2020年高考英语词汇用法搭配专项挖

专题二十直接引语和间接引语重难点分析引用别人的话有两种方式，一种是直接引用别人原句，这叫直接引语，要用引号；另一种是用自己的话来转述别人话，且不能用引号，这是间接引语。

一、直接引语和间接引语的区别直接引语直接引述别人的话，用双引号(“ ”)间接引语转述别人的话，不用双引号二、直接引语改为间接引语时，如引述动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词、时间、时态、地点、人称等一般要作相应的变化。

遵循下列规律：在直接引语中在间接引语中指示代词this thatthese those时间状语now thentoday that day yesterday the day before last week the week before tomorrow the next day next year the next year two days ago two days before地点状语here there动词时态(以work为例) 一般现在时(work) 一般过去时(worked)现在进行时(is/are working) 过去进行时(was/were working) 现在完成时(have/has worked) 过去完成时(had worked)一般过去时(worked) 过去完成时(had worked)过去完成时(had worked) (不变) (had worked)一般将来时(will work) 过去将来时(would work)动词变化can/may could/might must had tocome gobring take三、各种句型的直接引语改成间接引语时的相应变化句型变化要领例句陈述句连接词用that，在口语中可省略She said, “He will be busy.”→ She said that he would be busy.一般疑问句连接词用if或whether，改为陈述语序She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”→ She asked Tom if/whether he could help her.特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?”→ The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.祈使句用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”→ The mother asked Tom to get up early.四、直接引语变间接引语时，几种不变的特殊情况不变的情况例句直接引语是客观真理或谚(习)语The teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.”→ The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.被引述的部分是反复出现的、习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在He said, “We are still students.”→ He said they are still students.引语中有明确的表示过去的时间状语，时态不变He said to me, “I was born in 1998.”→ He told me that he was born in 1998.引述部分含有insist, suggest, demand等引导的虚拟宾语从句，变间接引语时，引语中的主从句时态都不变She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”→ She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.引述动词是现在时，则间接引语中的动词、时间状语、时态的形式不变She says, “I’ll never forget the moment.”→ She says that she’ll never forget the moment.五、其他注意事项1. 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为tell, ask, order, beg等。

专题六介词重难点分析介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。

不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件等之间的关系。

介词短语在句中可作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

一、介词从结构上分类一览表介词的分类简单介词只有单独一个词的介词：after, at, on, in, during, since, till/until等(时间介词)；across, over, through, past, near, to, above等(方位介词)；by, for, down, from, of, off, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, up, with, about, against, along, among, around等复合介词由两个单一词合成的介词：into, inside, onto, outside, throughout, towards, upon, within, without等短语介词形容词、分词或副词+介词：according to, away from, down to, inside of, near to, opposite to, owing to 等连词+介词：as for, as to, because of等介词+介词（又称双重介词）：from among, from behind, from under, till after等介词+名词+介词：by means of, in front of, in spite of, on account of, with regard to等名词+介词：thanks to由其他词类转用分词concerning 关于，considering 鉴于，including 包括，regarding 关于形容词或副词like 像，near 接近，opposite 在……对面，unlike 不像，round 围绕……，next 和……接邻连词than 比，but 除了……之外名词despite 不管、不顾二、主要介词的区别1. 表示时间的at, in, onat表示片刻的时间。

专题一冠词重难点分析冠词是一种虚词，没有词义，不能单独使用，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。

冠词主要分为定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词。

历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。

下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行梳理总结。

一、冠词的位置考点示例1 such/what/many/rather/quite + a(n) +形容词+单数可数名词quite a small house, such a little boy2 how/however/so/too/as/that/this+形容词+a(n) +单数可数名词so nice a girl3 both/all/half/twice/double + the+名词twice the size of the room4 half a(n)或a half+单数可数名词half an hour / a half hour二、不定冠词考点示例1 表示泛指，与any同义 A square has four sides. 正方形有四边。

2 表示数量“一”，与one同义，但其数的概念不如one强烈He will be back in a week. 一周后，他就会回来了。

3 表示一类人或东西，与the same同义Bird of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。

4 表示“每一个”，与every, each, per同义I visit my father once a month. 我一个月见一次我爸爸。

5 表示“某一”，与a certain同义 A Mr. Smith is waiting to see you. 一位斯密斯先生在等着要见你。

6 表示“像……似的”，与like同义He is a Lei Feng in our class. 他是我们班上的雷锋。

7 用在某些物质名词前表示“一种、一阵、一份或一场”等We had a heavy rain last night. 我们昨晚遇到了一场大雨。

专题01冠词易错点解题方法英语中冠词有3个，即a, an; the.前两个是不定冠词，后一个是定冠词，冠词虽小，但用法灵活多变，但万变不离其中，只要是单数可数名词第一次出现，其前就加a/an,名词第一个音标是辅音就用a,第一个音标是元音就用an;同一个名词再次出现或要特指其前就用the。

如:He is a boy of eighteen and he has an English girlfriend. The girlfriend comes from Britain. She likes the boy,s family very much.实际上，语言是活的，日常应用中变化多端，现就用高考常出现的一些陷阱例句来展示其用法：1.“Do you know English fOr ‘ 帅哥'？" 'Tm afraid I don,t. I'm not interested inEnglish language.”A. the, theB. the,不填C.不填,theD.不填，不填【答案】A【解析】容易误选D，因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。

在英语中，表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。

如：(1)当语言名词表特指意义，简单说当有修饰语加以修饰限定时，其前要用定冠词。

如：The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England, 美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。

(2)当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时，其前要用定冠词。

What,s the English fo r this?这个东西用英语怎么说？(3)当在语言名词后加上language 一词时，也要用冠词。

如：There have been many changes in the history of the English language.英语发展过程中有很多变革。

专题十三定语从句定语从句是英语语法中的重点。

除了在语法填空中会考到，在书面表达中正确恰当地运用定语从句是作文得高分的关键。

另外，在阅读理解中正确理解定语从句也至关重要。

常见考点：1. 指物时只用that或which的情况2. 介词+关系代词3. whose的用法及转换形式4. as与which的区别5. 指人时that与who的区别6. 如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7. 定语从句的主谓一致问题一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰前面的某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，在句中起定语（也就是形容词）的作用。

被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词。

引导定语从句的词叫关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）或关系副词(where, when, why)。

如：The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词关系代词二、关系代词和关系副词的用法关系代词和关系副词又称关系词，用来引导定语从句，代替先行词并在从句中担当一个成分。

其用法见下表：词例先行词充当成分例句关系代词who 人主语This is the doctor who saved my life. 这就是那个救了我生命的医生。

whom 人宾语She is the new student (whom) I want to tell to you. 她就是那个我想告诉你的新学生。

that 人、物主语、宾语Football is a game that is liked by many people. 足球是一项许多人都喜爱的项目。

The man (that) you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚碰到的那个人是我的朋友。

which 物主语、宾语Please pass me the book which is lying on the table. 请把桌上的那本书递给我。

2020年高中英语总结1.able 用法：be able to doNote: 反义词unable表示不能，而disabled表示残疾的。

be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。

2.abroad 用法：表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。

Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。

3.admit 用法：表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。

Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。

4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doingNote: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。

即：advise that sb. (should) do 的形式。

5.afford 用法：通常与动词不定式搭配使用。

Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。

6.after 用法：表示在时间、空间之后；be after表示追寻。

Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点，而in接一个时间段，如：after 3 o’clock; in 3 days.7.agree 用法：与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。

Note: agree on表示达成一致；agree to表示批准；agree with表示同意某人说的话。

8.alive 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。

Note: 可以作状语使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive.9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to doNote: 可以表示允许进入，如：Please allow me in.10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群体中。

Note: 还可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best.11.and 用法：用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。

Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。

专题十四名词性从句重难点分析名词性从句是历年高考的重点和难点，也是热点。

名词性从句相当于名词，可作主句的主语、宾语、表语和同位语。

因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句（见下表）。

主语从句作主语，用that, whether, if, what(=the thing that)等连接词引导。

宾语从句作宾语，用that（可省略）, whether（or not）, if, what(=the thing which)等连接词引导。

表语从句用that（一般不省略）, whether, what(=the thing which)等连接词引导。

同位语从句用that（常用在news, thought, idea, plan, suggestion, fact等词后），whether等连接词引导。

一、主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主语谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

如：Who will go is not important. 谁将去不是重要的。

1. it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。

而it引导的强调句则是对句子每一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。

被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。

如：It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. (主语从句) 你没去看电影真是遗憾。

It is in the morning that the murder took place. （强调句）谋杀案发生的时间是在早晨。

2. 用it作形式主语的结构句型例句1 It is+名词+主语从句It is a fact that…事实是……/ It is an honor that…非常荣幸……/ It iscommon knowledge that………是常识2 It is+形容词+主语从句It is natural that………很自然/ It is strange that…奇怪的是……（此句型后面常接虚拟语气should+动词原形）3 It+不及物动词+主语从句It seems that…似乎……/ It happened that…碰巧……/ It appears that…似乎……4 It is/has been+过去分词+It is reported that…据报道……/ It has been proved that…据证实……/ It is主语从句said that…据说……/ It is believed that 据认为/一般人都认为……2. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况说明例句1 if引导的主语从句不可位于复合句句首Whether he will come or not in unknown. (正)If he will come or not is unknown. (误)2 It is said/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前It is said that Jiang will visit our school next week. (正) Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (误)3 It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (正) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (误)4 It doesn’t matter how/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (正) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (误)5 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前Isn’t likely that it will rain in the evening? (正) Is that it will rain in the evening likely? (误)二、宾语从句宾语从句是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。

专题13 谓语动词易错点解题方法谓语动词：在英语中，动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类，一类是谓语动词，另一类是非谓语动词。

谓语动词指的是在句子中可以单独作谓语的动词，主要由实意动词充当。

谓语动词在形态变化上受主语的限制，有人称和数，时态，语态，主谓一致的变化，它是一个句子或一个从句中不可缺少的一部分。

英语句子的成分与现代汉语中的句子成分类似，基本构成也包含主、谓、宾，有时有补语、定语，状语，还有插入语，同位语等成分。

Larke likes the pop music.拉克喜欢流行音乐。

(动词用单数第三人称形式，作谓语)Larke has nothing to do today.拉克今天没什么事要做。

(has动词作谓语，to do 不定式作定语，说明nothing)现在高考更侧重词义的辨析和时态的变化及主谓一致等。

典型陷阱真题分析◆1. If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.A.advertiseB.advertise forC. advertise onD. advertise to【答案】C.【解析】容易误选B，认为advertise 的意思是“做广告”，advertise for 的意思“为……做广告”。

事实上，正确答案为A。

advertise 可用作及物和不及物动词：用作及物动词时，其意为“为……做广告”、“登广告宣传”；用作不及物动词时，其意为“做广告”、“登广告”，此时通常后接介词for，表示“做广告征求”。

比较：advertise for sth (sb) 登广告征求或寻找某物或某人(此时advertise 不及物)advertise sth 为……登广告，登广告宣传…(此时advertise 是及物动词，其后要直接跟被宣传的东西作宾语) People advertise things that they wish to sell. 人们为要卖的东西登广告。

高考英语高频词汇词组2020一、接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法成功的做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：aim to do sth. 打算做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事struggle to do sth. 努力做某事二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事注：不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型：原谅某人做某事”，excuse [forgive] sb. for doing sth.。

高考英语语法词汇专项突破：动词不定式作状语重难点解读+巩固训练+答案【动词不定式作状语考题呈现】to pass on wisdom.答案与解析: to teach。

考查非谓语动词不定式作目的状语。

依据句意可知，此处表达“来传授学问和才智”，所以用不定式作目的状语。

故填to teach。

句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授学问或传授智【考例2】（2022新高考全国I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority_______ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.答案与解析: to increase。

考查非谓语动词不定式作目的状语。

分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语，故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。

故填to increase。

句意：该方案将把爱护范围扩大到大量以前未受爱护的地区，将很多现有的大熊猫爱护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，削减管理上的不全都性。

（2022全国乙卷）(strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number 【考例3】of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.答案与解析: To strengthen。

高中拓展单词●odysseyn. [C]1 a series of experiences that teach you sth. about yourself or about life 对人生有教益的一连串经历；艰难历程2 a long journey with a lot of adventures or difficulties 漫长的历险旅程●phasen.[C] one of the stages of a process of development or change 阶段；时期As times are changing, we're entering a new phase in international relations. 随着时代的变化，我们正进入国际关系的新阶段。

●labelvt.attach a label onto sth. or write information on sth. 贴标签于；用标签标明Mom carefully labeled each jar with its content and the date. 妈妈仔细地在每个罐子上标明盛装物和日期。

●parallelvt.1 be equal or similar to sth. 与…相当或相似His career parallels that of his father. 他的事业和他父亲的有相似之处。

My best friend's experiences parallel mine in many instances. 我最要好朋友的经历在许多情况下都与我的相似。

2 be the same distance apart at every point along their whole length 与…平行The stream parallels the road for several miles. 小溪与这条路平行数英里。

专题12 被动语态易错点解题方法语态1. 语态是表示主语和动词之间语法及语义关系的动词形式，有主动语态和被动语态两种。

2.被动语态的构成：be +PP3.被动语态中主语是动作的承受者。

4.被动语态中的过去分词一般不带宾语.5.被动语态中主语补语是不定式时必带to.做语态题主要抓住动作的逻辑主语和不用于被动语态的动词，一切便迎刃而解。

1。

有些及物动词不表动作，eg.lack,become, suit,fit等而是表一种状态。

这时他们不用于被动语态。

eg. This new coat fits you.He lacks common sense.2. 联系动词不用被动，有些系动词主动表被动。

这时句子主语通常是物, 动词后的表语表示动作得出的结果。

eg. Roses smell sweet..The plan sounds perfect.3. 不定式做宾语，表语或状语时，常用主动表被动意义。

eg. There is a lot of work to do. (=to be done)Spanish is not too difficult to learn.4. 动名词的主动形式在need,want,require,deserve等动词后做宾语时，具有被动意义，相当于不定式的被动式，但多用动名词。

eg. The room wants cleaning.(=to be cleaned.)This wall requires repairing.The soldiers deserved praising.The voices and tenses of the Infinitive：1).It is an honor for me ______________( ask) to give a lecture here.[答案]：to be asked2).We thought it wrong for her ____________ ( punish).[答案]：to be punished3）. These goods are believed _________________ (ship) to the countryside yesterday.[答案]：to have been shipped4). Sorry _______________ ( not give ) you so much help.[答案]：not to have given◆典型陷阱真题分析◆1. "Do you like the material?" "Yes, it _____ very soft."A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt【答案】C.【解析】此题容易误选D，想当然地根据"这布料摸起来很柔软"这一句意，认为"布料"应是"被摸"，所以feel 选用被动语态。

专题10 连词易错点解题方法一．连词的定义在词和词，短语和短语，句子和句子，从句和从句之间起联接作用的词叫做连词。

连词是虚词，在句子中一般不重读，在句子中不能单独作句子成分。

二．连词的分类从连词在句子中所起作用的角度来看，连词分为两大类：并列连词和从属连词。

实际中用法各异。

下面通过真题看如何做这类题。

◆典型陷阱题分析◆1. I’m sorry, _____ I won’t be able to come tonight.A. forB. andC. butD. then【答案】: C.【解析】：容易误选A，因为空格后的句子是用以说明I’m sorry 的原因的，所以便想当然地认为要选for 来表示原因。

【分析】事实上，I’m sorry 后习惯上不接表示原因的连词for，而接表示转折的连词but（也可省略but），用以委婉地提出一个使对方不快的事实。

最佳答案为C. 又如：Oh, sorry, but she’s out. 哦，不好意思，她出去了。

I’m sorry, but I have to disagree. 对不起，我不敢苟同。

I’m sorry, but I have already had another appointment. 对不起，我已经有约会了。

注：I’m sorry 后虽然不能接表原因的连词for，但却可接介词for。

如：I’m sorry for shouting at you. 对不起冲你嚷嚷了。

I am sorry for what I said to you. 我后悔不该对你讲那些话。

2. The point is not who said the words, _____ they are true or not.A. but whetherB. and whetherC. but howD. and how【答案】:A.【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

最佳答案为A。

2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析02词汇（一）词汇部分主要讲动词和动词短语、名词、形容词及副词。

考点一动词和动词短语近年来高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要是考查四个动词或动词短语哪个符合题干的意思，形式上可以是谓语动词，也可以是现在分词、过去分词或动名词。

考生只要弄懂题干的意思及各选项的意思，便可轻松答题。

考生要牢记常用的动词或动词短语的意义及习惯搭配。

1. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence andcreativity. （2019江苏）A. resemblingB. reflectingC. reviewingD. restoring【答案】A【解析】句意：城市是人类双手和大脑的杰作，反映了人类的智慧和创造力。

reflect意为“反映”，符合句意。

2. More wind power stations will _________ to meet the demand for clean energy. （2019江苏）A. take upB. clear upC. hold upD. spring up【答案】D【解析】句意：越来越多的风力发电站会象雨后春笋般涌现出来，以满足清洁能源的需求。

spring up意为“突然出现”，符合句意。

3. At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confident about her skills. （2018天津）A. gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. turned up【答案】A【解析】句意：一开始，罗伯特不愿意让女儿去潜水，不过他最终屈服了，因为她对自己的技术很有自信。

专题十八虚拟语气重难点分析虚拟语气是英语中一个较大的语法项目，高考语法填空和短文改错都曾经设过考点，考生应予以重视。

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。

此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。

虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

一、虚拟语气在从句中的用法和构成一览表类别用法例句if引导的条件状语从句与现在事实相反从句动词：过去式(be多用were，但在口语中，如果主语是第一/三人称，be动词可用was)；主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形If he were here, he would help us.如果他在这，他会帮我们的。

与过去事实相反从句动词：had+过去分词；主句动词：should/would/could/might + have+过去分词If I had been free, I would havevisited you. 如果我那时有空，我就会去拜访你了。

与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式/ should+动词原形/ were+不定式；主句动词：should/would/could/might +动词原形If it should rain tomorrow, we wouldnot go camping. 如果明天下雨，我们就不去露营了。

其他状语从句as if/though引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式They are talking was if they were/had been friends for years. 他们交谈着，好像是多年的老朋友。

even if/though引导的从句，与现在/将来事实相反时，从句动词用过去式，主句动词用should/would+动词原形；与过去事实相反时，从句动词用had+过去分词，主句动词用should/would+ have+过去分词Even if we failed, we wouldn’t losecourage. 即使我们失败了，我们也不会失去勇气。

高考英语词汇解析A1. • abandon v. ___________ abandon the baby _______放弃计划______________ abandon oneself to ___________ 陷_ 入绝望2© ability n.能力；才能the ability _______ walk行走的能力______________ 竭尽全力竭尽全力完成工作_______________3. • _____________ a不•正常的，畸形的，反常的4. © aboard prep.adv. ___________all the people aboard ___________5. about prep 关于，ad ____________a) be about to do sth I was about togo out ____ it began to rain.b) look about/around/round ___________ c) How/Whatabout ___________ 6. aboveprep在…上面above all _____________7. abroadad. ___________ a)go /study/liveabroad b)at home andabroad ____________8. • absence n. ___________ adj ____________abse nee ____ work/ school The decisi on was made _____ my abse n(在缺少… 条件下_____________ The ease was dismissed _____________ p roof.9. © _____ adj缺席的，不在的缺席________________ adj心不在焉的10. ◎ absorbvt. 1) ____________ 2) ____________absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy理解信息、知识______________ 专注于，聚精会神于____________ 11. • abusev/n. ____________ abuse alcohol/ drugs ____________ 滥用权力/职权/ 特权______________12. ___________________ acceptvt.接收邀请______________ accept sb/sth as ____________13. • access方法，通路，机会The only access ____ the farm was a narrow bridge.Only high officials ____________ 有机会见到the emperor.We students have access _____ the school library. ________________________ adj可进入的，可接近的，可使用的Such in formati on is not easily __________ the public获取14. accide ntn.事故，意外的事偶然，无意中；不小心 _______________15. •______________ 陪伴，伴随，伴奏accompany sb. _____ theschool/supermarketLightening usually accompanies thunder. ____________16. •______________ 成，到达，实现________________ n成就，成绩完成目标、任务_______________17. according to _____ According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.18. ◎___________ vt指控，指责控告_______________19. •______________ a习惯的，适应的，惯常的习惯于______________ H e was soon accustomed _______ (get) up early.20. _________ a che ___________________________ vi./n headache / toothache________________ M y back aches so much.21. _________ v t达到；取得___________ n成就获得成功、胜利，实现目标 ________________22. ◎____________n成就，业绩；完成（任务等）取得巨大成就____________ 23. • _____________ 承认，致谢众所周知，全球变暖是温室气体引起的。

高考英语语法词汇专项突破：02-1高考真题百题专项训练非谓语动词(2-2)+答题卡(原卷版)第二组：高考真题非谓语动词专项训练50题姓名：__________ 班级: _________ 限时：40分钟得分：____________养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

用括号内单词的正确形式填入空白处。

【考题1】(2021·1月浙江高考)This may be due to some disadvantages for people (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.【考题2】（2020年浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________ (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes older than before.（2021新课标II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ________ (think) 【考题3】it is food.【考题4】（2017•浙江）But something made her look close, and she noticed a ______________ (shine) object.【考题5】（2019·江苏.改编）China's image is improving steadily, with more countries __________ (recognize) its role in international affairs.【考题6】（2020﹒浙江卷）Later，they learned to work with the seasons，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，________(make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.【考题7】（2020﹒全国卷III﹒语法填空）The next morning he hired a boat and set out______ (find) the well-known painter.【考题8】（2020﹒全国卷II﹒语法填空）They represent the earth ______(come) back to life and bestwishes for new beginnings.【考题9】（2020﹒全国卷II﹒语法填空）They are easy________(care) for and make great presents.【考题10】（2020﹒全国卷I﹒语法填空）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments on board Chang’e-4______(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.【考题11】(2019﹒新课标III卷﹒语法填空)On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take______(get) there.【考题12】(2019﹒新课标III卷﹒语法填空)On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，______(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【考题13】(2019﹒浙江﹒语法填空)When the children are walking or______(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.【考题14】(2019﹒浙江﹒语法填空)But some students didn't want_______(wear) the uniform.【考题15】(2019﹒北京﹒语法填空) Nervously______(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.【考题16】(2019﹒新课标II卷﹒语法填空)A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for_______(be) Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.【考题17】(2019﹒新课标I卷﹒语法填空)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive______(perform) consistently over a large area.【考题18】(2019﹒新课标I卷﹒语法填空)Scientists have responded by ______(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements.【考题19】（2018·天津卷改编）I didn't mean ___________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______(try) it.【考题20】(2019天津卷改编)_________(learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.【考题21】（2022天津第二次卷·改编）________ (keep) his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.【考题22】（2022天津第二次卷·改编）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ (allow) the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.（2021天津第二次卷·改编）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local 【考题23】baker_________(teach) her all the skills.【考题24】（2021·天津.改编）China's National Highway 318, ________(extend) over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.【考题25】(2018﹒北京.改编)_________(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience【考题26】(2018﹒北京.改编)During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.【考题27】(2018﹒北京.改编)Ordinary soap, _________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.【考题28】(2018﹒天津.改编)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs ___________ 【考题29】(2018﹒江苏.改编)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ (exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.【考题30】(2019﹒江苏.改编)__________(enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.【考题31】(2019﹒新课标II卷﹒改编)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, ______ (say) that I had a talent for football.【考题32】（2020﹒江苏﹒改编）Technological innovations, _________ (combine) with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.【考题33】（2020﹒天津﹒改编）______ (help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.【考题34】（2020﹒天津﹒改编）The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ （clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.【考题35】(2017﹒北京﹒改编)Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______(spend) with his students.【考题36】(2017﹒北京﹒改编)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________(range) from butterflies to elephants.【考题37】(2017﹒北京﹒改编)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ (save) their valuable time.【考题38】(2017﹒天津﹒改编)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ______(catch).【考题39】(2017﹒天津﹒改编)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated.【考题40】（2022天津卷·第一次卷.改编）Hemingway wrote novels and short stories_______(base) on his personal experiences of the First World War.【考题41】（2022天津卷·第一次.改编）This old castle is said_________ (build) from designs by a famous architect in the 16th century.【考题42】（2020天津卷·第一次.改编）______(complete) in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.【考题43】（2020天津卷·第一次.改编）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection _________ (promote) economic growth.【考题44】（改编自2011天津卷）Passengers are permitted_________ (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.【考题45】（改编自2014天津卷）Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________(find) it didn't fit.【考题46】(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ·语法填空) As well as looking at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or________(walk) through a rainforest.【考题47】(改编自XXXX安徽高考卷) The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____ (see) whether he was going in the right direction.【考题48】(改编自XXXX全国高考卷) I would love ______ (go) to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.【考题49】(改编自XXXX上海卷) I feel it is your husband who is _____ (blame) for the spoiled child.【考题50】(改编自XXXX北京卷)_______(wait) in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized he had left his wallet at home.高考英语语法词汇专项突破：高考真题百题专项训练非谓语动词(2-2)答题卷姓名：__________ 班级: _________ 限时：40-45分钟得分：____________第二组：高考真题非谓语动词专项训练50题（满分100分，每题2分，限时40-45分钟）对高三学生而言，就是要通过训练转化为学生的答题能力。

2020年全国卷2基础词汇整合（词义均为试卷语境意）1.design v.设计2.medal n.奖牌3.fix v.修理4.shop assistant 售货员5.improve v.改善6. a couple of 一对7.correct v.纠正8.musical play 音乐剧9.colleague n.同事10.ordinary adj.普通的11.model n.模型12.function n.功能13.dive v.潜水14.fictional adj.虚构的15.character n.角色16.suggest v.建议17.paint v.喷漆18.publish v.出版19.be based on 以···为基础20.shocked adj.震惊的21.unexpected adj.预料不到的22.effort n.努力的23.in vain 徒劳的24.editor n.编辑25.appear v.出现26.reporter n.记者27.on one’s own 独自28.publication n.出版29.copy v.复制30.relative adj.相关的31.avoid v.避免32.argument n.争论33.frequent adj.频繁的34.topic n.主题35.politics n.政治36.salary n.薪水37.recommend v.建议38.lecture n.演讲39.feel free to do sth 随便做···40.as a matter of fact 事实上41.express v.表达42.include v.包括43.private questions 私人问题fortable adj.合适的45.works n.作品46.festival n.节日47.explore v.探索48.significant adj.有意义的49.income n.收入50.amount n.数量51.spatial adj.空间的52.skill n.技能53.aspect n.方面54.benefit from 受益于55.puzzle v.使迷惑plex adj.复杂的57.control v.控制58.confidence n.自信59.gain v.增加60.take sth in consideration 考虑61.experiment n.实验62.imagination n.想象63.differ from 不同于64.tend to do sth 倾向于做···65.prefer v.更喜欢66.mathematical adj.数学的67.method n.方法68.tough adj.艰巨的69.destroy v.毁坏70.guilt-free 无罪的71.throw v.丢72.option n.选择73.massive adj.大量的74.acceptable adj.可接受的75.purpose n.目的76.are concerned about 对···担忧77.damage n.损害78.endangered adj.濒临灭绝的79.species n.物种80.local adj.当地的81.illegally adv. 违法的82.hunt v.捕杀83.formal adj.正式的84.risky adj.冒险的85.harmful adj.有害的86.entertainment n.娱乐87.uneasy adj.不安的88.inseparable adj. 不可分开的89.refer to 指的是，参考，涉及到90.pleasure n.快乐91.joy n.开心92.pass on 传递93.wonderment n.惊奇94.bond n.纽带95.suitable adj.合适的96.support v.支持97.a chat platform 聊天平台98.popularity n.流行99.message n.信息100.employee n.雇员101.frequent adj.频繁的102.generation n.一代103.receive v.接收104.annoying adj. 令人生气的105.ruin n.毁坏106.entire adj.全部的107.contribute to 有助于108.positive adj.肯定的109.outcome n.结果110.globally adj.全球的111.enable v.确保112.decorate v.装饰113.mark v.标记114.season n.季节115.carry v.携带116.represent v. 代表117.fortune n.命运118.wealth n.财富119.red envelop 红包120.certain adj.确信的121.be associated with 与···有联系122.abundance n.充裕123.fantastic adj.空想的124.promise v.承诺125.actually adv. 事实上写出下列单词中文意思和词性1.design2.medal3.fix4.shop assistant5.improve6. a couple of7.correct8.musical play9.colleague10.ordinary11.model12.function13.dive14.fictional15.character16.suggest17.paint18.publish19.be based on20.shocked21.unexpected22.effort23.in vain24.editor25.appear26.reporter27.on one’s own28.publication29.copy30.relative31.avoid32.argument33.frequent34.topic35.politics36.salary37.recommend38.lecture39.feel free to do sth40.as a matter of fact41.express42.include 43.private questionsfortable45.works46.festival47.explore48.significant49.income50.amount51.spatial52.skill53.aspect54.benefit from55.puzzleplex57.control58.confidence59.gain60.take sth in consideration61.experiment62.imagination63.differ from64.tend to do sth65.prefer66.mathematical67.method68.tough69.destroy70.guilt-free71.throw72.option73.massive74.acceptable75.purpose76.are concerned about77.damage78.endangered79.species80.hurt81.local82.illegally83.hunt84.formal85.risky86.harmful87.entertainment88.uneasy89.inseparable90.refer to91.pleasure92.joy93.pass on94.wonderment95.bond96.suitable97.support98.a chat platform99.popularity100.message101.employee102.frequent103.generation 104.receive105.annoying106.ruin107.entire108.contribute to 109.positive110.outcome111.globally112.enable113.decorate114.mark115.season116.carry117.represent118.fortune119.wealth120.red envelop 121.certain122.be associated with 123.abundance 124.fantastic125.promise126.actually。

2020高考英语全国卷高频词汇词块句式总结全国1卷：1、available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；有空的【原题A篇】Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit.游览过程中，有寄物柜可存放财物。

【例句】Tickets are available free of charge from the school.学校有免费票。

【常考句式】Sth. be available(可使用)后接不定式时,若句子主语与该不定式有动宾关系,则该不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：These cups are available to use [to be used].这些茶杯可供使用。

sth is available to sb "对于某人某物是可得到",to 后面的sb是可以得到sth.The goal is to make higher education available to everyone.目的是使每个人受到更高的教育。

2.We cannot do sth without..."没有...我们不能做..."【原题A篇】It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.这是一个了不起的成就，是一个在个人、社团以及其它社会机构的慷慨支持下取得的成就。

【例句】We cannot survive without water. 没有水我们就不能生存。

3.to be sure 诚然；的确【真题B篇】A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all.这的确是一个紧张的夜晚，但是有时自然之灵向我们露出了微笑(以示赞许)。