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英国⽂学史paraphrase解释Hamlet哈姆雷特HAMLETTo be, or not to be: that is the question:Should I live on or should I kill myself? That is a question.Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer 65Whether it is determined to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,The fatal attacks of cruel destiny,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,Or to fight against numerous troubles.And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep;No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks 70And make them end by defiance. To die is no more than to sleep; and we no longer suffer from the aching of heart and many natural attacks the body is suffering.That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;It is a result we eagerly wish. To die is to sleep.To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;We may dream when sleeping. Ah, this is the dilemma.For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeBecause when we died what dreams may we have?When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, 75When we have got rid of the turmoil of mortality,Must give us pause8: there’s the respectThe sleeping-like death must bring about our hesitation. There exists the consideration That makes calamity of so long life; That makes the disorder/disaster long live.For who would bear the whips and scorns of time11,For who have to endure the punishment and insult in this world,The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely12,The oppressor’s evil and the proud man’s scornful insolence,The pangs of dispised love, the law's delay, 80The pain of rejected love and the justice of law coming late.The insolence of office and the spurns13That patient merit of the unworthy takes14,The insolence of the power and the contemptuous rejections, which the people of praiseworthy take of the unworthy.When he himself might his quietus make15With a bare bodkin16? who would fardels17 bear,To grunt18 and sweat under a weary life, 85If he himself might make an end of his life/might free himself from all troubles of life with a mere dagger? Who would shoulder the burdens to groan and sweat in a boring and tiring life?But that the dread of something after death,If not for the fear of the things after death,The undiscover'd country19 from whose bourn20,No traveller returns, puzzles the will21The unknown place where we go after death, no traveler returns from the boundary of which after death, confuses the will, And makes us rather bear those ills we haveMakes us prefer to stand the evilThan fly to others that we know not of? 90Than to fly to other places we don’t know?Thus conscience1 does make cowards of us all; 2Thus the consciousness makes all of us dastardsAnd thus the native hue of resolution3And the natural color of determination,Is sicklied o'er4 with the pale cast of thought5,Is made sick with the pale look of thought,And enterprises of great pith and moment6And the plans of great height and importance,With this regard their currents turn awry7, 95Because their direction turn aside, 96And lose the name of action8.--Soft you now!9And lose the honor that derives from action,--- Restrain yourself!The fair Ophelia! Nymph10, in thy orisons11The beautiful Ophelia! My gods, in your prayers,Be all my sins remember'd.Please remember all my sins.。
Why does Hamlet choose not to kill his uncle when he ispraying?姓名：班级：学号：专业：AbstractHamlet is the greatest tragedy play of William Shakespeare，the master Hamlet is a typically tragic hero .Hamlet is centered on the hesitation and the options of the heroic Hamlet’s action.The purpose of the paper is to give an analysis of the essential reason why does Hamlet choose not to kill his uncle when he is praying .It focuses on the analysis of the character of Hamlet and the thought under the background of the ear of feudal social.Key wordsHamlet; revenge; reasons; character; thought;IntroductionHamlet is the prince of Denmark. He is ought to enjoy a high social position and disrespected by his people. However, he is called back from England by his farther’s sudden death .To his surprise ,his mother has married with uncle so quickly ,which is only two months after his farther’s death. He is so miserable and feel so despaired for the life.Many researches have explored the reasons of Hamlet's delay, but there are few papers studying the reasons why does Hamlet delay in revenging for his father's death when his uncle is praying. It is a good chance .During the process of analysis, Hamlet's character is discussed—his hesitation in action and his options. And the background of social. The purpose of this paper is to find out the deep reason why does Hamlet choose not to kill his uncle when he is praying.ChapterⅠHamlet’s characterHamlet is brave, honest, alone and extreme intelligent, but he is also indecisive and hesitant. He knows that it is his duty to obey the command of his father's ghost and he is alone to seek revenge for his father. He performance bravely when he frist faces the ghost, and we can know his intelligent from the dialogues. However, he is so indecisive when he has a good chance to revenge. He thinks about too much during his uncle is praying so that he wastes a opportunity. Hamlet is pure and optimisticbefore the accident happens. He should have lived without sorrow and anxiety. He has to face many difficulties himself alone now, for there is no one he can trust, not even his family.The character leads to his hesitation in action and his options directly. Because of his doubt and fear of things, it increases his hesitation to make decisions and the difficulty to deal with these options. He is a very sensitive and has a very moral nature. The character(hesitation, honest,moral and so on）become the main reason why does he choose not to kill his uncle when he is praying.ChapterⅡThe thought under the background of social Considering the background of the Denmark in the works. It still is a period of conservation thinking in both the political and social. Ophelia loves Hamlet and Hamlet loves Ophelia too, but she obeys his farther’s arrangement not to meet with Hamlet absolutely, despite they love each other. So the thought is old. When Hamlet’s uncle is praying, he says that he will not kill him now, otherwise he should send him to heaven. It is not a revenge, but a repay. The feudal social leads a conservative thought, so Hamlet choose not to kill his uncle. Remember: revenge can get out of everything.ConclusionIn addition, This paper has given a deep reason why does Hamlet choose not to kill his uncle when he is praying. It is more concerned with the human nature and moral questions. He thinks too much, which has a great effect on his action. The character and the conservative thought become the main reason in his revenge.References[1] Richard Corum.Understanding Hamlet[M].中国人民大学出版社,2008.[2] 郭群英.英国文学新编[M].外语教学与研究出版社,2012,7:[3] 索金梅.英国文学史[M].南开大学出版社,2009,3:58-68.[4] 游斯妹.哈姆雷特性格延宕浅谈[M].衡水学院学报,2007, 9[5] 段庆艳.论哈姆莱特复仇的延宕[J].语文学刊:外语教育与教学,2011(7).[6] 许鸿起.试论哈姆雷特"延宕"的根源[J].天津成人高等学校联合学报, 2002,4(1).。
