2010年首都师范大学英语翻译基础真题答案

北京外国语大学2010年翻译硕士（MTI笔译方向）英语翻译基础试卷（答案）I.Translate the following terms into Chinese(15points,1point each):1.UNESCO联合国教科文组织2.NASA美国宇航局3.Diet of Japan日本国会4.FDI外商直接投资TV(not中国中央电视台)闭路电视6.FBI联邦调查局7.GM crop转基因粮食8.IAEA国际原子能机构9.opportunity cost机会成本10.Keynesians凯恩斯主义者11.the Tories英国保守党（托利党）12.the State Department in Washington华盛顿国务院13.the Treasury Department of the U.S.美国财政部14.protectionism保护主义15.Balance of Payments收支平衡II.Translate the following terms into English(15points,1point each):1.中国特色的社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics2.科学发展观scientific outlook on development3.全面建设小康社会build a moderately prosperous society in all respects4.以人为本people-oriented5.宏观经济调控macroeconomic control6.自主创新能力independent innovation7.完善人民币汇率形成机制improve the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate8.中西医并重emphasize on the importance of both TCM and western medicine9.突发事件应急管理机制improve the mechanisms for responding to emergencies10.港人治港people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong11.构建两岸关系和平发展框架establish the framework of peaceful development across the straits12.知足常乐A contented mind is a perpetual feast13.水火无情Fire and water have no mercy14.祸从口出A ready tongue is an evil15.一蹶不振collapse after one setbackIII.Translate the following passages into Chinese1..最近，我以首席证人的身份参与了一桩谋杀案的审判，由此觉察到一个细微的法律问题，这个问题源于我们国家不断多民族化的进程。

2010年首都师范大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分：72.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.Among the following plays, ______is NOT a comedy written by William Shakespeare.（分数：2.00）A.A Midsummer Night"s DreamB.The Merchant of VeniceC.As You Like ItD.Macbeth2."All is not lost, the unconquerable will,/And study of revenge, immoral hate,/And courage never to submit or yield,/And what is else not to be overcome?" are taken from the poem written by______.（分数：2.00）A.William ShakespeareB.John DonneC.John MiltonD.John Keats3.The novel______launched Daniel Defoe on a new career as a novelist.（分数：2.00）A.The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson CrusoeB.Captain SingletonC.Moll FlandersD.The Life and Adventures of Mr. Duncan Campbell4.Among the following works by William Blake, ______deals with evil, violence and emotion.（分数：2.00）A.Song of InnocenceB.Song of ExperienceC.The Marriage of Heaven and HellD.The Gates of Paradise5.That______is NOT true about William Wordsworth.（分数：2.00）A.Wordsworth is one of the Lake PoetsB.he was made poet laureate by British Government in 1843C.The Prelude can be read as a declaration of RomanticismD.he believed that poetry "takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility"6.______tells of the adversity of the orphan Pip that makes him discard his snobbishness.（分数：2.00）A.Hard TimesB.A Tale of Two CitiesC.David CopperfieldD.Great Expectations7.Among the following works, ______was written by Emily Bronte.（分数：2.00）A.Agnes GreyB.The ProfessorC.Wuthering HeightsD.Jane Eyre8.Virginia Woolf is known as a novelist and critic.______is NOT a novel of hers.（分数：2.00）A.Mrs. DallowayB.To the LighthouseC.The Common ReaderD.The Waves9.______depicts a picture of society in India under the British Raj, of the clash between East and West, and of the prejudice and misunderstanding.（分数：2.00）A.Where Angels Feat to TreadB.A Room with a ViewC.A Passage to IndiaD.Howard"s End10.______is well known for depicting the absurdity of human conditions in the post-industrial society after World War II in his plays.（分数：2.00）A.Samuel BeckettB.George Bernard ShawC.Oscar WildeD.William Golding11.Yoknapatawpha County is often used as the background in the novels written by______.（分数：2.00）A.William FaulknerB.Isaac Bashevis SingerC.Mark TwainD.Katherine Anne Porter12.______is NOT written by Toni Morrison.（分数：2.00）A.The Bluest EyeB.BelovedC.The Color PurpleD.Paradise13.The narrator of The Great Gatsby is ______.（分数：2.00）A.GatsbyB.NickC.DaisyD.Tom14.All the following works are written by Ernest Hemingway EXCEPT______.（分数：2.00）A.A Farewell to ArmsB.The Sum Also RisesC.The Sound and FuryD.For Whom the Bell Tolls15.T. S. Eliot"s______is a precise depiction of the state of culture and society after World WarI and an illustration of the spiritual poverty of the West of the time.（分数：2.00）A.The Waste LandB.Four QuartetsC.The Sacred WoodD.Homage to John Dryden16.All the following novels are written by Henry James EXCEPT______.（分数：2.00）A.The AmericanB.The Portrait of a LadyC.The AmbassadorsD.Innocents Abroad17.______is written by Catherine Anne Porter.（分数：2.00）A.Flowering JudasB.A Rose for EmilyC.Everyday UseD.Song of Solomon18.______is regarded as "America"s Declaration of Intellectual Independence".（分数：2.00）A.NatureB.The Conduct of LifeC.Society and SolitudeD.The American Scholar19."When it comes, the landscape listens,/ Shadows hold their breath;/ When it goes, "tis like the distance/ On the look of death. " are taken from Emily Dickinson"s poem______.（分数：2.00）A.There"s Certain Slant of LightB.Again His Voice Is at the DoorC.Success Is Counted SweetestD.I felt a Funeral, in My Brain20."Where I lived, and What I Lived for" is taken from Thoreau"s______.（分数：2.00）A.A Week on the Concord and Merrimack RiversB.Walden; or, Life in the WoodsC.The Maine WoodsD.Life Without Principle二、名词解释(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.free verse（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 22.tall tale（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 23.Lost Generation（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 24.Theatre of the Absurd（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 25.Romanticism（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________三、问答题(总题数：5，分数：20.00)I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o"er vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils,Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.（分数：4.00）(1).Name the author of this poem.(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).What is the rhyme scheme of the stanza?(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ His smile was so easy, so friendly, that Laura recovered. What nice eyes he had, small, but such a dark blue! And now she looked at the others, they were smiling too. " Cheer up, we won"t bite," their smile seemed to say. How very nice workmen were! And what a beautiful morning! She mustn"t mention the morning; she must be business-like. The marquee.（分数：4.00）(1).Name the title of the short story.(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).Comment on the writing techniques.(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ For the next eight or ten months, Oliver was the victim of a systematic course of treachery and deception. He was brought up by hand. The hungry and destitute situation of the infant orphan was duly reported by the workhouse authorities to the parish authorities. The parish authorities inquired with dignity of the workhouse authorities, whether there was no female then domiciled in " the house" who was in a situation to impart to Oliver Twist, the consolation and nourishment of which he stood in need. The workhouse authorities replied with humility, that there was not.Upon this, the parish authorities magnanimously and humanely resolved, that Oliver should be "farmed" or, in other words, that he should be dispatched to a branch-workhouse some three miles off, where twenty or thirty other juvenile offenders against the poor-laws, rolled about the floor all day, without the inconvenience of too much food or too much clothing, under the parental superintendence of an elderly female, who received the culprits at and for the consideration of sevenpence-halfpenny per small head per week. Sevenpence-halfpenny"s worth per week is a good round diet for a child; a great deal may be got for sevenpence-halfpenny, quite enough to overload its stomach, and make it uncomfortable. The elderly female was a woman of wisdom and experience; she knew what was food for children; and she had a very accurate perception of what was good for herself. So, she appropriated the greater part of the weekly stipend to her own use, and consigned the rising parochial generation to even a shorter allowance than was originally provided for them. Thereby finding in the lowest depth a deeper still; and proving herself a very great experimental philosopher.（分数：4.00）(1).What is the title of the novel?(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).What is the effect of the irony used in the excerpt?(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ We were all at the hospital every afternoon, and there were different ways of walking across the town through the dusk to the hospital. Two of the ways were alongside canals, but they were long. Always, though, you crossed a bridge across a canal to enter the hospital. There was a choice of three bridges. On one of them a woman sold roasted chestnuts. It was warm, standing in front of her charcoal fire, and the chestnuts were warm afterward in your pocket. The hospital was very old and very beautiful, and you entered through a gate and walked across a courtyard and out a gate on the other side. There were usually funerals starting from the courtyard. Beyond the old hospital were the new brick pavilions, and there we met every afternoon and were all very polite and interested in what was the matter, and sat in the machines that were to make so much difference.（分数：4.00）(1).Identify the author of the short story.(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).What is the theme of the short story?(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ There was music from my neighbor"s house through the summer night. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam. On weekends his Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops and scrubbing-brushes and hammers and garden - shears, repairing the ravages of the night before.（分数：4.00）(1).From which novel is this excerpt taken?(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).What is the theme of the novel?(1 point)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________四、评论题(总题数：1，分数：2.00)ment on the following excerpt and write a 100-word essay on it.(10 points)From Ralph Waldo Emerson"s The American ScholarBooks are the best of things, well used; abused, among the worst. What is the right use? What is the one end, which all means go to effect? They are for nothing but to inspire. I had better never see a book than to be warped by its attraction clean out ofmy own orbit, and made a satellite instead of a system. The one thing in the world of value is the active soul—the soul, free, sovereign, active. This every man is entitled to; this every man contains within him, although, in almost all men, obstructed, and as yet unborn. The soul active sees absolute truth; and utters truth, or creates. In this action, it is genius; not the privilege of here and there a favorite, but the sound estate of every man. In its essence, it is progressive. The book, the college, the school of art, the institution of any kind, stop with some past utterance of genius. This is good, say they,—let us hold by this. They pin me down. They look backward and not forward. But genius looks forward. The eyes of man are set in his forehead, not in his hindhead. Man hopes, genius creates. To create,—to create, —is the proof of a divine presence. Whatever talents may be if the man create not, the pure efflux of the Deity is not his;—cinders and smoke there may be, but not yet flame. There are creative manners, there are creative actions, and creative words; manners, actions, words, that is, indicative of no custom or authority, but springing spontaneous from the mind"s own sense of good and fair.On the other part, instead of being its own seer, let it receive from another mind its truth, though it were in torrents of light, without periods of solitude, inquest, and self-recovery, and a fatal disservice is done. Genius is always sufficiently the enemy of genius by over influence. The literature of every nation bear me witness. The English dramatic poets have Shakspearized now for two hundredyears.Undoubtedly there is a right way of reading, so it be sternly subordinated. Man Thinking must not be subdued by his instruments. Books are for the scholar"s idle times. When he can read God directly, the hour is too precious to be wasted in other men"s transcripts of their readings. But when the intervals of darkness come, as come they must,—when the sun is hid, and the stars withdraw their shining,—we repair to the lamps which were kindled by their way, to guide our steps to the East again, where the dawn is. We hear, that we may speak. The Arabian proverb says, "A fig tree, looking on a fig tree, becometh fruitful. "（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。

[考研类试卷]2013年首都师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷英译汉1 most-favored nation treatment2 manned space program3 export-oriented economy4 renewable energy sources5 cultural devolution汉译英6 贫富不均7 公益事业8 销售旺季9 拜金主义10 与时俱进11 应试教育12 互利互惠13 民族复兴14 实干兴邦15 民意调查英译汉16 Will the sun rise where it sets and set where it rises? Can I relive the errors of yesterday and right them? Can I call back yesterday's wounds and make themwhole? ...Can I take back the evil that was spoken, the blows that were struck, the pain that was caused? No. Yesterday is buried forever.17 I have but one life and life is naught but a measurement of time. If I waste today I destroy the last page of my life. Therefore, each hour of this day will I cherish for it can never return. It cannot be banked today to be withdrawn on the morrow,for who can trap the wind? Each minute of this day will I grasp with both hands and fondle with love for its value is beyond price. What dying man can purchase another breath though he willingly give all his gold? What price dare I place on the hours ahead? I will make them priceless!(fondle: to handle or touch lovingly, affectionately, or tenderly)汉译英18 建设生态文明，是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的长远大计。

【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。

目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师.2010年北京语言大学英语翻译基础考研真题1、缩略语及专业术语翻译，英译汉和汉译英各占一半diplomatic asylumgenetic mutationInternational Herald TribuneUNFCCCUNEFRamadannon-aligned movementfutures businessNAFTAthe transference of the title of property国家质量技术监督局国债专属资金保险索赔优惠关税红白喜事安居工程《论语》常规裁军海协会欲速则不达2、英译汉，是一篇关于football的文章，7小段，大概内容是足球比赛与战争。

3、汉译英：我国古代先哲通过观察宇宙万物的变动，提出了“天行健，君子以自强不息”，成为中国人民艰苦奋斗自强不息的精神力量。

民主革命的先行者孙中山领导的辛亥革命，结束了中国几千年来的君主专制制度。

中国共产党领导中国人民，取得民族独立和人民解放，社会主义建设取得举世瞩目的成就。

专业课的复习和应考有着与公共课不同的策略和技巧，虽然每个考生的专业不同，但是在总体上都有一个既定的规律可以探寻。

以下就是针对考研专业课的一些十分重要的复习方法和技巧。

一、专业课考试的方法论对于报考本专业的考生来说，由于已经有了本科阶段的专业基础和知识储备，相对会比较容易进入状态。

但是，这类考生最容易产生轻敌的心理，因此也需要对该学科能有一个清楚的认识，做到知己知彼。

跨专业考研或者对考研所考科目较为陌生的同学，则应该快速建立起对这一学科的认知构架，第一轮下来能够把握该学科的宏观层面与整体构成，这对接下来具体而丰富地掌握各个部分、各个层面的知识具有全局和方向性的意义。

1.译文应完全复写出原作的思想。

译文的风格和笔调应与原文的性质相同。

译文应和原作同样流畅。

2.首先，翻译是一门科学，它需要对事实的认知、核查，需要懂得描述这些事实的语言---- 错误的内容，错误的事实，应该得以鉴别。

第二，翻译是一种技巧，它需要恰当的语言和约定俗成的用法。

第三，翻译是一门艺术，它识优辨劣，是一种创造性的、凭直觉的，有时是闪烁灵感的翻译。

最后，翻译是一种风格，它弥合了分歧，显示了个人的偏爱，形形色色精彩纷呈的译文折射了译者的特点。

（纽马克）第三节：the Milky Way（银河）直译为"牛奶路"；the apple of my eye(珍爱物；珍爱之人，宝贝)直译成"我眼的苹果"；"Every dog has its day."译为"每只狗都有它的日子"（正确的译法应为"人人皆有得意之日"）。

"When Greek meets Greek, then comes the tug of war."译作"张飞杀岳飞，杀得满天飞"（正确译法应为"两雄相遇，其斗必烈"）；Solomon(所罗门，古以色列国国王大卫之子，以智慧著称)意译成"诸葛亮"；Spring, the sweet spring, is the year's pleasant king意译为"春，甘美之春，一年之中的尧舜"。

他喜欢喝矿泉水。

他父亲是个巫医。

那位老人不喝烈性酒。

我敬爱的父亲辞世了。

我家老头翘辨了。

千条汉子易共处，两个婆娘难相容。

趁热打铁。

亲身父母。

把他加上，名单上的人就全了。

从历史上看，城市生活始终是文明的一个组成部分。

（读书可以怡情，可以博采，可以长才。

）读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确．The ageless won’t g row old.Y ou sail with your young bride.Love will warm winter cold.Spring will ever abide.鳄鱼的眼泪；假慈悲（意译）连锁反应一石二鸟充耳不闻浑水摸鱼颠倒黑白三思而后行言传不如身教（好事不出门），坏事传千里说比做来得容易Market-oriented economyTo offer timely helpTo drain a pond to catch all the fishMore haste, less speedTo strike while the iron is hot喉结倾盆大雨掌上明珠，宝贝，珍爱之物空中楼阁笑掉大牙大海捞针进退两难，骑虎难下，进退维谷趾高气扬入乡随俗是摊牌的时候了To take advantage of every weaknessA life of luxury and dissipationDiamond cuts diamond.She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth.Is she really good-looking? But beauty is in the eye of the beholder. （音译、加注略）孤注一掷不伦不类以德报怨内奸一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。

2010年北京市专升本英语真题及答案_Word版Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or works from the 4 choices markedA.,B.,C. andD. then you should write the letter in the corresponding space on theAnswer Sheet.1. Well, I would rather your sister ______tomorrow than today.A. will comeB. comesC. cameD. come2. The doctor will not perform the operation _____it is absolutely necessary.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. as3. Michael doesn’t know what to ____at the university; he can’t make up his mind about his future.A. take upB. take overC. take inD. take down4. _____tomorrow’s lessons, I have no time to go out with you.A. Not preparingB. Not to prepareC. Not being preparedD. Not having prepared5. This was the first time_____ I had serious trouble with my boss.A. sinceB. thatC. withD. when6. The students, ______ at the way the questions were put, didn’t know the answers to them.A. surpriseB. surprisingC. having surprisedD. surprised7. All the students finished the test_____ the given time.A. atB. byC. tillD. within8. Children need many things, but ______they need love.A. after allB. above allC. at allD. at best9. Environmental groups intend to _____ the pressure until the government changes the law.A. make upB. pick upC. keep upD. bring up10. It is essential that people _______ enough vitamins every day.A. haveB. hadC. must haveD. will have11. _____ is often the case; we have worked out the production plan.A. AsB. WhichC. WhatD. While12. Clothing made of man-made fibers has certain advantages over _____ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool or silk.A. OneB. thatC. whichD. what13. –I have just had my watch repaired.--How much did they ______you for that?A. costB. ChargeC. spendD. take14. Cares play an important role in modern life, but they _______ also cause many problems like air pollution.A. canB. shouldC. wouldD. need15. He got to the station early _______missing the train.A. instead ofB. in case ofC. for fear ofD. in addition toPart Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 5 reading passages in this part. After reading each passage, you will find some questions or unfinished statements. For each question or statement there are4 choices marked A.,B.,C., and D. You should choose the most appropriate answerand write the letter in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.Questions 16 to 19 are based on the following passage.Buses∙Operating Hours: 6:00 am to 12:00 midnight daily.∙Fares: From SGD 0.90 SGD 1.80 (Exact Fare is required). You can ask the bus driver for the appropriate fare to your destination if you are unsure of how much to pay.MRT∙Operating Hours: 6:00 am to 11:45 pm daily∙Fares: From SGD 0.9 to SGD 3.00. A stored value card, called the ex-link fare-card, can be purchased for SGD 15 at most MRT stations. The ex-link fare-card is also valid for use on public buses.Taxis∙Operating Hours: 24hours.∙Fares: The initial flag-down meter fare is SGD 3.20, which covers the first kilometer. The fare then rises at SGD 0.20 for every 500 meters (up to 10 kilometers) and for every 250meters (after 10 kilometers).SIA Hop-onThe SIA Hop-on is a special tourist bus service that offers passengers unlimited air-conditioned rides around the city and to Sentosa Island Resort. The bus runs through the shopping, dining, cultural, and entertainment areas and stops at major shopping malls, hotels and landmarks. It also covers ethnic districts in Chinatown, Little India and Arab Street. Passengers may hop on and off the bus whenever they want. Buses on the city loop operate daily between 9:00 am and 7:30 pm at 30-minute intervals while the Sentosa shuttle runs from serious stops in town to Sentosa between 10:00 am and 6:00 pm.16. This passage is mainly about _____.A. accommodationB. entertainmentC. telecommunicationD. transportation17. If you miss the bus on the city loop at 9:00 am, you have to wait ___ minutes before you can catch the next one.A. 30B. 35C. 45D. 6018. According to the passage, a total distance of 6 kilometers by taxi will cost you_______.A. SGD 19.2B. SGD 20.8C. SGD 21.2D. SGD 21.619. The SIA Hop-on on the city loop operates daily between _______.A. 6:00 am to 11:45B. 6:00 am to 12:00 midnightC. 9:00 am to 7:30D. 10:00 am to 6:00pmQuestions 20 to 23 are based on the following passage.When I was in my twenties, I drove for a taxi company in Dayton, Ohio, making a small hourly wage. It was the summer of 1966.One afternoon I was sitting at a downtown taxi stand, hoping to get an airport run. Instead, I got a call from the manager, who told me to go to a newsstand and buy a racing form. Then I was to stop and pick up a six-pack of beer, some goldfish food and a box of cigars. He directed me to deliver the goods to an address in a nearby neighborhood.I protested, not wanting to lay out money from my own cash supply, because I was afraid I might not be able to collect the money.The manager told me this man was a regular customer. He assured me that there would be no problem with payment, and said I should get moving or bring the car back in. Since he put it that way, I got moving.The building smelled of tobacco smoke. I knocked on the door and could hear something moving across the floor.Finally the door opened, and there was a disabled man sitting on a small wood platform, looking up me.The man was polite and very grateful for my services. When I set the racing form down on the coffee table, I noticed an open velvet case that looked like a jewelry box. As the man rolled over and reached for some money to pay me, I glanced inside. There was a medal: a Purple Heart from World War 2.Guilt began to creep over me as he paid and gave me a generous tip. The man was a quiet sort of person, obviously not in need of companionship.He had long ago yielded to his condition and to the sacrifice he had made. I made that run many more times in my taxi until I moved on to another job, but I never learned his name and we never became friends despite our regular contact.Unfortunately for me, I would be more than twice the age I was back then before I learned that prejudging people makes you wrong about most things most of the time.20. What did the author do to make a living?A. Delivering goods.B. Driving a taxi.C. Taking people to the airport.D. Working in a store.21. The author did not want to do what the manager told him to because _____.A. he was afraid he could not get the money back.B. he didn’t want to go to such a neighborhood.C. he didn’t know the man he was working for.D. he was waiting for someone from the airport.22. Finally the author went to the man because ______A. The manager would pay himB. The man was a regular customerC. The man was a soldier from World War 2D. The manager would get his taxi back if he didn’t go23. What do we know about the writer after reading this passage?A. He always obeyed his boss.B. He liked to prejudge other people.C. He wanted to make friends with the man.D. He would like to show his respect to heroes.Questions 24 to 27 are based on the following passage.The nation’s unemployment rate is soaring, inching closer to 10 percent with each passing month. And that spells trouble for graduating college seniors, about to compete in the toughest job Market in decades.Blake Taylor, a senior at Catholic University in Washington D.C., expected to be an accountant when she graduates this May. But then her fortunes changed. She had a job offer that was taken back because the company says it’s no longer hiring. “It’s hard; it’s definitely hard,” she said. ”When they told me, I definitely felt like I had the air kicked out of me.”The jobless rate among college graduates has more than doubled from a year ago to 4.3 percent. Almost 2 million college graduates are unemployed and a recent survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers. “They could pretty much demand what they wanted in terms of a job and what they got from an employer. That’s no longer going to be the case.”One place recent graduates can look for work is the U.S. Government. They government has postings for more than 40,000 open positions right now and expects to increase hiring employees straight from college.College senior Peter Donald expects to find a job in government departments soon. But fellow senior Bill Frame is still looking for work. He spent months trying for a job on Wall Street without success, and has now widened his search to other industries. ”This is an every-morning thing for me now. I wake up and check my email and send 20 minutes checking on the different job sites, then usually another half hour to an hour doing applications,” Frame said.“What we say to them is your first job may not be your ideal job and so be more flexible, be more open to taking positions that maybe weren’t on your radar screen originally,” says Dr. Alan Goodman, a career counselor at Catholic University.That’s a message Blake Taylor, at least, has taken to heart. “As doors close, windows open,” she said. “If you can’t go through the front, go through the back. You’ll find a way; you have to find a way.”24. The word “soaring” in Paragraph 1 most probably means ______.A. becoming worseB. rising rapidlyC. remaining unchangedD. improving fast25. The unemployment rate among college graduates is nearly ______.A. 4.3%B. 10%C.22%D. 20%26. Compared with other places, one place graduates can look for work is ______.A. Catholic UniversityB. National AssociationC. The U.S. GovernmentD. Wall Street27. According to the last paragraph, what attitude does Blake Taylor hold towards job hunting?A. Reluctant.B. Indifferent.C. Curious.D. Confident.Questions 28 to 31 are based on the following passage.The typical conversation between Americans takes a form that is quick and witty. No one speaks for very long. Speakers take turns frequently, often after only a few sentences have been spoken. “Watching a conversation between two Americans is like watching a table tennis game,” a German observer said. “Your head goes back and forth and back and forth so fast it makes your neck hurt.”Americans tend to be impatient with people who take long turns. Such people are said to “talk too much.” Many Americans have difficulty paying attention to someone who speaks more than a few sentences at a time, as Nigerians, Arabs, and some others do. Americans value conciseness, or what they call “getting to the point.”Americans engage in little ritual interaction (礼节式的互致问候). Only a few ritual greetings are common:”How are you?”“I’ m fine, thank you,”“Nice to meet you,” and “Hope to see you again.” These things are said in certain situations and are concerned with form rather than with substance. That is, similar questions are supposed to be asked and statements are supposed to be made in particular situations, no matter what the people involved are feelings or what they really have in mind. To many Americans, people who rely heavily on ritual greetings are “too shy” or “too polite,” unwilling to show their true natures and ideas.Americans are generally impatient with long ritual greetings about family members’ health-common among Latin Americans-considering them a waste of time.28. What is the feature of a typical conversation between Americans?A. Concise and direct.B. Long but politeC. Friendly and quickD. Slow but witty.29. By comparing a conversation between two Americans to a table tennis game, the German observer means that _______.A. Americans enjoy talking as well as watching table tennis gamesB. Americans like to take short turns in a conversation.C. Americans get excited easily in a conversationD. Americans talk with great emotion30. Americans _______ when they talk with Arabs.A. pay enough attentionB. May lose their patienceC. speak more than a few sentencesD. will get to the point31. According to this passage, Americans have a low opinion of people who ______.A. do not talk as much as possible.B. do not pay attention to the speaker.C. like to ask about other people’s healthD. bring too many ritual greetings into a conversation.Questions 32 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is common for older people to forget things. Now an American study has found that memory starts to fail when we are young adults. People younger than thirty usually do not know that they are starting to forget information. But scientists from the University of Michigan say the loss of memory usually has already started.Researchers say people do not observe this slow reduction in mental ability until the loss affects their everyday activities.Denise Park is leading the new study. She directs the Center for Aging and Cognition at the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan. Her team has studied more than 350 men and women between the ages of twenty and ninety. The study has identified people in their middle twenties with memory problems.She says young adults do not know that they are forgetting things because theirBut she says that people in their twenties and thirties are losing memory at the same rate as people in their sixties and seventies.Ms. Park says people between the ages of sixty and seventy may note the decrease in their mental abilities. They begin to observe that they are having more trouble remembering and learning new information.The study has found that older adults are more likely to remember false information as being true. For example, they remember false medical claims as being true. Younger people remember hearing the information, but they are more likely to remember that it is false.Ms. Park is now using modern imaging equipment to study what happens in the brains of people of different ages. She is studying what parts of the brain older adults use for different activities compared to younger adults. Ms. Park says mental performance is a direct result of brain activity and brain structure. She says older people should take part in activities that keep their brain active. She hopes that future studies will identify ways to improve the operation of our aging minds.32. The passage is meant to ______.A. introduces effective ways to improve memory.B. emphasize the importance of exercising the brainC. analyze the difference between different age groups in the loss of memoryD. reveals the decrease in mental ability of the young adults as well as the older adults33. According to a recent American study, people start losing their mental ability _____.A. in their early teensB. in their mi-sixtiesC. in their mid-twentiesD. in their early thirties34. With regard to memory reduction, young adults differ from older adults in that______.A. They lose their memory at a slower rateB. Their brains can store much more informationC. They rarely realize they have memory problemsD. They are more likely to remember false information35. It can be inferred from what Denis Park says that _______.A. Mental performance can be improvedB. Mental ability is determined entirely by brain structureC. People of different ages use different parts of the brain for memorizingD. Different parts of the brain are responsible for different mental activitiesPartⅢClozeDirections: There is a passage in this part with 10 blanks in it. Read the passage carefully and then choose the most the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A., B., C.and D. Then you should write the letter in the corresponding space on the AnswerSheet.There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to _36_ their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be __37__ for their own education. Some students do badly in a __38__ classroom. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be __39__ in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules. But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good __40__of open education. For many students it is __41__to have some rules in the classroom. __42__ a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that many teachers do not believe in open education.You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been __43__. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is good idea, but only in theory. In fact, it may not work verywell in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but __44__ not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want and need to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are __45__ to find subjects they have to be interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.36. A. develop B. express C. grow D. remain37. A. liable B. qualified C. responsible D. suitable38. A. normal B. Special C. Traditional D. Virtual39. A. cleverer B. happier C. reluctant D. slower40. A. balance B. peace C. turn D. use41. A. doubtful B. important C. inevitable D. possible42. A. Even B. Only C. Still D. Though43. A. explained B. implied C. neglected D. proved44. A. by the way B. in addition C. of course D. once in a while45. A. disappointed B. frustrated C. inspired D. Pleased Part Ⅳ Word formsDirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in the brackets. Write the word in the correspondingspace on the Answer Sheet.46. It is ______ (legal) for average citizens in china to own a gun.47. Food _____ (short) is no longer a problem in the village as the people there have got a rich harvest this year.48. Please don’t ______ (hesitant) to tell me if you are in trouble.49. Would you please make an ______ (appoint) with the dentist for me by phone?50. After a medical examination, the doctor gave me a ______ (favor) report on my health.51. In the middle of the square stands a Christmas tree ______ (decorate) with colored lights and glass balls.52. The traffic accident resulted from his _____ (care).53. These flowers are extremely ______ (attract) in winter.54. You can communicate with your boss even when you strongly ______ (agree).55. You’ll just have to be ______ (patience) and wait.PartⅤ Translation—English into ChineseDirections: This part is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. There are 5 sentences in this part. Write your translation in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.56. Now you have to come down to earth; it’s high time you got to something practical.57. There is an increasing demand for cars which are more economical on fuel.58. It was the dry season and everything was ready to catch fire.59. We haven’t the resources to do the work ourselves, so we’ll put it out to contract.60. There are still some doubts on the part of the employers.PartⅤ Translation—English into ChineseDirections: This part is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. There are 5 sentences in this part. Write your translation in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.假如你是李明，在黄海大学学习，你的新西兰笔友Nick将于五月来北京旅游，特来信询问有关旅游景点情况。

2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)本试卷共15页，共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

1. What does the man want to be in the future?A. A soldier.B. A lawyer.C. A teacher.2. What does the girl want?A. Sweets.B. Books.C. Pencils.3. When did the two speakers plan to meet Jane?A. At2:00.B. At2:15.C. At2:30.4. what will the woman do tonight?A. Go to the park.B. Play basketball.C. Work at a bookstore.5. what is the woman doing?A. Offering help.B. Asking for information.C. Making an introduction.第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6. Where do the two speakers work?A. At a store.B. At a hotel.C. At a sch ool.7. Where does the woman come from?A. Brazil.B. Australia.C. Singapore.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

2005英译汉Nearly 20 years ago, Amory Lovins first advocated energy efficiency rather than increasing energy supplies, Seen then as a gadfly, he now advises industry and government on the cost benefits of conservation, based on research at his Rocky Mountain Institute. For example, over its lifetime each fluorescent bulb adds 1,000 kilograms less carbon dioxide to the atmosphere than an incandescent bulb and reduces electric bills.差不多20年前，艾默利洛温斯第一次倡导提高能源的使用效率，而不是增加能源供应量。

那时候，他被看成是一只牛虻，很讨厌。

根据他在落基山研究院的的研究，他又给工厂和政府在环境保护的成本效益方面提出了建议。

例如：终其一生，使用荧光灯向空气中排放的二氧化碳要比使用日光灯少近1000千克，并且能减少电费。

2005汉译英多数事情是不能没有朋友而独自享受，但是阅读却是可以的。

当我们独自坐在家中时，我们能漫游世界，并且能够明白成千上万种事情产生的道理。

我们生活在，却能与生活在数千年前的人交谈。

读书能丰富我们的阅历：使我们能体验到别人对生活的感受，哪怕他们生活在千里之外，或数百年前。

Most times, we cannot enjoy something alone but except reading. When we sat home and read alone, we could travel around the world and understand the reasons of tens of thousands of things. We are living in the modern society but we can communicate with people, who lived thousands of years ago. Reading can enrich our experience and help us learn other people’s feeling, even if they lived a thousand miles away, or hundreds of years ago.2006英译汉……which seems to be almost universally understood: intelligence is an excellence of mind that is employed within a fairly narrow, immediate, and predictable range; it is a manipulative, adjustive, unfailingly practical quality-one of the most eminent and endearing of the animal virtues, Intelligence works within the framework of limited but clearly stated goals, and may be quick to shear away questions of thought that do not seem help in reaching them. Finally, it is of such universal use that it can daily be seen at work and admired aike by simple or complex minds.译文：这几乎被普遍接受----大脑的智力利用只局限于非常小的直接的可预测的范围。

2010年首都师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解一、将下列词语译成汉语。

（每题1分，共15分）1. nuclear nonproliferation treaty【答案】不扩散核武器公约2. comfort woman【答案】慰安妇3. cultural industry【答案】文化产业4. open economy【答案】开放型经济5. non-profit organization【答案】非营利性组织6. Interior Ministry【答案】内政部长7. down payment【答案】首付8. IMF【答案】国际货币基金组织9. NATO【答案】北大西洋公约组织10. a stock exchange 【答案】证券交易所11. The State Council 【答案】国务院12. Mount Everest【答案】珠穆朗玛峰13. anti-dumping【答案】反倾销14. breaking news【答案】突发新闻，爆炸新闻15. national census【答案】全国人口普查二、将下列词语译成英语。

（每题1分，共15分）1. 出口配额【答案】export quota2. 贸易逆差【答案】trade deficit3. 财政赤字【答案】financial deficit4. 中国人民政治协商会议【答案】the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)5. 外资企业【答案】foreign-funded enterprises; foreign-invested enterprises6. 人才市场【答案】talent resources market; careers fair7. 珠江三角洲【答案】the Pearl River Delta8. 网络犯罪【答案】network crime; cyber crime9. 易经【答案】The Book of Changes10. 生物恐怖主义【答案】bioterrorism11. 美国参议员【答案】senator12. 联合国教科文组织【答案】United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)13. 万维网【答案】World Wide Web (www.)14. 美国国会【答案】United States Congress15. 女权主义【答案】Feminism三、将下列短文译成汉语。

目　录2012年首都师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年首都师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年首都师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2015年首都师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年首都师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part I. Proofreading and Error Correction (1*10 POINTS, 15 MINUTES)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each numbered line contains ONE error, in which only ONE word is involved. Identify each error and correct it in the following way: copy the wrong word on your ANSWER SHEET and then write down the correct one. Make sure that you write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET!【答案与解析】1．couragement→courage（“勇气”的表达为“courage”。

）2．crops→crop（crop rotation为固定搭配，意思是“作物轮作”。

）3．than→to（superior to为固定搭配，意思是“优于；比……优越”，虽然有比较的意思，但是不能与than搭配。

）4．exist→existence（in existence现有的，为固定搭配。

）5．more→more（easy的比较级为easier，不能用more easier。

）6．the→a（句意：他首先是一个不知疲倦的好作家。

文中并没有提到过关于他是“writer”的其他事情，因此不能用特指。

2010年首都师范大学翻译硕士MTI考研辅导班真题答案解析各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

基础英语·详细解析Part 1: Corrections.The changes in language will continue forever, but no one knows sure who does the changing. One possibility is that Children are responsible. A professor of linguistic at the University of Hawaii explores this in one of his recent books. Sometimes around 1880, a language catastrophe occurred In Hawaii when thousands of immigrant workers were broug to the islands to work for the new sugar industry. These people speaking different languages were unable to communicate with each other or with the native Hawaiians and the dominant English-speaking owners of the plantations. So they first spoke in Pidin English—the sort of thing such mixed language pupulations have always done. A pidgin is not really a language at all. It is more like a set of verbal signals used to name objects but without the grammatical rues needed for expressing thought and ideas. And then, within a single generation, the whole mass of mixed peoples began speaking a totally new tongue: Hawaiian Creole. The new speech was contained ready-made words borrowed from all the original tongues, but borelittle or no resemblance with the predecessors in the rules used to stringing the words together. Although generally regarded as primitive language, Hawaiian Creole had a highly sophisticated grammar.Part 2: Grammar and Vocabulary.01. Recent editions of the Chinese classic Tao Te Ching, based on manuscripts more authoritative than those hitherto available, have rendered previous editions obsolete.句义：中国古典名著《道德经》的最新版是根据手稿完成的，更权威的新版淘汰了旧版。

英语辅导专家贾洪伟⽼师，针对2010年考研英语英译汉部分进⾏分析，2010考研英语英译汉⽂章属环保范畴，摘⾃利奥波德(Aldo Leopold)于1966年在⽜津⼤学出版出版的《沙乡年鉴》(A Sand Country Almanac)中的“⼟地伦理”(The Land Ethics)部分，具体在原书210页。

本题⼲中，出题者也是动过“⼩⼿术”的，⽐如：第⼀段的原⽂是：“One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Wildflowers and songbirds are examples. Of the 22,000 higher plants and animals native to Wisconsin, it is doubtful whether more than 5 per cent can be sold, fed, eaten, or otherwise put to economic use. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community, and if (as I believe) its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance。

”，经过加⼯就变成了“One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community, and if (as I believe) its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance。

[考研类试卷]2010年首都师范大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷一、单项选择题1 Among the following plays, ______is NOT a comedy written by William Shakespeare. （A）A Midsummer Night's Dream（B）The Merchant of Venice（C）As You Like It（D）Macbeth2 "All is not lost, the unconquerable will,/And study of revenge, immoral hate,/And courage never to submit or yield,/And what is else not to be overcome?" are taken from the poem written by______.（A）William Shakespeare（B）John Donne（C）John Milton（D）John Keats3 The novel______launched Daniel Defoe on a new career as a novelist.（A）The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe（B）Captain Singleton（C）Moll Flanders（D）The Life and Adventures of Mr. Duncan Campbell4 Among the following works by William Blake, ______deals with evil, violence and emotion.（A）Song of Innocence（B）Song of Experience（C）The Marriage of Heaven and Hell（D）The Gates of Paradise5 That______is NOT true about William Wordsworth.（A）Wordsworth is one of the Lake Poets（B）he was made poet laureate by British Government in 1843（C）The Prelude can be read as a declaration of Romanticism（D）he believed that poetry "takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility"6 ______tells of the adversity of the orphan Pip that makes him discard his snobbishness. （A）Hard Times（B）A Tale of Two Cities（C）David Copperfield（D）Great Expectations7 Among the following works, ______was written by Emily Bronte.（A）Agnes Grey（B）The Professor（C）Wuthering Heights（D）Jane Eyre8 Virginia Woolf is known as a novelist and critic.______is NOT a novel of hers.（A）Mrs. Dalloway（B）To the Lighthouse（C）The Common Reader（D）The Waves9 ______depicts a picture of society in India under the British Raj, of the clash between East and West, and of the prejudice and misunderstanding.（A）Where Angels Feat to Tread（B）A Room with a View（C）A Passage to India（D）Howard's End10 ______is well known for depicting the absurdity of human conditions in the post-industrial society after World War II in his plays.（A）Samuel Beckett（B）George Bernard Shaw（C）Oscar Wilde（D）William Golding11 Yoknapatawpha County is often used as the background in the novels written by______.（A）William Faulkner（B）Isaac Bashevis Singer（C）Mark Twain（D）Katherine Anne Porter12 ______is NOT written by Toni Morrison.（A）The Bluest Eye（B）Beloved（C）The Color Purple（D）Paradise13 The narrator of The Great Gatsby is ______.（A）Gatsby（B）Nick（C）Daisy（D）Tom14 All the following works are written by Ernest Hemingway EXCEPT______. （A）A Farewell to Arms（B）The Sum Also Rises（C）The Sound and Fury（D）For Whom the Bell Tolls15 T. S. Eliot's______is a precise depiction of the state of culture and society after World War I and an illustration of the spiritual poverty of the West of the time.（A）The Waste Land（B）Four Quartets（C）The Sacred Wood（D）Homage to John Dryden16 All the following novels are written by Henry James EXCEPT______.（A）The American（B）The Portrait of a Lady（C）The Ambassadors（D）Innocents Abroad17 ______is written by Catherine Anne Porter.（A）Flowering Judas（B）A Rose for Emily（C）Everyday Use（D）Song of Solomon18 ______is regarded as "America's Declaration of Intellectual Independence".（A）Nature（B）The Conduct of Life（C）Society and Solitude（D）The American Scholar19 "When it comes, the landscape listens,/ Shadows hold their breath;/ When it goes, 'tis like the distance/ On the look of death. " are taken from Emily Dickinson's poem______. （A）There's Certain Slant of Light（B）Again His Voice Is at the Door（C）Success Is Counted Sweetest（D）I felt a Funeral, in My Brain20 "Where I lived, and What I Lived for" is taken from Thoreau's______.（A）A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers（B）Walden; or, Life in the Woods（C）The Maine Woods（D）Life Without Principle二、名词解释21 free verse22 tall tale23 Lost Generation24 Theatre of the Absurd25 Romanticism三、问答题25 I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o'er vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils,Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.26 Name the author of this poem.(1 point)27 What is the rhyme scheme of the stanza?(1 point)27 His smile was so easy, so friendly, that Laura recovered. What nice eyes he had, small, but such a dark blue! And now she looked at the others, they were smiling too. " Cheer up, we won't bite," their smile seemed to say. How very nice workmen were! And what a beautiful morning! She mustn't mention the morning; she must be business-like. The marquee.28 Name the title of the short story.(1 point)29 Comment on the writing techniques.(1 point)29 For the next eight or ten months, Oliver was the victim of a systematic course of treachery and deception. He was brought up by hand. The hungry and destitute situation of the infant orphan was duly reported by the workhouse authorities to the parish authorities. The parish authorities inquired with dignity of the workhouse authorities, whether there was no female then domiciled in " the house" who was in a situation to impart to Oliver Twist, the consolation and nourishment of which he stood in need. The workhouse authorities replied with humility, that there was not. Upon this, the parish authorities magnanimously and humanely resolved, that Oliver should be "farmed" or, in other words, that he should be dispatched to a branch-workhouse some three miles off, where twenty or thirty other juvenile offenders against the poor-laws, rolled about the floor all day, without the inconvenience of too much food or too much clothing, under the parental superintendence of an elderly female, who received the culprits at and for the consideration of sevenpence-halfpenny per small head per week. Sevenpence-halfpenny's worth per week is a good round diet for a child; a great deal may be got for sevenpence-halfpenny, quite enough to overload its stomach, and make it uncomfortable. The elderlyfemale was a woman of wisdom and experience; she knew what was food for children; and she had a very accurate perception of what was good for herself. So, she appropriated the greater part of the weekly stipend to her own use, and consigned the rising parochial generation to even a shorter allowance than was originally provided for them. Thereby finding in the lowest depth a deeper still; and proving herself a very great experimental philosopher.30 What is the title of the novel?(1 point)31 What is the effect of the irony used in the excerpt?(1 point)31 We were all at the hospital every afternoon, and there were different ways of walking across the town through the dusk to the hospital. Two of the ways were alongside canals, but they were long. Always, though, you crossed a bridge across a canal to enter the hospital. There was a choice of three bridges. On one of them a woman sold roasted chestnuts. It was warm, standing in front of her charcoal fire, and the chestnuts were warm afterward in your pocket. The hospital was very old and very beautiful, and you entered through a gate and walked across a courtyard and out a gate on the other side. There were usually funerals starting from the courtyard. Beyond the old hospital were the new brick pavilions, and there we met every afternoon and were all very polite and interested in what was the matter, and sat in the machines that were to make so much difference.32 Identify the author of the short story.(1 point)33 What is the theme of the short story?(1 point)33 There was music from my neighbor's house through the summer night. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam. On weekends his Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops and scrubbing-brushes and hammers and garden - shears, repairing the ravages of the night before.34 From which novel is this excerpt taken?(1 point)35 What is the theme of the novel?(1 point)四、评论题36 Comment on the following excerpt and write a 100-word essay on it.(10 points) From Ralph Waldo Emerson's The American ScholarBooks are the best of things, well used; abused, among the worst. What is the right use? What is the one end, which all means go to effect? They are for nothing but to inspire. I had better never see a book than to be warped by its attraction clean out of my own orbit, and made a satellite instead of a system. The one thing in the world of value is the active soul—the soul, free, sovereign, active. This every man is entitled to; this every man contains within him, although, in almost all men, obstructed, and as yet unborn. The soul active sees absolute truth; and utters truth, or creates. In this action, it is genius; not the privilege of here and there a favorite, but the sound estate of every man. In its essence, it is progressive. The book, the college, the school of art, the institution of any kind, stop with some past utterance of genius. This is good, say they,—let us hold by this. They pin me down. They look backward and not forward. But genius looks forward. The eyes of man are set in his forehead, not in his hindhead. Man hopes, genius creates. To create,—to create, —is the proof of a divine presence. Whatever talents may be if the man create not, the pure efflux of the Deity is not his;—cinders and smoke there may be, but not yet flame. There are creative manners, there are creative actions, and creative words; manners, actions, words, that is, indicative of no custom or authority, but springing spontaneous from the mind's own sense of good and fair.On the other part, instead of being its own seer, let it receive from another mind its truth, though it were in torrents of light, without periods of solitude, inquest, and self-recovery, and a fatal disservice is done. Genius is always sufficiently the enemy of genius by over influence. The literature of every nation bear me witness. The English dramatic poets have Shakspearized now for two hundred years.Undoubtedly there is a right way of reading, so it be sternly subordinated. Man Thinking must not be subdued by his instruments. Books are for the scholar's idle times. When he can read God directly, the hour is too precious to be wasted in other men's transcripts of their readings. But when the intervals of darkness come, as come they must,—when the sun is hid, and the stars withdraw their shining,—we repair to the lamps which were kindled by their way, to guide our steps to the East again, where the dawn is. We hear, that we may speak. The Arabian proverb says, "A fig tree, looking on a fig tree, becometh fruitful. "。

2010年北京外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解I. Translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points, 1 point each)1. UNESCO【答案】联合国教科文组织2. NASA【答案】美国国家航天航空局3. Diet of Japan【答案】日本国国会4. FDI【答案】国际牙科联合会；外国直接投资5. CCTV （not 中国中央电视台）【答案】闭路电视6. FBI【答案】美国联邦调查局7. GM crop【答案】转基因作物8. IAEA【答案】国际原子能组织9. opportunity cost【答案】机会成本10. Keynesians【答案】凯恩斯学派11. the Tories【答案】英国保守党12. the State Department in Washington 【答案】位于华盛顿的美国国务院13. the Treasury Department of the U.S. 【答案】美国财政部14. protectionism【答案】保护主义15. Balance of Payments【答案】国际收支平衡表II. Translate the following terms into English. (15 points, 1 point each) 1. 中国特色的社会主义【答案】Socialism with Chinese characteristics2. 科学发展观【答案】the Scientific Outlook on Development3. 全面建设小康社会【答案】building a moderately prosperous society in all respects4. 以人为本【答案】people-oriented5. 宏观经济调控【答案】macroeconomic regulation6. 自主创新能力【答案】independent innovation capability7. 完善人民币汇率形成机制【答案】strengthen the mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate8. 中西医并重【答案】place importance on both Chinese and western medicine9. 突发事件应急管理机制【答案】regulation system for public emergencies10. 港人治港【答案】Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong11. 构建两岸关系和平发展框架【答案】build up a framework for the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations12. 知足常乐【答案】A contented mind is a perpetual feast13. 水火无情【答案】Fire and water have no mercy14. 祸从口出【答案】A man may dig his grave with his teeth15. 一蹶不振【答案】reach the excess of failure from which he never rose againIII. Translate the following passages into Chinese. (60 points)1. Acting recently as an expert witness in a murder trial, I became aware of a small legal problem caused by the increasingly multicultural nature of our society. According to English law, a man is guilty of murder if he kills someone with the intention either to kill or to injure seriously. But he is guilty of the lesser crime of manslaughter if he has been sufficiently provoked or if his state of mind at the time was abnormal enough to reduce his responsibility. The legal test here is a comparison with the supposedly ordinary man—the man on the Clapham omnibus, as the legal cliché has it. Would that ordinary person feel provoked under similar circumstances? Was the accused’s state of mind at the time of the killing very different from that of an average man?【参考译文】最近，我在一个谋杀案的审讯中作为专业证人出庭。

2010年北京外国语大学英语翻译基础真题答案I. 1.UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization 联合国教育、科学与文化组织(简称教科文组织)2. NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (美国)国家航空和航天局3. Diet of Japan: 日本国会，国家最高权力机关，国家唯一的立法机关。

国会由众议院和参议院构成，国会议员可兼任内阁阁员，首相亦由该国会推选。

4. FDI: foreign direct investment 对外直接投资5. CCTV:closed-circuit television 闭路电视; 中国中央电视台（China Central Television）6. FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigation (美国)联邦调查局，世界著名的美国最重要的情报机构之一，隶属于美国司法部，“FBI”还代表着该局坚持贯彻的信条——忠诚Fidelity，勇敢Bravery和正直Integrity。

7. GM crop：General Motors Corporation通用汽车公司成立于1908年9月16日，先后联合或兼并了别克、凯迪拉克、雪佛兰、奥兹莫比尔、庞蒂克、克尔维特、悍马等公司，从1927年以来一直是全世界最大的汽车公司之一。

8. IAEA：国际原子能机构（International Atomic Energy Agency）是一个同联合国建立关系，并由世界各国政府在原子能领域进行科学技术合作的机构。

9. opportunity cost 机会成本，一种资源(如资金或劳力等)用于本项目而放弃用于其他机会时，所可能损失的利益。

10. Keynesians凯恩斯主义拥护者，根据凯恩斯的著作《就业、利息和货币通论》的思想基础上的经济理论，主张国家采用扩张性的经济政策，通过增加需求促进经济增长。