八上目标检测答案正
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人教新目标八年级上册英语Unit4检测试题及答案处在八年级的你,到了英语单元考试还不知道怎样复习的吗?是这样的话,那不妨和店铺一起来做份人教新目标八年级上册英语Unit 4检测试题,来热热身,希望对各位有帮助!人教新目标八年级上册英语Unit 4检测试题一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. I often go to the movie t to watch movies on weekends.2. The park is very c to my home, so my parents often take a walk there after supper.3. The (屏幕)of the computer is too bright. It’s bad for your eyes.4. The air in the mountains is (清新的)and clean.5. —Which coat would you like to (挑选), the red one or the yellow one?—Neither. I don’t like the style.6. Mo Yan won the 2012 Nobel P in Literature(文学).7. It’s true that parents play an important r in children’s lives.8. He doesn’t have any money. He is p.9. Can you give me an (范例)of how to improve speaking skills?10. There are too many people in the subway. It’s really (拥挤的).二、单项填空11. He got up than his sister did.A. earlyB. earlierC. lateD. last12. The party was a great . We all had a good time.A. dreamB. successC. problemD. competition13. —How does your father go to work?—On foot. Our house is his office.A. far fromB. different fromC. the same asD. close to14. You are now, T om. So you should wash your clothes by yourself.A. young enoughB. enough oldC. old enoughD. enough young15. It’s lucky of you to buy the same ticket at a price.A. higherB. lowerC. more expensiveD. cheaper16. He wrote the new word many times, but he couldn’t remember it.A. everB. neverC. stillD. yet17. —What bad weather!—Yes. The radio says it will be even later on.A. badB. badlyC. worseD. worst18. In our class, Jenny is the . She always makes everybody laugh.A. tallestB. youngestC. quietestD. funniest19. Can you finish the work with money and people?A. fewer; fewerB. less; lessC. fewer; lessD. less; fewer20. Could I ask you questions your service?A. some; aboutB. any; aboutC. any; onD. some; with三、完形填空My parents took me to Japan when I was little. I lived there for five y ears. 21 I came back, my Japanese was very good. “Can I do something useful with my Japanese?” I asked myself.Then, one day last spring, I got a good opportunity(机会).Everyone was afraid of SARS, so I stayed at home with 22 to do.My father brought me a J apanese book. “Why don’t youtranslate(翻译) it into Chinese? It will be better than 23 computer games all day.”I promised (许诺) to do 2,000 words each day. But 24 I found it was hard to keep the promise.One day in May, the weather was beautiful. But I couldn’t go out. Those 2,000 words were still 25 me.After translating only three pages, I already lost interest in the book.I looked at it for a long time. But I couldn’t make myself turn the pages. How I 26 I could just go outside and play football with my friends!I counted the words again and again. I just wanted to give up.I felt as if two people were fighting 27 my mind. One said, “Don’t give up! Keep working hard, and you’ll do well!” But then the other one said, “Go and play! It will be more 28 th an translating. Do your work tomorrow. ”I stood up and would 29 the computer.But then I remembered 30 my parents had told me, “Whatever you do, don’t stop halfway.” So I sat down and went on with it.21. A. Because B. Until C. Since D. When22. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything23. A. be played B. playing C. played D. plays24. A. just then B. right now C. soon D. suddenly25. A. talking to B. looking at C. smiling at D. waiting for26. A. thought B. felt C. wished D. decided27. A. in B. with C. about D. for28. A. fun B. important C. useful D. dangerous29. A. turn on B. turn off C. open D. close30. A. how B. where C. which D. what四、阅读理解AJune came and the hottest month of the year began. A lot of travelers came to the city by the sea. All of the hotels were full except Mr. Johnson’s. The prices of all the rooms were the lowest in the city but few people stayed there. The fire(火灾)broke out three times in a year and four travelers died in the accidents. Most workers left there and found jobs in the other hotels. Mr. Johnson had to do most work himself.It was eleven o’clock. Most rooms were still empty. Mr. Johnson worked for the whole day and was very tired. He went to close the gate when a young man came in, with a big bag in his hand.“What can I do for you, sir?” asked Mr. Johnson.“The cheapest room in your hotel.”“OK,” said Mr. Johnson, “but it’s on the top floor.”“It doesn’t matter. I think you have a lift in your hotel.”“Of course, sir,” said the manager. “It’ll take you right t here. By the way, may I keep your bag for you?”“No, thanks. There’s nothing expensive in it but a long rope.”“Oh? What do you bring it with you for?”“I’m afraid another fire will happen in your hotel. If it does, I’ll throw the rope out of the window so that I’ll be able to escape from(逃脱)it.”“Yes?” Mr. Johnson said in surprise. “So you have to pay for the bill before you go to your room.”31. Most workers left the hotel because ______.A. Mr. Johnson paid them lessB. it was dangerous to work for Mr. JohnsonC. some travelers stayed thereD. it was too hot there in summer32. ______, so most rooms were empty.A. The travelers preferred to stay outsideB. The travelers went out for supperC. A few travelers died in Mr. Johnson’s hotelD. Mr. Johnson was bad to the travelers33. The young man went in the hotel to ______.A. put his bag thereB. look for somethingC. talk to Mr. JohnsonD. stay for night34. The young man took a long rope with him so that ______.A. he could easily leave the hotel if it was on fireB. he could pay nothing for the roomC. he could go to work early the next morningD. he could hold something35. Mr. Johnson asked the young man to pay because he was afraid ______.A. the young man could hurt himB. the young man could take something awayC. the young man could leave without paying any moneyD. his hotel would be on fire againBThe old name for films was “moving pictures”. In America they still call them “movies” and they say “Shall we go to the movies?” when we say “Shall we go to the cinema?”A boy once said to his friend, “Do you like moving pictures?” His friend thought that he was going to invite him to go to the cinema, so he said, “Yes, please. I like moving pictures very much.”“Good,” said the boy, “my father has a pictu re shop. He sells pictures. This evening I must move pictures from one room to another. You like moving pictures, so I think you will enjoy moving pictures for me.”根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F)( )36. In old times people called films “moving pictures”.( )37. When they ask their friends to go to see a film with them, the American people will say, “Shall we go to the cinema?”( )38. Once a boy asked his friend to move some heavy boxes of pictures from one room to another for him.( )39. His friend liked pictures very much.( )40. His friend didn’t understand him when he asked, “Do you like moving pictures?”五、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空(每小题1分,满分5分)41. Let’s go to Danny’s. The food there is (cheap) than any other place in town.42. The radio station Oldies 102.1FM is pretty bad. It’s (bad) than All Talk 970AM.43. He is (quiet) boy in my class. He almost never talks.44. My dog is (friendly ) than yours.45. The (love) girl is planning to go shopping.46. Linda is the (win)of the English speech contest.47. I think Li Yundi is a (talent)piano player.48. Lots of (perform)from different places around China took part in the talent show.49. There are all (kind)of vegetables and fruit in the shop.50. I can hear birds singing(beautiful)while walking through the park.六、书面表达育才中学八年级(3)班的同学对学校周围的三家饭店做了调查,以下是他们的调查结果。
八年级英语上学期目标教学检测题Unit 2 Topic 3(检测时间:45分钟满分100分)Class: Name: Marks:I.用所给词的适当形式填空。
(10 分)1. Children, help (you) to the fish.2. He answered the question (easy).3. You shouldn’t go to (crowd ) places.4. We should do our (good) to fight SARS.5. My mother is always busy (do) some housework.II.单项选择。
(15分)( ) 1. Kangkang taught on the Internet.A. himB. himselfC. hisD. he( ) 2. I hate milk.A. drinkB. drinksC. drinkingD. drank ( ) 3. I two hours in cooking the dinner last night.A. paidB. spentC. tookD. cost ( ) 4. I about it you told me.A. knows, untilB. didn’t know, untilC. didn’t know, afterD. knew, after( ) 5. —I’m sure I’ve got a bad cold.—Take the medicine, and you’ll feel .A. healthyB. wellC. bestD. much better ( ) 6. She had to change her mind, she?A. didB. didn’tC. hadn’tD. hasn’t ( ) 7. I have to buy the flowers my mother.A. enough money, atB. money enough, inC. enough money, forD. money enough, to( ) 8. —do you clean the classroom?— Three times a day.A. How longB. How oftenC. How soonD. how many ( ) 9. This kind of diseases spreads easily______ people.A. nearB. betweenC. amongD. in( ) 10. We should take ______ active part in the battle to stop the germs.A. aB. anC. theD. /III.完形填空。
八年级英语上学期目标教学检测题(1)Unit 1 Topic 1(检测时间:45分钟满分100分)Class: Name: Marks:Ⅰ.单项选择。
(15分)( ) 1. —Would you like us?—I’d like to.A. to joinsB. to joinC. to take part inD. take part in ( ) 2. How much does he on the new computer?A. payB. spendC. takeD. cost ( ) 3. Mike prefers to .A. to swim; skatingB. swimming; skatingC. to swim; skateD. swimming; skate( ) 4. I see him basketball almost every day.A. playsB. to playC. playD. playing ( ) 5. —do you play sports?— Three times a week.A. How longB. How soonC. How oftenD. How many ( ) 6. Ann spends one hour in the gym every day.A. at leastB. at lastC. for leastD. for last ( ) 7. Tom Japan for a summer holiday.A. leaveB. will leaveC. is leaving forD. left for ( ) 8. Yao Ming is playing basketball the Houston Rockets the NBA.A. in; inB. in; forC. for; forD. for; in ( ) 9. What can you see in the sky?A. elseB. othersC. anythingD. something ( ) 10. The police stayed at home only yesterday.A. half a hourB. half hourC. a half hourD. half an hour ( ) 11. I really enjoy friends with you.A. to makeB. madeC. makingD. to making ( ) 12. I arrived home at 11 o’clock last night.A. toB. atC. inD. /( ) 13. There an English movie tomorrow.A. will haveB. is going to beC. is going to haveD. will has ( ) 14. Doing exercise can us healthy.A. makesB. to makeC. makingD. make( ) 15. Kangkang is good running. He thinks it is good his health.A. for; atB. at; forC. at; toD. for; toⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示,补全单词。
人教版英语精品资料(精修版)新目标英语八上Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show单元重点短语(包括词汇表中的短语、话题及文本中常用短语)英语汉语英语汉语want to do sth.想做……mind doing sth. 介意做某事hope to do sth.希望做……can’t stand doing sth. 不能忍受做某事expect to do sth.期待做……find out 找出,查明plan to do sth.计划做……think of 认为,想起join sb(in sth.)参加某人的……dress up 打扮talk show脱口秀do a good job 干得好soap opera肥皂剧play Mulan’s role well 扮演木兰演得好scary movie恐怖电影see something enjoyable 看令人高兴的东西action movie动作电影have a discussion aboutTV shows 对电视节目进行讨论come out出版,发行,(花)开,(太阳等)出来take her father’s place tofight in the army代替父亲的位置去参军打仗be ready to do something 愿意迅速做某事,准备做某事show her love for herfamily, friends andcountry向家人,朋友和国家显示了她的爱try one’s best to do something 尽最大努力做…… a great way to relax 一个放松的好方法a symbol of Chineseculture中国文化的象征be famous for 因为……而出名another cartoon character 另一个卡通形象in the 1930s 在二十世纪三十年代one of the mainreasons最主要的原因之一over 80 years ago 80多年前first appear in the cartoon 第一次出现在卡通中most of the movies onright now大多数正在上演的电影the first cartoon with sound and music 第一部有声配乐卡通the black mouse withtwo large round ears这只有着大而圆的耳朵的黑老鼠one very famous symbol in American culture 美国文化中一个非常著名的象征became very rich andsuccessful变得富裕而成功单元重点句子(8—10句。
新目标八年级上英语1-5单元检测(100分)一、单项选择(15分)()1.—How often does your sister surf the internet?—About .A. three timeB. three timesC. three time every dayD. three times a day()2. —When is your father going to Hong Kong?—He is going there July 28th.A. onB. atC. inD. to()3. Thank you for me find my little cat yesterday.A. helpB. helpsC. helpedD. helping()4.Are you good at ?A. swimB. swimmingC. to swimD. swam()5. —Could I please use your computer?—.A. Yes, I can.B. Yes, you can’tC. Sorry, you can’tD. No, I can’t.()6. —does it take you to watch TV?—About forty minutes.A. How longB. How muchC. How oftenD. How many()7. I am very because I don’t like exercise.A. healthB. healthyC. healthilyD. unhealthy()8. Judy a stomachache, so she eat anything for twenty-four hours.A. has; shouldB. have; shouldC. has; shouldn’tD. have; shouldn’t()9. My friend likes singing and talking with others. But I often stay at home to watch TV. So my friend is than me.A. seriouserB. more seriousC. calmerD. more outgoing()10. —How does he get to work? —He a bike.—How long does it him to get from home to the office?—It him 20 minutes.A. rides; takes; takesB. rides; take; takesC. ride; takes; takesD. ride; take; takes()11. Does Babara go to work bus or foot?A. to; byB. with; onC. by; onD. on; on()12. My birthday is in .A. TuesdayB. AprilC. March 3rdD. Monday()13. —are you staying in Ottawa? —For two weeks.A. How longB. How manyC. How oftenD. How much()14. I’m short, so I want to be .A. heavierB. largerC. tallerD. bigger()15. When it rains, I a taxi.A. takeB. rideC. byD. sit二、完形填空(15分):Some people in Britain or America like to _1___ friends to dinner at home . But this is more common in America than in Britain .Don’t worry ___2__your English friends don’t invite you home .It doesn’t mean that they ___3_ you.When you are invited to dinner ,__4__ your friends what time you should ___5__. It is a good idea to ___6_ a small present when you arrive ,and it is __7__ to say how much you like the house ,___8___ the room ,or the pictures in the room .But don’t ask ___9__these things are .In this way both you and your friends __10__ have a good time .()1.A. see B. have C. invite D. make()2. A. what B where C.who D. if()3. A. don’t like B unlikes C. like D. dones’t like()4. A. know B ask C. call D.learn()5. A. arrive at B get to C. arrive D. arrive in()6. A. show B take C. buy D. lend()7. A. friendly B worried C.sad D. afraid()8. A. or B and C. but D. so()9. A. how many B how much C. how long D. how far()10. A. won’t B will C. should D. should’t三、阅读理解(15分,):A、B篇要求阅读短文选择正确答案(A) 篇Bruno was a boy of eight. His father worked in a cinema and his mother worked in a shop. He lived not far from his school. He always walked there and walked home. On his way to school, he had to pass a playground. It was very wet after it rained. One day, when he got home, his clothes were all wet. His mother became angry(生气的)and said, “Don’t play in the water on your way home from school!”On the next day Bruno came home with wet and dirty(脏的)clothes. His mother became even angrier. “I’ll tell your father if you come back wet again,” said his mother. “He’ll punish(惩罚)You, you know.”The third day the little boy was dry when he came home.“You’re a good boy today”, his mother said happily. “You didn’t play in the water.”“No,” the boy said unhappily. “There were too many older boys in the water when I got there this afternoon. There wasn’t any room(空地方)for me at all!”根据文章内容选择正确答案()1.Bruno went to school every day.A. by bikeB. by busC. by carD. on foot()2.The playground was between(在……之间) 。
八年级英语上学期目标教学检测题(5)Unit 2 Topic 2(检测时间:45分钟满分100分)Class: Name: Marks:I.用所给词的适当形式填空。
(10分)1.(stay) up late is bad for your health.2.I read an article about (smoke) in Ren’ai English Post.3.My father should give up (drink) coffee at night.4.Don’t (throw) litter about.5.The baby is keeping (cry), can you stop him?II.单项选择。
(15分)( ) 1. The little boy is to go to school.A. big enoughB. old enoughC. enough bigD. enough old( ) 2. The good news made me .A. happyB. happilyC. to be happyD. to be happily( ) 3. I must ask my father to give up .A. smokeB. to smokeC. smokesD. smoking( ) 4. Going to school breakfast is bad your health.A. with, forB. without, forC. with, atD. without, at( ) 5. Please put on your coat. It will keep you .A. be warmlyB. be warmC. warmlyD. warm( ) 6. — May I watch TV after dinner, mom?— No, you . But you finish your homework first.A. mustn’t, canB. must, can’tC. can’t, mustD. can’t, mustn’t( ) 7. we know, food gives us energy.A. OfB. ForC. LikeD. As( ) 8. is important us to learn English well.A. This, forB. It, forC. That, toD. We, to( ) 9. There are than 50 students in our class.A. moreB. manyC. muchD. over( ) 10. —Hi. May I ask you some questions, Mr. Green?—______A. Yes, you may.B. Yeah, go ahead.C. Yes, you can’t.D. No, you can.III.完形填空。
2021-2022学年度第一学期期末教学目标检测八年级 (英语)一、完形填空1.I'm thinking about what I'm going to do this summer. Maybe I'll get a job. If I(1)________a job, I'll have enough money to buy some new things. I'd like to have some new dresses(2)________I start school again in September. I can also buy some books or some music CDs. I really love jazz(爵士乐). I could buy some more CDs(3)________my jazz collection. Or I can use the money to pay for tennis lessons. I can play tennis well, but I'd like to learn to play it much(4)________. Or maybe I can use the money to pay for the piano lessons. I'd like to learn to play(5)________piano, too.If I don't get a job this summer, I'll visit my(6)________in San Francisco. They live in a beautiful old house near the sea. That will be fun. My grandparents are(7)________very nice to me. They will let me sleep late. I(8)________have to get up until 10 o'clock every day. I'll eat delicious food because my grandmother is an excellent cook.(9)________always cooks my favorite food. I'll also go to the beach with my grandparents. I like swimming in the sea. My grandparents like(10)________to museums but I don't enjoy it so much, so maybe I'll stay at home to watch TV.(1)A will getB gotC getD gets(2)A soB beforeC untilD if(3)A forB toC atD of(4)A goodB wellC betterD best(5)A aB anC theD /(6)A grandparentB grandparentsC grandparent'sD grandparents'(7)A alwaysB sometimesC hardlyD never(8)A willB won'tC doD don't(9)A HerB HersC HerselfD She(10)A goB wentC goesD to go2.It was a sunny Saturday afternoon in Oklahoma City. My friend Bobby Lewis took his two little boys to an amusement park. He walked up to the counter and asked the man who was selling tickets, "How much should I(1)________to get in?""Three dollars for you and three dollars for any kid older than six," the young man replied. "We will let them in for free if they are six or(2)________. How old are they?"Bobby replied, "one is three and the other is seven, so I guess I will(3)________you six dollars."The man at the ticket counter looked at Bobby(4)________. "Hey, you make me think you are not(5)________enough. If you don't tell the truth, you can save(6)________dollars. You could just tell me that the older one is six. You know it is almost impossible for anyone to know the(7)________between 6-year-old kids or 7-year-old kid. And in my eyes, they look the same." Bobby shook his head and(8)________the counter's advice, "What you said sounds true, but the two kids know that. Nowadays, being(9)________is more important than anything else. I just want to set a good(10)________to my sons.(1)A costB payC buyD take(2)A youngerB olderC shorterD longer(3)A takeB helpC getD give(4)A happilyB angrilyC excitedlyD surprisedly(5)A interestingB smartC beautifulD relaxed(6)A nineB sevenC sixD three(7)A importanceB discussionsC differencesD similarity(8)A turned downB turned onC turned offD turned up(9)A honestB seriousC carefulD available(10)A ideaB cultureC exampleD hobby二、阅读理解3. Do you want to send a secret(秘密的)message? Here are two wonderful ways to do it!(1)________ makes the secret message in "a lemon juice letter" show up.A The air.B The light.C The fire.D The water.(2)Which is TRUE about the lemon juice letter?A Only children can make it.B You can't see anything when it is wet.C The words in the message must be yellow.D The lemon juice is brown when you hold it near the light.(3)You do NOT need a ________ to make a mirror message.A piece of paper.B potato.C knife.D bathroom mirror.(4)What does the underlined word "invisible" mean?A 奉献的B 强大的C 清晰的D 隐形的(5)The passage may be from ________.A a science magazineB a history bookC a sports newspaperD a weather report4.Ray turned 113 in May this year. She was the 12th oldest person in the world. Ray was one of the few people who lived to more than 110 years old. We often call them centenarians(百岁老人). "She often drinks milk. She hardly gets angry with others and is always happy. So she is in good health. I think her reason for long life is drinking milk every day and trying to be happy," said her granddaughter.Her doctor, Dr. Perls, said another reason for Ray's long life is her genes(基因). She got them from her parents. He said, "These genes can keep you in good health and let you live longer. People can usually live to about 80 years old. Those with the right genes can live to more than 100 years. They also pass those genes to their children. So if a person's parents live long, he or she will probably live long, too." Dr. Perls also said, "You may not have those genes. But if you don't smoke, don't drink too much, and do exercise or do other things to relax, you still can live long."(1)Ray was the ________ oldest person in the world this year.A 11thB 12thC 13thD 14th(2)From the passage, we can learn that Ray ________.A often drinks milkB is never happyC often drinks juiceD often gets angry(3)Another reason for Ray's long life is ________.A genesB hardC shortD easy(4)Which of the following sentence is true?A People who don't have the genes can't live long.B It's impossible for Ray's parents to have a long life.C Good eating habits are also the reason to live long.D Only 12 people can live to more than 110 years old.(5)The passage is mainly about ________.A the family of RayB Ray's parentsC why Ray lives longD Ray's doctor5. 左栏是五位学生的职业梦想,右栏是一些帮助实现职业梦想的辅导班的介绍。
八年级数学目标复习检测卷带答案一、选择题:本大题共14个小题,每小题3分,共42分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,有一个是正确的,请把正确选项的代码填在体后的括号内1.以下问题,不适合用全面调查的是A.了解全班同学每周体育锻炼的时间B.旅客上飞机前的安检C.学校招聘教师,对应聘人员面试D.了解全市中小学生每天的零花钱2.如图所示,若在某棋盘上建立直角坐标系,使“将”位于点1,﹣2,“象”位于点3,﹣2,则“炮”位于点A.1,3B.﹣2,1C.﹣1,2D.﹣2,23.点A1,﹣2关于x轴对称的点的坐标是A.1,﹣2B.﹣1,2C.﹣1,﹣2D.1,24.下列变量间的关系不是函数关系的是A.长方形的宽一定,其长与面积B.正方形的周长与面积C.等腰三角形的底边长与面积D.圆的周长与半径5.小芳的爷爷每天坚持体育锻炼,某天他慢步行走到离家较远的公园,打了一会儿太极拳,然后沿原路跑步到家里,下面能够反映当天小芳爷爷离家的距离y米与时间x分钟之间的关系的大致图象是A. B. C. D.6.如图所示,图案上各点纵坐标不变,横坐标分别加2,连接各点所得图案与原图案相比A.位置和形状都相同B.横向拉长为原来的2倍C.向左平移2个单位长度D.向右平移2个单位长度7.点A的位置如图所示,则关于点A的位置下列说法中正确的是A.距点O4km处B.北偏东40°方向上4km处C.在点O北偏东50°方向上4km处D.在点O北偏东40°方向上4km处8.在函数y= 中,自变量x的取值范围是A.x≥﹣2且x≠1B.x≤2且x≠1C.x≠1D.x≤﹣29.已知点P3﹣m,m﹣1在第二象限,则m的取值范围在数轴上表示正确的是A. B. C. D.10.在平面直角坐标系中,已知线段AB∥x轴,端点A的坐标是﹣1,4且AB=4,则端点B的坐标是A.﹣5,4B.3,4C.﹣1,0D.﹣5,4或3,411.为了解中学300名男生的身高情况,随机抽取若干名男生进行身高测量,将所得数据整理后,画出频数分布直方图如图.估计该校男生的身高在169.5cm~174.5cm之间的人数有A.12B.48C.72D.9612.如图,正方形ABCD的边长为4,P为正方形边上一动点,沿A→D→C→B→A 的路径匀速移动,设P点经过的路径长为x,△APD的面积是y,则下列图象能大致反映y与x 的函数关系的是A. B. C. D.13.在直角坐标平面内的机器人接受指令“[a,A]”a≥0,0°A.﹣1,B.﹣1,C. ,﹣1D. ,114.在直角坐标系中,O为坐标原点,已知点A1,1,在x轴上确定点P,使△AOP为等腰三角形,则符合条件的点P的个数共有A.6个B.5个C.4个D.3个二、准确填空:本大题共6个小题,每小题4分,共24分15.某校为了了解700名八年级学生是视力情况,从中抽取了100名学生进行测试,其中总体为,样本为,样本容量.16.已知点P3,2,则点P到x轴的距离是,到y轴的距离是,到原点的距离是.17.某超市,苹果的标价为3元/千克,设购买这种苹果xkg,付费y元,在这个过程中常量是,变量是,请写出y与x的函数表达式.18.根据图中的程序,当输入x=5时,输出的结果y= .19.若点Ma+3,a﹣2在y轴上,则点M的坐标是.20.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,一动点从原点O出发,按向上,向右,向下,向右的方向不断地移动,每次移动一个单位,得到点A10,1,A21,1,A31,0,A42,0,…那么点A4n+1n为自然数的坐标为用n表示.三、细心解答:本大题共6个小题,共54分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤21.如图,已知在平面直角坐标系中,△ABC的位置如图所示.1请写出A、B、C三点的坐标;2将△ABC向右平移6个单位,再向上平移2个单位,请在图中作出平移后的△A′B′C′,并写出△A′B′C′各点的坐标;3求出△ABC的面积.22.兰州市某中学对本校初中学生完成家庭作业的时间做了总量控制,规定每天完成家庭作业的时间不超过1.5小时,该校数学课外兴趣小组对本校初中学生回家完成作业的时间做了一次随机抽样调查,并绘制出频数分布表和频数分布直方图如图的一部分.时间小时频数人数频率0≤t<0.5 4 0.10.5≤t<1 a 0.31≤t<1.5 10 0.251.5≤t<2 8 b2≤t<2.5 6 0.15合计 11在图表中,a= ,b= ;2补全频数分布直方图;3请估计该校1400名初中学生中,约有多少学生在1.5小时以内完成了家庭作业.23.一天小强和爷爷去爬山,小强让爷爷先上山,然后追赶爷爷.图中两条线段分别表示小强和爷爷离开山脚的距离y米与爬山所用时间x分的关系从小强开始爬山时计时,看图回答下列问题:1小强让爷爷先上山多少米?2山顶高多少米?谁先爬上山顶?3小强通过多少时间追上爷爷?4谁的速度快,快多少?24.为了解学生参加社团的情况,从2021年起,某市教育部门每年都从全市所有学生中随机抽取2000名学生进行调查,图①、图②是部分调查数据的统计图参加社团的学生每人只能报一项根据统计图提供的信息解决下列问题:1求图②中“科技类”所在扇形的圆心角α的度数2该市2021年抽取的学生中,参加体育类与理财类社团的学生共有多少人?3该市2021年共有50000名学生,请你估计该市2021年参加社团的学生人数.25.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,第一次将△OAB变换成△O A1B1,第二次将△OA1B1变换成△OA2B2,第三次将△OA2B2变换成△OA3B3.1观察每次变换前后的三角形的变化规律,若将△OA3B3变换成△OA4B4,则A4的坐标是,B4的坐标是;2若按第1题找到的规律将△OAB进行n次变换,得到△OAnBn,比较每次变换中三角形顶点坐标有何变化,找出规律,推测An的坐标是,Bn的坐标是.26.某市规定如下用水收费标准:每户每月的用水不超过6m3,水费按每立方米a元收费,超过6m3时,不超过的部分每立方米仍按a元收费,超过的部分每立方米按c元收费,该市某户今年3、4月份的用水量和水费如表所示:设某户该月用水量为xm3,应交水费为y元.1求a、c的值;2写出不超过6m3和超过6m3时,y与x之间的关系式;3若该户5月份的用水量为8m3,求该户5月份的水费是多少元?月份用水量/m3 水费/元3 5 7.54 9 27、选择题:本大题共14个小题,每小题3分,共42分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,有一个是正确的,请把正确选项的代码填在体后的括号内1.以下问题,不适合用全面调查的是A.了解全班同学每周体育锻炼的时间B.旅客上飞机前的安检C.学校招聘教师,对应聘人员面试D.了解全市中小学生每天的零花钱【考点】全面调查与抽样调查.【分析】由普查得到的调查结果比较准确,但所费人力、物力和时间较多,而抽样调查得到的调查结果比较近似.【解答】解:A、了解全班同学每周体育锻炼的时间,数量不大,宜用全面调查,故A 选项错误;B、旅客上飞机前的安检,意义重大,宜用全面调查,故B选项错误;C、学校招聘教师,对应聘人员面试必须全面调查,故C选项错误;D、了解全市中小学生每天的零花钱,工作量大,且普查的意义不大,不适合全面调查,故D选项正确.故选D.2.如图所示,若在某棋盘上建立直角坐标系,使“将”位于点1,﹣2,“象”位于点3,﹣2,则“炮”位于点A.1,3B.﹣2,1C.﹣1,2D.﹣2,2【考点】坐标确定位置.【分析】以“将”位于点1,﹣2为基准点,再根据““右加左减,上加下减”来确定坐标即可.【解答】解:以“将”位于点1,﹣2为基准点,则“炮”位于点1﹣3,﹣2+3,即为﹣2,1.故选B.3.点A1,﹣2关于x轴对称的点的坐标是A.1,﹣2B.﹣1,2C.﹣1,﹣2D.1,2【考点】关于x轴、y轴对称的点的坐标.【分析】根据关于x轴对称点的坐标特点:横坐标不变,纵坐标互为相反数可直接得到答案.【解答】解:点A1,﹣2关于x轴对称的点的坐标是1,2,故选:D.4.下列变量间的关系不是函数关系的是A.长方形的宽一定,其长与面积B.正方形的周长与面积C.等腰三角形的底边长与面积D.圆的周长与半径【考点】函数的概念.【分析】根据函数定义:对于函数中的每个值x,变量y按照一定的法则有一个确定的值y与之对应,解答即可.【解答】解:A、长=面积/宽;B、面积=周长/42;C、高不能确定,共有三个变量;D、周长=2π•半径.故本题选C.5.小芳的爷爷每天坚持体育锻炼,某天他慢步行走到离家较远的公园,打了一会儿太极拳,然后沿原路跑步到家里,下面能够反映当天小芳爷爷离家的距离y米与时间x分钟之间的关系的大致图象是A. B. C. D.【考点】函数的图象.【分析】分三段考虑,①漫步到公园,此时y随x的增大缓慢增大;②打太极,y随x 的增大,不变;③跑步回家,y随x的增大,快速减小,结合选项判断即可.【解答】解:小芳的爷爷点的形成分为三段:①漫步到公园,此时y随x的增大缓慢增大;②打太极,y随x的增大,不变;③跑步回家,y随x的增大,快速减小,结合图象可得选项C中的图象符合.故选C.6.如图所示,图案上各点纵坐标不变,横坐标分别加2,连接各点所得图案与原图案相比A.位置和形状都相同B.横向拉长为原来的2倍C.向左平移2个单位长度D.向右平移2个单位长度【考点】坐标与图形变化-平移.【分析】根据横坐标变化,纵坐标不变确定图形向右平移2个单位长度解答.【解答】解:∵图案上各点的纵坐标不变,横坐标分别加2,∴连结各点所得图案与原图案相比:向右平移2个单位长度.故选D.7.点A的位置如图所示,则关于点A的位置下列说法中正确的是A.距点O4km处B.北偏东40°方向上4km处C.在点O北偏东50°方向上4km处D.在点O北偏东40°方向上4km处【考点】坐标确定位置.【分析】根据点的位置确定应该有方向以及距离,进而利用图象得出即可.【解答】解:如图所示:点A在点O北偏东40°方向上4km处.故选:D.8.在函数y= 中,自变量x的取值范围是A.x≥﹣2且x≠1B.x≤2且x≠1C.x≠1D.x≤﹣2【考点】函数自变量的取值范围.【分析】根据被开方数大于等于0,分母不等于0列式计算即可得解.【解答】解:由题意得,x+2≥0且x﹣1≠0,解得x≥﹣2且x≠1.故选:A.9.已知点P3﹣m,m﹣1在第二象限,则m的取值范围在数轴上表示正确的是A. B. C. D.【考点】在数轴上表示不等式的解集;解一元一次不等式组;点的坐标.【分析】根据第二象限内点的坐标特点,可得不等式,根据解不等式,可得答案.【解答】解:已知点P3﹣m,m﹣1在第二象限,3﹣m<0且m﹣1>0,解得m>3,m>1,故选:A.10.在平面直角坐标系中,已知线段AB∥x轴,端点A的坐标是﹣1,4且AB=4,则端点B的坐标是A.﹣5,4B.3,4C.﹣1,0D.﹣5,4或3,4【考点】点的坐标.【分析】根据平行于x轴直线上点的纵坐标相等,到一点距离相等的点有两个,可得答案.【解答】解:由线段AB∥x轴,端点A的坐标是﹣1,4,得B点的纵坐标是4.由AB=4,得B点坐标﹣5,4或3,4,故选:D.11.为了解中学300名男生的身高情况,随机抽取若干名男生进行身高测量,将所得数据整理后,画出频数分布直方图如图.估计该校男生的身高在169.5cm~174.5cm之间的人数有A.12B.48C.72D.96【考点】频数率分布直方图;用样本估计总体.【分析】根据直方图求出身高在169.5cm~174.5cm之间的人数的百分比,然后乘以300,计算即可.【解答】解:根据图形,身高在169.5cm~174.5cm之间的人数的百分比为:×100%=24%,所以,该校男生的身高在169.5cm~174.5cm之间的人数有300×24%=72人.故选C.12.如图,正方形ABCD的边长为4,P为正方形边上一动点,沿A→D→C→B→A 的路径匀速移动,设P点经过的路径长为x,△APD的面积是y,则下列图象能大致反映y与x 的函数关系的是A. B. C. D.【考点】动点问题的函数图象.【分析】根据动点从点A出发,首先向点D运动,此时y不随x的增加而增大,当点P在DC山运动时,y随着x的增大而增大,当点P在CB上运动时,y不变,据此作出选择即可.【解答】解:①当点P由点A向点D运动时,y的值为0;②当点P在DC上运动时,y随着x的增大而增大;③当点p在CB上运动时,y=AB•AD,y不变;④当点P在BA上运动时,y随x的增大而减小.故选B.13.在直角坐标平面内的机器人接受指令“[a,A]”a≥0,0°A.﹣1,B.﹣1,C. ,﹣1D. ,1【考点】坐标与图形变化-旋转;含30度角的直角三角形;勾股定理.【分析】根据题意画出图形,得出OA=2,∠AOC=60°,求出∠AOB,根据直角三角形的性质和勾股定理求出OB、AB即可.【解答】解:由已知得到:OA=2,∠COA=60°,过A作AB⊥X轴于B,∴∠BOA=90°﹣60°=30°,∴AB=1,由勾股定理得:OB= ,∴A的坐标是﹣,﹣1.故选C.14.在直角坐标系中,O为坐标原点,已知点A1,1,在x轴上确定点P,使△AOP为等腰三角形,则符合条件的点P的个数共有A.6个B.5个C.4个D.3个【考点】坐标与图形性质;等腰三角形的判定.【分析】本题应该分情况讨论.以OA为腰或底分别讨论.当A是顶角顶点时,P是以A 为圆心,以OA为半径的圆与x轴的交点,共有1个,若OA是底边时,P是OA的中垂线与x轴的交点,有1个,共有4个.【解答】解:1若AO作为腰时,有两种情况,当A是顶角顶点时,P是以A为圆心,以OA为半径的圆与x轴的交点,共有1个,当O是顶角顶点时,P是以O为圆心,以OA为半径的圆与x轴的交点,有2个;2若OA是底边时,P是OA的中垂线与x轴的交点,有1个.以上4个交点没有重合的.故符合条件的点有4个.故选:C.二、准确填空:本大题共6个小题,每小题4分,共24分15.某校为了了解700名八年级学生是视力情况,从中抽取了100名学生进行测试,其中总体为700名八年级学生的视力情况,样本为从中抽取100名学生的视力情况,样本容量100 .【考点】总体、个体、样本、样本容量.【分析】总体是指考查的对象的全体,个体是总体中的每一个考查的对象,样本是总体中所抽取的一部分个体,而样本容量则是指样本中个体的数目.我们在区分总体、个体、样本、样本容量,这四个概念时,首先找出考查的对象.从而找出总体、个体.再根据被收集数据的这一部分对象找出样本,最后再根据样本确定出样本容量.【解答】解:为了了解700名八年级学生是视力情况,从中抽取了100名学生进行测试,其中总体为700名八年级学生的视力情况,样本为从中抽取100名学生的视力情况,样本容量 100,故答案为:700名八年级学生的视力情况,从中抽取100名学生的视力情况,100.16.已知点P3,2,则点P到x轴的距离是 2 ,到y轴的距离是 3 ,到原点的距离是.【考点】点的坐标.【分析】根据点到x轴的距离等于纵坐标的长度,到y轴的距离等于横坐标的长度解答;再利用勾股定理列式求出到原点的距离即可.【解答】解:点P3,2到x轴的距离是2,到y轴的距离是3,到原点的距离为: = .故答案为:2,3, .17.某超市,苹果的标价为3元/千克,设购买这种苹果xkg,付费y元,在这个过程中常量是 3 ,变量是x、y ,请写出y与x的函数表达式y=3x .【考点】函数关系式;常量与变量.【分析】根据常量与变量定义即可得知,再根据:总花费=单价×数量,把相关数值代入即可得函数表达式.【解答】解:在购买苹果的过程中,苹果的单价3元/千克不变,所付费用y随购买数量xkg的变化而变化,∴这个过程中,常量是3,变量是x、y,且y=3x,故答案为:3,x、y,y=3x.18.根据图中的程序,当输入x=5时,输出的结果y= 0 .【考点】代数式求值.【分析】根据题意可知,该程序计算是将x代入y=﹣2x+10.将x=5输入即可求解.【解答】解:∵x=5>3,∴将x=5代入y=﹣2x+10,解得y=0.故答案为:0.19.若点Ma+3,a﹣2在y轴上,则点M的坐标是0,﹣5 .【考点】点的坐标.【分析】让点M的横坐标为0求得a的值,代入即可.【解答】解:∵点Ma+3,a﹣2在y轴上,∴a+3=0,即a=﹣3,∴点M的坐标是0,﹣5.故答案填:0,﹣5.20.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,一动点从原点O出发,按向上,向右,向下,向右的方向不断地移动,每次移动一个单位,得到点A10,1,A21,1,A31,0,A42,0,…那么点A4n+1n为自然数的坐标为2n,1 用n表示.【考点】规律型:点的坐标.【分析】根据图形分别求出n=1、2、3时对应的点A4n+1的坐标,然后根据变化规律写出即可.【解答】解:由图可知,n=1时,4×1+1=5,点A52,1,n=2时,4×2+1=9,点A94,1,n=3时,4×3+1=13,点A136,1,所以,点A4n+12n,1.故答案为:2n,1.三、细心解答:本大题共6个小题,共54分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤21.如图,已知在平面直角坐标系中,△ABC的位置如图所示.1请写出A、B、C三点的坐标;2将△ABC向右平移6个单位,再向上平移2个单位,请在图中作出平移后的△A′B′C′,并写出△A′B′C′各点的坐标;3求出△ABC的面积.【考点】作图-平移变换.【分析】1根据平面直角坐标系写出各点的坐标即可;2根据网格结构找出点A′、B′、C′的位置,然后顺次连接即可,再根据平面直角坐标系写出各点的坐标;3利用△ABC所在的矩形的面积减去四周三个直角三角形的面积列式计算即可得解.【解答】解:1A﹣1,2,B﹣2,﹣1,C2,0;2△A′B′C′如图所示,A′5,4,B′4,1,C′8,2;3△ABC的面积=4×3﹣×1×4﹣×2×3﹣×1×3,=12﹣2﹣3﹣1.5,=12﹣6.5,=5.5.22.兰州市某中学对本校初中学生完成家庭作业的时间做了总量控制,规定每天完成家庭作业的时间不超过1.5小时,该校数学课外兴趣小组对本校初中学生回家完成作业的时间做了一次随机抽样调查,并绘制出频数分布表和频数分布直方图如图的一部分.时间小时频数人数频率0≤t<0.5 4 0.10.5≤t<1 a 0.31≤t<1.5 10 0.251.5≤t<2 8 b2≤t<2.5 6 0.15合计 11在图表中,a= 12 ,b= 0.2 ;2补全频数分布直方图;3请估计该校1400名初中学生中,约有多少学生在1.5小时以内完成了家庭作业.【考点】频数率分布直方图;用样本估计总体;频数率分布表.【分析】1根据每天完成家庭作业的时间在0≤t<0.5的频数和频率,求出抽查的总人数,再用总人数乘以每天完成家庭作业的时间在0.5≤t<1的频率,求出a,再用每天完成家庭作业的时间在1.5≤t<2的频率乘以总人数,求出b即可;2根据1求出a的值,可直接补全统计图;3用每天完成家庭作业时间在1.5小时以内的人数所占的百分比乘以该校的总人数,即可得出答案.【解答】解:1抽查的总的人数是: =40人,a=40×0.3=12人,b= =0.2;故答案为:12,0.2;2根据1可得:每天完成家庭作业的时间在0.5≤t<1的人数是12,补图如下:3根据题意得:×1400=910名,答:约有多少910名学生在1.5小时以内完成了家庭作业.23.一天小强和爷爷去爬山,小强让爷爷先上山,然后追赶爷爷.图中两条线段分别表示小强和爷爷离开山脚的距离y米与爬山所用时间x分的关系从小强开始爬山时计时,看图回答下列问题:1小强让爷爷先上山多少米?2山顶高多少米?谁先爬上山顶?3小强通过多少时间追上爷爷?4谁的速度快,快多少?【考点】函数的图象.【分析】由图象可知在爷爷先上了60米小强才开始追赶;由y轴纵坐标可知,山顶离地面的高度,又由两条线段的关系可知小强先到达山顶,小强追上爷爷,之间路程相等,由图象,两条线段的交点即为小强追上爷爷所用的时间.【解答】解:1由图象可知小强让爷爷先上了60米;2y轴纵坐标可知,山顶离地面的高度为300米,小强先爬山山顶;3小强用8分钟追上…4小强速度为240÷8=30米/分钟爷爷速度为÷8=22.5米/分钟30﹣22.5=7.5米/分钟小强速度快,快7.5米/分钟.24.为了解学生参加社团的情况,从2021年起,某市教育部门每年都从全市所有学生中随机抽取2000名学生进行调查,图①、图②是部分调查数据的统计图参加社团的学生每人只能报一项根据统计图提供的信息解决下列问题:1求图②中“科技类”所在扇形的圆心角α的度数2该市2021年抽取的学生中,参加体育类与理财类社团的学生共有多少人?3该市2021年共有50000名学生,请你估计该市2021年参加社团的学生人数.【考点】折线统计图;用样本估计总体;扇形统计图.【分析】1用1减去其余四个部分所占百分比得到“科技类”所占百分比,再乘以360°即可;2由折线统计图得出该市2021年抽取的学生一共有300+200=500人,再乘以体育类与理财类所占百分比的和即可;3先求出该市2021年参加社团的学生所占百分比,再乘以该市2021年学生总数即可.【解答】解:1“科技类”所占百分比是:1﹣30%﹣10%﹣15%﹣25%=20%,α=360°×20%=72°;2该市2021年抽取的学生一共有300+200=500人,参加体育类与理财类社团的学生共有500×30%+10%=200人;350000× =28750.即估计该市2021年参加社团的学生有28750人.25.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,第一次将△OAB变换成△OA1B1,第二次将△OA1B1变换成△OA2B2,第三次将△OA2B2变换成△OA3B3.1观察每次变换前后的三角形的变化规律,若将△OA3B3变换成△OA4B4,则A4的坐标是16,3 ,B4的坐标是32,0 ;2若按第1题找到的规律将△OAB进行n次变换,得到△OAnBn,比较每次变换中三角形顶点坐标有何变化,找出规律,推测An的坐标是2n,3 ,Bn的坐标是2n+1,0 .【考点】规律型:图形的变化类;点的坐标.【分析】根据图形写出点A系列的坐标与点B系列的坐标,根据具体数值找到规律即可.【解答】解:1因为A1,3,A12,3,A24,3,A38,3…纵坐标不变为3,横坐标都和2有关,为2n,那么A416,3;因为B2,0,B14,0,B28,0,B316,0…纵坐标不变,为0,横坐标都和2有关为2n+1,那么B4的坐标为32,0;2由上题规律可知An的纵坐标总为3,横坐标为2n,Bn的纵坐标总为0,横坐标为2n+1.26.某市规定如下用水收费标准:每户每月的用水不超过6m3,水费按每立方米a元收费,超过6m3时,不超过的部分每立方米仍按a元收费,超过的部分每立方米按c元收费,该市某户今年3、4月份的用水量和水费如表所示:设某户该月用水量为xm3,应交水费为y元.1求a、c的值;2写出不超过6m3和超过6m3时,y与x之间的关系式;3若该户5月份的用水量为8m3,求该户5月份的水费是多少元?月份用水量/m3 水费/元3 5 7.54 9 27【考点】一次函数的应用.【分析】1根据5<6,于是得到3月份用水量不超过6米3,于是得到结论;2依照题意,当x≤6时,y=ax;当x>6时,y=6a+cx﹣6,分别把对应的x,y值代入求解可得解析式;3把x=8代入y=6x﹣27y即可得到结论.【解答】1∵5<6,∴3月份用水量不超过6米3,则5a=7.5,解得:a=1.5,则根据4月份,得6×1.5+9﹣6c=27,解得:c=6;2当0< p="">当x>6时,y=6×1.5+6x﹣6=6x﹣27;3当x=8时,y=6×8﹣27=21,答:该户5月份的水费是21元.感谢您的阅读,祝您生活愉快。
21桃花源记1.shâ tiáo yí jùn qiün yüo jÿn yì2.⑴陶渊明潜元亮晋⑵渔人的行踪时间发现进入离开⑶夹岸数百步,中无杂树,芳草鲜美,落英缤纷。
土地平旷,屋舍俨然,有良田美池桑竹之属。
阡陌交通,鸡犬相闻。
其中往来种作,男女衣着,悉如外人。
黄发垂髫,并怡然自乐。
⑷豁然开朗世外桃源无人问津3.沿着对……感到诧异走到……的尽头消失整齐的样子类邀请到计划4. ⑴妻子:古义:妻子及儿女今义:男子的配偶绝境:古义:与人世隔绝的地方今义:没有出路的境地⑵交通:古义:交错相通今义:运输和邮电事业的总称⑶无论:古义:不用说,更不必说今义:表示条件的连词5.A6.D7.忽然遇到(一片)桃花林,生长在溪流两岸,长达几百步,中间没有别的树。
土地平坦宽广的,房舍整整齐齐,还有肥沃的土地,美丽的池塘和桑树竹子之类。
(那里的人)看见了渔人,感到非常惊讶,问他是从哪儿来的。
带领妻子儿女和乡邻来到这与世隔绝的地方,不再出去。
渔人把自己听到的事一一详细地告诉了他们,他们(听罢)都感叹、惋惜。
就顺着来时的路划回去,处处都做了记号。
8.A9. (1)顺(沿) (2)整齐的样子10. (1)渔人对此感到很奇怪(2)(桃)林在溪水发源的地方就没有了(3)老人小孩都高高兴兴自得其乐11. (1)活动 (2)穿戴 (3)心情12. C13.束缚,拘束停止14.环堵萧然,不蔽风日。
短褐穿结,箪瓢屡空。
15.不是,只是作出抚琴样子,反映他无拘无束本性率真,面对穷困的生活自得其乐的性格。
16.只要懂得琴中的乐趣,何必非要(在琴上)抚出美妙的音乐呢!22短文两篇1.xÿn tái tiáo dú fán yū xiâ zhuï yì xiǎn2.⑴《全唐文》唐代刘禹锡⑵古代刻在器物上用来警戒自己或称述功德的文字 ing 名、灵、青、丁、经、形、亭⑶斯是陋室,惟吾德馨何陋之有⑷水不在深,有龙则灵⑸苔痕上阶绿,草色入帘青;谈笑有鸿儒,往来无白丁;可以调素琴,阅金经⑹《周元公集》周敦颐北宋哲学谥号⑺爱莲草木之花菊花牡丹隐逸者富贵者君子⑻托物言志,借物抒情3.名:有名鸿:大调:调弄,这里指弹奏丝竹:奏乐的声音劳:使……劳累蕃:多染:沾染(污秽)濯:洗涤妖:美丽而不端庄益:更加植:立鲜:很少宜:应当4.这是简陋的房子,只是我的品德好就不感到简陋了。
1.新闻两则【记忆再现】1.C2.B【牛刀小试】1.D2.③⑥【文苑漫步】1.鲁智深林冲2. .①独立水系,水质优良。
②日照充分,昼夜温差大。
③土质独特,营养丰富。
④管理科学,没有污染【课文品读】1.语段开头括号部分一般叫电头,交待了社名、时间、地点。
其作用是体现了新闻的真实性,时效性。
2.中路军、西路军、东路军渡江的情况;取得胜利的原因。
3.(1)不能。
如果去掉‚不含‛,意思就成了包括九江在内。
(3)‚歼灭‛是把敌人消灭掉;‚击溃‛是把敌人打得溃不成军,不一定消灭。
连用两个词表现了不同的作战结果,语气准确、简洁。
4.B5.歼灭、击溃、占领、控制、封锁、切断【美文赏析】1.第一段2.强调世贸中心是纽约标志性建筑,说明这次恐怖事件影响巨大;强调人员多达4.5万人,是说明人员可能伤亡惨重。
2.芦花荡【记忆再现】1.(1) 苇纬伟 (2) 淀绽锭2.A3. 孙犁《孙犁文集》‚白洋淀纪事‛ 40年代【牛刀小试】1. 描写叙述描写2.A3. 示例:地球(熄灯)一小时,你我来参与【文苑漫步】1. 示例:清清白白做人2. 高俅史进九纹龙3. 示例:保护森林资源,关爱生存环境。
【课文品读】1.由远到近由粗到细精明强干2.你把任务交给我,我就凭借自己水上的本领,保证万无一失,完成任务。
自信,自尊。
3.不能去掉。
这一词为下文发生的事情作铺垫。
【美文赏析】1.反映她的内心在瞬间的震动,细腻刻画她乍一听到水生报名参军,夫妻就要离别时内心的激荡,因这意外的一惊而失手,以致划破了手指的细小变化,反映了她对丈夫依依难舍的感情。
2.像表扬,又带怨艾,表现对丈夫做出这一决定的理解与宽容,显示其率真、丰富、复杂的内心世界,感情含蓄。
3.蜡烛【记忆再现】1.A【牛刀小试】1.B2. 梨花银河春水穹庐3.不计回报的奉献精神【文苑漫步】1.希望和平;必要时我们会为维护国家、民族利益而战;表达再次呼吁和平的心声2.C3.杨志牛二【课文品读】1.‚又‛表明老妇人将珍藏的又一支蜡烛也拿了出来,表现了老妇人更珍重南苏情谊,更感谢年轻的士兵。
初二上英语目标答案初二上英语目标答案《学习目标与检测》八年级英语 (上册)Module 1 How to learn English Unit 1 Try not to translate every word.一、 1. write down 2. each other 3. next to5. read a newspaper in English4. in class6. make mistakes7. listen to the radio10. 正确的拼写8. give you some advice 9. 欢迎回来二、 1.B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D 三、 1. speak English2. How about writing3. Why don’t you write down / Why not write down4. It’s very important , to read5. want to learn , try not to四、 1. You should speak Chinese 2. What should I do3. How about listening to the radio / Why don’t you listen to the radio4. You are welcomeUnit 2 Please help me!一、1. shy 2. guess 3. remember 4. piece 5. forget 二、1. D 2. A 3. D 4. 三、1. Try to remember2. It is very difficult3. It took me ten minutes4. a good way to improve5. to speak English all the time in class四、1. Yes. 2. Three. 3. By learning from the people who are good at English.Module 1 综合训练一、1. A 2. A 3. C 4. 二、1. should ask2. Try not to3. It’s a good idea4. Why don’t you buy5. How about reading三、1. D 2. A 3. C 4. E 5. B 四、1. Yes, they do.2. Three.3. An archaeology camp.B 5. B 6.C 7. A 8. C4. Doing so many things with others is a good way to make friends. 五、1.B 2. A 3.C 4. B 5. A 6.D 六、Dear Frank,There are a lot of things you should do. You should talk about it with your classmates. Maybe they just played a joke on you. Or maybe you should write a letter to your best friend if you think it is not easy for you to talk about it with others. Anyway, always be friendly to others and always smile to others! It is the best way to be popular!Module 2 ExperiencesUnit 1 Have you ever entered a competition?一、1. 参加比赛 2. 一等奖 3. 在伦敦降落 4. 飞机票的价格5. send her a DVD6. today’s newspaper7. travel around the world8. take off 二、1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C 三、1. I have entered2. Has your pen friend come to3. My mother has ever seen4. Have you ever wanted to travel5. sounds brilliant 四、1. Where are you going2. Have you ever visited Shanghai3. How will you go there4. Thank youUnit 2 Wei Ming has been all over China by plane.一、1. western 2. delicious 3. beside 4. abroad 5. kind 二、1. A 2. B 3. B4. D5. B 三、1. has been to many places by plane.2. I have never been to3. Has Mike ever been abroad4. Pizza has always been5. Have you ever had 四、1. A tour guide.2. No, he hasn’t.3. He’s been a student there for a year.4. An English teacher.Module 2 综合训练一、 1. visited visited 2. enjoyed enjoyed5. tasted tasted 9. gave given 13. saw seen 17. sold sold3. watched watched4. tried tried 8. was been12. did done6. took taken7. were been 10. wrote written 14. ate eaten 18. came come11. went gone15.swam swum 19. put put16. had had20. flew flown二、 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. B三、 1. took off 2. sells 3. will come true 4. tastes 5. has travelled 四、1. Yes, I have.2. I will go to3. has been to4. Have you invited5. Thank you.五、1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. C . 10. 六、1. Yes, she does.2. Because he would like to listen to it when he is doing his homework.3. They can listen to music on it.七、 I have been to many places in China, and Qingdao is my favourite. The reason why I likeQingdao is that you can have a good chance to enjoy a real sea there.Last summer vacation my father and I went there. The sea was wonderful.The sky was blue and so was the sea. There were noclouds in the sky. People there enjoyed themselves a lot. Some people were swimming in the sea and others were picking something on the beach. All ofthem were relaxed. I took a lot of pictures.How beautiful the sea is! I will never forget the wonderful sea in Qingdao.Module 3 Journey to space Unit 1 Has it arrived yet?一、1. come back3. next week2. several months 4. have been to 6. send sb. sth. 8.最新消息5. show sth. to sb. 7.太空旅行二、1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 三、1. I have just made3. haven’t discovered2. have already been 4. has Tony heard of5. Have you showed, not yet. 四、1. I have been to the library.2. She has gone to the reading room.3. Would you like to go with me? 五、1. In America.2. Twenty-nine.Unit 2 We haven’t found life on other planets yet.一、1. Sun 2. life 3. air 4. environment 5. billion 二、1. D 2. C 3. B 4.B 5.C 三、1. have just arrived2. hasn’t found4. has gone to, in two weeks3. Have you heard from5. tried to send a message to 四、1. Yes, they have.2. They collect these big drops through a special conduit.3. It seems wonderful.Module 3 综合训练一、1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 二、1. B 2. C 3. D4. A 三、1. have already heard 3. hasn’t fo und5. to live四、1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D五、1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 六、Astronauts first landed on the moon in 1969, more than 30 years ago. The men travelled to the moon in a spacecraft. It took them four days to get there. The astronauts discovered many interesting things, but they did not find anylife on the moon. Scientists do not think there has ever been life on the moon.Module 4 EducationUnit 1 How long have you studied English?一、1. look after2. hear about 4. want to do sth.2. have heard of 4. have you grown3. get on … with 5.事实上 7.参加二、1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 三、1. has taught, for2. has already built, since 4. How long have you been3. has got on well with 5. sounds very interesting四、1. How long have you been at this school?2. how many English words have you learned?3. Very well. 五、1. Yes, she has.2. For half a year.Unit 2 Project Hope has built many schools.一、1. same 2. poor 3. pay 4. important 5. drop 二、1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5.C 三、1. to learn2. With the help of4. has already raised a lot of money3. Because of 5. have you visited 四、1. Yes, they did.2. They felt sad.3. They can go to school again.Module 4 综合训练一、1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 二、1. B 2. A 3. D4. E 三、1. have been here2. Have you studied English 4. thousands of3. stopped talking 5. Because of 四、1. B 2. C 3.D4. D 五、1. No, itisn’t.2. Teach themselves. 六.Dear Mr. Brown,I haven’t seen you for a long time. I miss you very much. Here I’d liketo tell you something about my class and myself. As you know, there were 45 students in our class last year, but now the number has reached 47. By the way, Wang Zhe has left for Canada with his parents.Last time our basketball team lost the game. But this time we won thefirst place last week.And you must remember I was weak in both English and maths before. NowI’ve made great progress in them. I often go to the English Corner on Sundayto practice my spoken English. What’s more, I’ve become more and more interested in maths with the teacher’s help.What about you? How are you getting on with your work? I hope you canvisit our school again. Yours, Li MeiModule 5 Western musicUnit 1 You like western classical music, don’t you?一、英汉互译。
《学习目标与检测》M1-M6参考答案八年级英语(上)Module 1 How to learn EnglishUnit 1 Unit 1 Let’s try to speak English as much as possible.一、1. write down 2. look up 3. next to 4.make a mistake5. as much as possible6. practice doing7.try to do sth.8.listen for key words9. agree with 10. get to know二、1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6.C三、1. Let’s talk about good ways2. Why not / Why don’t you3. It’s a good way to spell4. Why not/ Why don’t you write down5. Let’s try to6. How about listening四、1.D 2. A 3. C 4.E 5. BUnit 2 You should smile at her!一、1. suggested 2. vocabulary 3.conversations 4. basics 5. improve二、1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C三、1. asks her teacher for advice2. It is very difficult/hard to understand3. I am afraid to4. a good way to improve5. to speak English all the time in class四、1. Yes. 2. Three. 3. By learning from the people who are good at English.Module 1 综合训练一、1. A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9.D 10. C二、1. should ask2. Try to speak English3. It’s a good idea to check4. Why don’t you buy5. How about reading三、1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5.A 6. C 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.A四、1. C 2. A 3.E 4.D五、I had the same problem as yours. I don’t think you need to worry too much. I have some good ways for you.First, why not write down the words on a small notebook and go over them every day? I tried it and now I find it difficult to forget the words. You can give it a try.Second, try to use them. If you can use them when you speak or write English, you will remember them better.Last but not least, organize a list of words in a song or a story. It will help you remember them better.I’m sure you’ll find these ways helpful. Hope you’ll have fun memorizing English words.Module 2 My home town and my countryUnit 1 It’s taller than many other buildings.一、预习先行(英汉互译。
兴国县2011~2012学年度第一学期八年级英语单元检测题(一)(Units 1~2)一、听力测试(10分)A) 请听对话, 在下列每个小题的空白处填写一个适当的单词。
对话读两遍。
1. Sandy can watch TV about________ times a month.2. Phillip's favorite sport is ________.3. Susan thinks________ are junk food.4. The man thinks ________ are good for his health.5. Katy didn't come to school because she looked after her __________ at home.B) 请听短文, 回答下面的问题。
短文读两遍。
6. What time did Mrs. Turner wake up?____________________________________7. What was the matter with Robert?____________________________________8. What did Robert often do before going to bed?____________________________________9. Whom did Robert have to go to see later that morning?____________________________________10. Why did Robert feel a little better?____________________________________二、单项填空(10分)( )11. ________he is ill, ________ he goes to school.A. Although, butB. /, /C. Although, /D. But, although ( )12. They watch TV________.A. one a weekB. once a weekC. one the weekD. once week ( )13. The old man is well because he often_________.A. exercisesB. drinksC. sleepsD. play( )14. —__________do you read English books?—Twice a day.A. How manyB. How muchC. How longD. How often ( )15. Lily usually starts the day________ breakfast.A. withB. fromC. atD. of( )16. People smell with their________.A. nosesB. earsC. handsD. mouths ( )17. If you have a toothache, you should see a________.A. policemanB. teacherC. nurseD. dentist ( )18. We're tired because we have________ work to do.A. too manyB. too muchC. many tooD. much too ( )19. —I am often ill.—________A. I think so.B. That's OK.C. Really? Thank you.D. I am sorry to hear that. ( )20. —Do you often brush your________?—Y es, I do.A. toothsB. toothesC. teethD. teeths三、完形填空(20分)A) 请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。
八年级数学目标复习检测卷及参考答案通过做目标复习检测卷,可以加深对八年级数学知识的理解和巩固,形成熟练的技巧,有助于知识和技能的广泛迁移。
这是店铺整理的八年级数学的目标复习检测卷,希望你能从中得到感悟!八年级数学目标复习检测卷一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分)1.若,则的值为 ( )A.1B.C.±1D.2.下列各式计算正确的是( )A. B.C. D.3.已知直角三角形的一条直角边长为9,斜边长为10,则另一条直角边长为( )A. 1B.C.19D.4.已知:a= 则与的关系为( )A. B. C. D.5.若,则的值为 ( )A.1B.-1C.7D.-76.若,则的值是( )A. B.C. D.7.若关于的一元二次方程有实数根,则( )A. B. C. D.8.(广东珠海•3分)一元二次方程 +x+ =0的根的情况是( )A.有两个不相等的实数根B.有两个相等的实数根C.无实数根D.无法确定根的情况9.利华机械厂四月份生产零件万个,若五、六月份平均每月的增长率是,•则第二季度共生产零件( )A.100万个B.160万个C.180万个D.182万个10.(2015 • 山东泰安中考)某单位若干名职工参加普法知识竞赛,将成绩制成如图所示的扇形统计图和条形统计图,根据图中提供的信息,这些职工成绩的中位数和平均数分别是( )第10题图A.94分,96分B.96分,96分C.94分,96.4分D.96分,96.4分二、填空题(每小题4分,共32分)11. 计算的结果是 .12. 计算 =_______________.13.若,则 ________.14.若( 是关于的一元二次方程,则的值是________.15.若且,则一元二次方程必有一个定根,它是_______.16.(2015 • 湖北黄冈中考)若方程 -2x-1=0的两根分别为,,则的值为 .17.(2015 • 南京中考)某工程队有14名员工,他们的工种及相应每人每月工资如下表所示.工种人数每人每月工资/元电工 5 7 000木工 4 6 000瓦工 5 5 000现该工程队进行了人员调整:减少木工2名,增加电工、瓦工各1名.与调整前相比,该工程队员工月工资的方差______(填“变小”,“不变”或“变大”).18.(2015 • 成都中考)为响应“书香成都”建设的号召,在全校形成良好的人文阅读风尚,成都市某中学随机调查了部分学生平均每天的阅读时间,统计结果如图所示,则在本次调查中,阅读时间的中位数是_________小时.第18题图三、解答题(共48分)19.(6分)求证:关于的方程有两个不相等的实数根.20.(6分)已知关于的方程( 的两根之和为,两根之差为1,•其中是△ 的三边长.(1)求方程的根;(2)试判断△ 的形状.21.(8分)化简:(1) ;(2) .22.(9分)有一道练习题是:对于式子先化简,后求值,其中 .小明的解法如下: = = = = .小明的解法对吗?如果不对,请改正.23.(9分)(2015 • 山东东营中考)2013年,东营市某楼盘以每平方米6 500元的均价对外销售,因为楼盘滞销,房地产开发商为了加快资金周转,决定进行降价促销,经过连续两年下调后,2015年的均价为每平方米5 265元.(1)求平均每年下调的百分率;(2)假设2016年的均价仍然下调相同的百分率,张强准备购买一套100平方米的住房,他持有现金20万元,可以在银行贷款30万元,张强的愿望能否实现?(房价每平方米按照均价计算)24.(10分)(2015•天津中考)某商场服装部为了解服装的销售情况,统计了每位营业员在某月的销售额(单位:万元),并根据统计的这组销售额数据,绘制出如图所示的统计图①和②.请根据相关信息,解答下列问题:① ②第24题图(1)该商场服装部营业员的人数为,图①中m的值为 ;(2)求统计的这组销售额数据的平均数、众数和中位数.八年级数学目标复习检测卷参考答案1.A 解析:若 ,则 ,故 .2.C 解析:A选项中× =48,错误;B选项中5 × =25 ,错误;C选项中4 × =8 ,正确;D选项错误.3.B 解析:由勾股定理得另一条直角边长为 .4.A 解析:由于 ,所以 .5.C 解析: 若 ,根据两个非负数的和为零,则这两个非负数均为零,得 ,且 ,即 ,且 ,所以 , ,故选C.6.C 解析:根据方程的特点,可考虑用换元法求值,设,原式可化为,解得,7.D 解析:把原方程移项, .由于实数的平方均为非负数,故,•则 .8.B 解析:∵ ,∴ 一元二次方程 +x+ =0有两个相等的实数根.9.D 解析:五月份生产零件 (万个),六月份生产零件 (万个),所以第二季度共生产零件 (万个),故选D.10.D 解析:根据92分的有6人,占10%,可求出参加竞赛的职工总人数为60人.根据94分的占20%可求出94分的人数是60×20%=12(人).96分、100分的人数所占的百分比分别是=25%,=15%,从而求出98分的人数所占的百分比,进而求出98分的有18人.因为这组数据共60个,所以第30与31个数的平均数是这组数据的中位数,将这组数据按从小到大的顺序排列后,第30、31个数据都是96,故中位数是96分,再由加权平均数的计算方法,得 =96.4(分),故选项D正确.11.3 解析: .12. 解析:13.14 解析:由,得 .两边同时平方,得,即,所以 .注意整体代入思想的运用.14.1 解析:由解得m=1.15. 1 解析:由,得,原方程可化为,解得x1=1,x2= .所以一元二次方程的一个定根为x=1.16.3 解析:因为,是方程 -2x-1=0的两根,所以 =2, =-1,因此 =2+1=3.17.变大解析:减少木工2名,增加电工、瓦工各1名后,14名员工的工资少了两个6 000,多了一个7 000和一个5 000,调整前后工程队员工月平均工资不变,均是6 000元,但调整后各数据与平均数的差的平方和变大了,所以方差变大了.18.1 解析:把一组数据按从小到大的顺序排列,在中间的一个数字(或中间两个数字的平均值)叫做这组数据的中位数.本题中阅读时间的中位数是1小时.19.证明:∵ 恒成立,∴ 方程有两个不相等的实数根.20.解:(1)设方程的两根分别为,则解得(2)当时,,所以 .当时,所以 .所以,所以△ 为等边三角形.21.解:(1) .(2) .22.分析:本题中有一个隐含条件,即,由此应将化简为 .对这个隐含条件的敏感度是正确解决问题的关键.解:小明的解法不对.改正如下:由题意得,∴ 应有 .∴ = = = = .23. 解:(1)设平均每年下调的百分率为x,根据题意,得6 500 =5 265,解得, (不合题意,舍去).答:平均每年下调的百分率为10%.(2)如果下调的百分率相同,2016年的房价为5 265 (1-10%)=4 738.5(元/ ),则100平方米的住房的总房款为100 4 738.5=473 850(元)=47.385(万元).∵ 20+30 47.385,∴ 张强的愿望可以实现.24. 解:(1)25;28(2)观察条形统计图,∵ = =18.6,∴ 这组数据的平均数是18.6.∵ 在这组数据中,21出现了8次,出现的次数最多,∴ 这组数据的众数是21.∵ 将这组数据按照由小到大的顺序排列,其中处于中间位置的数是18,∴ 这组数据的中位数是18.。
八年级英语目标检测(90分钟)一.听力部分20%一、根据你听到的句子,选出相应的图片:6%1. ________2. ________3. ________4. ________5. ________6. ________二、听对话,选答案:4%1.How are the students going to the farm? A. By car. B. By bus. C. On foot.2.Where is Mrs Green going? A. To the park. B. To the hospital. C. To the shop.3.What time does Tom's mother get up? A. 5:40 B. 6:00 C. 6:204. Who’s better at swimming? A. Mike B. Jim C. Tom三、听短文,选择正确答案:10%1.Where does David work?A. In a police station.B. In a factory .C. In a big shop.D. In a cinema.2.Why does David get up very early in the morning? Because _______.A. his home is far away from the shopB. he is very youngC. he isn't tiredD. he likes to get up early3.Where does David have his lunch?A. In the car.B. At home.C. In his shop.D. At the factory.4.How do the people in the shop work?A. They don't work well.B. They are busy.C. They all work hard.D. Their work is easy.5.When does the shop close?A. In the morning.B. At seven.C. Before six.D. On Sunday.二、笔试部分80%一、单项选择10%1. — do you go to visit your grandparents? —Once a week.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How much2. —Can you come to the movies with us on Sunday, Ann? — .A. I’d love to, but I have lots of things to do.B. Oh, no. That’llbe too tired.C. I’ll stay at home.D. Yes, please.3. Please drink some milk. It’s good ______your health. A to B forC atD with4. She looks happy because she has a vacation.A. relaxedB. relaxingC. to relaxD. relaxes5. does it take you to finish the book?A. How long; to readB. How soon; to readC. How often; readingD. How long; reading6. --- is it from here to the station? ---Not very far. It’s ten minutes’ ride.A. How longB. How farC. How muchD. How many7. I like talking with others. But Tom doesn’t. He often reads books.So Tom is ________ than I am.A. funnierB. more outgoingC. wilderD. calmer8. John can’t get up so as his little sister.A. earlierB. earlyC. more earlyD. very early9. This time I want to do ________ .A. something differentB. different somethingC. anything differentD. different anything10. If you are tired, you shouldn’t ________.A. go to the partyB. go to bed earlyC. have a test.D. sleep二、完形填空:10%When Mr Smith retired(退休), he bought a small 1 near the sea. He 2 it and hoped to live a quiet life in this house.But many tourists came to see his house in summer holidays, becauseit was the most 3 building in the village. From morning to night there were 4 outside the house. They kept looking into the rooms from the windows and 5 of them even went into Mr Smith’s garden. This was too much for Mr Smith. He decided to ask the visitors to 6 . So he put a noticeon the window. The notice said, “If you want 7 your curiosity(好奇心),come in and look round. But give me twenty dollars first.”Mr Smith was sure that the visitors would 8 coming, but he was wrong. More and 9 visitors came and Mr Smith had to show them around his house every day.“I came here to 10 not to work as a guide(导游),”he said angrily.At last, he sold the house and moved away.1.A. garden B. shop C. house D. school2. A. liked B. hated C. sold D. had3. A. big B. interesting C. small D. clean4. A. children B. students C. parents D. tourists5. A. no B. little C. many D. much6. A. come B. leave C. stay D. play7. A. to satisfy B. satisfy(满足) C. to satisfying D.satisfying8. A. go on B. stop C. keep D. not9. A.many B. much C. more D. most10. A. look B. work C. watch D. retire三、阅读理解:20%(A)Tom is a little boy, and he is only seven years old. He often goes to the park and the fruit shop himself. Sometimes his mother takes him to the museum.One day he goes to a cinema. It is the first time for him to do that. He buys a ticket and then goes in. But after two or three minutes he comes out, buys a second ticket and goes in again. After a few minutes he comes out again and buys a third ticket. Two or three minutes later he comes out and asks for another ticket. Then the girl in the ticket office asks him before giving him the ticket, "Why do you buy so many tickets? How many friends do you meet?" Tom answer, "No, I have no friends here. Buta big boy always stops me at the door and tears(撕)my ticket into pieces."1.Tom doesn't go to _______himself.A.the parkB.the fruit shopC.the museumD.the cinema2.It is _____time for Tom to go to the cinema.A.the firstB.the secondC.the thirdD.the fourth3.How many tickets does Tom buy from the ticket office?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.4.Which of the following sentences is true?A.Tom goes to the cinema with some friends one day.B.Tom goes to the cinema for some times.C.Tom thinks the big boy lets him in after he tears the ticket.D.Tom doesn't understand what the big boy does.5.The big boy in the cinema is_______.A.a teacherB.a workerC.a sellerD.a student(B)Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It makes your heart and body strong. Children who often exercise are more alert(灵活的).This means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who don’t exercise.There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games, Make sure you exercise in the following ways: you have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough but not too much. It’s best to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or even three sports that feel right for you.You can exercise at fitness centers. They have a lot of equipment(设备)there. The equipment will help exercise your arms, legs and other parts of body to make you fit. Some people buy equipment for their homes. But it is very expensive.Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center, or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?1. In the text, the writer tells us that we all need to .A. drinkB. sleepC. exerciseD. work2. Which of the following sports is not in the text?A. FishingB. RunningC. swimmingD. Walking3. The words “fitness centers” in the text mean .A.商务中心B.健身中心C.购物中心D.医疗中心4. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?A.Exercise makes your heart and body strong.B.Children who don’t exercise are more alert.C.We can exercise at fitness centers.D.Exercising can be fun.5. The writer thinks that it’s best to exercise _______ each week.A. onceB. twiceC. three timesD. four times四、补全对话,选择适当的句子完成对话:10%(A)A: Hey , Lucy! What are you doing for vacation? B: 1 .I ’m leaving on Friday. How about you?A: I’m going to sports camp. B: Oh, cool! 2 .A: On the eleventh. B: 3 . A:What about you,Tom? C:I ’m going to the beach. 4 . A: 5 .B: With my family.(B )A: What’s the matter?B: Hmm …1 I have a cold.A: 2 ?B: Oh, about three days ago.A: 3 . You should get some rest.B: Yes, 4 . A: I hope you feel better soon.B: 5五、单词拼写:10% 1. Most young people want to go abroad for studying at the _________(目前).2. His mother is __________(四十)years old.3. I ’m very __________ (口渴的)after running.4. Tom sometimes goes to school __________(搭乘)subway.5. We hear with our __________ (耳朵).6. The first __________ (功课)is harder than the second one.7. The funny boy often made his classmates __________ (发笑).8. Sam sits _________ (在……之间)Kate and Ann.9. Don ’t __________(担心)about your son. He will be better soon.10.Take the __________(药)three times a day.六、作文:20%有的朋友在性格上很相似,而有的朋友在性格和兴趣爱好上却有很大差异,你喜欢什么样的朋友呢?请用英语写一篇文章介绍一下你最好的朋友,并且谈谈你们的相同点和不同点。
数学八年级(上)目标参考答案2011第十二章 轴对称12.1(1)1.B2.D3.略4.H ,A ,B5. 2条6.(3)n 条12.1(2)1.B2.B3.C4.直线CD 垂直平分线段AB5.一点,相等6.157.先证ACB ∆≌ABD ∆,再证ACO ∆≌DOB ∆8.连结AO9.(1)BGD ∆≌CFD ∆(2)利用两边之和大于第三边:EF CF BE >+12.1(3) 1.略 2 .3.4.(答案不惟一)12.2.1(1)1.C2. B3.25度4.略5. (1) (2)N M1.B2.D3. A4.115度5. 80度6. QM 与PM 的和最小,作Q 关于BC 的对称点Q’,连结PM’与BC 的交点就是M 点7. 作点A 关于直线l 的对称点A’,连结BA’并延长交直线l 与点P8. 连结AE 交BD 于点P9.作B 点关于y 轴B’,点A 关于x 轴对称点A’,连结A’ B’交x 轴与点C ,交y 轴于D 点12.2.21.B2.D3.(2,3)4.m =0.5,n = - 3.55.(3,3),(0,1)或(0,5) 6.略 7.略8.(1)略 (2)(8,-3) (3)(6-a ,0)12.3.1(1)1.D2.C3.D4.55°5.22.5°6.25°7. 45°8.略9.连结AD ,证ΔADE ≌ΔBDF 10.如图.12.3.1(2)1.D2.B3.44.55.略6.略7.略 12.3.2(1)1.D2.B3.120°4.轴5.略6.略7.略8.30° 12.3.2(2)1.C2.C3.A4.B5.86.17.10cm8.连结AD9.连结OE.OF 10.(1)BE =AD ;(2)等边三角形;(3)MN ∥BD. 第十二章综合练习题1.C2.B3.A4.A5.D6. −2,−57. 82.5°8.59.40° 10.(答案不惟一)11.(1)①和②;②和③;(2)图略. 12.90° 13.略 14.略 15.略 16过点D 作DM ∥AC ,交BC 于M 17.(1)略 (2)等腰直角三角形;(3)(如图)点D 是AB 的中点,AD =1.18.略 19.60°第十三章 实数13.1(1)1.C2.C3.D4.(1)16 (2)35.36.(1)算术平方根 (2)4和5 (3)767.11;47;0.5;6 8.34;10;2;3 9.0.1;-53;7;3110.(略) 11.<;<C 313.1(2)1.C2.C3.D4.D5.D6.07.169;±138. ±5,±4; 10.3和4 11.±12,512.±6;± 153;±0.4;±11 3.20;-35;±0.9;6 14.±7;±16;±23; 15.y =—57,y 1011-=5 16.x =±3,y =±21,|x+2y|=4或2 16.0.313.21.B2.C3.D4.C5.D6.07.1,-18.>9.4 10.31- 11.27,3 12.80;-34;5;-7 13.10;-0.6;-2514.-3;4;-1 15.<;< 1 16.8000 17.128π 18. 边长是10米的正方形比较适合13.31..C2.A3.D4.C5.C6.C7.3-3,8.22,14.3-π;3-59.π(答案不惟一) 10.-1 11.152 12.(1) 64,42,20,3.14,1+π (2) 75- ,39- (3)64,42,75- 3.14 , 0 (4) 39-,20,1+π13.(1)322- (2)55103- (3)172- (4)23+ 14. 略15.(1)2(2)—400(3)23±16. P >Q.第十三章综合练习题1. B2.A3.D4.B5.C6.D7.A8.D9.7,—13 10.-2,1.4,—7 11.8± 12.49413. -28 14. <,>,> 15.(1)±20;(2)-0.7;(3)7;(4)-2;(5)略;(6)略;16. .略 17. 20 18. 0.125;0.5 19. A(-22,-22),B(22,-22),C(22,22) ,D(-22,22) 20 . >,< 21. 9cm第十四章 一次函数14.1.11. C 2.C 3.34,π;v ,r 4. m =3n+1;3,1;m ,n5.x30y =;30,x ,y 6.0.4,0.8,1.2,1.6,y =0.4x 7. ①S =x (10-x ),S 和x 是变量,10是常量; ②α=90°-β,α和β是变量, 90°是常量; ③y =30-0.5t ,y 和t 是变量,30和-0.5是常量;8. (1)V =100h ,变量:v ,h ;常量:100;(2) 3700cm ;(3) 3100cm ,35000cm . 14.1.2(1)1. D2.C3.D4.315y x =- 5.y =2x 6.y =90+2x 7. y =π2r + 30πr 8. Q =30—0.5t ,60t 0≤≤,40 9. y =24-6x (0≤x≤11) 自变量:x 自变量的函数:y ;14.1. 2(2) 1.C 2. A 3. 32-4.-14;585.S =4(n —1)7.(1)x 为任意实数 ; (2)x≠21(3)x≤5; (4)x >-3 (5) x≤1且x≠0; (6) x≤1 ;8. (1) v = 331+0.6 t ;(2) 332.5米/秒 ;(3)115℃9. (1) S =x(24-2x) ; (2) 7≤x <12; (3) 当x =10时, s =402m ; (4)x =8,s 最大64; 10. 2110050200s m =⨯= ∵60>50 ∴此时刹车不会有危险. 14.1.3(1)1. B2.B3.B4.(1)100千米;6小时,2小时;(2)摩托车先到达乙地,早到了1小时;(3)骑自行车的先匀速行驶了2小时,行驶40千米后休息了1小时,然后用3小时到达乙地.骑摩托车的在自行车出发3小时后出发,行驶2小时后到达乙地.(4)摩托车行驶的平均速度是50千米/时. 14.1.3(2)1.B2.C3.B4.A5. 图象略;6. (1) (-3.0) (-1,0) (4,0); (0,2.5) (2)(1.5,4);1. 5;大,大,4; (3)上升,增大 (4)-3<x <-1 14.1.3(3)1.A2.B3.B4.100,甲,325米/秒,8米/秒 5.20 6.y =12+1.8(x -10)=1.8x —6 7. (1)y =12+0.5x ;(2) 17cm 8.(1)y =⎩⎨⎧〉-+≤的整数)3)(3(1.02.0)3(2.0t t t (2) 图象略; 9. (1) y =17x+2 ;(2)图象略;(3) 118个; 14.2.1 (1)1. D ;2.C ;3.B ;4.D ;5.C;6.S =80t ;49小时 7. C =2πr ;正比例 ; 8.m≠-2 9.1 ; 10.-3 ; 11.(1)y =4x ,是正比例函数;(2)s =h 25,是正比例函数.(3)y =0.1x ,正比例函数(4)x =28-5y ,不是正比例函数(5)t 2.3y =;是正比例函数14.2.1 (2)1.B2.A3. y =-2x4.k =45. m >326.y =-3x ;7.0,1,减小8.b a -=(a b -=,0=+b a ,相反数)9.二、四,减小 10.答案不惟一 11.6 12.314.2.2(1)1.C 2 .C 3. B 4. y =-x+90 5 .k≠1;k =-1 6.y =75x+100 7. (1)y =-16x+1920;(2) x ≤721, 13人. 8.(1)甲:y =0.7x+3;乙:y =0.85x; (2)一样都是17(3)在甲买30本 14.2.2(2)1.A2.B3.D4.D5.A6.C7.y =-x+38. (3,0) , (0,3) ,299 .一、二、四 ,减小 10. >,> 11. 上 ,3 12.○1○2○4,○1○3,○2○3 13.32- 14. (1) m >-41;(2) m >-1;(3) - 1<m < -4115. y =4x 先到达16. ①y =75x+145(x≥3);②7元;③21元;④20千米 17.(1)y =x+1;(2)m =1或-314.2.2(3)1.D2.C3.B4.y =21x -3 5. 答案不惟一 6.y =x+2 ;x =1 7. ±6 8.31432+-=x y 9. y =2x+2 10. 1 11. 221+-=x y 12. y =-x+313. ①y =x+5;图象略;②12.5 14. y =4x -3 15. y =2x -916. (1) k 1=-2,k 2=-3;(2) (1,0) 17. l 1 : y =-2x ; l 2 : y =3x+5或y = -43x +4518. (1)y =32535+x (2) y =3254.4235+⨯=79,配套 19.54y x =;1525+-=x y 20.(1)y = 39200 -30x (0≤x≤70);(2)x =70时,y 最小=37100元 21. (1)⎩⎨⎧>-=≤≤=)100(25.0)1000(48.0x x y x x y (2)63(元)(3)144度14.3.11. B2. D3. B4. A5. -5,0252=--x ,-2 6. (-4,0)、(0,8),16 7. (-7,0) 8. 2,2 9. 4 10. 图略,3=x 11. 图略,(1)当x =-2时,y =1 (2)当y =3时,x =2 (3)(-4,0)、(0,2) (4)x =4 12. 41714.3.21. A2.. D3. C4. D5. 2>x6. 34-< 7. 2>x 8. (3,0) 9. ①2->x②2-=x ③2-<x 10. (-1,0),1-<x 11. (1)12-≤x (2)2-<x12.(1)1l :1211+=x y ,2l :x y =2 (2)盈利 (3)121-=x y13.(1)x <1500(2)x =1500(3)个体;14. (1)甲树苗400株,乙树苗100株 (2)甲种树苗应不小于200株(3)选购甲树苗300株,乙树苗200株14.3.31.C2. B3.B4.D5.B6.11,17. 114x y =⎧⎨=⎩,(11,4) 8. 21 9. 1,1 10. 72-11. x>5,x<5 12.(1)⎩⎨⎧==12y x (2)⎩⎨⎧-==5.15.1y x 13.24514. (1)30,25;2小时,2.5小时 (2) y = -15x+30 ;y = -10x+25(3) 燃烧1小时,高度相等; 0≤x <1,甲高;1<x <2.5,乙高; 15.(1)(0,1),(0,—2);(2)(1,—1);(3)2 第十四章综合练习题1. D2. C3. B4.A5.A6.C7.D8.D9.A 10. B 11. 2 12. -3 13. x >-2 14. y = 2x+1 15.-1 ,-25 16. y =-43x+27 17. y =1000+1.5x 18.6 19.33-=x y 20.(—6,2)或(—2,6)21.(1)a =1.5,c =6 (2) 1.5y x =(x≤6),627y x =-(x>6) (3)21元 22. x y 34=,153y x =-+或35y x =-,图略 23.图略,(1)x<-3 (2) ⎩⎨⎧-==13y x 24.(1)620.02y x =- (2)180个 25. (1)(—1,1)或(—7,—5) (2)(1,3)第十五章 整式的乘除15.1.11.D2.C3.4,4-,8-4.(1)810 (2)3a (3)5a5. 66.07.nm a a , 8.(1)7m (2)5m - (3)43+m y(4)5)b a -( (5)10102⨯(6)72x (7)0 (8)0 9. (1)18105⨯ (2)1510248.1⨯ 10.b c a 2=+15.1.21.C2.D 3.①65②63-③63④-6a ⑤6x - 4.3 5.96.(1)64 (2)64729(3)6y - (4)10x (5)62x (6)10x (7)12a - (8)24x (9)13-n a 7.32x = 8. 263913324<< 9. 10815.1.31.B2.C3.D4.38m ;42y x 5.3;2x ;x 6.4 ;37.(1)36271y x (2)864b a (3)12a (4)924-a (5)0 8. 52- 9. 8 15.1.4(1)1.A2.D3.D4.(1)357a (2)3361y x - 5.52.510-⨯ 6.(1)366a b (2)23310c b a - (3)99x (4)44371z y x (5)443a b c (6)538x y(7)1121++-n n b a 7.(1)2)1(3-+=x y (2)1215.1.4(2)1.C2.D3. (1)12x x 62+ (2)2293xy y x +- 4.-12 5.(1)3222242a b a b a b +-(2)233242x y x y -+ (3)34512106-x x x ++ (4)545384y x y x +- 6.(1) x 11;311- (2)xy x 3032--;87 15.1.4(3)1.D2.C3.232++x x 4. 3,-28 5.(1)652++x x (2)652-+-x x (3)2249b a - (4)2215196y xy x +- (5)x x x 67223+- (6)2222a ac c b ++-(7)33y x + (8)2212314y xy x -+ 6. 0 7.224y x x =-+ 15.2.11.B2.D3.(1)12-x (2)94-x 4.(1))y x -( (2))(x y - 5.(1)+3y ,x (2)53,a 6.241a - 7.①2499;②40084009 8. =-+))((b a b a 22b a - 9. 减少9 10.(1)492-x (2)21x - (3)249m n - (4)164124-y x (5)22425y a -(6)814-x 11.-2 12.1+n x -1 13. 115.2.21.D2.C3.A4.412+-y y ;mn 4 5.10x ;5 6.6± 7.(1)91242+-x x ; (2)224b a -4ab+1;(3)1442++m m (4)2244b ab a --(5)a b ab a 6222-++96+-b (6)42816x x -+8.xy x 252- 9.ab a -2;5 10. 59-x ;-8 11. 2 12.225-; 13.27 15.3.11. C2. A3.(1)5a (2)3x 4.(1)-27 (2)-3x 5. (1)1 (2)21xy6.(1)6x (2)2a - (3)x (4)13a (5)1 (6) 51032b a - 7.解:根据题意,得.1,01032-=∴⎩⎨⎧=+≠-x x a8. 解:64943)()(32323232=÷=÷=÷=-n m n m nm a a a a a9. 周长=4018)]5(5)3()5([222++=+++++a a a a a a 15.3.2(1)1. B2.D3.(1)4a (2)a (3)24a 4.5104⨯ 5.(1)316x (2)524a b c -;(3)2259x -(4)7289x y - (5)c b a 3716- (6)656432-a a + 6.29.610⨯小时 15.3.2(2)1. C2.(1)1242+-a a (2)m n 23- 3.2m 4.122+-b a 5.(1)224743a b ab -++;(2)544010y xy +- 6.(1)y x 2141-;3017(2)y x 21-,515.4.11.B2.B3.D.4.(1))2(-a a ;(2))13(5--a a5.156-6.(1)- (2)+ (3)-7.(1))1(b ab + (2))431(52a a a +- (3)()239ab a - (4)()22342xyz x y y z xz -+(5)))((b a y x -+ (6))3(-x x (7))1)(1)((-++x x b a (8)()()272---y x y x8. 171.15.4.2(1) 1.A 2.D3.(1))1)(1(-+x x (2))51)(51b b -+( (3))1)(1(3-+a a (4))3)(3(b a b a ab -+. 4.-+=-a b a b a )((22)b5.(1)()()2525a a +- (2))1)(1(-+xy xy (3)()()22ab a b a b +-(4)()()()22422x yx y x y ++- (5))3)(3(8-+x x (6))32)(32)((n m n m n m -++ 6. 0 7. 10215.4.2(2)1.C2.B3.C4.2)(2y x + 5.2)(b a a - 6.(1)1 (2)x 217.±20 8. (1)()223b a -; (2)()231y -; (3)2)21(m +; (4)2)12(-a a(5))1)(1(y x y x -+++;(6)()()c b a c b a --++22 9.b a 25+10.(1)49 (2)))((22b a b a b a -+=-(答案不惟一) 第十五章综合练习题1.C2. B3.D4.C5.三;三6.xy -7. 128x -;5a 8. 1 9.1-b 10.(1)2)3(-x (2))2)(2(-+x x x11.(1)y 5 (2)132+-ab (3)2413x y (4)5445364042a b a b a b -+- (5)4312ab c - (6)223103b ab a -+- 12.322+-a a ,13 13.(1))2(2-x x (2))2)((x y y x -- (3)()2ab a b - (4)()()224x b x b a -+- 14.(1)6 (2)515. ()222222342224a b a b a ab cm πππππ++⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫--=⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭16.(1)425-=x (2)21>x 17. 1。
数学八年级(上)目标参考答案2010.8第十一章 全等三角形11.11.D2.A3.D4.B C ;∠D ;∠DBA5. 50°,66.DC ,∠BFC7.∠ABC =70°8.周长为12,面积为69.相等且垂直 10.∠F ,FC 11.80°12.(1)对应边:AB 和AD , BC 和DE ,AC 和AE ; 对应角:∠B 和∠D ,∠BAC 和∠DAE .(2)∵△ABC ≌△ADE ∴DE =BC =5cm .13.∠OAD =95°.14.BE =DC 且BE ⊥DC . 证明:如图,∵△ACD ≌△AEB ∴BE =DC .∠ADC =∠ABE.又∵∠AOD =∠BOC ∴∠BPO =∠DAO =90°∴BE ⊥DC .11.2(1)1. C2. A3. 20°4. SSS 公理5. 证明:∵AE =DB (已知)∴AE+ BE =DB+ BE 即 AB = DE .在△ABC 与△DEF 中,BC = EF (已知) ∴△ABC ≌△DEF ( SSS ) 6. 用SSS 公理直接证明.7. 先用SSS 公理证△ABC ≌△DCB ,再得∠ACB =∠DBC ;(2)由△ABC ≌△DCB ,可得∠ABC =∠DCB ,再用∠ABC -∠ACB =∠DCB -∠DBC ,就得到∠1=∠2.8. (1)∵D 是BC 中点,∴BD =CD ,再用SSS 证△ABD ≌△ACD. (2)由△ABD ≌△ACD ,可得∠ADB =∠ADC ,∵∠ADB+∠ADC =180°,∴∠ADB =90°,∴AD ⊥BC. (3) 由△ABD ≌△ACD ,可得∠BAD =∠CAD ,∵∠BAD =25°,∴∠BAC =2∠BAD =50°. 9. 连接AC ,用SSS 证△ABC ≌△ADC ,可得∠B =∠D11.2 (2)DO EDC B AP1. D2. B3. C4. △AEC,SAS5. AB=DE6. ∵∠1=∠2(已知),∴∠1﹢∠_DAE_=∠2﹢∠_DAE__即∠_BAE__=∠__CAD__.在△__ABE___和△_ACD___中,__AB__=_AC_(已知),∠_BAE__=∠__CAD__(已证). 图11 -26_AE__=_AD__(已知)∴△_BAE_≌△_CAD_(SAS ).7. ∵DC⊥CA,EA⊥CA,∴∠C=∠A=90°,用SAS证△DCB≌△BAE.8. ∵AD=AE,BD=CE,∴AD+BD=AE+CE,∴AB=AC 再用SAS证△ADC≌△AEB.9. (1)∵AB∥ED,∴∠A=∠D,∵AF=DC,∴AF+FC=DC+FC,即AC=DF 再用SAS 证△ABC≌△DEF,得到BC=EF (2)由△ABC≌△DEF,得到∠BCA=∠EFD,∴BC∥EF.10. 连接AC.AD,先用SAS证△ABC≌△AED,得到AC=AD,又∵F是CD中点,∴CF=DF,再用SSS证△ACF≌△ADF,得到∠AFC=∠AFD,∵∠AFC+∠AFD=180°,∴∠AFC=90°,∴AF⊥CD.11.2 (3)1. C2. B3. 54.AC=AB或BD=CE5.AC∥DF或∠A=∠D6. ∠D=∠E或∠DAC=EAB或∠DAB=∠EAC.7. ∵AD∥BC,DF∥BE ∴∠A=∠C,∠AFD=∠CEB,再用AAS证△ADF≌△CBE.8. ∵∠1=∠2,∠CAD=∠DBC,∴∠1+∠CAD=∠2+∠DBC,即∠CAB=∠DBA,再用AAS 证△CAB≌△DBA,得到AC=BD.9. ∵BM∥CN,∴∠ABM=∠D,∵AC=BD,∴AC+CB=BD+CB,即AB=CD 再用AAS证△ABM≌△CDN,得到∠A=∠DCN,∴MN∥CN.10. 可补充的条件有:∠B=∠D(用AAS证明);∠E=∠C(可用ASA证明);AD=AB (可用SAS证明)等.11. 先证∠EAC=∠ABD(同角的余角相等),再用AAS证△ABD≌△CAE,得到AD=CE,BD=AE,∴BD=AE=AD+DE=CE+ED ∴BD=EC+ED.11.2 (4)1. C2. C3. D4. AB =AC ,AAS5. 3对儿6. ∵AD ⊥BD ,AE ⊥EC ∴∠ADB =∠AEC =90°然后用HL 证△ABD ≌△ACE7. ∵AE =BF ,∴AE+EF =BF+EF ,即AF =BE 再用HL 证△ACF ≌△DBE8. ∵DE =CF ∴DE -EF =CF -EF 即DF =CE 再用HL 证△ADF ≌△BCE ,得到∠D =∠C. 9. 因为AC ⊥CE ,BD ⊥DF 所以∠ACE =∠BDF =90° 在Rt △ACE 和Rt △BDF 中 AE =BF (已知) AC =BD (已知) ∴Rt △ACE ≌Rt △BDF (HL ) ∴∠A =∠B ∵AE =BF ∴AE+EF =BF+EF 即AF =BE 在△ACF 和△BDE 中∴△ACF ≌△BDE (SAS ) ∴CF =DE10.可选择:△AA′E ≌△C′CF ,△A′DF ≌△CBE (证明略.)11.2 (5)1. B2. B3. D4. HL5. 120°6. ∵AB ∥CD ,∴∠B =∠D 再用ASA 证△ABE ≌△CDF 得到AE =CF7. 先用HL 证△ABF ≌△ACG ,得到∠BAF =∠CAG ,∴∠BAF -∠BAC =∠CAG -∠BAC 即∠DAF =∠EAG 再用AAS 证△GAE ≌△DAF ,得到AD =AE.8. 先用SSS 证△AED ≌△ABE ,得到∠DAE =∠BAE ,再用SAS 证△DAC ≌△BAC ,得到CB =CD.9. 先用等角的余角相等证明∠C =∠F ,再用AAS 证△ABC ≌△DFE ,得到AC =EF 10. (1)已知:OA =OC ,OB =OD ,求证:AB ∥DC.证明:可证△OAB ≌△OCD (SAS )∴∠OAB =∠OCD ∴AB ∥CD (2)已知:OA =OC ,AB ∥DC ,求证:OB =OD.证明:可证△OAB ≌△OCD (AAS )∴OB =OD (3)已知:AB ∥DC ,OB =OD ,求证:OA =OC.证明:可证△OAB ≌△OCD (AAS )∴OA =OC.11. (1)①与∠A 相等的角是∠BOD (或∠COE );②证明:如图,作CG ⊥BE 于G 点,作BF ⊥CD 交CD 延长线于F 点.因为∠DCB=∠EBC=12∠A ,BC 为公共边, 所以△BCF ≌△CBG . 所以BF=CG .因为∠BDF=∠ABE+∠EBC+∠DCB ,∠BEC=∠ABE+∠A , 所以∠BDF=∠BEC . 可证△BDF ≌△CEG . 所以BD=CE . (2)成立 11.3 (1)1.A2.到角两边距离相等的所有3.3,角平分线上的点到角两边的距离相等4.BD =75.128cm 26.证明:由已知可得OD =OF.可证△ODG ≌△OFE (ASA )∴OE =OG .7.(1)△ABP 与△PCD 不全等.理由:不具备全等的条件. (2)△ABP 与△PCD 的面积相等.理由:等底等高. 8.证明:连接BE 、CE ,可证△BED ≌△CED (SAS )从而可证Rt △EBF ≌Rt △ECG (HL )∴BF =CG .9.可证DE =DA ,∠BED =∠BAD =90°,CE+DE+CD =CE+AD+CD =CE+AC =CE+AB ∵BD 是角平分线∴∠EBD =∠ABD ,可证△BED ≌△BAD (AAS )∴EB =AB ∴CE+DE+CD =CE+AD+CD =CE+AB =CE+EB =12cm 10.作EN ⊥CA ,EM ⊥BD ,EP ⊥CB ,垂足分别是N 、M 、P . ∵∠ABD =∠ABC -∠CBD =105°-30°=75°,∠AFB =180°-105°=75°,∴∠AFB =∠ABD ,∵EM ⊥BD 于M ,EP ⊥CB 于P ,∴EP =EM ,又CE 平分∠ACB ,EN ⊥CA ,EP ⊥CB ,∴EN =EP ,∴EN =EM , ∴ED 平分∠ADB , ∴∠ADE =21∠ADB =21×70°=35°.11.3 (2) 1.A 2.∠A 3.∠DAP =18° 4.∵BD ⊥AM ,CE ⊥AN ,∴∠FDC =∠FEB =90° 又∵∠DFC =∠EFB ,BF =CF ∴△DFM ≌△EFB(AAS) ∴FD =FE ∵BD ⊥AM ,CE ⊥AN ,∴点F 在∠A 的平分线上. 5.过P 作PE ⊥AC 于E . ∵P A ,PC 分别为∠MAC 与∠NCA 的平分线.且PD ⊥BM ,PF ⊥BN ∴PD =PE ,PF =PE ,∴PD =PF又∵PD ⊥BM ,PF ⊥BN ,∴点P 在∠MBN 的平分线上, 即BP 是∠MBN 的平分线.6.作CE ⊥AB 于E ,CF ⊥AD 交AD 的延长线于F .∵AC 平分∠BAD ,∴CE =CF . 在△CBE 和Rt △CDF 中,∵CE =CF ,CB =CD , ∴Rt △CBE ≌Rt △CDF ,∴∠B =∠1,∵∠1+∠ADC =180°, ∴∠B +∠ADC =180°, 即∠B +∠D =180°.NMP F E D CB A 17.证明:过点P 作PE ⊥DC ,垂足是E ,∴3490A ===︒∠∠∠,∵DP 平分∠ADC ,∴12=∠∠, ∴PA PE =,∵P 为AB 的中点,∴PA PB PE PB ==,, ∵90AD BC A =︒,∥∠,∴∠B =90°. ∴AB ⊥BC. ∴P 点在∠DCB 的平分线上. ∴CP 平分∠DCB .8.(1)FE =FD ; (2)成立.证明:过F 作FM ⊥AB 于M ,过F 作FN ⊥BC 于N ∴FM =FN ,∠EMF =∠DNF =90°∵∠ABC =60°∴∠MEF =∠BAC+∠ACE =12 ∠BAC+12 (∠BAC+∠ACB )=12 ∠BAC+60°,∠NDF =∠ABC+∠BAD =60°+12∠BAC ∴∠MEF =∠NDF.∴△EMF ≌△DNF (AAS )∴FE =FN.第十一章综合练习题1.C2.B3.C4.B5.B6.D7.D8.60°9.BC =EF(答案不惟一) 10.7,2,20 11.110° 12.1<AD <3 13.可证△ADE ≌△BFE (AAS )∴AE = BE 14.先证△AOC ≌△BOD ,再证 △ACE ≌△BDF ,或△COE ≌△DOF ∴CE =DF 15.AD 是△ABC 的中线 证明:由△BDE ≌△CDF (AAS ) ∴BD =CD ∴AD 是△ABC 的中线. 16.Rt △DEC ≌Rt △BFA(HL) ∴AF CE = ∠C =∠A ,∴AB CD ∥ 17.AD 平分∠BAC DE ⊥AB 于E ,DF ⊥AC 于F ,∴DE =DF 又∵DB =DC ∴Rt △DBE ≌Rt △DCF(HL) ∴EB =FC 18.过D 作DE ⊥AB ,交AB 于E 点,则E 点即可满足要求. ∵AD 平分∠CAB 且CD ⊥AC .ED ⊥AB , ∴CD =DE .由“H L”可证Rt △ACD ≌Rt △AED . ∴AC =AE .∵AC =BC ∴AE =CB ∴L △BDE =BD +DE +EB =BD +DC +EB =BC +EB =AC +EB =AE +EB =AB .4321BACFED19.证明:在AB 上截取AF ,使AF =AD ,连接EF.BCAD AB BC BF ECB EFB BE BE 43C BFE ECB EFB C,BFE 180AFE BFE 180C D BC //AD AFE ADE AFE ADE AE AE 21AF AD AFE ADE +=,=,=,=,中,和在,又=+,,=,=,=,=中,和在∴∴∆≅∆∴∠∠∠=∠∆∆∠=∠∴︒=∠+∠︒∠∠∴∠∠∴∆≅∆∴∠∠∆∆20.(1) ① ∵∠ADC =∠ACB =90° ∴∠CAD+∠ACD =90° ∴∠BCE+∠ACD =90° ∴∠CAD =∠BCE ∵AC =BC ∴△ADC ≌△CEB ② ∵△ADC ≌△CEB ∴CE =AD ,CD =BE ∴DE =CE+CD =AD+BE (2) ∵∠ADC =∠CEB =∠ACB =90° ∴∠ACD =∠CBE 又∵AC =BC ∴△ACD ≌△CBE ∴CE =AD ,CD =BE ∴DE =CE -CD =AD -BE(3) 当MN 旋转到图3的位置时,AD.DE.BE 所满足的等量关系是DE =BE -AD(或AD =BE -DE ,BE =AD+DE 等) ∵∠ADC =∠CEB =∠ACB =90° ∴∠ACD =∠CBE , 又∵AC =BC , ∴△ACD ≌△CBE , ∴AD =CE ,CD =BE , ∴DE =CD -CE =BE -AD.第十二章 轴对称12.1(1)1.B2.D3.略4.H ,A ,B5. 2条6.(3)n 条12.1(2)1.B2.B3.C4.直线CD 垂直平分线段AB5.一点,相等6.157.先证ACB ∆≌ABD ∆,再证ACO ∆≌DOB ∆8.连结AO9.(1)BGD ∆≌CFD ∆(2)利用两边之和大于第三边:EF CF BE >+12.1(3) 1.略 2 .3.N M4.(答案不惟一)12.2.1(1)1.C2. B3.25度4.略5. (1)(2)12.2.1(2)1.B2.D3. A4.115度 5. 80度6. QM与PM 的和最小,作Q关于BC的对称点Q’,连结PM’与BC的交点就是M点7. 作点A关于直线l的对称点A’,连结BA’并延长交直线l与点P 8. 连结AE交BD于点P 9.作B点关于y轴B’,点A关于x轴对称点A’,连结A’ B’交x轴与点C,交y轴于D点12.2.21.B2.D3.(2,3)4.m=0.5,n=-3.55.(3,3),(0,1)或(0,5)6.略7.略8.(1)略(2)(8,-3)(3)(6-a,0)12.3.1(1)1.D2.C3.D4.55°5.22.5°6.25°7. 45°8.略9.连结AD,证ΔADE≌ΔBDF 10.如图.12.3.1(2)1.D2.B3.44.55.略6.略7.略12.3.2(1)1.D2.B3.120°4.轴5.略6.略7.略8.30°12.3.2(2)1.C2.C3.A4.B5.86.17.10cm8.连结AD9.连结OE.OF 10.(1)BE=AD;(2)等边三角形;(3)MN∥BD.第十二章综合练习题1.C2.B3.A4.A5.D6. −2,−57. 82.5°8.59.40°10.(答案不惟一)C311.(1)①和②;②和③;(2)图略. 12.90° 13.略 14.略 15.略 16过点D 作DM ∥AC ,交BC 于M 17.(1)略 (2)等腰直角三角形;(3)(如图)点D 是AB 的中点,AD =1.18.略 19.60°第十三章 实数13.1(1)1.C2.C3.D4.(1)16 (2)35.36.(1)算术平方根 (2)4和5 (3)767.11;47;0.5;6 8.34;10;2;3 9.0.1;-53;7;3110.(略) 11.<;< 12.(略) 13.1(2)1.C2.C3.D4.D5.D6.07.169;±138. ±5,±4; 10.3和4 11.±12,512.±6;± 153;±0.4;±11 3.20;-35;±0.9;6 14.±7;±16;±23; 15.y =—57,y 1011-=5 16.x =±3,y =±21,|x+2y|=4或2 16.0.313.21.B2.C3.D4.C5.D6.07.1,-18.>9.4 10.31- 11.27,3 12.80;-34;5;-7 13.10;-0.6;-2514.-3;4;-1 15.<;< 1 16.8000 17.128π 18. 边长是10米的正方形比较适合13.31..C2.A3.D4.C5.C6.C7.3-3,8.22,14.3-π;3-59.π(答案不惟一) 10.-1 11.152 12.(1) 64,42,20,3.14,1+π (2) 75- ,39- (3)64,42,75- 3.14 , 0 (4) 39-,20,1+π13.(1)322- (2)55103- (3)172- (4)23+ 14. 略15.(1)2(2)—400(3)23±16. P >Q.第十三章综合练习题1. B2.A3.D4.B5.C6.D7.A8.D9.7,—13 10.-2,1.4,—7 11.8± 12.49413. -28 14. <,>,> 15.(1)±20;(2)-0.7;(3)7;(4)-2;(5)略;(6)略;16. .略 17. 20 18. 0.125;0.5 19. A(-22,-22),B(22,-22),C(22,22) ,D(-22,22) 20 . >,< 21. 9cm第十四章 一次函数14.1.11. C 2.C 3. 34,π;v ,r 4. m =3n+1;3,1;m ,n 5.x30y =;30,x ,y 6.0.4,0.8,1.2,1.6,y =0.4x 7. ①S =x (10-x ),S 和x 是变量,10是常量; ②α=90°-β,α和β是变量, 90°是常量; ③y =30-0.5t ,y 和t 是变量,30和-0.5是常量;8. (1)V =100h ,变量:v ,h ;常量:100;(2) 3700cm ;(3) 3100cm ,35000cm . 14.1.2(1)1. D2.C3.D4.315y x =- 5.y =2x 6.y =90+2x 7. y =π2r + 30πr 8. Q =30—0.5t ,60t 0≤≤,40 9. y =24-6x (0≤x≤11) 自变量:x 自变量的函数:y ;14.1. 2(2) 1.C 2. A 3. 32-4.-14;585.S =4(n —1)7.(1)x 为任意实数 ; (2)x≠21(3)x≤5; (4)x >-3 (5) x≤1且x≠0;(6) x≤1 ;8. (1) v = 331+0.6 t ;(2) 332.5米/秒 ;(3)115℃9. (1) S =x(24-2x) ; (2) 7≤x <12; (3) 当x =10时, s =402m ; (4)x =8,s 最大64; 10. 2110050200s m =⨯= ∵60>50 ∴此时刹车不会有危险. 14.1.3(1)1. B2.B3.B4.(1)100千米;6小时,2小时;(2)摩托车先到达乙地,早到了1小时;(3)骑自行车的先匀速行驶了2小时,行驶40千米后休息了1小时,然后用3小时到达乙地.骑摩托车的在自行车出发3小时后出发,行驶2小时后到达乙地.(4)摩托车行驶的平均速度是50千米/时. 14.1.3(2)1.B2.C3.B4.A5. 图象略;6. (1) (-3.0) (-1,0) (4,0); (0,2.5) (2)(1.5,4);1. 5;大,大,4; (3)上升,增大 (4)-3<x <-114.1.3(3)1.A2.B3.B4.100,甲,325米/秒,8米/秒 5.20 6.y =12+1.8(x -10)=1.8x —6 7. (1)y =12+0.5x ;(2) 17cm 8.(1)y =⎩⎨⎧〉-+≤的整数)3)(3(1.02.0)3(2.0t t t (2) 图象略; 9. (1) y =17x+2 ;(2)图象略;(3) 118个; 14.2.1 (1)1. D ;2.C ;3.B ;4.D ;5.C;6.S =80t ;49小时 7. C =2πr ;正比例 ; 8.m≠-2 9.1 ; 10.-3 ; 11.(1)y =4x ,是正比例函数;(2)s =h 25,是正比例函数.(3)y =0.1x ,正比例函数(4)x =28-5y ,不是正比例函数(5)t 2.3y =;是正比例函数 14.2.1 (2)1.B2.A3. y =-2x4.k =45. m >326.y =-3x ;7.0,1,减小8.b a -=(a b -=,0=+b a ,相反数)9.二、四,减小 10.答案不惟一 11.6 12.314.2.2(1)1.C 2 .C 3. B 4. y =-x+90 5 .k≠1;k =-1 6.y =75x+100 7. (1)y =-16x+1920;(2) x ≤721, 13人. 8.(1)甲:y =0.7x+3;乙:y =0.85x; (2)一样都是17(3)在甲买30本 14.2.2(2)1.A2.B3.D4.D5.A6.C7.y =-x+38. (3,0) , (0,3) ,299 .一、二、四 ,减小 10. >,> 11. 上 ,3 12.○1○2○4,○1○3,○2○3 13.32- 14. (1) m >-41;(2) m >-1;(3) - 1<m < -4115. y =4x 先到达16. ①y =75x+145(x≥3);②7元;③21元;④20千米 17.(1)y =x+1;(2)m =1或-314.2.2(3)1.D2.C3.B4.y =21x -3 5. 答案不惟一 6.y =x+2 ;x =1 7. ±6 8.31432+-=x y 9. y =2x+2 10. 1 11. 221+-=x y 12. y =-x+313. ①y =x+5;图象略;②12.5 14. y =4x -3 15. y =2x -916. (1) k 1=-2,k 2=-3;(2) (1,0) 17. l 1 : y =-2x ; l 2 : y =3x+5或y = -43x +4518. (1)y =32535+x (2) y =3254.4235+⨯=79,配套 19.54y x =;1525+-=x y 20.(1)y = 39200 -30x (0≤x≤70);(2)x =70时,y 最小=37100元21. (1)⎩⎨⎧>-=≤≤=)100(25.0)1000(48.0x x y x x y (2)63(元)(3)144度14.3.11. B2. D3. B4. A5. -5,0252=--x ,-2 6. (-4,0)、(0,8),16 7. (-7,0) 8. 2,2 9. 4 10. 图略,3=x 11. 图略,(1)当x =-2时,y =1 (2)当y =3时,x =2 (3)(-4,0)、(0,2) (4)x =4 12. 41714.3.21. A2.. D3. C4. D5. 2>x6. 34-< 7. 2>x 8. (3,0) 9. ①2->x②2-=x ③2-<x 10. (-1,0),1-<x 11. (1)12-≤x (2)2-<x12.(1)1l :1211+=x y ,2l :x y =2 (2)盈利 (3)121-=x y13.(1)x <1500(2)x =1500(3)个体;14. (1)甲树苗400株,乙树苗100株 (2)甲种树苗应不小于200株(3)选购甲树苗300株,乙树苗200株14.3.31.C2. B3.B4.D5.B6.11,17. 114x y =⎧⎨=⎩,(11,4) 8. 21 9. 1,1 10. 72-11. x>5,x<5 12.(1)⎩⎨⎧==12y x (2)⎩⎨⎧-==5.15.1y x 13.24514. (1)30,25;2小时,2.5小时 (2) y = -15x+30 ;y = -10x+25(3) 燃烧1小时,高度相等; 0≤x <1,甲高;1<x <2.5,乙高; 15.(1)(0,1),(0,—2);(2)(1,—1);(3)2 第十四章综合练习题1. D2. C3. B4.A5.A6.C7.D8.D9.A 10. B 11. 2 12. -3 13. x >-2 14. y = 2x+1 15.-1 ,-25 16. y =-43x+27 17. y =1000+1.5x 18.6 19.33-=x y 20.(—6,2)或(—2,6)21.(1)a =1.5,c =6 (2) 1.5y x =(x≤6),627y x =-(x>6) (3)21元 22. x y 34=,153y x =-+或35y x =-,图略 23.图略,(1)x<-3 (2) ⎩⎨⎧-==13y x 24.(1)620.02y x =- (2)180个 25. (1)(—1,1)或(—7,—5) (2)(1,3)第十五章 整式的乘除15.1.11.D2.C3.4,4-,8-4.(1)810 (2)3a (3)5a 5. 6 6.0 7.nm a a ,8.(1)7m (2)5m - (3)43+m y (4)5)b a -( (5)10102⨯(6)72x (7)0 (8)0 9. (1)18105⨯ (2)1510248.1⨯ 10.b c a 2=+15.1.21.C2.D 3.①65②63-③63④-6a ⑤6x - 4.3 5.96.(1)64 (2)64729(3)6y - (4)10x (5)62x (6)10x (7)12a - (8)24x (9)13-n a 7.32x = 8. 263913324<< 9. 10815.1.31.B2.C3.D4.38m ;42y x 5.3;2x ;x 6.4 ;37.(1)36271y x (2)864b a (3)12a (4)924-a (5)0 8. 52- 9. 8 15.1.4(1)1.A2.D3.D4.(1)357a (2)3361y x - 5.52.510-⨯ 6.(1)366a b (2)23310c b a - (3)99x (4)44371z y x (5)443a b c (6)538x y(7)1121++-n n b a 7.(1)2)1(3-+=x y (2)1215.1.4(2)1.C2.D3. (1)12x x 62+ (2)2293xy y x +- 4.-12 5.(1)3222242a b a b a b +-(2)233242x y x y -+ (3)34512106-x x x ++ (4)545384y x y x +-6.(1) x 11;311- (2)xy x 3032--;87 15.1.4(3)1.D2.C3.232++x x 4. 3,-28 5.(1)652++x x (2)652-+-x x(3)2249b a - (4)2215196y xy x +- (5)x x x 67223+- (6)2222a ac c b ++-(7)33y x + (8)2212314y xy x -+ 6. 0 7.224y x x =-+ 15.2.11.B2.D3.(1)12-x (2)94-x 4.(1))y x -( (2))(x y - 5.(1)+3y ,x (2)53,a 6.241a - 7.①2499;②40084009 8. =-+))((b a b a 22b a - 9. 减少9 10.(1)492-x (2)21x - (3)249m n - (4)164124-y x (5)22425y a -(6)814-x 11.-2 12.1+n x-1 13. 115.2.21.D2.C3.A4.412+-y y ;mn 4 5.10x ;5 6.6± 7.(1)91242+-x x ;(2)224b a -4ab+1;(3)1442++m m (4)2244b ab a -- (5)a b ab a 6222-++96+-b (6)42816x x -+ 8.xy x 252- 9.ab a -2;5 10. 59-x ;-8 11. 2 12.225-; 13.27 15.3.11. C2. A3.(1)5a (2)3x 4.(1)-27 (2)-3x 5. (1)1 (2)21xy6.(1)6x (2)2a - (3)x (4)13a (5)1 (6) 51032b a - 7.解:根据题意,得.1,01032-=∴⎩⎨⎧=+≠-x x a8. 解:64943)()(32323232=÷=÷=÷=-n m n m nm a a a a a9. 周长=4018)]5(5)3()5([222++=+++++a a a a a a 15.3.2(1)1. B2.D3.(1)4a (2)a (3)24a 4.5104⨯ 5.(1)316x (2)524a b c -;(3)2259x -(4)7289x y - (5)c b a 3716- (6)656432-a a + 6.29.610⨯小时 15.3.2(2)1. C2.(1)1242+-a a (2)m n 23- 3.2m 4.122+-b a 5.(1)224743a b ab -++;(2)544010y xy +- 6.(1)y x 2141-;3017(2)y x 21-,515.4.11.B2.B3.D.4.(1))2(-a a ;(2))13(5--a a5.156-6.(1)- (2)+ (3)-7.(1))1(b ab + (2))431(52a a a +- (3)()239ab a - (4)()22342xyz x y y z xz -+(5)))((b a y x -+ (6))3(-x x (7))1)(1)((-++x x b a (8)()()272---y x y x8. 171.15.4.2(1)1.A2.D3.(1))1)(1(-+x x (2))51)(51b b -+( (3))1)(1(3-+a a (4))3)(3(b a b a ab -+. 4.-+=-a b a b a )((22)b5.(1)()()2525a a +- (2))1)(1(-+xy xy (3)()()22ab a b a b +-(4)()()()22422x yx y x y ++- (5))3)(3(8-+x x (6))32)(32)((n m n m n m -++ 6. 0 7. 10215.4.2(2)1.C2.B3.C4.2)(2y x +5.2)(b a a -6.(1)1 (2)x 217.±20 8. (1)()223b a -; (2)()231y -; (3)2)21(m +; (4)2)12(-a a (5))1)(1(y x y x -+++;(6)()()c b a c b a --++22 9.b a 25+10.(1)49 (2)))((22b a b a b a -+=-(答案不惟一) 第十五章综合练习题1.C2. B3.D4.C5.三;三6.xy -7. 128x -;5a 8. 1 9.1-b 10.(1)2)3(-x (2))2)(2(-+x x x11.(1)y 5 (2)132+-ab (3)2413x y (4)5445364042a b a b a b -+- (5)4312ab c - (6)223103b ab a -+- 12.322+-a a ,13 13.(1))2(2-x x (2))2)((x y y x -- (3)()2ab a b - (4)()()224x b x b a -+- 14.(1)6 (2)515. ()222222342224a b a b a ab cm πππππ++⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫--= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭16.(1)425-=x (2)21>x 17. 1。
八年级数学目标复习检测卷附答案一、选择题共10小题,每题3分,共30分1.下列各式中是二次根式的是a.b.c.d.2.要使二次根式有意义,x的取值范围是a.x≠b.x>c.x≥d.x≥6-3.下列计算正确的是a.b.c.d.4.等式成立的条件是a.x>1b.x<-1c.x≤-1d.x≥15.△abc的三边分别为下列各组值,其中不是直角三角形三边的是a.a=41,b=40,c=9b.a=1.2,b=1.6,c=2c.a=,b=,c=d.a=,b=,c=16.例如图,平行四边形abcd中,e、f就是对角线bd上的两点,如果嵌入一个条件并使△abe≌△cdf,则嵌入的条件无法就是a.ae=cfb.be=fdc.bf=ded.∠1=∠27.若,,则x2-y2的值a.b.c.0d.28.△abc中,ab=15,ac=13,bc边上的高ad=12,则△abc的周长为a.42b.32c.42或32d.37或339.勾股定理是几何中的一个重要定理.在我国古算书《周髀算经》中就有“若勾三,股四,则弦五”的记载.如图1是由边长相等的小正方形和直角三角形构成的,可以用其面积关系验证勾股定理.图2是由图1放入矩形内得到的,∠bac=90°,ab=3,ac=4,点d,e,f,g,h,i都在矩形klmj的边上,则矩形klmj的面积为a.90b.100c.110d.12110.如图,ad为等边△abc边bc上的高,ab=4,ae=1,p为高ad上任意一点,则ep+bp的最小值为a、b.c.d.二、填空题共6小题,每题3分,共18分11.若是整数,则最轻的正整数a的值就是_________12.化简:=________;=________;=________;13.例如图,圆柱形容器杯低16cm,底面周长20cm,在距杯底3cm的点b处为一滴蜂蜜,此时蚂蚁在离杯上沿2cm与蜂蜜相对的a处为,则蚂蚁从a处爬到至b处的蜂蜜最短距离为________14.已知a、b为有理数,m、n分别表示的整数部分和小数部分,且amn+bn2=1,则2a+b=________15.例如图就是一个外轮廓为矩形的机器零件平面示意图,根据图中的尺寸单位:mm,排序两圆孔中心a和b的距离为_________mm16.如图,在等边三角形△abc中,射线ad四等分∠bac交bc于点d,其中∠bad>∠cad,则=________三、答疑题共8小题,共72分后17.本题8分排序:1218.本题8分如图,在平行四边形abcd中,∠c=60°,m、n分别是ad、bc的中点,bc=2cd1澄清:四边形mncd就是平行四边形2求证:bd=mn19.本题8分后1未知,,谋的值2求代数式20.本题8分如图①就是一个直角三角形纸片,∠a=30°,bc=4cm,将其卷曲,使点c 落到斜边上的点c′处,折痕为bd,例如图②,再将②沿de卷曲,使点a落到dc′的延长线上的点a′处,例如图③1求证:ad=bd2谋折痕de的长21.本题8分正方形网格中的每个小正方形边长都为1,每个小正方形的顶点叫格点,分别按下列要求画以格点为顶点三角形和平行四边形.1三角形三边短为4,、2平行四边形有一锐角为45°,且面积为622.本题10分如图,在平行四边形abcd中,ab=6,∠bad的平分线与bc的延长线处设点e、与dc处设点f,且点f为边dc的中点,∠adc的平分线交ab于点m,交ae于点n,相连接de1求证:bc=ce2若dm=2,谋de的长23.本题10分在四边形abcd中,ab=ac,∠abc=∠adc=45°,bd=6,dc=41当d、b在ac同侧时,谋ad的长2当d、b在ac两侧时,求ad的长24.本题12分如图,在平面直角坐标系则中,∠aco=90°,∠aoc=30°,分别以ao、co为边向外并作等边三角形△aod和等边三角形△coe,df⊥ao于f,连de交ao于g1求证:△dfg≌△eog2b为ad的中点,连hg,澄清:cd=2hg3在2的条件下,ac=4,若m为ac的中点,求mg的长一、1c2c3c4d5c6a7a8c9c10b9.提示:如图,延长ab交kf于点o,延长ac交gm于点p∴四边形aolp就是正方形,边长ao=ab﹢ac=3﹢4=7∴kl=3﹢7=10,lm=4﹢7=11,∴矩形klmj的面积为10×11=110二、11.512.;;13.14.2<<32<5-<3m=2,n=3-23-a+3-2b=16a+16b-2a+6b=1,∵a、b为有理数,∴6a+16b=1且2a+6b=0,解得a=1.5,b=-0.52a+b=3-0.5=2.515.15016.作dm⊥ab或nd⊥bc三、17.求解:1;218.证明:1∵abcd是平行四边形∴ad=bc,ad∥bc∵m、n分别就是ad、bc的中点∴md=nc,md∥nc∴mncd是平行四边形2例如图:相连接nd∵mncd是平行四边形∴mn=dc∵n是bc的中点∴bn=cn∵bc=2cd,∠c=60°∴△ncd就是等边三角形∴nd=nc,∠dnc=60°∵∠dnc是△bnd的外角∴∠nbd﹢∠ndb=∠dnc∵dn=nc=nb∴∠dbn=∠bdn=∠dnc=30°∴∠bdc=90°∴db=dc=mn19.解:18;2120.证明:1由凸状所述,bc′=bc=4在rt△abc中,∠a=30°,bc=4cm∴ab=2bc=8cm∴ac′=8-4=4cm∴ac′=bc′又∠dc′b=∠c=90°∴dc′为线段ab的垂直平分线∴ad=bd2∠edc′=30°在r t△dcb中,∠dbc′=30°∴dc′==在rt△dc′e中,∠edc′=30°∴de=dc′=21.例如图:22.证明:1ae平分∠bad∠dae=∠bae=∠afd∴ad=fd又∠efc=∠afd,∠fec=∠fad∴∠efc=∠cef∴ce=cf∵f为cd的中点∴ce=cf=df=ad=bc2连接fm则四边形adfm为菱形∴dm⊥af,dn=mn=1∴an=nf=,en=在rt△dne中,23.解:1过点a作ae⊥ad交dc的延长线于e∵∠adc=45°∴△ade为等腰直角三角形∵ab=ac,∠abc=45°∴△abc为全等直角三角形可以证:△abd≌△acesas∴ce=bd=6,de=10∴ad=de=2过点a作ae⊥ad且使ae=ad,相连接ce由此可知:△abd≌△acesas ∴bd=ec=6,∠cde=∠adc﹢∠ade=90°在rt△cde中,∴ad=de=24.证明:1∵∠aoc=30°∴∠goe=90°设ac=a,则oa=2a,oe=oc=在等边△aod中,df⊥oa∴df=∴df=oe由此可知:△dfg≌△eogaas2连接ae∵h、g分别为ad、de的中点∴hg∥ae,hg=ae根据共顶点等腰三角形的转动模型可以证:△doc≌△aoesas∴dc=ae∴dc=2hg 3连接hm∵h、m分别为ad、ac的中点∴hm=cd∴hm=hg又∠dhg=∠dae=60°+∠oae=60°+∠odc∠ahm=∠adc∴∠mhg=180°-∠ahm-∠dhg=180°-∠adc-60°-∠odc=120°-∠adc-∠odc=120°-∠aod=60°∴△hmg为等边三角形∵ac=4∴oa=od=8,oc=,cd=∴mg=hg=cd=猜你感兴趣:。
学习目标与检测物理八年级上册答案
学习目标
1.掌握物理八年级上册各章节重点内容;
2.理解和掌握物理八年级上册的基本概念和规律;
3.熟悉八年级上册知识点体系;
4.熟练掌握物理八年级上册试题,提高解题能力;
5.掌握物理八年级上册的答案,培养客观题的答案能力。
检测物理八年级上册答案
1.第一章《力的重要性》
(1)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A
(2)1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T
2.第二章《牛顿第一定律的应用》
(1)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A
(2)1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T
3.第三章《牛顿第二定律》
(1)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A
(2)1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F
4.第四章《牛顿第三定律》
(2)1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F
5.第五章《静力学》
(1)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A (2)1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F
6.第六章《动力学》
(1)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A (2)1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F
7.第七章《学习调查》(1)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A (2)1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T
8.第八章《动量守恒定律》(1)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A (2)1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T
9.第九章《动量的传递》(1)1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A (2)1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F
10.第十章《摩擦》
(2)1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T。
【八上目标检测答案】1.新闻两则1.sài jiün kuì düng cuàn ââ xiásuíjìng â dí wǎn2.D3.D4.①A ②B ③C ④C5.不料首先已6.真实性、及时性7.汤恩伯认为南京江阴段防线是很巩固的。
8. 北京地铁否认实施分段计价9. 园博园成为北京旅游新热点端午客流超故宫颐和园10.略2.芦花荡1.yào jìn yüo he cuün zâ sàsà qiúdÿ mî huáng2.D3.浸飘浮载滚扫4.孙犁《荷花淀》抗日战争芦花荡抗日将士日本鬼子5.老头子机智地惩罚了鬼子,替女孩子报了仇。
机智、勇敢。
6.描写了平静的水面,“忘记这是为什么埋的了”为下文老头子利用水下埋的钩子设下陷阱,捉弄和惩罚鬼子设下了伏笔。
7.鬼子进村,追赶公鸡,想要欺侮苇垛里的一个姑娘反被戏耍炸死,鬼子烧了苇垛,姑娘却已和同伴机智地躲进淀里。
8.因为鱼鹰事件交代了背景,并充分的对鬼子们进行了嘲讽,知道了鬼子们几年前对我所进行的羞辱。
9.C项不在取材范围(儿子去参加了水上游击队,老头儿把小艇修理好,做交通员)。
因为小说主要突出老头的要强、机智、勇敢,并没有交代老头有没有孩子,更没有交代孩子的去向,所以C项与小说内容无关。
)10.孙犁3.蜡烛1.fú jiào lì pǎi pú fú yâ jiàn wýi2.袭屏鞠穆3.B4.亲手埋葬牺牲在南斯拉夫国土上的苏联红军战士【删去后两空答案】5.体现蜡烛对于老妇人的珍贵,同时,在一个特殊的环境、特殊的氛围中,反复描写蜡烛有着特殊的意义。
烛光,象征着红军烈士的生命之光,寄托着南斯拉夫人民对红军烈士的哀思,是两国人民用血肉凝结的深厚情谊的象征。
6.反复描写黑色的大围巾对表现主旨、刻画人物形象有极大的作用:黑色的大围巾”表达沉痛哀悼的庄重情感,写出了老妇人对牺牲的苏联红军战士跨越国界、深沉而强烈的母亲般的爱。
7. 一位母亲使美、德士兵和平相处了一夜,共同度过了一个美好的圣诞夜8. “这回事”是指互为交战双方这一事实;“孩子们”指年轻的德国兵和美国兵们。
9. 因为母亲亲眼看到不共戴天的敌人能够友好相处,非常高兴,她相信人民之间没有仇恨,战争会很快结束的。
10. 这位德国母亲十分善良,勇敢,慈爱,希望和平,反对战争。
她伟大,有跨越国籍的伟大胸怀。
11.(1)希望和平;(2)必要时我们会为维护国家、民族利益(或自由)而战;(3)再次表达呼吁和平的心声。
4.就英法联军远征中国给巴特勒上尉的信1.qiâ hài züng jǐ fà xÿ lûâ piýhuǎng yù2.C3.法国巴黎圣母院悲惨世界人道主意精神侵略者的罪行被侵略、被掠夺的中国的巨大同情4.D5.被开发成商业娱乐场所:到处是垃圾、除了门票外院内一切均需收费、高音喇叭招揽游客玩儿童赛车、到处建起临时房子以售货甚至有的成为新的废墟,真是“满目疮痍”。
6.作者通过另两个事实再次证明了人们现在都更注重经济利益而忘却历史的教训,失却了人文情怀,让这种讽刺与揭露更具有普遍意义和深刻性。
7.在本文中,“梦”指爱国的情感,民族进步的理想。
圆明园失梦就是指作者通过游圆明园感觉到现在的人们正在忘却历史的教训,以此警策人们不忘国耻,为民族复兴而奋斗。
8.不管是修缮还是重建,对废墟来说,要义在于保存。
5.亲爱的爸爸妈妈1.lù dào yì chōng jǐng huǎng miùmù wünyán2.⑪憧憬呼唤执著⑫泻漫3.A4.⑪排比⑫设问5.在句中的意思是指充满友爱与和平的小城。
6.一天之内,七千人惨遭法西斯强盗的屠杀,这个记忆是“沉重”的,但是面对法西斯的屠刀,南斯拉夫人民毫不畏惧,大义凛然,这又是“美丽”的。
7.倘然不先后投下了两颗原子弹,日本帝国主义还不会立即投降,战争还可能拖下去,各国人民和日本人民将承受更大的损失。
8.指日军对中国人民犯下的罪恶事实太多,难以写完,日机对重庆等地大轰炸给中国人民带来的威胁和损失是无法计算的,9.(1)美军在广岛投原子弹;(2)日机对重庆等地大轰炸;(3)日本天皇在广岛参加悼念原子弹受害者。
批判某些日本人顽固坚持军国主义的反动立场。
6 阿长与《山海经》1.jǐng pì lǔ jiǔ hài zýng dàn zhuō d ào sǒng 疮诘雳琐孀慕籍耐2.C3.B4.(1)淡薄;消失;诘问。
(2)又;却;完全。
5.还有一种插图都是立体的、会活动的书,也很吸引人。
6.阿长为“我”买来了“我”一直无法得到但又念念不忘的《山海经》,从此,“我”对她产生了新的敬意。
7.对比,用祖叔和其他人“不肯做或不能做”的行为与阿长一直把我的事放在心上,最后终于给我买来了《山海经》形成对比,突出了阿长的善良,对“我”的关心与疼爱。
8.在阿长讲了长毛故事后,作为小孩的“我”惊异于她有这样伟大的神力是很自然的,但这种“敬意”是小孩因为无知好奇而产生的惊讶。
而当阿长给“我”买来了《山海经》,这是“我”一直想得到却又无从得到的一本书。
别人不肯做,或不能做的事,她却能够做成功,这使“我”的心灵产生了极大的震撼,使“我”觉得她的确具有伟大的神力,“我”产生了“新的敬意”,这种“敬意”是有别于之前的敬意,是一种真正的敬佩之情。
9.隐鼠虽不及墨猴,但有总比没有好。
10.“我”很喜爱可爱的隐鼠,当得知它被猫吃了的时候,非常愤怒而且悲哀。
11.认为长妈妈是谋害“我”隐鼠的“凶手”,完全没有了对她的敬意,把对猫的仇恨转为对长妈妈的怨恨。
12.第一句:我们读书须博览群书,做学问应博采众长,拓宽自己的视野,才能有收获。
第二句:做事贵在坚持,只要努力就能取得最后的成功等。
7 背影1.C2.(1)chüi chüchàcÿ(2)bân býn býn (3)kong kōng kîng(4)jìn jÿn (5)süng sàng s üng3.D4.惨淡妥帖5.在这里是反语,表现了作者对自己以前不理解“父爱”的深深自责和悔恨。
6.运用生动形象的动作描写,写出了父亲吃力地过铁道为我买橘子的情景,从父亲的艰难中突出父亲对我浓浓的爱。
7.第一次流泪是看到父亲那么吃力的去给自己买桔子,感动得流泪,第二次流泪是感受到浓浓的父子情,舍不得和父亲分别;另外父亲为了这个家耗尽了自己的心血,甚至在退休之后还不得不出外谋生,我感到很难过、心酸,更有自己不能为父亲排忧解难的自责!8.嶙峋疮汩汩慷慨浩瀚坚韧震撼摩挲9.“父亲就这样无言地用嶙峋的驼背将生活的重负扛着,就像一张弓无言地坚韧着、积攒着,为一支支响箭预备着生命的涌动和波澜。
”生动形象地表明了父亲无怨无悔地承受生活的艰难,突出表现了父亲博大而深沉的爱。
10.抓住驼背,《背影》通过抓住父亲的背影写出作者对父亲深切的爱的理解。
本文作者通过抓住父亲驼背表达对父亲崇高的敬意和无限的感激之情,两文都能抓住人物在特定环境下的特征展开描写并以此为线贯穿全文,意蕴丰富,耐人寻味,这是它们的妙处所在。
11.人生的路有时会很不顺利,甚至遇到人生中最大的挫折,但这时不要丧失斗志,要充满信心。
8 台阶1.凼黏熬晌颅敞舀躁卵硌 küi xián kǎn qì gà2.A3.C4.教师工作时间长,休息时间短。
5.台阶虽然高了,但是地位却没有提高,所以父亲反而处处感到“不对劲”。
6.这五个层次按照由低到高的顺序排列。
文中父亲的需求实际是对尊重的需求,处于第四层次,是较高层次的需要。
7.父亲积劳成疾、病人膏肓的身体8.①父亲是中国老一辈农民的代表;②勤劳,直到临终念念不忘的还是锄头、庄稼、收割;③节俭,舍不得乱花一分钱;④善良,与世无争,惟一的祈求是过上安稳的日子;⑤精神上的贫困,关心却弄不明白国家大事。
9.①象征了“我”的父亲②象征了辛勤一生、默默无闻的中国老一辈的农民③象征了博大宽容9 老王1.蹬惶伍骷髅瞎螺胀镶嵌翳攥怍滞 zài wǔshüo qiǎng yǔ2.略3.C4.B5.因为这里是夸张的写法,突出老王瘦弱无力、行动不灵活的僵直状态,也写出“我”见到老王时的诧异和同情。
6.“他面如死灰……打上一棍就会散成一堆白骨。
”突出了老王当时病情严重,样子怕人;也暗示出老王的不幸,关心他的人很少。
7.生活贫困、身体虚弱的老王不可能送“多得数不完”的鸡蛋。
作者这样写的含义是:鸡蛋凝聚了老王真挚的谢意,体现了他善良的性情,这情意是无法计量的。
8.①取得非凡杰出的科学成就;②直接挑战传统权威理论;③以坚强毅力战胜罕见疾病;④以乐观的态度面对人生。
9.①霍金生活在一个人的价值得到充分尊重的时代;②霍金生活在一个科学技术高度发达的时代;③霍金生活在剑桥大学,他完全可以像常人一样生活。
10.他拥有一颗感恩之心,能够坚韧乐观地面对不幸。
11.为了获得自信自己仍然立在好人边上的自慰。
老妪退钱表现了“人心的尊贵”,相比之下,“我”深感自己的行为比较庸俗。
10 信客1.D2.(1)难能可贵(2)世故人情(3)从容不迫(4)绘声绘色3.(1)没用(2)比喻(3)比喻(4)排比4.我国人工培育盐泽螺旋藻率先获得成功5.说明信客工作成绩出色,得到了许多人的认可、敬仰和崇敬。
6.繁华多变的都市生活冲击着居住在落后农村的乡民们的生活方式、生活观念,信客对这一切感受最为迅速,最为真切,也最为深刻。
作者在句中流露出了对旧中国农村的封闭、落后与农民生活贫穷的慨叹和对信客沟通乡村与城市,深察世故人情的赞美。
7.恶作剧(淘气、调皮)手忙脚乱,一番折腾河面结冰好不容易“才把船晃过来”年老体弱特地起大早送“我们”过河上学8.因为老人失去可爱的儿子深感痛苦,于是把父爱转移到“我们”身上,每天接送“我们”上学,所以觉得“心里好受些”。
9.双重含义,既是指老人接送我们渡河,又是指对“我们”生活、思想上的帮助。
11中国石拱桥1.弧陡姿墩谐撑凝倾 xiào xiáo chân qìɡǒnɡ dÿ2.①“当时”限制了时间;“可算”表示不确定,因为作者并没有作过调查,不能肯定。