitude 大小,幅度MAIN main 主要的,总线MALF malfunction 不正常工作,故障MAN manual 手动的MANO manometer 压力计MARG margin 裕度,余量MARSG marshalling 配置整齐MAX maximum 最大的MC mechanical configuration 机械结构MCB miniature circuit breaker 微型断路器MCC motor control center 马达控制中心MCD module control desk 单元控制台MCP module control panel 单元控制盘MCR maximum continuous rating 最大的连续额定功率MDE mode 方式MDE-O-DR mode of driving 驱动方式MDE-O-OPR mode of operation 运行方式MDN median 中央的,中线的,中值MEAS measurement 测量MECH mechanical 机械的MED medium 介质,中等的MET metering 测量,计量MF minimum flow 最小流量MFC minimum flow control 最小流量控制MFL minimum flow line 最小流量管线MFLD manifold 总管MIC micro 微观的,微量的MID middle 中间的,中间MIN minimum 最小的MINI miniature 微型的,小型的MISC miscellaneous 杂项的,其它ML mill 工厂,研磨机MLOP main lubricating oil pump 主润滑油泵MLOT main lubricating oil tank 主润滑油箱MOB mobile 可移动的MOD module 模件,组件MODG modulating 调节MODG-D modulating damper 调节挡板MODI modify 修改MOIS moisture 湿度,潮气MOISG moistening 加湿MON monitor 监视器MPSW measuring point selector switch 测量点选择开关MS main steam 主蒸汽MSTR master 主要的,工长MTL metal 金属MTN motion 运动MTR motor 马达,原动机MULT multiple 多重的MVBL movable 可活动的MVG moving 活动的MVT movement 运动,动作MXD mixed 混合的MXG mixing 混合MXT mixture 混合物M/U make-up 补给N-COIN non-coincidence 不一致,非吻合NAOH caustic soda 苛性钠NAR narrow 狭窄的NA T natural 自然的NB nominal bore 标称孔径NBR number 数目,号码ND nominal diameter 标称(名义)直径NDE non-driving end 非驱动端NDL needle 针,指针NEC necessary 必要的NEG negative 负的NEUT neutral 中性的,不带电的NEUTRALN neutralization 中和作用NG natural gas 天然气NIP nipple 螺纹接头NLTC no-load tap changer 空载抽头切换开关NO2 nitrogen-dioxide 二氧化氮NOM nominal 标称的,名义的NORM normal 正常的NOT not 不NOX nitrogen oxide 氮氧化物NOZ nozzle 喷嘴NP nominal pressure 标称压力NPSH net positive suction head 净正抽吸压头NR non-return 止回的NRF non-return flap 止回挡板NRV non-return valve 止回阀NTH north 北方PL not complete 未完成的,不完全的N.ON not on 未接通N.OPEN not open 未打开N.REGEN not regenerating 不再生的,不回收的N/C normally closed 常闭的N/O normally open 常开的O-CLR oil cooler 油冷却器,冷油器O-CP oil collecting pit 集油坑O-PMP oil pump 油泵O-TNK oil tank 油箱O-TRN oil turner 油搅动器O-WST oily waste 含油废料O2 oxygen 氧气OA overall 总的OBL obligatory 必须做的OCC occupation 占有,职业OD outside diameter 外(直)径OFLTC off-load tap changer 卸载抽头切换开关OIL oil 油,滑油OLC open loop control 开环控制OLTC on-load tap changer 加载抽头切换开关OP operation 运行,操作OPERD operated 运行的OPN open loop control 打开,敞开的OPNG opening 打开OPP opposite 相对的,对面的OPRL operational 运行的,操作的OPT optical 光学的OPTR operator 操作人员,操作符ORD order 次序,命令,数量级ORF orifice 孔板ORIG original 原始的,原型OSC oscillate 振荡OSCGRM oscillogram 示波(波形)图OT outlet temperature 出口温度OTC outlet temperature calculated 计算的出口温度OUT outside 外部的OUTDR outdoor 室外的,露天的OUTGG outgoing 输出的,离开的OUTR outer 外部的,表面的OUTR.B outer bottom 外底部OUTR.T outer top 外顶部OV over 在……上方,经过,结束OV AP oil vapor extractor 油蒸汽抽气器(分离器) OVEREXC over excitation 过励磁OVTR overtravel 多余行程,过调O/C over current 过(电)流O/C-S/C over current short circuit 过(电)流短路O/FL overflow 溢流,溢出O/L overload 过载O/P output 输出量,输出功率O/S overspend 超速P-BLOW pressure blow 压力鼓风P-C pressure control 压力控制P-GRAD pressure gradient 压力梯度P-RA TIO pressure ratio 压比P-V pilot valve 导阀,伺服阀PA primary air 一次空气PABL primary air blower 一次空气送风机PACK package 包装,成套设备PAF primary air fan 一次空气风扇PANT pantograph 比例绘图器PART particle 微粒PASS passage 通道PB pushbutton 按钮PC printed circuit 印刷电路PCB printed circuit board 印刷电路板PCC power control center 电力控制中心PCE piece 件,个PD pond 蓄水池PDSC power dispatch system center 电力输配系统中心PED pedestal 支座,支架,轴架,垫座PEN penetration 贯穿,透过PERD periodic 周期性的PERM permanent 永久的,常设的PERMB permiability 渗透率,透气性PERP perpendicular (与……)垂直PF power factor 功率因数PFE profile 型面,叶型,断面图PFL pulferised fuel 雾化燃料PFM power factor meter 功率因数测定仪PG purge gas 清吹气体PGMT pigment 颜色,加颜色PH phase 相位,阶段PH-R phase r R相PH-S phase s S相PH-T phase t T相PHOS phosphate 磷酸盐PIP pipeline 管线PIST piston 活塞PIT pit 坑PK peak 峰值PKT pocket 囊,套PL plunger 柱塞PLA plate 板PLATF platform 平台PLC place 地方,场所,位置PLE pole (磁,电)极PLG plug 螺塞,插头PLG-IN plug-in 插座,插入PLR pillar 支柱PLRTY polarity 极性PLS pulse 脉冲PLSG pulsating 脉动PLT pilot 导向器,控制器PLTG plating 电镀,镀敷PM permanent magnet 永久磁铁PMP pump 泵PNEU pneumatic 气动的PNL panel 壁板,仪表板PNT point 点,指针PO premix operation 预混合运行POL polishing 抛光POLPHOSPH polyphosphate 聚磷酸盐PORT portable 手提式的,移动式的,便携式的POS positive 正的,肯定的POSN position 位置POSNR positioner 定位器POSS possible 可能的POT potable 饮用的POTI potentionmeter 电位针PR pair 一对,线对,对绞PRB probe 探针,测头PRCN precision 精度,精确的PRECIP precipitator 沉淀,淀析PRECT precoat 预涂(层),底漆PREM premix 预混合PREP preparation 预制,预先加工,准备PRES pressure 压力PRF proof 证明,证据PRFM performance 性能PRGG purging 清吹PRGM program 大纲,计划,程序PRI primary 一次的,主要的,最初的PRMG priming (涂)底漆PRMTR parameter 参数PROBY probability 概率,可能性PROC process 过程PROJ project 计划,方案,工程PROPN proportional (成正)比例的PROT protective 保护的,保护剂PRSD pressed 加压的,模压的PRT partial 部分的PRTR printer 印刷机,打印机PS pump side 泵侧PSIG pressure above atmosphere 超过大气压的压力值PSS power system stabiliser 电力系统稳定器PT plant 装置,电站,工厂PTN partition 隔板PUB public 公用的,公开的PUL pull 拉伸,牵引PULV pulferising 雾化PUL Y pulley quarter 滑轮PUR purity 纯度,纯化PURIF purifier 净化器PW primary water 一次水PWDR powder 粉末PWR power 电力,动力,功率P/HTR preheater 预热器QCK quick 快的QTC quartz(crystal) 石英QTR quarter 四分之一,象限QTY quantity 数量R right 右面的,正确的R-V regulating valve 调节阀RA rate 比率,速率RAD radial 径向的RADN radiation 辐射,散热器RAP rapping 敲击,振打RAW raw 未处理的,粗制的RC reinforced concreteRCPT receipt 回执,收据RCTN reaction 反应RCV receiving 接收RCVR receiver 接收机,储气室RCVY recovery 恢复,回收RDCN reduction 减少,还原RDDCY redundancy 冗余度RDY ready 准备好的,就绪RE refreactory 耐熔的,高熔点的,耐火材料REAC reactor 反应器,反应物,电抗器REACT reactive 反应的,无功的REC recorder 记录器RECIP reciprocate 往复RECLMR reclaimer 回收设备,再生装置RECLR recooler 重(二次)冷却器RECT rectifier 整流器RECTA rectangle 矩形,直角RED reducer 减压器,变径管,异径接头,还原剂REDU reducing 减少,还原REF reference 参考,基准REFGT refrigerant 致冷剂,冷却介质REFL reflector 反射器REFRD refrigerated 致冷的REG regulate 调整REGEN regeneration 再生,恢复,回热REGR regenerator 回热器REGST registration 登记,注册,记录REHT reheat 再热REHTR reheater 再热器REJ rejection 拒绝,排斥,干扰,抑制REL relative 相对的,关联的RELBL reliable 可靠的RELS release 释放,开通REM remote 遥控的,遥示的REMA remote actuation 遥控致动REMV removal 移动,除去RES resistant 抗(耐)……的RESDL residual 残留的,残余物RESOLN resolution 溶解,分辨RESTRIC restricted (受)限制的RETN return 返回,复原,回动RETRAC retractable 能缩进的REV revise 修改,修订REVO revolution 转动,转数REW review 审查,综述RF raised face(flange) 隆起面(法兰)RFO ready for operation 运行准备就绪RGD rigid 刚性的,坚固的RGH rough 粗糙的RH right hand 右手侧RHB right hand bottom 右手侧底部RHEO rheostat 变阻器RHT right hand top 右手侧顶部RIB ribbed 带肋的RIG rigging 装配,安装,悬吊,索具RKE rake 倾斜,坡度,倾角RL relief 减轻,卸载,降压RLR roller 滚子,滚柱RLV relieving 减轻,卸载RL Y relay 继电器RM room 房间,室RND rounding 修圆RNG ring 环RNGE range 范围RNGG ringing 环绕,鸣铃RNS rinsing 冲洗ROD road 路ROL roll 滚动,滚子ROOF roof 顶盖ROT rotation 旋转RPLSN repulsion 排斥,斥力RPM revolution per minute 转/分RPPR rapper 振动器,松模工具,轻敲锤RPT repeat 重复RR rear 后部RSN resin 松香,树脂RSPSE response 响应RSR riser 提升器RST reset 复位,重新调整RSV reserve 保留,备品RSVR reservoir 储罐,储存器RT resin trap 树脂捕集器RTD rated 额定的RTG rating 额定值RTNG roating 旋转RTR rotor 转子RTRY rotary 旋转的RTSBL roots blower 罗茨鼓风机RTSCOMPR roots compressor 罗茨压缩机RUB rubberized 给……贴上橡胶的RUN running 运行着的RUPT rupture 破裂RVLG revolving 旋转的,转动的RVSE reverse 反的,逆流的RW raw water 未经处理的水,生水R/C recirculating 再循环S shaft 轴S-V stop valve 截止阀SA seal air 密封空气SA-V safety valve 安全阀SAFETY safety 安全性SAL salt 盐SAMP sample 试样,取样SAN sanitary 卫生的SATN saturate 使饱和SB switchboard 配电盘,开关板SC scale 刻度,比例,称SCAN scanner 扫描仪SCN screen 屏幕,屏蔽物SCOPE oscilloscope 示波器SCR screw 螺钉SCTR sector 扇形,区SCVGG scavenging 吹除,清除SCW service cooling water 冷却水供水SCWP service cooling water pump 冷却水供水泵SD side 边,侧SEC section 截面,部分,节SECY secondary 二次的,副线圈,辅助的SEE static excitation equipment 静态励磁设备SEG segmental 部分的,扇形的SEL selection 选择SEN sensing 感觉SENSR sensor 传感器SEP separator 分离器SEQ sequence 顺序SERV service 服务,供(水、油) SERVWDIP service water distribution pump 供水分配泵SERWTR service water 供给水SET setting 设置,调整。
内燃机专业英语自编讲义部分：1. Engine Classification and Overall MechanicsThe automobile engines can be classified according to: 1. number of cylinders; 2. arrangement of cylinders; 3. arrangement of valves; 4. type of cooling; 5. number of cycles (two or four); 6. type of fuel burned; 7. type of ignition.The engine is the source of power that makes the wheels go around and the car move. The automobile engine is an internal-combustion engine because the fuel (gasoline) is burned inside it. The burning of gasoline inside the engine produces high pressure in the engine combustion chamber. This high pressure forces piston to move, the movement is carried by connecting rods to the engine crankshaft. The crankshaft is thus made to rotate; the rotary motion is carried through the power train to the car wheels so that they rotate and the moves.The engine requires a fuel system to supply it with a mixture of air and fuel. The fuel system does this by pumping liquid gasoline from a tank into the carburetor, a mixing device that mixes the gasoline with air. The mixture is delivered to the engine where it is burned.The engine also needs a cooling system, the combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the engine creates a very high temperature (as high as 2000 to 2700 ℃). The cooling system takes heat away from the engine by circulating a liquid coolant (water mixed with antifreeze) between the engine and a radiator. The coolant gets hot as it goes through the engine. It cools off as it goes through the radiator. Thus, the coolant continually takes heat away from the engine, where it could do damage, and delivers it to the radiator. Air passing through the radiator takes heat away from the radiator.The engine also includes a lubricating system. The purpose of the lubricating system is to supply all moving parts inside the engine with lubricating oil; the oil keeps moving parts from wearing excessively.The engine requires a fourth system, the ignition system. The ignition system provides high-voltage electric sparks that ignite, or set fire to, the charges of air-fuel mixture in the engine combustion chambers.The fifth is starting system and its purpose is to change the electrical current into the mechanical energy to push the crank-shaft around. By means of this, the engine can be started.These five systems are discussed briefly in following sections.Words and Expressionscombustion chamber 燃烧室；ignition. 点燃；power train 动力传动系统；carburetor 化油器；antifreeze 防冻的；coolant 冷却剂（液态）；crankshaft 曲轴2. Four-stage-engine OperationThe action taking place in the engine cylinder can be divided into four stages, or strokes. “Stroke” refers to piston movement; as stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting position to the other. The upper limit of piston movement is called TDC （top dead center）. The lower limit of piston movement is called BDC (bottom dead center). A stroke is piston movement from TDC to BDC or from BDC to TDC. In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it change its direction of motion.Where the entire cycle of events in the cylinder requires four strokes (or two crankshaft revolutions), the engine is called a four-stroke-cycle engine, or a four-cycle engine. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power, and exhaust.Intake stroke. On the intake stroke, the intake valve has opened, the piston is moving downward, and a mixture of air and vaporized gasoline is entering the cylinder through the valve port. The mixture of air and vaporized gasoline is delivered to the cylinder by the fuel system and carburetor.Compression stroke. After the piston reaches BDC, or the lower limit of its travel, it begins to move upward. As this happens, the intake valve closes. The exhaust valve is also closed, so that the cylinder is sealed. As the piston moves upward (pushed now by the revolving crankshaft and connecting rod), the air-fuel mixture is compressed. By the time the piston reaches TDC, the mixture has been compressed to as little as one-tenth of its original volume, or even less. This compression of the air-fuel mixture increases the pressure in the cylinder. When the air-fuel mixture is compressed, not only does the pressure in the cylinder go up, but the temperature of the mixture also increases.Power stroke. As the piston reaches TDC on the compression stroke, an electric spark is produced at the spark plug. The ignition system delivers a high-voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug to produce the spark. The spark ignites, or sets fire to, the air-fuel mixture. It now begins to burn very rapidly, and the cylinder pressure increases to as much as 3-5 MPa or even more. This terrific push against the piston forces it downward, and a power impulse is transmitted through the connecting rod to the crankpin on the crankshaft. The crankshaft is rotated as the piston is pushed down by the pressure above it.Exhaust stroke. As the piston reaches BDC again, the exhaust valve opens. Now, as the piston moves up on the exhaust stroke, it forces the burned gases out of thecylinder through the exhaust-valve port. Then, when the piston reaches TDC, the exhaust valve closes and the intake valve opens. Now, a fresh charge of air-fuel mixture will be drawn into the cylinder as the piston moves down again toward BDC. The above four strokes are continuously repeated.Words and Expressionsstroke 行程，冲程；BDC 上止点；TDC 下止点；surge 冲击，脉动；terrific 了不起的，绝妙的；crankpin 曲柄销，连杆轴颈；intake stroke 吸气冲程；compression stroke 压缩冲程；power stroke 做功冲程；exhaust stroke 排气冲程；fresh charge （发动机）吸入的新鲜混合油气3. Two-stage-engine OperationIn the four-stroke-cycle engine, already discussed in lesson 1、2, the complete cycle of events requires four piston strokes (intake, compression, power, and exhaust). In the two-stroke-cycle, or two-cycle, engine, the intake and compression strokes and power and exhaust strokes are in a sense combined. This permits the engine to produce a power stroke every two piston strokes, or every crankshaft rotation.In the two-cycle engine, the piston acts as a valve, clearing valve ports in the cylinder wall as it nears BDC.A fresh air-fuel charge enters through the intake port, and the burned gases exit through the exhaust port. The complete cycle of operation is as follows: As the piston nears TDC, ignition takes place. The high combustion pressures drive the piston down, and the thrust through the connecting rod turns the crankshaft. As the piston nears BDC，it passes the intake and exhaust ports in the cylinder wall. Burned gases, still under some pressure, begin to stream out through the exhaust port. At the same time, the intake port, now cleared by the piston, begins to deliver air-fuel mixture, under pressure, to the cylinder. The top of the piston is shaped to give the incoming mixture an upward movement. This helps to sweep the burned gases ahead and out through the exhaust port.After the piston has passed through BDC and stars up again, it passes both ports, thus sealing them off. Now the fresh air-fuel charge above the piston is compressed and ignited. The same series of events takes place again and continue as long as the engine runs.We mentioned that the air-fuel mixture is delivered to the cylinder under pressure. In most engines, this pressure is put on the mixture in the crankcase. The crankcase is sealed except for a leaf, or reed, valve at the bottom. The reed valve is a flexible, flat metal plate that rests snugly against the floor of the crankcase. There are holes under the reed valve that connect to the engine carburetor. When the piston is moving up, a partial vacuum is produced in the sealed crankcase. Atmospheric pressure lifts the reed valve off the holes, and air-fuel mixture enters the crankcase. After the piston passes TDC and starts down again, pressure begins to build up in the crankcase. This pressure closes the reed valve so that further downward movement of the piston compresses the tapped air-fuel mixture in the crankcase. The pressure which is built up on the air-fuel mixture then causes it to flow up through the intake port into the engine cylinder when the piston moves down far enough to clear the intake port.The two-stroke engine is not only very simple but gives nearly twice the powerof a four stroke engine from a cylinder of given size, but it is wasteful of gasoline, as some mixture inevitably finds its way into the exhaust system on the combines intake/exhaust stroke, and there are always some combustion products left in the cylinder which reduce the rapid burning of the fuel. This kind of engine is always used in motorcycles.Words and Expressionssweep 扫气；connecting rod 连杆；crankcase 曲轴箱；seal off 密封；leaf （reed）valve 片簧阀；air-fuel charge 可燃混合油气4. Diesel Engine Operating FeaturesWe all know that diesel engines, in principle, work in the same way as gasoline engines do. Both kinds of engines are internal-combustion engines, but each of them has its characteristic features. As their names suggest this type of engines burn their fuel inside the working parts of the engines. “Internal” means “inside”, “combustion”means “catching fire or burning”. In any internal combustion engine, burning fuel heats air which consequently expands, and in expanding exists a push to a piston which, in turn, rotates the engine crankshaft through a connecting rod.Now let us compare the diesel engine with the gasoline engine. Firstly, the explosive mixture of the gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor, but in the case of the diesel engine the supply is a ffected by an injection or “jerk” pump which forces a “short” of fuel into each cylinder in turn according to the correct firing sequence. Secondly, the fundamental difference between gasoline and diesel engines is that in the gasoline engine the source of the heat for igniting the charge, namely, an electric spark, is generated outside the engine, and is taken, as it were, into the waiting charge at the required instant. In the diesel engine the source of heat for igniting the charge is created within the engine by compressing pure air to a degree that will initiate combustion and then injecting the fuel at the right time in relation to the movement of the crankshaft. Both classes of engines are of very similar construction. But as the diesel engine is called upon to withstand very much greater stresses due to higher pressures in cylinders, it has to be of more substantial construction, and is thus heavier. In general, the diesel engine may weigh about 9.25 kilograms per kilowatt. The most important advantage of the gasoline engine is its lower weight per kilowatt. The gasoline engine for automobiles weighs about 6.17 kilograms per kilowatt, and gasoline engines for airplanes may weigh as little as 0.77 kilograms per kilowatt. This advantage prevents the diesel engine from replacing the gasoline engine in some automobiles and airplanes.However, the diesel engine is more efficient, because it has higher compression ration. Its ratio may be as high as 16 to 1. Up to 40 percent of the chemical energy of the burning fuel may be changed into mechanical energy. In addition, the diesel engine runs cooler than the gasoline engine. This advantage is especially obvious at lower speeds. Diesel oil is not only cheaper than gasoline, but also safer to store. Words and Expressions：diesel：柴油机；internal-combustion engines：内燃机；jerk pump：脉动史喷油泵；compression ration：压缩比5. Engine Cylinder Block CrankcaseWe have seen how the mixture of air and fuel is delivered by the fuel system to the engine cylinder, where it is compressed, ignited, and burned. We have noted that this combustion produces a high pressure that pushes the piston down so that the crankshaft is rotated. Now let us examine the various parts of the engine in detail.Engine cylinder blockThe cylinder block of liquid-cooled engines forms the basic framework of the engine. Other parts are attached to the cylinder block or are assembled in it. The block is cast in one piece from gray iron or iron alloyed with other metals, such as nickel or chromium. Some blocks are cast from aluminum. The block contains not only the cylinders but also the water jackets that surround them. In aluminum blocks, cast-iron or steel cylinder sleeves (also called bore lines) are used. These metals have better wearing qualities than aluminum and can better withstand the wearing effect of the pistons and ring moving up and down in the cylinders. For most engines, cast iron has been found to be a satisfactory cylinder-wall material. However, in some small engines, the cylinder walls are plated with chromium, a very hard metal, to reduce wall wear and lengthen their life.Cylinder HeadThe cylinder head is usually cast in one piece from iron, from iron alloyed with other metals, or from aluminum alloy. Aluminum has the advantage of combining lightness with high heat conductivity. That is, an aluminum head tends to turn cooler, other factors being equal. There are two types of head, L head and I head. Cylinder head contains water jackets for cooling; in the assembled engine, these water jackets are connected through openings to the cylinder-block water jackets. Spark-plug holes are provided, along with pockets into which the valves can move as they open.GasketsThe joint between the cylinder block and the head must be tight and able to withstand the pressure and heat developed in the combustion chambers. The block and head cannot be machined flat and smooth enough to provide an adequate seal. Thus, gaskets are used. Head gaskets are made of thin sheets of soft metal or asbestos and metal. All cylinder, water, valve, and head-bolt openings are cut out. When the gasket is placed on the block and the head installed, tightening of the head bolts (or nuts) squeezes the soft metal so that the joint is effectively sealed. Gaskets are also used to seal joints between other parts, such as between the oil pan, manifolds, orwater pump and the block.Oil PanThe oil pan is usually formed of pressed steel. It usually holds 5 to 10 litres of oil, depending on the engine design. The oil pan and the lower part of the cylinder block together are called the crankcase; they enclose, or encase, the crankshaft. The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus, there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine.Words and Expressionscylinder block 气缸体；block crankcase 曲轴箱；framework 结构，车架；gray iron 灰铸铁；water jacket 水套；plate……with 镀金属；cylinder head 气缸盖；gaskets 密封垫；asbestos 石棉；manifold 岐管；oil pan 油盘；pocket 凹槽；bore liner 气缸衬套6. Piston Connecting RodPistonThe piston is essentially a cylindrical plug that moves up and down in the engine cylinder. It is equipped with piston rings to provide a good seal between the cylinder wall and piston. The piston absorbs heat from the gas, and this heat must be carried away if the metal temperature is to be carried away if the metal temperature is to be held within safe limits. The constant reversal of the piston travel sets up inertial forces, which increase both with the weight of the piston and with its speed. For this reason, designers try to keep piston weight low, particularly in high-speed engines. As lower hood lines and over-square engines became popular, the semi-slipper and full-slipper pistons came into use. On these pistons the number piston rings was reduced to three, two compression and one oil-control. One reason for the slipper piston is that, on the short stroke, over-square engine, the piston skirt had to be cut away to make room for the counterweights on the crankshaft. Also, the slipper piston, being shorter and having part of its skirt cut away, is lighter. This reduces the inertial load on the engine bearings and, in addition, makes for a more responsive engine. The lighter the piston, the less the bearing load and the longer the bearings will last. Another way to lighten the piston is to make it of light metal. The idea piston material would be light and strong, conduct heat will, expand only slight when heated, resist wear, and be low in cost. Thus, most automotive-engine pistons today are made of aluminum, which is less than half as heavy as iron. Iron pistons were common in the earlier engines. Aluminum expands more rapidly than iron with increasing temperature, however, and since the cylinder block is of iron, special provisions must be made to maintain proper piston clearance at operating temperatures. To take care of it, the crown is machined on slight taper, the diameter being greatest where the crown meets the skirt and becoming less toward the top.Piston RingsA good seal must be maintained between the piston and cylinder wall to prevent blow-by. “Blow-by” is the name that describes the escape of burned gases from the combustion chamber, past the piston, and into the crankcase. In other words, these gases “blow by” the piston. It is not practical to fit the piston to the cylinder closely enough to prevent blow-by. Thus, piston rings must be used to provide the necessary seal. The rings are installed in grooves in the piston. Actually, there are two types of rings, compression rings and oil-control rings. The compression rings seal in theair-fuel mixture as it is compressed and also the combustion pressures as the mixture burns. The oil-control rings scrape off excessive oil from the cylinder wall and return it to the oil pan.The rings have joints (they are split) so that they can be expanded and slipped over the piston head and into the recessed grooves cut in the piston. Rings for automotive engines usually have butt joints, but in some heavy-duty engines, the joints may be angles, lapped, or of the sealed type.The rings are somewhat larger in diameter than they will be when in the cylinder. Then, when they are installed, they are compresses so that the joints are nearly closed. Compressing the rings gives them an initial tension; they press tightly against the cylinder wall.Connecting RodThe connecting rod is attached at one end to a crankpin on the crankshaft and at the other to a piston, through a piston pin or wrist pin. The connecting rod must be very strong and rigid and also as light as possible. The connecting rod carries the power thrusts from the piston to the crankpin. At the same time, the rod is in eccentric motion. To minimize vibration and bearing loads, the rod must be light in weight. To maintain good engine balance, connecting rods and caps are carefully matched in sets for engines. All rods in an engine must be of equal weight; if they are not, noticeable vibration may result. In original assembly, rods and caps are individually matched to each other and usually carry identifying numbers so they will not be mixed if the engine is disassembled for service. They must not be mixed during any service job, since this could result in poor bearing fit and bearing failure.Words and Expressionscounterweight 平衡重；groove 凹槽；recess 凹口；lap 搭接；eccentric 偏心的；lower hood lines 低发动机罩；over-square engine 短行程发动机；semi-slipper piston 半裙式活塞；full-slipper piston 全裙式活塞；match in set 配套；blow-by 漏气；initial tension 初张力；poor bearing fit 轴承不配套；bearing failing 轴承故障。
