人教版初二上册英语比较级
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八年级上册三单元比较级笔记八年级上册人教版英语三单元比较级笔记。
一、比较级的定义。
比较级用于两者之间的比较,表示“更……”的意思。
二、比较级的构成。
1. 规则变化。
- 一般情况。
- 在形容词或副词的原级后面直接加 -er。
- 例如:tall - taller;fast - faster。
- 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词。
- 只加 -r。
- 例如:nice - nicer;large - larger。
- 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的单词。
- 双写这个辅音字母,再加 -er。
- 例如:big - bigger;hot - hotter。
- 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的双音节词。
- 把y变为i,再加 -er。
- 例如:easy - easier;heavy - heavier。
- 部分双音节词和多音节词。
- 在原级前面加more。
- 例如:beautiful - more beautiful;interesting - more interesting。
2. 不规则变化。
- good/well - better.- bad/badly - worse.- many/much - more.- little - less.- far - farther(表示距离远)/further(表示程度深或进一步)三、比较级的用法。
1. 比较级 + than结构。
- 这是比较级最常见的用法,表示一方比另一方更……。
- 例如:My sister is taller than me.(我的姐姐比我高。
)- He runs faster than his brother.(他跑得比他弟弟快。
)2. 比较级and比较级,表示“越来越……”- 例如:It is getting colder and colder.(天气变得越来越冷了。
)- She is becoming more and more beautiful.(她变得越来越漂亮了。
八上英语第六单元形容词、副词比较级经典材料初中英语中的比较用法一、形容词、副词比的较级:1、一般:加er、如:calmer、stronger、longer等2、以e结尾的为了避免重复e;就直接加r;如nicer、finer3、以辅音字母A 到Z 除掉A; E; I O; U; 一共21 个加y结尾的;把y改成i+er;如heavier、4、以重读闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅字组r w y 除外且以辅字组big;top;stop结尾的;双写末尾辅音字母再加er;如bigger、thinner等5、多音节和部分双音节的形容词、副词的比较级:前面加more;如:more interesting等6、规则变化good/well---better;bad/ill---worse;much/many---more;little--less;far--farther/further 用法拓展:一、Even甚至、a little、a bit :略微;一点;much、a lot 、far等程度词+比较级如:much stronger中much+stronger比较级;a little taller 比较级a lot more fun :fun的比较级为more fun 所以a lot +比较级二、比较级的用法用than引出比较的对象如he is more interested in PE than Chinese 中than 引出比较对象Chinese 语文注意:有了than比就要跟比较的对象;且比较的对象之间要相一致如:He has more books than Jim 对he 和Jim 是一致的:人与人比较;His books are more than Jim 错因为His books 与Jim 不一致;故要改成Jim's books/Jim's三:than引导比较时;有重复的成分;可以省略;不省略时用助动词代词如:He has more books than Jim does这个does就是指代has;因为重复出现;故省略;不省略时;应该用doesHe is more ethletic than Jim is也是同理四:than 后面可以加代词的宾格、也可以加代词的主格He has more books than her宾格He has more books than shedoes主格五、无需引出比较对象时;就不用than;反之..有了than;就要有比较的对象比较级的特别用法:1、more and more;越来越........more指代形容词或副词的比较级;下同2、the more;the more :越......越........3、less 、more都可跟部分双音节或多音节形容词或者副词构成比较级;两者意刚好义相反4、the more of the two :两者中更......的一个;如the taller of the twin brothers 双胞胎兄弟中更高的一个比较级易错题:Who is good at PE;Tom or Jim good改成better看到or想到比较级She is a little outgoing than me outgoing 改成more outgoingThis box is much heavy ..Heavy 改成heavierJohn's homework is much more than Jim ..Jim 改成Jim's看到a little、a lot、much、even、far想到比较级He has much more homework than I do对He has much more homework than me对He has much more homework than me do错than后可跟主格;省略助动词;如例句1中的do;也可以跟宾格;但是后面没有助动词I have few books than you ..Few 改成fewerHe does much work than me..Much改成more看到than;就用比较级My hair is longer than her ..Her改成hers=her hair比较的对象要一致;my hair 不能跟she 比较注意:very、too 、quite、so、as....as只跟形容词、副词的原级;不跟比较级..二、as ....as的形容词或者副词的原级比较;第一个as是副词;第二个as是连词;如:1、He is as tall as Jim is2、He is as good at PE as anyone elseis任何一个其它人3、He has much money as she does否定形式:not as ......as 或者not so ......As......或者never/seldom/hardly so/ as ....As如He is not so/as tall as Jim isHe doesn't have so/as much money as she doesHe never runs so/ as fast as Jim does三、倍数的比较;经典例子:half an hou r;half倍数词为:半倍;an hour:名词即:倍数词+名词:构成倍数的比较;常见的倍数词用time可数;two times =double:双倍、两倍;half:半倍;一半表示大小、尺寸的名词:size、width宽度、length长度、height高度;weight重量This room is three times the size of that one ..这个房间的大小是那个房间的三倍..The book is double=two timesthe weight of that one ..这书的重量是那本书的两倍..拓展一、倍数词+as....as结构This room is three times the size of that one ..这个房间的大小是那个房间的三倍..=This room is three times as big as than that one..这个房间的大小是那个房间的三倍大.. The book is double=two timesthe weight of that one ..这书的重量是那本书的两倍..=The book is double=two timesas heavy as that one ..这书的重量是那本书的两倍重..拓展二、倍数词+比较级This room is three times the size of that one ..这个房间的大小是那个房间的三倍..=This room is three times bigger than that one ..这个房间比是那个房间大两倍..The book is double=two timesthe weight of that one ..这书的重量是那本书的两倍..=The book is one time heavier than that one ..这本书比那本书重一倍。
形容词副词的比较级一、定义:大多数的adj./adv.有三种形式:原级,比较级和最高级比较级:用于两个同类人或事物进行比较。
在此我把它分为六点进行讲解。
二、回顾adj./adv.的比较级在原级形式的基础上变化原级比较级tall (高的) taller(更高的)nice(友好的)nicer(更好的)thin(瘦的)thinner (更瘦的)early(早) earlier(更早)outgoing(外向的)more outgoing(更外向)不规则的:good/well-betterbad/badly-worsemany/much-morelittle-lessfar-farther/further三、呈现一)低级:两者进行比较,表示“前者不如后者”1. A +谓语v.+less+adj./adv.原级+than Beg: A is less hard-working than B.A speaks less loudly than B.2. not+as/so +adj./adv.原级+aseg: A is not as clever as B.A doesn't sing as well as B.二)同级:两者进行比较,表示“前者与后者一样……”as +adj.原级+ asJack is as funny as Mike.Claire gets up as early as Sue.三)高级:两者进行比较,表示“前者比后者更……”形容词比较级+ thanI’m more outgoing than you.Tom jumps higher than Jack.四)超级:两者进行比较,强调比较的程度。
1. much/a lot+adj./adv.比较级(+than...)“......得多”eg: A is much quieter (than B).A walked into the room a lot more quietly (than before).2. a bit/a little+adj./adv.比较级(+than...)“......一点儿”eg: I think I'm a little friendlier than my sister.We can buy clothes a bit more cheaply in this shop.3. even+adj./adv.比较级(+than...)“甚至......”eg: Mark is really good at tennis.And his brother Jerry is even better at tennis.even worse ,even more serious五)不断升级:某人或事物越来越......1. adj./adv.比较级+and+adj./adv.比较级(better and better)eg: We exercise every day. So we are healthier and healthier.2. 多音节形容词用“more and more +多音节adj./adv.原级”的形式(more and more beautiful).eg: Talent shows are getting more and more popular.六)“因你而升”条件从句的主语越......,主句的主语越......the+adj./adv.比较级(+主语+谓语+其它),the +adj./adv.比较级(+主语+谓语+其它)“越......,越......”eg: 1. Money, the more , the better.2.The stronger our country is, the happier our life will be.四、应用1.Gao Yuanyuan is as ________ (漂亮) as Sun Li.2.Sun Li works as _____ (努力) as Gao Yuanyuan.3.Zhang Lili has ________ hair ________ Liu Yang.= Zhang Lili’s hair is ________ than ________ .4.Work harder, and our country will be ________(越来越强大)!五、总结形容词比较级的六个用法:一)低级:两者进行比较,表示“前者不如后者”1.less+adj./adv.原级+than2.not+as/so +adj./adv.原级+as二)同级:两者进行比较,表示“前者与后者一样……”as +adj./adv.原级+as三)高级:两者进行比较,表示“前者比后者更……”adj./adv.比较级+than四)超级:两者进行比较,强调比较的程度。
【教师寄语:请你相信,态度决定高度!】比较级【基础知识】一、比较级的意义:两个人或物之间的比较。
表示“较……”或“更……一些”。
标志词:than (比)其基本结构:A + be 动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + BHe is younger than me.他比我年轻。
The cup is smaller than the desk.这个杯子比桌子小。
My sister is elder than me.我姐姐比我大。
二、形容词的比较级怎么构成?⒈ 直接加er 。
如:dark→darker;tall→taller; small→smaller【即时训练】 strong_______ small _________ light________2. 以e 结尾的形容词在词尾直接加-r 构成。
如:nice→nicer【即时训练】 late_________3. 重读闭音节双写末位字母再加er 。
如:fat→fat ter【即时训练】thin_________run_________4. 多音节形容词,在其前加more 构成。
如: interesting→more interesting;【即时训练】important→more important 。
5.以辅音字母加y 结尾的,把y 变i ,加er 。
early →earlier【即时训练】 heavy_________ easy ________6.少数形容词的比较级是不规则的。
三、重难点、考点。
1、形容词/副词比较级前的修饰语.(1)much/a little / a bit/ a lot / slightly.原形 比较级 最高级good/well better bestbad/ill worse Worstmany/much more Mostlittle less Leastfar farther further farthestfurthestold older elder oldesteldestShe is much taller than me.I am a little shorter than my mother.(2) 具体数量.My sister is ten years younger than me.(3) any/ no/ even/ some/ stillDo you feel any better today?She is no older than mike.2、定冠词或指示形容词+比较级+名词表示比较。
形容词/副词比较级与最高级一、一般情况下(单音节以及部分双音节)加er或est small→smaller→smallest tall→taller→tallesthard→harder→hardest fast→faster→fastest cold→colder→coldest warm→warmer→warmest clear→clearer→clearest quick→quicker→quickest sad→sad er→sadest loud→louder→loudest strong→stronger→strongest short→shorter→shortest great→greater→greatest few→fewer→fewest clever→cleverer→cleverest quiet→quieter→quietest 二、以不发音的字母e结尾(单音节)加r或st large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicestsafe→safer→safest fine→finer→finest late→later→latest wide→wider→widest simple→simpler→simplest strange→stranger→strangest 三、一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾,双写辅音加er或est fat→fatter→fattest thin→thinner→thinnest slim→slimmer→slimmest wet→wetter→wettest big→bigger→biggest red→redder→reddest hot→hotter→hottestfit→fitter→fittest 四、辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i加er或est easy→easier→easiest angry→angrier→angriest busy→busier→busiest heavy→heavier→heaviest hungry→hungrier→hungriest crazy→crazier→craziest happy→happier→happiest early→earlier→earliest dirty→dirtier→dirtiest lucky→luckier→luckiestshy→shier→shiest funny→funnier→funniest lovely→lovelier→loveliest friendly→friendlier→friendliest 五、双音节以及多音节词前加more或most outgoing→more outgoing→most outgoing beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuldifferent→more different→most differentquietly→more quietly→most quietly loudly→more loudly→most loudly slowly→more slowly→mo st slowly quickly→more quickly→mo st quickly sadly→more sadly→mo st sadly happily→more happily→mo st happily carefully→more carefully→mo st carefully serious→more serious→most serious →mo st similar similar→more similar→moeasily easily→more easily→most e asily clearly→more clearly→mo st clearly bored→more bored→mo st bored talented→more talented→mo st talented boring→more boring→mo st boring →mo st popular popular→more popular→moterrible→more terrible→mo st terrible delicious→more delicious→mo st delicious →mo st different different→more different→mo→mo st difficult difficult→more difficult→mo→mo st beautiful beautiful→more beautiful→moexpensive→more expensive→mo st expensive necessary→more necessary→mo st necessary →mo st important important→more important→mo→mo st wonderful wonderful→more wonderful→mocomfortable→more comfortable→mo st comfortable hardworking→more hardworking→mo st hardworking 不规则adj、adv比较级、最高级good/well→better→best bad/badly/ill→worse→worst many/much→more→most few/little→less→least old→older/elder→oldest/eldest far→farther/further→farthest/furthest 无比较级的adj/adv fantastic excellent favorite true(ly) false right wrong full empty round square possible impossible 。
初二人教版英语上册知识点八年级上册英语知识点同学们总结过吗?如果没有,请来小编这里看看。
下面小编为大家带来初二人教版英语上册知识点,欢迎大家参考阅读,希望大家喜欢!一.形容词/副词的比较级和最高级1.形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则(1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。
①单音节单词small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortesttall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest②少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节单词clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest(2)以不发音 e 结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st。
large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。
big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把 y 改为 i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。
easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happiest(5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。
beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuldifferent→more different→most differenteasily→more easily→most easily(6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。
八上英语第六单元
(形容词、副词比较级经典材料)
初中英语中的比较用法
一、形容词、副词比的较级:
1、一般:加er、如:calmer、stronger、longer等
2、以e结尾的为了避免重复e,就直接加r,如 nicer、finer
3、以辅音字母(A 到 Z 除掉 A, E, I O, U, 一共 21 个)加y结尾的,把y改成i+er,如heavier、
4、以重读闭音节(单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组big,top,stop)结尾的,双写末尾辅音字母再加er,如bigger、thinner等
5、多音节和部分双音节的形容词、副词的比较级:前面加more,如:more interesting 等
6、规则变化good/well---better;bad/ill---worse;much/many---more;little--less;far--farther/f urther
用法拓展:
一、Even(甚至)、a little、a bit :略微,一点,much、a lot 、far等程度词+比较级
如:much stronger中much+stronger(比较级);a little taller (比较级)
a lot more fun :fun的比较级为 more fun 所以 a lot +比较级
二、比较级的用法用than引出比较的对象
如 he is more interested in PE than Chinese 中than 引出比较对象Chinese (语文)注意:有了than(比)就要跟比较的对象,且比较的对象之间要相一致
如: He has more books than Jim (对) he 和Jim 是一致的:人与人比较,
His books are more than Jim (错)因为 His books 与Jim 不一致,故要改成Jim's
books/Jim's
三:than引导比较时,有重复的成分,可以省略,不省略时用助动词代词
如: He has more books than Jim (does)这个does就是指代has,
因为重复出现,故省略,不省略时,应该用does
He is more ethletic than Jim (is)也是同理
四:than 后面可以加代词的宾格、也可以加代词的主格
He has more books than her(宾格)
He has more books than she(does)主格
五、无需引出比较对象时,就不用than,反之。
有了than,就要有比较的对象
比较级的特别用法:
1、more and more,越来越。
(more指代形容词或副词的比较级,下同)
2、the more,the more :越。
越。
3、less 、more都可跟部分双音节或多音节形容词或者副词构成比较级,两者意刚好义相反
4、the more of the two :两者中更。
的一个,
如 the taller of the twin brothers 双胞胎兄弟中更高的一个
比较级易错题:
Who is good at PE,Tom or Jim good改成better(看到or想到比较级)
She is a little outgoing than me outgoing 改成more outgoing
This box is much heavy 。
Heavy 改成heavier
John's homework is much more than Jim 。
Jim 改成Jim's
(看到 a little、a lot、much、even、far想到比较级)
He has much more homework than I (do)对
He has much more homework than me(对)
He has much more homework than me do错
(than后可跟主格,省略助动词,如例句1中的do;也可以跟宾格,但是后面没有助动词)I have few books than you 。
Few 改成fewer
He does much work than me。
Much改成more
(看到than,就用比较级)
My hair is longer than her 。
Her改成hers=her hair
(比较的对象要一致,my hair 不能跟she 比较)
注意:very、too 、quite、so、as。
as只跟形容词、副词的原级,不跟比较级。
二、as ....as的形容词或者副词的原级比较,第一个as是副词,第二个as是连词,如:
1、He is as tall as Jim (is)
2、He is as good at PE as anyone else(is)(任何一个其它人)
3、He has much money as she ( does)
否定形式:not as 。
as 或者not so 。
As。
或者never/seldom/hardly so/ as 。
As
如 He is not so/as tall as Jim (is)
He doesn't have so/as much money as she ( does)
He never runs so/ as fast as Jim does
三、倍数的比较,经典例子:half an hou r,half(倍数词) 为:半倍,an hour:名词即:倍数词+名词:构成倍数的比较,
常见的倍数词用time(可数);two times =double:双倍、两倍;half:半倍,一半
表示大小、尺寸的名词:size、width(宽度)、length(长度)、height(高度),weight (重量)
This room is three times the size of that one 。
这个房间的大小是那个房间的三倍。
The book is double(=two times)the weight of that one 。
这书的重量是那本书的两倍。
拓展一、倍数词+as....as结构
This room is three times the size of that one 。
这个房间的大小是那个房间的三倍。
=This room is three times as big as than that one。
这个房间的大小是那个房间的
三倍大。
The book is double(=two times)the weight of that one 。
这书的重量是那本书的两倍。
=The book is double(=two times)as heavy as that one 。
这书的重量是那本书的两倍重。
拓展二、倍数词+比较级
This room is three times the size of that one 。
这个房间的大小是那个房间的三倍。
=This room is three times bigger than that one。
这个房间比是那个房间大两倍。
The book is double(=two times)the weight of that one 。
这书的重量是那本书的两倍。
=The book is one time heavier than that one 。
这本书比那本书重一倍。