(完整版)化学专业词汇

化学工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
1. 介绍
本文档整理了一些化学工程专业常用的英语词汇，旨在帮助学生更好地理解和应用相关词汇。

2. 词汇列表
- Chemical Engineering: 化学工程
- Reactor: 反应器
- Heat Exchanger: 热交换器
- Distillation: 蒸馏
- Extraction: 提取
- Polymerization: 聚合
- Crystallization: 结晶
- Filtration: 过滤
- Evaporation: 蒸发
- Drying: 干燥
- Mass Transfer: 质量传递
- Fluid Mechanics: 流体力学
- Thermodynamics: 热力学
- Reaction Kinetics: 反应动力学
- Process Control: 过程控制
- Chemical Plant: 化工厂
- Safety Regulations: 安全法规
- Waste Management: 废物管理
- Environmental Impact: 环境影响
- Sustainable Development: 可持续发展
- Renewable Energy: 可再生能源
以上是一些化学工程专业常用的英语词汇，希望对学生们的研究和研究有所帮助。

3. 结束语
本文档提供了一个简单的化学工程专业英语词汇列表，供学生们参考和学习使用。

通过掌握这些词汇，学生们将能够更好地理解和应用化学工程相关的知识。

希望本文档对学生们有所帮助，祝大家学业进步！。

●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1●氨 ammonia氨基酸 amino acid铵盐 ammonium salt饱和链烃 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯 benzene变性 denaturation不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料 superconductive material臭氧 ozone醇 alcohol次氯酸钾 potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠 sodium acetate蛋白质 protein氮族元素 nitrogen group element碘化钾 potassium iodide碘化钠 sodium iodide电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionization equilibrium电子云 electron cloud淀粉 starch淀粉碘化钾试纸 starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅 silicon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide二氧化锰 manganese dioxide芳香烃 arene放热反应 exothermic reaction非极性分子 non-polar molecule非极性键 non-polar bond肥皂 soap分馏 fractional distillation酚 phenol复合材料 composite干电池 dry cell干馏 dry distillation甘油 glycerol高分子化合物 polymer共价键 covalent bond官能团 functional group光化学烟雾 photochemical fog过氧化氢 hydrogen peroxide合成材料 synthetic material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合成橡胶 synthetic rubber核电荷数 nuclear charge number核素 nuclide化学电源 chemical power source化学反应速率 chemical reaction rate 化学键 chemical bond化学平衡 chemical equilibrium还原剂 reducing agent磺化反应 sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子 polar molecule极性键 polar bond加成反应 addition reaction加聚反应 addition polymerization甲烷 methane碱金属 alkali metal碱石灰 soda lime结构式 structural formula聚合反应 po1ymerization可逆反应 reversible reaction空气污染指数 air pollution index勒夏特列原理 Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应 ionic reaction离子方程式 ionic equation离子键 ionic bond锂电池 lithium cell两性氢氧化物 amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物 amphoteric oxide裂化 cracking裂解 pyrolysis硫氰化钾 potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠 sodium sulphide氯化铵 ammonium chloride氯化钡 barium chloride氯化钾 potassium chloride氯化铝 aluminium chloride氯化镁 magnesium chloride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化铁 iron (III) chloride氯水 chlorine water麦芽糖 maltose煤 coal酶 enzyme摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass品红 magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖 glucose气体摩尔体积 molar volume of gas铅蓄电池 lead storage battery强电解质 strong electrolyte氢氟酸 hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝 aluminium hydroxide取代反应 substitution reaction醛 aldehyde炔烃 alkyne燃料电池 fuel cell弱电解质 weak electrolyte石油 Petroleum水解反应 hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳 carbon tetrachloride塑料 plastic塑料的降解 plastic degradation塑料的老化 plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定 acid-base neutralization titration酸雨 acid rain羧酸 carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B 烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银 silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水 bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析 salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂 oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇 ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸 ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯 ethylene银镜反应 silver mirror reaction硬脂酸 stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期 period族 group（主族：main group）Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 镧Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level零水准218. buffer solution缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelate compound 螯合物234. metal indicator 金属指示剂235. chelating agent 螯合剂236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子239. catalysis 催化240. oxidation氧化241. catalyst 催化剂242. reduction 还原243. catalytic reaction 催化反应244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势246. activation energy 反应的活化能247. redox couple 氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾249. iodimetry碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量（OC）254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD)255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO)256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance 透光率269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell吸收池276. detector 检测系统277. bathochromic shift 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。

专业英语词汇Unit 1TEXT A ： Chemical Reactions and Group Reactionscustomary a. 通常的，惯例的handle n.柄vt.触摸handling n.处理，管理derive vt.取得，得到，衍生oxidate vt.使氧化oxidation n.satisfactory a.令人满意的，符合要求的rapid a.快的，迅速的，动作快的combustion n.燃烧somewhat pron. ad. 一点点，几分，有点effort n.努力commercial a.商业的，商务的undesirable a不.合需要的，不受欢迎的，讨厌的retard vt.延迟，放慢，使停滞transformer n.变压器transform vt.改变，转变automotive a.自动的，机动的，汽车的cracked裂化的sluge n.软泥，淤泥stiff a.硬的，强烈的extent 广度，程度distillation n.蒸馏distill vt.vi.unrefined a.未精致，未提炼的acidity n.酸味，酸性acidify vt. Vi.Involve vt. 包缠，卷缠Fell=followingIndividual a.个人的，个体的Presumable a可.假定的，可推测的Destruction n.破坏，毁灭Overall n。

a.全面的，综合的Exceed 超过，胜过Isolate vt.隔离，孤立，使离析iso—构词成分“均匀”“异构”“苯”Analyse vt. 分析，分解Carbonyl 羰基Carboxyl羧基Hydroxyl羟基Decomposition分解Alkyl烷基，烃基Ketone 酮Aldehyde n.醛Yield vt. 出产，产出Explosive a. 爆炸Vapor n.蒸汽， vi.蒸发Propagation 繁殖，增殖；传播Dehydrate vt.使脱水Acet 构词成分Acetaldehyde乙醛Resin n.树脂Resinous a.树脂的Carboxylic a.羟基的Substantial a.物质的，实质的Susceptible a易.受感动的，敏感的Analogous a.类似的，相似的（ to）Response n.作答，回答，响应，反应Readily ad.乐意地，很快地Readiness n准.备就绪，愿意Extent n.广度长度Steric 空间的，位的Likewise ad.同样的，照样地；也，又Suffer vt.遭受，经历Progressive a进.步的，长进的，渐次的Adjacent a.邻近的，紧挨着的Terminal a.末端的，终点的MethyleneBromide n.溴化物Substitute n.代替物（人），代用品substitution n.代替，替换Remote a相.隔较远的Acetone n.丙酮Ether n.醚，乙醚Correspond vi.符合，一致；相当，相应Reservation n保.留，预定Tend vi.走向，趋向。

普通化学术语中英文对照表原子?atom?adj.atomic?原子核?nucleus?质子?proton?中子?neutron?电子?electron(abbr.?e)?离子?ion?[?a??n]?阳离子?cation?阴离子?anion?分子?molecular?[m??lekj?l?]?单质?element?化合物?compound?纯净物?pure?substance/chemical?substance?混合物?mixture?相对原子质量?relative?atomic?mass(abbr.?Ar)?相对分子质量?relative?molecular?mass(abbr.?Mr)?化学式量?relative?formula?mass物质的量?amount?of?substance?阿伏加德罗常数?Avogadro?constant(abbr.?NA)?摩尔?mole?摩尔质量?molar?mass?实验式/最简式/经验式?empirical?formula? 气体摩尔体积?molar?volume?阿伏加德罗定律?Avogadro’s?Law?溶液?solution?溶解?dissolve?浓度?concentration?质量/体积分数?mass/volume?concentration?浓缩?concentrate?稀释?dilute?蒸馏?distillation?萃取?extraction?化学反应方程式?chemical?equation?反应物??reactant?生成物?product?固体?solid?液体?liquid气体?gaseous? 溶液?aqueous配平?balance化学计量学?stoichiometry酸?acid??碱?base/alkali?(refers?to?soluble?bases)? 盐?salt?酸式盐?acid?salt?离子方程式?ionic?equation?结晶水?water?of?crystallisation?水合的?hydrated?无水的?anhydrous?滴定?titration?指示剂?indicator?氧化数?oxidation?number?氧化还原反应?redox?reaction?氧化反应?oxidation?reaction?还原反应?reduction?reaction?歧化反应?disproportionation?reaction?归中反应?comproportionation(symproportionation) ?reaction?氧化剂?oxidising?agent??还原剂?reducing?agent?电子层(壳)?(electron)?shell?电离能?ionisation?energy(abbr.?I.E.)??第一，第二，第三等电离能?first,second,third,etc.?ionisation?energy(abb r.?1st,2nd,3rd,etc.?I.E.)??电子亲和能?electron?affinity?energy(abbr.?A.E.)?屏蔽效应?electronic?shielding(screening)? 原子轨道?atomic?orbital?电子云?electron?cloud?电子亚层?sub-shell?能层?layer?能级?energy?level?电子排布?electron?configuration?电子云重叠?shell?overlap?洪特规则?Hund’s?rule?泡利原理?Pauli?exclusion?principle?基态?ground?state?激发态?excited?state跃迁?transition?手性?chirality?[kai?-]?化学键?chemical?bond?键长?bond?length?键级?bond?order??键角?bond?angle?键能?bond?enthalpies??离子键?ionic?bond供体?donor?受体?acceptor?静电吸引?electrostatic?attraction?巨型离子结构?giant?ionic?structure?共价键?covalent[k??'ve?l?nt]?bond?巨型共价结构?giant?covalent?structure?共用电子对?shared?pair/bonding?pair?孤对电子?lone?pair/non-bonding?pair?σ键?σ-bond?π键?π-bond?非极性共价键?non-polar?bond?配位键?dipolar?bond/dative?covalent?bond/coordina te?bond?电负性?electronegativity?极性?polarity?偶极子?dipole?分子间作用力?intermolecular?forces??氢键?hydrogen?bond?范德华力?van?der?Waal’s?force?色散力?dispersion?force?诱导力?induction?force?取向力?orientation?force/dipole-dipole?force?金属键?metallic?bond??离域?delocalisation?[di:,l?uk?lai'zei?n]?延展性?malleability??[,m?l??'b?l?ti]可锻性?ductility?[d?k't?l?t?]导电性?electrical?conductivity?合金?alloy?元素周期表?the?Periodic?Table??周期?period??族?group??原子序数?proton?number?同位素?isotope[?a?s?t??p]?核素?nuclide??['nju?kla?d] 同量异位素?isobar['a?s?(?)bɑ?]?金属?metal?非金属?nonmetal?碱金属?alkali?metal?碱土金属?alkaline?earth?metal?卤素?halogen?稀有气体?noble?gas?元素周期律?periodic?trends?活泼?active?稳定?noble?分解反应?decomposition?reaction?化合反应?combination(synthesis)?reaction? 取代反应?displacement?reaction?复分解反应?salt?metathesis[m??t?θ?sis]?reaction/double ?replacement(displacement)?reaction?沉淀?precipitation?[pr?,s?p?'te??(?)n]官能团?functional?group?碳氢化合物/烃?hydrocarbon?饱和烃?saturated?hydrocarbon?不饱和烃?unsaturated?hydrocarbon?脂肪烃?aliphatic[,?l?'f?t?k]?hydrocarbon脂环烃?alicyclic?['sa?kl?k; ]hrdrocarbon?同系物?homologous[h?'m?l?g?s]series?异构现象?isomerism?['ais?m?riz?m]??同分异构体?isomeride?[ai's?m?raid]?同素异形体?allotropy/allotropism?分子式?molecular?formula?通式?general?formula?结构式?displayed?formula?结构简式?structural?formula?键线式?skeletal?formula?均裂?homolytic?fission?异裂?heterolytic?fission?亲核试剂?nucleophile?['njukli?fail]?亲电子试剂?electrophile?加成反应?addition?reaction?加水加成?hydration?reaction?加成聚合反应?addition?polymerisation?聚合物?polymer?单体?monomer?链节?repeat?unit?缩合聚合反应?condensation?reaction缩聚物?condensation?polymer?取代反应?substitution?reaction?脱水?dehydration?水解?hydrolysis?卤代反应?halogenation?reaction?酯化反应?esterification?reaction?亲核取代?nucleophilic?substitution??消去反应?elimination?reaction?裂化反应?cracking?(reaction)?石油分馏?fractional?distillation?燃烧?combustion发酵?fermentation?氟氯烃?chlorofluorocarbons?产率?percentage?yield?原子利用率?atom?economy?红外光谱学?infrared?spectroscopy?质谱分析?mass?spectroscopy?光谱?spectrum?挥发性?volatility?冷凝回流?reflux?反应机理?reaction?mechanism?能量守恒定律?law?of?conservation?of?energy?热力学?thermodynamic?[θ?:m?udai?-]? 焓?enthalpy(abbr.?H)?[en'θ?lpi]?焓变?enthalpy?change(abbr.?ΔH)?标准焓?standard?enthalpy?change(abbr.?ΔH?)? 标准反应焓?standard?enthalpy?change(abbr.?ΔHr?)?燃烧热?heat?of?combustion?标准燃烧焓?standard?enthalpy?change?of?combustion(a bbr.?ΔHc?)?标准生成焓?standard?enthalpy?change?of?formation(abb r.?ΔHf?)?放热反应?exothermic[eks?u?-]?reaction?吸热反应?endothermic?reaction?热化学方程式?thermochemical[θ?:m?u?-]?equation?活化能?activation?energy(abbe.?Ea)?比热容?specific?heat?capacity????键焓?bond?enthalpy?平均键焓?average?bond?enthalpy? 盖斯定律?Hess’?law??有效碰撞理论?collision?theory?反应速率?rate?of?reaction/reaction?rate反应动力学?reaction?kinetics?催化剂?catalyst?催化作用?catalysis?酶?enzyme['enzaim]?波尔兹曼分布律?the?Boltzmann?distribution?化学平衡?(chemical)?equilibrium[i:kwi?-]可逆反应?reversible?reaction?动态平衡?dynamic?equilibrium?平衡常数?chemical?equilibrium?constant? 浓度幂?concentration?power??平衡移动?shift?of?equilibrium?state?吉布斯自由能?Gibbs?free?energy(abbr.?ΔG)?阿累尼乌斯方程?the?Arrhenius[??ri:ni?s]?Equation?自发反应?spontaneous[sp?n?teini?s]?reaction? 熵?entropy(abbr.?ΔS)?温室效应?greenhouse?effect?吸附作用?adsorption?绿色化学?green?chemistry?溶解度?solubility?离子反应?ionic?reaction?电离?ionisation?电解质?electrolyte?电离平衡?ionisation?equilibrium?电离常数?ionisation?constant?离子积?ion-product?constant?氢离子浓度指数?hydrogen?ion?concentration(abbr.?pH?from ?French?potentiel?d'hydrogène)?溶解平衡?dissolution?equilibrium?[d?s?'lu??(?)n] ekw? 溶度积?solubility?product?原电池?galvanic(voltaic)?cell??[g?l'v?n?k]盐桥?salt?bridge?电极?electrode?正极/阳极?anode?负极/阴极?cathode?标准电极电势?standard?electrode?potential(abbr.?E0)?干电池?dry?cell?一次电池?primary?cell(battery)?二次电池/蓄电池?secondary?cell/storage?battery?充电?charge?放电?discharge?燃料电池?fuel?cell?电解?electrolysis??电解池/电解槽?electrolytic?cell?电镀?galvanisation?[,ɡ?lv?nai'zei??n]电偶腐蚀/电化腐蚀?galvanic?corrosion?分子空间构型?molecular?geometries?杂化?hybrid?轨道?orbital??晶格?lattice?晶体?crystal?晶胞?crystal?structure?堆积作用?sedimentation?[,sed?m?n'te???n] 常见元素?氢?hydrogen(abbr.?H)?['haidr?d??n]?氦?helium(abbr.?He)?['hi:li?m]?锂?lithium(abbr.?Li)?['liθi?m]?硼?boron(abbr.?B)?['b?:r?n]??碳?carbon(abbr.?C)?['kɑ:b?n]?氮?nitrogen(abbr.?N)?['naitr?d??n]?氧?oxygen(abbr.?O)?['?ksid??n]?氟?fluorine(abbr.?F)?['flu?ri:n]?氖?neon(abbr.?Ne)?['ni:?n]?钠?sodium(abbr.?Na)?['s?udi?m]?镁?magnesium(abbr.?Mg)??铝?aluminum(abbr.?Al)?[,?l??mini?m]?硅?silicon(abbr.?Si)?['silik?n]?磷?phosphorus(abbr.?P)?['f?sf?r?s]?硫?sulfur(abbr.?S)?['s?lf?]?氯?chlorine(abbr.?Cl)?['kl?:ri:n]?氩?argon(abbr.?Ar)?['ɑ:ɡ?n]?钾?potassium(abbr.?K)?[p??t?si?m]?钙?calcium(abbr.?Ca)?[?k?lsi?m]?钛?titanium(abbr.?Ti)?[tai'teini?m]?铬?chromium(abbr.?Cr)?['kr?umj?m]?锰?manganese(abbr.?Mn)?[?m??ɡ?ni:z]? 铁?iron(abbr.?Fe)?['a??n]?钴?cobalt(abbr.?Co)?[k?u'b?:lt]? 镍?nickel(abbr.?Ni)?['nik?l]铜?copper(abbr.?Cu)?['k?p?]?锌?zinc(abbr.?Zn)?[zi?k]?砷?arsenic(abbr.?As)?['ɑ:s?nik]?溴?bromine(abbr.?Br)?['br?umi:n]?银?silver(abbr.?Ag)?['silv?]?锡?tin(abbr.?Sn)?[tin]?碘?iodine(abbr.?I)?氙?xenon(abbr.Xe)?['zen?n]?钡?barium(abbr.?Ba)?['be?ri?m]?钨?tungsten(abbr.?W)?[t??st?n]?铂?platinum(abbr.?Pt)?['pl?tin?m]?金?gold(abbr.?Au)?[ɡ?uld]?汞?mercury(abbr.?Hg)?['m?:kjuri]?铅?lead(abbr.?Pb)?[led]?常见单质?氢气、氮气、氧气、氟气、氯气、液溴、固态碘的名称同元素名称?金刚石?diamond??['dai?m?nd]?石墨?graphite?['gr?fait]?臭氧?ozone?['?uz?un]?红磷?red?phosphorus?白磷?white?phosphorus?常见根离子(common?radicals)?氢化的?hydride?['haidraid]?硼酸?boric?(acid)?adj.borate??['b??re?t]碳化的?carbide?['ka:baid]碳酸?carbonic??[kɑ?'b?n?k] (acid)?adj. carbonate?碳酸氢根?bicarbonate/hydrogen?carbonate? 氮化的?nitride?['naitraid]?叠氮化的?azide?['?zaid]?硝酸?nitric?(acid)?adj.nitrate?亚硝酸?nitrous??['na?tr?s] (acid)?adj.nitrite? 氧化的?oxide?['?ksaid]?二氧化的?dioxide?[dai-']?三氧化的?trioxide??[tra?'?ksa?d]过氧根?peroxy?(radical)?adj.peroxide?[p?'?ksaid]?超氧化的?superoxide?[sjup?'?ksaid]?氢氧根?hydroxyl[hai'dr?ksil]?(radical)?adj. hydroxide?水合氢离子?hydronium?氟化的?fluoride?偏铝酸?meta-aluminic[met?'?ljuminik]?(acid)?adj. meta-aluminate?[?'lju?m?ne?t]四羟基合铝酸?hydroxyl-aluminic[hai'dr?ksil-']?(acid)??硅酸?silicic['silisik]?(acid)?adj.silicate?磷酸?phosphoric?(acid)?adj.phosphate?磷酸二氢根?dihydrogen?phosphate??磷酸氢根?hydrogen?phosphate??硫化的?sulfide?硫氢根?bisulphide/sulphanide/hydrogen?sulphide?? 硫酸?sulphuric?(acid)?adj.sulphate?硫酸氢根?bisulphate/hydrogen?sulphate?亚硫酸?sulphurous?(acid)?adj.sulphite?亚硫酸氢根?bisulphite/hydrogen?sulphite? 硫代硫酸根?thiosulphate?[θai?u-']?焦硫酸根?persulphate?[p?:-']?氯化的?chloride?['kl?raid]?氢氯酸/盐酸?hydrochloric?(acid)?高氯酸?perchloric?(acid)?adj.perchlorate?氯酸?chloric?(acid)?adj.chlorate?亚氯酸?chlorous?(acid)?adj.chlorite?次氯酸?hypochlorous?(acid)?adj.hypochlorite?溴化的?bromide?氢溴酸、高溴酸、溴酸、亚溴酸、次溴酸名称参见氯?碘化的?iodide?['ai?daid]?氢碘酸、高碘酸、碘酸、亚碘酸、次碘酸名称参见氯?卤化的?halide?铵根?ammonium?[??m?uni?m]?高锰酸根?permanganate?锰酸根?manganate?氰根?cyanide?['sainaid]? 硫氰根?thiocyanate?[θai?u?sai?neit]铬酸根?chromate?重铬酸根?dichromate?常见无机化合物(common?inorganic?compounds)?氢化钠?sodium?hydride?氨?ammonia/azane[?-?] ?硅烷?silane?[?si-]?磷化氢?phosphine?硫化氢?hydrogen?sulphide?氮化镁?magnesium?nitride?四氧化三铁?iron(II,III)?oxide?二氟化氧?oxygen?difluoride?氯化氢?hydrogen?chloride?氯化亚铁?iron(II)?chloride/ferrous?chloride ?氯化铁?iron(III)?chloride/ferric?chloride?氯化亚锡?tin(II)?chloride/stannous?chloride 四羟基合铝酸钠?sodium?aluminate?磷酸二氢钠?monosodium?phosphate?磷酸氢二钠?disodium?phosphate?氯化铵?ammonium?chloride?硫氢化钠/硫氢酸钠?sodium?hydrosulphide? ?系统命名法(chemical?nomenclature)?一?mono-?二?di-?三?tri-?四?tetra-?五?penta-?六?hexa-?七?hepta-?八?octa-?九?nona-?十?deca-?烷烃?alkane?(preffix?alkyl-,suffix?-ane)? 甲?meth-?乙?eth-?丙?prop-?丁?but-?戊?pent-?己?hex-?庚?hept-?辛?oct-?壬?non-?癸?dec-?十一?undec-?十二?dodec-十三?tridec-?十四?tetradec-?十五?pentadec-?十六?hexadec-?十七?heptadec-?十八?octadec-?十九?nonadec-?二十?eicos-?三十?triacont-?四十?tetracont-?五十?prntacont-?正构型?normal-(n-)?异构型?iso-(i-)?新构型?neo-(n-)?聚?poly-?烷基?alkyl?甲基?methyl(abbr.?Me)?乙基?ethyl(abbr.?Et)?丙基?propyl(abbr.?Pr)?环烷烃?cycloalkane?(preffix?-cyclo,?suffix?-ane)? 烯烃?alkene?(preffix?alkenyl-,suffix?-ene)? 二烯烃?allene?(suffix?-adiene)?环烯烃?cycloalkene?(preffix?cyclo-,?suffix?-ene)?炔烃?alkyne?(preffix?alkynyl-,suffix?-yne)? 顺式异构?preffix?cis-(Z-)?反式异构?preffix?trans-(E-)?苯基?phenyl(abbr.?Ph)?(preffix?phenyl-,suffix?-benzene)?苄基?benzyl(abbr.?Bn)?(preffix?benzyl-,suffix?-toluene)?醇?alcohol?(preffix?hydroxy-,suffix?-ol)?带卤素的化合物?halogens?(preffix?fluoro-,chloro-,bromo-,etc.)?酮?ketone?(preffix?oxo-,suffix?-one)?醛?aldehyde?(preffix?oxo-,suffix?-al?or?not? included?in?carbon?chain?preffix?formyl-,suf fix?-carbaldehyde)?羧酸?carboxylic[ka:b?k'silik]?(acid)?adj. carboxylate?(suffix?-oic?acid)?羧基?carboxyl?(preffix?carboxyl-,suffix?-oic?acid?or?multiple?groups?suffix?-di,tri,tetracarbonyl?acid)?乙酸根?carboxyl?radical(abbr.?Ac)?醚?ether?(suffix?-ane?and?-oxy)?脂?ester?(preffix?R-oxycarbonyl-,suffix?-oic?acid/-oate)? 胺和酰胺?amine(preffix?amino-,suffix?-amine?or?acco rding?to?position?ofN?atom?with?pre/suffix?-N-)?and?amide(preffix?carbamoyl-?and?amido-,s uffix?–amide?and??-carboxamide?or?accordi ng?to?position?of?N?atom?with?pre/suffix?-N-)?氨基?amino?酰胺基?amido磺酸sulphonic?(acid)?adj.sulphonate?(preffix?sulp ho-,suffix?-sulphonic?acid)腈?nitrile?(preffix?cyano-,suffix?-nitrile)? 酚?phenol/carbolic?acid?常见有机化合物(common?organic?compounds)?酚酞?phenolphthalein(abbr.?Hln/phph)? [fin?lf'θeili:n]石蕊?litmus?溴酚蓝?bromopheno?blue?百里酚蓝?thymol?blue?甲基橙?methyl?orange?龙胆紫?gentian?violet?氯仿?chloroform?异戊二烯?isoprene?月桂烯?myrcene?[mair'si:n]?聚乙烯?polythene?聚氯乙烯?poly(chloroethene)(abbr.?PVC)?聚丙烯?polypropylene?聚四氟乙烯/特氟龙?poly(tetrafluoroethene)/teflon(abbr.PTF)?? 晴纶?orlon?二甲醚?methoxymethane?苯酚?phenol?乙酸乙酯?methyl?propanoate?甲酸/蚁酸?methanoic?acid/formic?acid?乙酸/醋酸?ethanoic?acid/acetic?acid?乙二酸/草酸?oxalic?acid?adj.oxalate?丙酸/初油酸?propanoic?acid/propionic?acid?丁酸/酪酸?butanoic?acid/butyric?acid?软脂酸/棕榈酸?hexadecanoic?acid/palmitic?acid?硬脂酸?octadecanoic?acid/stearic?acid??硬脂酸钠?sodium?stearate?柠檬酸?citric?acid?柠檬酸钠?sodium?citrate?乳酸?lactic?acid?乳酸钠?sodium?lactate?葡萄糖酸?gluconic?acid?adj.gluconate?氨基酸?amino?acid?葡萄糖?glucose?果糖?fructose?半乳糖?galactose?核糖?ribose?脱氧核糖?desoxyribose?核糖核酸?rebonucleic?acid(abbr.?RNA)?脱氧核糖核酸?deoxyribonucleic?acid(abbr.?DNA)?麦芽糖?maltose?蔗糖?sucrose磺酸?sulphonic?(acid)?adj.sulphonate?(preffix?sulpho-,suffix?-sulphonic ?acid)?腈?nitrile?(preffix?cyano-,suffix?-nitrile)?酚?phenol/carbolic?acid?常见有机化合物(common?organic?compounds)?酚酞?phenolphthalein(abbr.?Hln/phph)?[fin?lf'θeili:n]?石蕊?litmus?溴酚蓝?bromopheno?blue?百里酚蓝?thymol?blue?甲基橙?methyl?orange?龙胆紫?gentian?violet?氯仿?chloroform?异戊二烯?isoprene?月桂烯?myrcene?[mair'si:n]?聚乙烯?polythene?聚氯乙烯?poly(chloroethene)(abbr.?PVC)?聚丙烯?polypropylene?聚四氟乙烯/特氟龙?poly(tetrafluoroethene)/teflon(abbr.PTF)?? 晴纶?orlon?二甲醚?methoxymethane? 苯酚?phenol?乙酸乙酯?methyl?propanoate?甲酸/蚁酸?methanoic?acid/formic?acid?乙酸/醋酸?ethanoic?acid/acetic?acid?乙二酸/草酸?oxalic?acid?adj.oxalate?丙酸/初油酸?propanoic?acid/propionic?acid?丁酸/酪酸?butanoic?acid/butyric?acid?软脂酸/棕榈酸?hexadecanoic?acid/palmitic?acid?硬脂酸?octadecanoic?acid/stearic?acid??硬脂酸钠?sodium?stearate?柠檬酸?citric?acid?柠檬酸钠?sodium?citrate?乳酸?lactic?acid?乳酸钠?sodium?lactate?葡萄糖酸?gluconic?acid?adj.gluconate?氨基酸?amino?acid?葡萄糖?glucose?果糖?fructose?半乳糖?galactose?核糖?ribose?脱氧核糖?desoxyribose?核糖核酸?rebonucleic?acid(abbr.?RNA)?脱氧核糖核酸?deoxyribonucleic?acid(abbr.?DNA)?麦芽糖?maltose?蔗糖?sucrose曲颈瓶?retort?[ri'-]?表面皿?watch?glass?石棉网?asbestos[?s'best?s]?gauze?玻璃棒?glass?rod/stirring?rod/stir?rod?铁架台?iron?stand?滴定管?burette/buret?泥三角?pipeclay?triangle?启普发生器?Kipp's?apparatus/Kipp?generator?酒精喷灯?alcohol?blast?burner?坩埚钳?tong?坩埚?pot?索氏提取器?Soxhlet?extractor?冷凝管?cold?finger?称量瓶?weighing?bottle?。

化学专业英语词汇表本文介绍了化学专业需要用到的英语词汇，包括基础的化学术语、常用的化学分支、常用的化学实验和常用的化学反应。

文章采用表格形式列出了中文和英文对照的词汇，并给出了一些例句和注释，以便于理解和记忆。

文章的目的是帮助化学专业的学生和研究者提高英语水平，更好地阅读和撰写化学相关的文献和报告。

一、基础化学术语中文英文例句或注释化学chemistry Chemistry is the science of matter and its transformations. 化学是研究物质及其变化的科学。

元素element An element is a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances bychemical means. 元素是一种不能通过化学手段分解为更简单物质的物质。

原子atom An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of thatelement. 原子是元素的最小单位，保持了该元素的化学性质。

原子核nucleus The nucleus is the central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons. 原子核是原子的中心部分，包含了质子和中子。

质子proton A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle, found in the nucleus of an atom. 质子是一种带正电的亚原子粒子，存在于原子核中。

中子neutron A neutron is a neutrally charged subatomic particle, found in the nucleus of an atom. 中子是一种不带电的亚原子粒子，存在于原子核中。

☆常用： ppm: parts per millionppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称(1)MgCl2 magnesium [mæɡ’ni:zj əm] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait](3)KNO3 potassium[p ə’tæsi əm] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习：▪ FeBr2 ▪ (NH4)2SO4 ▪ NH4H2PO4▪KMnO4▪亚硫酸▪sulfurous acid▪H2S▪NO2 有机物命名▪Hydrocarbon▪{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon}▪Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃)▪{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)}▪Alcohol 醇▪Aldehyde 醛▪Ketone [‘ki:təun] 酮▪Carboxylic acid 羧酸▪Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)▪{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-,甲乙丙丁戊已hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly-庚辛壬葵环聚练习▪甲烷乙炔▪丙酮丁醇▪戊烷己烯▪庚醛辛烷▪2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lithium [‘liθiəm] n.锂Beryllium [bə’riljəm] n.铍(Be)Sodium [‘səudiəm] n.钠Potassium [pə’tæsiəm] 钾Rubidium [ru:’bidiəm] 铷Caesium [‘si:ziəm] 铯Nucleus[‘nju:kli s] 原子核，是nuclear的复数Halogen[‘hælədʒən] 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positive[‘pƆzətiv] ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径，raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径metallic [mi’tælik] character[‘kæriktə] 金属特性electropositive [I’lektrəu’pɔzətiv] a.带正电的Ionization [‘aiənai’zeiʃən] energy 电离能carbon 碳 germanium[dʒə:’meiniəm] 锗tin [tin] 锡 lead [led] 铅sodium[‘səudiəm] 钠 magnesium[mæɡ’ni:zjəm] 镁silicon [‘silikən] 硅 chlorine [’klɔ:ri:n] 氯nonmetallic [‘nɔnmi’tælik]adj.n.非金属的，非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide [hai’drɔksaid] 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl [hai‘drɔksil] ions 氢氧根离子insoluble[in’sɔljubl] 不溶解的Ionic [ai‘ɔnik] adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity [bə’sisiti] n. 碱性，碱度Oxyacid [,ɔksi’æsid] 含氧酸Carbonate [‘kɑ:bəneit] 碳酸盐Nitrate [‘naitreit] 硝酸盐Sulphate [‘sʌlfeit] 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric [,æmfə’terik] adj.两性的Acid [‘æsid] n. adj.alkali [‘ælkəlai] n.adj.Hydration [hai’dreiʃən] 水合作用Hydrolyze [‘haidrəlaiz] vi. 水解Oxysalt [‘ɔksisɔ:lt] 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物，复合物句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if suppliedwith energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的，如果供给能量，有失去电子的趋势。

100个化学用语1. 元素 (element)2. 化合物 (compound)3. 反应 (reaction)4. 摩尔质量 (molar mass)5. 离子 (ion)6. 氧化还原反应 (redox reaction)7. 酸 (acid)8. 碱 (base)9. pH值 (pH)10. 比例 (proportion)11. 溶解度 (solubility)12. 摩尔浓度 (molar concentration)13. 反应速率 (reaction rate)14. 电子 (electron)15. 原子 (atom)16. 分子 (molecule)17. 质子 (proton)18. 中子 (neutron)19. 原子核 (atomic nucleus)20. 化学键 (chemical bond)21. 氧化物 (oxide)22. 同位素 (isotope)23. 共价键 (covalent bond)24. 电离 (ionization)25. 酸碱中和反应 (acid-base neutralization)26. 氧化剂 (oxidizing agent)27. 还原剂 (reducing agent)28. 化学平衡 (chemical equilibrium)29. 气体 (gas)30. 液体 (liquid)31. 固体 (solid)32. 晶体 (crystal)33. 溶液 (solution)34. 溶剂 (solvent)35. 溶质 (solute)36. 气相反应 (gas phase reaction)37. 液相反应 (liquid phase reaction)38. 固相反应 (solid phase reaction)39. 热力学 (thermodynamics)40. 热化学 (thermochemistry)41. 反应热 (heat of reaction)42. 反应速率常数 (rate constant)43. 化学平衡常数 (equilibrium constant)44. 摩尔吸光度 (molar absorptivity)45. 粒子 (particle)46. 势能 (potential energy)47. 动能 (kinetic energy)48. 熵 (entropy)49. 热力学第一定律 (first law of thermodynamics)50. 热力学第二定律 (second law of thermodynamics)51. 热力学第三定律 (third law of thermodynamics)52. 混合物 (mixture)53. 纯净物 (pure substance)54. 气压 (pressure)55. 温度 (temperature)56. 焓 (enthalpy)57. 熵变 (entropy change)58. 反应机制 (reaction mechanism)59. 活化能 (activation energy)60. 化学反应速率方程式 (chemical reaction rate equation)61. 反应物 (reactant)62. 生成物 (product)63. 离子键 (ionic bond)64. 配位化合物 (coordination compound)65. 配位数 (coordination number)66. 配位键 (coordination bond)67. 有机化合物 (organic compound)68. 脂肪酸 (fatty acid)69. 酶 (enzyme)70. 催化剂 (catalyst)71. 氧化数 (oxidation number)72. 核磁共振 (nuclear magnetic resonance)73. 质谱 (mass spectrometry)74. 紫外可见光谱 (UV-Visible spectroscopy)75. 傅里叶变换红外光谱 (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy)76. 光谱学 (spectroscopy)77. 色谱法 (chromatography)78. 离子交换 (ion exchange)79. 电解质 (electrolyte)80. 燃烧 (combustion)81. 氧化 (oxidation)82. 还原 (reduction)83. 烷烃 (alkane)84. 烯烃 (alkene)85. 炔烃 (alkyne)86. 醇 (alcohol)87. 酮 (ketone)88. 醛 (aldehyde)89. 酯 (ester)90. 脂肪 (fat)91. 蛋白质 (protein)92. 糖 (sugar)93. 碳水化合物 (carbohydrate)94. 脂质 (lipid)95. 核酸 (nucleic acid)96. 聚合物 (polymer)97. 合成 (synthesis)98. 分解 (decomposition)99. 双键 (double bond) 100. 三键 (triple bond)。

一般专业词汇Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kai rәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәla in]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】Thin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】化合物名称Oxygen ['ɔksidʒәn] 【氧】Nitrogen ['naitrәdʒәn] 【氮】Hydrogen ['haidrәudʒәn] 【氢】Urea ['juәriә]【尿素】Thiourea [ˏθaiәujuә'riә]【硫脲】Guanidine ['gwænәdi:n]【胍】Amidine ['æmiˏdi:n]【脒】Enamine [i'næmin]【烯胺】Furan ['fjuәræn]【呋喃】Imidazole [ˏimi'dæzәul]【咪唑】Imine['imi:n]【亚胺】Imide['imaid]【酰亚胺】Lactam['læktæm]【内酰胺】Lactone['læktәun]【内酯】Ether ['i:θә]【醚】Ester['estә]【脂】Carobohydrate['kɑ:bәu'haidreit]【碳水化合物】Acetal ['æsitæl]【缩醛】dichloromethane [daiˏklɔ:rә'meθein]【二氯甲烷】sulfone ['sʌlfәun] 【砜】sulfoxide [sʌl'fɔksaid]【亚砜】chloroform ['klɔ(:)rәfɔ:m]【氯仿】acidify [ә'sidifai]【酸化】saturated ['sætʃәreitid]【饱和的】sodium bicarbonate [bai'kɑ:bәnit]【碳酸氢钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Ketone['ki:tәun]【酮】Aldehyde['ældihaid]【醛】enol['i:nɔl]【烯醇】Enone ['i:nɔn]【烯酮】Dioxane [dai'ɔksein]【二噁烷】Acetone ['æsitәun]【丙酮】Ethyl acetate ['æsiˏteit]【乙酸乙酯】Petroleum [pi'trәuliәm] ether【石油醚】n-hexane [hek'sein]【正己烷】thiophene ['θaiәˏfi:n] 【噻吩】Glycine ['glaisi:n]【氨基乙酸】Glycoside ['glaikәˏsaid]【糖苷】thionyl['θaiәnil] chloride【氯化亚砜】Sulfur['sʌlfә]【硫】Proton ['prәutɔn]【质子】sodium borohydride [ˏbɔ:rә'haidraid]【硼氢化钠】lithium ['liθiәm]【锂】aluminum [ˏælju:'minjәm]【铝】sodium hydride [haidraid] 【氢化钠】glycol['glaikɔl] 【乙二醇】glycerol['glisәˏrɔl]；glycerin ['glisәrin]【甘油，丙三醇】Formic['fɔmik] acid 【甲酸】Chloroformate[ˏklɔ:rә'fɔ:meit]【氯甲酸脂】acetic [ə'sitik] acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydride[æn`haidraid] 【乙酸酐】trifluoroacetate [traifluәrә'æsiteit]【三氟乙酸酯（或盐）】anhydrous[æn`haidrɔs]【无水的】magnesium[mæg'ni:zjәm] sulfate['sʌlfeit]【硫酸镁】potassium[pә'tæsiәm] hydroxide [hai`drɔksaid]【氢氧化钾】sodium azide [`eizaid]【叠氮化钠】hydroxyl[hai`drɔksil] groups 【羟基】alkane['ælkein]【烷烃】alkene['ælki:n]【烯烃】alkyne['ælkain]【炔烃】halogen['hælәdʒәn]【卤素】halide['hælaid]【卤化物】fluorine['fluәri:n]【氟】fluorination[ˏflu:әri'neiʃәn]【氟代】chlorine['klɔ:ri:n]【氯】chlorination[ˏklɔ:ri'neiʃәn]【氯代】bromin e['brәumi:n]【溴】bromination ['brәumineiʃәn]【溴代】iodine['aiәdain]【碘】iodination['aiәdineiʃәn]【碘代】linear['liniә]【直链的】sulfonation[ˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【磺化】chloromethylation[klɔ:rәˏmeθi'leiʃәn【氯甲基化】nitration[nai'treiʃәn]【硝化】reduction[ridʌkʃәn] 【还原】oxidation[ɔksi'deiʃәn] 【氧化】chlorosulfonation [ˏklәurәˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【氯磺化】alkylation [ˏælki'leiʃ(ә)n]【烷基化】acylation[ˏæsi'leiʃ(ә)n]【酰化作用】acrylic [ә'krilik] acid 【丙烯酸】phosphorus ['fɔsfәrәs] 【磷】phosphorous ['fɔsfәrәs] tribromide[tr ai'brәumaid]【三溴化磷】phosphorus oxychloride [ˏɔksi'klɔ:raid]【三氯氧磷】condensed sulfuric [sʌl'fjuәrik] acid【浓硫酸】fuming nitric ['naitrik] acid【发烟硝酸】poly phosphoric [fɔs'fɔrik] acid 【多聚磷酸】acid chloride【酰氯】amide ['æmaid]【酰胺】amine[ә`min] 【胺】ammonia ['æmәunjә]【氨（水）】oxime ['ɔksi:m]【肟】Methanol ['meθәnɔl]【甲醇】Methyl ['meθil]【甲基】Methoxyl [me'θɔksil]【甲氧基】Ethanol ['eθәnɔl]【乙醇】Ethyl ['eθil]【乙基】Triethylamine [traiˏeθәlә'mi:n]【三乙胺】aniline [`ænili:n]【苯胺】hydrazine [`haidrәˏzi:n]【肼】hydrazide [`haidrәˏzi:n]【酰肼】hydrazone [`haidrәˏzәun]【腙】nitrile [`naitrail]【腈】borane ['bәurein] 【硼烷】Sodium Hydrosulfite [ˏhaidrәu'sʌlfait]【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium thiosulfate [ˏθaiәu'sʌlfeit]【硫代硫酸钠】Epoxide [e'pɔksaid]【环氧化物】Olefin ['әulәfin]【烯烃】Acetylene [ә'setili:n]【乙炔】Oxalic acid [ɔk'sælik]【草酸】Alkaline ['ælkәlain]【碱】Isocynate [aisәu'saiәneit]【异氰酸酯(或盐)】Isothiocynate [aisәuˏθaiәu'saiәneit]【异硫氰酸酯】Carbamate ['kɑ:bәmeit]【氨基甲酸酯(或盐)】Anisole ['æniˏsәul]【苯甲醚】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】epoxyethane [e'pɔksiθein]【环氧乙烷】Hypochlorite [ˏhaipәu'klɔ:rait] 【次氯酸盐】Enzyme ['enzaim]【酶】Guanine ['gwɑ:ni:n]【鸟嘌呤】Lead[li:d] acetate['æsiˏteit]【醋酸铅】Molecular [mәu'lekjulә]sieve[siv]【分子筛】Morphine['mɔ:fi:n]【吗啡】C ocaine[kә'kein]【可卡因】Morpholine['mɔ:fɔˏli:n]【吗啡啉】Nitromethane[ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Oligosaccharide[ˏɔligәu'sækәraid]【寡糖】Ortho-['ɔθә]【邻-，正-，原-】Meta-['metә]【间-, 偏-，次-】Para-['pærә]【对-，仲-，副-】Polymerization[ˏpɔlimәrai'zeiʃәn]【聚合】Phthalimide['θælimaid]【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】Selenium[si'li:niәm]【硒】Ultrasonication[ˏʌltrәˏsɔni'keiʃәn]【超声作用】Sulfonamide【sʌl'fɔnәmaid】【磺酰胺】Sulfonyl['sʌlfәnil]chloride【磺酰氯】Peptide ['peptaid]【肽】Barbituric [ˏbɑrbi`tjurik] acid【巴比妥酸】Thiocyanate[θaiәu'saiәneit]【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate ['θaiәuleit]【硫醇脂(或盐)】Transesterification [trænsәsˏterәfi'keiʃәn]【酯交换】Intramolecular [ˏintrәmә'lekjulә]【分子内的】Intermolecular [ˏintә:mә'lekjulә]【分子间的】Orthoformate[ˏɔθә'fɔmeit] 【原甲酸脂】Esterification[esˏterifi'keiʃәn]【酯化】Zinc[ziŋk] 【锌】triflate[trifleit]【三氟甲磺酸酯（或盐）】Bulky['bʌlki]【体积较大的】Quaternisation[kwɔtәnai'seiʃәn]【季铵盐化】Benzylic[ˏben'zilik]【苄基】benzyloxy [ˏbenzi'lɔksi]【苄氧基的】Carbanion ['kɑ:bәnaiәn]【碳负离子】Carbocation [ˏkɑ:bә'keiʃәn]【碳正离子】Dipole['daipәul]【偶极】Electron rich【富电子】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】Steroid['stirɔid]【甾族化合物】i-Propanol['prәupænәl]【异丙醇】n-Butanol['bjutәnәul]【正丁醇】benzoyl ['benzәuil] peroxide [pә'rɔksaid]【过氧化苯甲酰】sodium nitrite ['naitrait]【亚硝酸钠】diazonium [ˏdaiә'zәuniәm]salt【重氮盐】azomethane [ˏæzәu'meθein]【偶氮甲烷】phenyl ['fenəl]【苯基】salicylate [sæ'lisileit]【水杨酸酯（或盐）】nitromethane [ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】benzoic [ben'zәuik] acid 【苯甲酸】anthranilic [ænθ'rәnilik] acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】benzyl ['benzil] 【苄基】toluene ['tɔljui:n] 【甲苯】xylene ['zaili:n]【二甲苯】cuprous ['kju:prәs] cyanide['saiәnaid]【氰化亚铜】Sodium Citrate ['sitrit]【柠檬酸钠】Dimethyl sulfide['sʌlfaid]【二甲硫醚】Brine [brain]【盐水】Triphenylphosphine [traiˏfenәl'fɔsfi:n] oxide ['ɔksaid] 【三苯氧磷】Phenol ['fi:nәl]【苯酚】Irradiation [iˏreidi'eiʃәn]【光照】Radical ['rædikәl] initiator [i'niʃieitә]【自由基引发剂】Decarboxylation [ˏdikɑ:ˏbɔksә'leiʃәn]【脱羧】Phosgene['fɔzdʒi:n]【光气】Triphosgene【三光气】Carbonic [kɑ:'bɔnik] acid 【碳酸】cadmium ['kædmiәm] oxide氧化镉calcium ['kælsiәm] chloride【氯化钙】Tin(II) chloride【二氯化锡】Nickel ['nikl] 镍Palladium [pә'leidiәm]【钯】Carbonyl ['kɑ:bәnil]【羰基】Carboxylic [ˏkɑ:bɔk'silik] 【羧基的】Organometallic[ˏɔ:gәnәumi'tælik]【有机金属的】quinoxaline [kwi'nɔksәli:n]【喹喔啉】quinoline ['kwinәli:n]【喹啉】isoquinoline【异喹啉】indole [' indәul]【吲哚】indazole ['indәzәul]【吲唑】carbazole ['kɑ:bәzәul]【咔唑】pyridine ['piridi:n]【吡啶】pyrimidine[piri'midi:n]【嘧啶】pyrrole ['piәrәul]【吡咯】pyrolidine[pi'rәuliˏdi:n] 【四氢吡咯】piperidine [pi'peridi:n]【哌啶】piperazine [pi'perәzi:n]【哌嗪】。

化学专业名词化学专业名词1.The Ideal-Gas Equation [☞☜⏹] 理想气体状态方程2. Partial [ ☐☞☜●] Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase [] 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics [ ☜❍☜◆⏹❍] 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic [9endEJ`W\:mIk] and Exothermic [9eksEJ`W\:mIk] Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies [5enWAlpi, en5WAlpi] of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius [E5ri:niEs, -5rei-] Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms[5mekEnizEm] 反应机理21. Homogeneous [7hCmEu5dVi:njEs] Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous [7hetErEu5dVi:niEs] Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes [5enzaIm] 酶24. The Equilibrium [7i:kwi5libriEm] Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous [spCn5teinjEs, -niEs] Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p ，d ，f ）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷质量数82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型 117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布 123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅） 137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation 偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD ）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV ）190. confidence level 置信水平 191. confidence interval 置信区间 192. significant test 显著性检验93. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液 195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点 197. end point 滴定终点 198. titration error 滴定误差 199. primary standard 基准物质 200. amount of substance 物质的量 201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应 203. concentration 浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡 205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction 化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论 208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法 209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对 211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion 水合氢离子 213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积 215. ionization 电离 216. proton condition 质子平衡 217. zero level 零水准218. buffer solution 缓冲溶液 219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂 221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物 223. center ion 中心离子 224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数 227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸 229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数 230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子 233. chelate compound 螯合物 234. metal indicator 金属指示剂 235. chelating agent 螯合剂 236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子 239. catalysis 催化 240. oxidation 氧化 241. catalyst 催化剂 242. reduction 还原 243. catalytic reaction 催化反应 244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势 246. activation energy 反应的活化能 247. redox couple 氧化还原电对 248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾 249. iodimetry 碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾 251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示 253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量（OC ） 254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD) 255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO) 256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡 259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法 267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance 透光率269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell 吸收池276. detector 检测系统277. bathochromic shift 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基 319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应 330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应 337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应 t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃 358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团 360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象 362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式 364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式 365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应 366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸 368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应 370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能 372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物 374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子 376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则 378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。

（完整版）化学类专业英语词汇.doc专业英语词汇Unit 1TEXT A ： Chemical Reactions and Group Reactions customary a. 通常的，惯例的handle n.柄vt.触摸handling n.处理，管理derive vt.取得，得到，衍生oxidate vt.使氧化oxidation n.satisfactory a.令人满意的，符合要求的rapid a.快的，迅速的，动作快的combustion n.燃烧somewhat pron. ad. 一点点，几分，有点effort n.努力commercial a.商业的，商务的undesirable a不.合需要的，不受欢迎的，讨厌的retard vt.延迟，放慢，使停滞transformer n.变压器transform vt.改变，转变automotive a.自动的，机动的，汽车的cracked裂化的sluge n.软泥，淤泥stiff a.硬的，强烈的extent 广度，程度distillation n.蒸馏distill vt.vi.unrefined a.未精致，未提炼的acidity n.酸味，酸性acidify vt. Vi.Involve vt. 包缠，卷缠Fell=followingIndividual a.个人的，个体的Presumable a可.假定的，可推测的Destruction n.破坏，毁灭Overall n。

a.全面的，综合的Exceed 超过，胜过Isolate vt.隔离，孤立，使离析iso—构词成分“均匀”“异构”“苯”Analyse vt. 分析，分解Carbonyl 羰基Carboxyl羧基Hydroxyl羟基Decomposition分解Alkyl烷基，烃基Ketone 酮Aldehyde n.醛Yield vt. 出产，产出Explosive a. 爆炸Vapor n.蒸汽， vi.蒸发Propagation 繁殖，增殖；传播Dehydrate vt.使脱水Acet 构词成分Acetaldehyde乙醛Resin n.树脂Resinous a.树脂的Carboxylic a.羟基的Substantial a.物质的，实质的Susceptible a易.受感动的，敏感的Analogous a.类似的，相似的（ to）Response n.作答，回答，响应，反应Readily ad.乐意地，很快地Readiness n准.备就绪，愿意Extent n.广度长度Steric 空间的，位的Likewise ad.同样的，照样地；也，又Suffer vt.遭受，经历Progressive a进.步的，长进的，渐次的Adjacent a.邻近的，紧挨着的Terminal a.末端的，终点的MethyleneBromide n.溴化物Substitute n.代替物（人），代用品substitution n.代替，替换Remote a相.隔较远的Acetone n.丙酮Ether n.醚，乙醚Correspond vi.符合，一致；相当，相应Reservation n保.留，预定Tend vi.走向，趋向。