定语从句考情分析

高考英语定语从句与同位语从句分析在高考英语中，定语从句和同位语从句是两个重要且常考的语法点。

理解和掌握这两种从句的特点和用法，对于提升英语成绩至关重要。

定语从句，顾名思义，是在句子中充当定语成分，用来修饰先行词。

先行词通常是名词或代词。

定语从句通过关系词与先行词相连，关系词包括关系代词（如 that, which, who, whom, whose）和关系副词（如when, where, why）。

比如说，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，先行词是“book”，关系词是“that”，在从句中充当宾语。

这个定语从句修饰先行词“book”，说明了是“我昨天买的那本书”。

再看一个例子，“The city where I was born is very beautiful” 这里的“where I was born”是定语从句，先行词是“city”，关系词是“where”，在从句中充当地点状语，表示“我出生的那个城市”。

定语从句在使用时有一些需要注意的地方。

关系代词 that 和 which在很多情况下可以互换，但在先行词是不定代词（如 something, anything, nothing 等）、先行词被最高级或序数词修饰、先行词既有人又有物等情况下，通常只能用 that。

另外，关系代词 whose 在从句中作定语，表示“……的”。

接下来，我们来看看同位语从句。

同位语从句是用来解释说明先行词的具体内容的，先行词通常是抽象名词，如 idea, fact, news, belief, hope, thought 等。

同位语从句常用的引导词有 that, whether, 连接代词what, who 等，连接副词 when, where, why, how 等。

第1讲定语从句[全国卷考情分析]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·石家庄检测一)A new teacher will teach you German will come here tomorrow.who[考查定语从句。

从结构上看，空处是关系代词，修饰先行词A new teacher，指人，并且在从句中作主语，所以要用who。

]2．(2019·重庆第一次调研)The park offers visitors a sight of nature at majorities of people never have the chance to take a look.which[考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，该句中的“The park offers visitors a sight of nature”是主句，“at majorities...a look”是定语从句，空处在定语从句中作at的宾语，代指a sight of nature，故填which。

]3．(2019·江西五校第一次联考)The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment.that/which[考查定语从句。

that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词genetic material。

]Ⅱ.单句改错4．(2019·安徽师大附中测试)He thanked me and jumped quickly in his car and drove off，keeping the disabled parking space free for someone needed it.someone后加who[考查定语从句。

定语从句考点分析考点一、引导词限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别分类项目三要素做主语的引导词做宾语的引导词作定语的引导词做时间状语的引导词做原因状语的引导词做地点状语的限制性定语从句先行词，引导词，从句that, which,who, asthat，whom/who,whichaswhose,ofwhich/whomwhenwhywhere非限制性定语从句先行词，引导词，从句which, who ，aswhom/who,whichaswhose,ofwhich/whomwhenwhywhere考点分析引导词始终是高考必考的焦点。

that 不可以引导非限制性定语从句。

在限制性定语从句中，引导词作宾语时可以省略，但其前面被介词修饰时不可以。

从句中的介词提到引导词前时，指人只能用 whom，指物只能用 which 。

which 可代替主句一句话所说的内容，引导非限制性定语从句表示主句造成的结果，在限制性定语从句中，先行词被 such,as, so, the same 修饰时，用 as 引导；在非限制性定语从句中， as 意为“正如”，只有 as 代替主句一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句可放置主句句首。

做前置定语做后置定语当先行词为表示时间的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。

当先行词为表示原因的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。

当先行词为表示地点的名词，且从句中经典定语从句背诵：1. Yesterday she sold her car, which she bought a month ago.2. All the neighbors admire this family, where the parents are treating their child like a friend.3. The Science Museum, which we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.4. They will fly to Washington, where they plan to stay for two or three days.5.The road conditions there turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expected.6. As is well known, paper was first invented by the Chinese. Allen came late to the class again, which made the teacher angry.7. Is this the school where you studied 3 years ago? Is this school the one you visited 3 days ago?8. We will never forget the days (that) we spent together. We will never forget the days when we worked together.9. Occasions are quite rare, when I have time to spend a day with my kids.10. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, above which appeared a rainbow soon.11. We are having our English class in the classroom whose doors face north. We are having our English class in the classroom the doors of which face north. 12. His plan was such a good one as we all agreed to accept.13. We are just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk. 14. The Beatles, as many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.15. That is the most exciting moment, one (that) I will never forget. (使用定语从句，必须有 先行词， 本句中虽然有先行词，但 that 不可以引导非限制性定语从句，所以 that 前加one 做 moment 的同位语)考点二、介词与关系代词连用作介词与关系代词连用的习题时，要看两点：一看先行词前需要什么介词，二看定 语从句的谓语动词后需要什么介词。

高考英语定语从句特殊情况下用法讲解一、考点分析定语从句的介词加关系代词的用法是定居从句中的重难点，在题型上主要在语法填空和翻译句子中考到。

二、专题详解A、定语从句中只能用that 引导的情况1．当先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one等词时。

Everything that he said was true.2.当先行词被the very（恰恰，正好）, the only，any，few，little，no，all修饰时。

This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.The only thing that is constant is change.There was little that we could do to help her.3．当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the best that has been used against pollution.This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen.4. 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.What is the first American film that you have seen?5．当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。

Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6．当先行词既有人又有物时。

2020年高考高考语法考点讲解与真题分析06定语从句（一）在主句中作定语的句子叫定语从句。

定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。

考点一定语从句关系词的选择定语从句关系词的选择是定语从句的重点和难点。

关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。

关系词的选择可从两个方面入手：一是关系词在从句中所作的成分；二是先行词所指。

关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语时，用关系代词；关系词在从句中作状语时，用关系副词。

先行词指人时，关系代词用who, whom, that, whose；先行词指物时，关系代词用which, that, whose。

详见下表：1.关系代词who, whom, which, that引导定语从句关系代词who, whom, which, that在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。

1. The little problems _______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. （2017北京）A.thatB. asC. whereD. when【答案】A【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The little problems may be inspirations for great inventions，从句是_______ we meet in our daily lives。

从句修饰主句中的problem，是定语从句；关系词在从句中作meet的宾语，应用关系代词，故用that。

2．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. （2014安徽）A. WhenB. whereC. whyD. which【答案】D【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The exact year was 2008，从句是_______ Angela and her family spenttogether in China。

初中英语语法之及定语从句相关考点分析讲义一、特殊结构的定语从句除了限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句外，还有一些其他形式的定语从句。

定语从句在实际运用过程中，具有较强的灵活性，因此其结构也较为复杂，现将常见的特殊结构的定语从句，归纳分析如下:1.嵌入式定语从句:He is the only person who we expect will win.他是唯一我们希望会获胜的人。

She had a book which she believed was bought by her father at a dear price.她有一本父亲送她的书，她相信是父亲花了大价钱专门买来送她的。

“嵌入式”，相当于在定语从句前加了一个“主谓句”(位首在关系词之后)，让定语从句作其宾语。

例句中，who will win 作了we expect 的室语从句。

which was bought by her father at a dear price 作she believed的室语从句。

“嵌入式”实际就是在一个定语从句前，又加了一个插入成分，让定语从句作其宾语。

常见的嵌入语有:I think/believe/guess/expect以及I am sure,they say 等。

所以，有人也叫“插入成分”。

2.并列式定语从句:Paris is a good place where art is so popular and which many people appreciate巴黎是一个艺术非常受欢迎的好地方，也是许多人赞赏的好地方。

find it hard to leave the land where !have lived for 30 years and where there are sweet memories of my childhood.我发现很难离开这片土地，我在那里生活了30年，而且在那里有我甜美的童年记忆。

定语从句要点、考点一。

定义：修饰名词或者代词的从句叫做定语从句。

被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词；定语从句的引导词叫关系词（关系代词&关系副词）；二．分类：定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句（前有逗号隔开）三．引导词：引导定语从句的关系代词有：that which who whom whose as；关系副词有：when where why四．结构：……先行词（名词、代词充当）+关系代/副词（做从句的句子成分）+从句其他判断下列各句是否含有定语从句：１. I’m sure that your dreams will come true.2. This is the book that I’m looking for.3. She was so surprised that she couldn’t move.4. Do you know who the teacher is talking to?5. We are going to see the little girl whose motheris seriously ill in hospital.6. He is not the man that he was.7. He told me that he would leave for Beijing.8. Just try and you’ll see you can do it.五．定语从句的考点：（一）考查先行词Is this book you are looking for？Is this the book you are looking for？A．that B。

the one C。

what D。

when（二）考查从句主谓一致1．Anyone who （want）to have a holiday puts up your hand.2．Those who （want）to have a holiday put up your hand.3．This is one of the students who （have）passed the exam.4．This is the only one of the students who（have）passed the exam.（三）考查介词+关系代词类定语从句中介词的选择a. 介词之后的关系代词只能用which（先行词为物）或者是whom（先行词为人）b. 介词的选择方法有三个原则：一“先”二“动”三“意义”I lost my pen, which I took notes.This is the house which he lives.The gas is oxygen which we can’t live.1．She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction had taken more than three years。