阅读讲义

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阅读讲义
I 阅读题型
1主旨型
提问形式:
1)The main idea of this passage is_________.
2)The passage is mainly about_______.
3)The best summary for this passage is_________.
4)What conclusion can be drawn from the passage ________?
5)The best title for this passage is_________.
6)The main purpose of this passage is _________.
7)The subject or topic of the passage is __________.
8)The main idea of the section may be best expressed as _________.
干扰项特点:---只是局部信息,或一句没有展开论述的话,或某一段的主要内容。

---概括范围太宽,包括的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容。

---无关信息:即在文章中未提到或找不到语言根据的信息。

2 细节题
1)Which of the following statements is (not) true?
2)Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?
3)All of the following are true except…
4)According to the passage, when (where, why, how, what, which, etc)…?
5) We learn from the first (the second, th ird…) paragraph that ________.
According题型:利用题干,选择项中的关键词寻找文章中对应词,同义词或近义词,然后在周围查找答案。

数字题型:运算法,对号入座,域型(最高,最低或其中一点),不规则型(表数字的文字,求表示的数量)。

Except----三缺一题型:考列举,并列,考局部;考篇章(一一定位后做判断)。

细节题干扰项特点:与原句内容相反。

与原文内容一半相同,一半不同。

与原句内容相似但过于绝对化。

原文中根本没有提到。

3态度或观点(中心思想,复杂句/特殊句型/句式,观点)
1)The attitude of the author towards ….is one of _____.
2)What is the author’s overall attitude toward…?
3)What is the tone of the passage?
4)Why does the author say that…?
5)The author suggests that_.
注意文章的文体:议论文中中心局一般暗示作者的态度;说明文中作者往往态度中立;描述文中作者观点不直接提出,应注意捕捉那些烘托气氛,渲染情感的词句。

----concerned, sober, pleasant, polite positive, support, useful, interesting, admiring, enthusiasm, wonder, optimistic, humourous, serious.
---indifferent, impassive, uninterested ambivalent, neutral, apathetic, impartial, disinterested.
---disgust, critical, negative, suspicious, ironic, sarcastic, bitter, angry, emotional, pessimistic, depressed, tolerant.
4判断题
1)It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
2)It can be concluded f rom the first (the second, the third…) paragraph that _______.
3)We learn from the passage that ________.
4)It is implied in the passage that_______.
5)Which of the following is implied but not stated?
6) The paragraph preceding /following this may ____.
7) Where could this paragraph most probably appear( be found)?
干扰项:文章事实或上下文逻辑基础进行推理而得出的观点。

推理过头,概括过度。

注:文章开头,文章结尾。

语义转折。

支持中心思想的细节部分。

5词汇考题
1)According to the author, the word “…” means ___.
2)By “…”, the author means _______.
3)Which of the following is nearest/ closest in meaning to “…”?
4)“…” is _____.
5)The word/phr ase “ …” most likely means/stands for/refers to _____.
注:根据上下文确定含义,不可望文生义。

考点多为生词辩义和语义转述。

生词辩义时应从上下文暗示或上下文逻辑关系入手。

II命题原则
1 列举处常考---由first, second等引导的并列成分,要求考生从列举出的内容中,选择符合题干的答案项---细节型(which,except)。

2 转折处常考---指由however, but, yet, in fact等词引导的短语或句子—推理或主旨大意题。

3 例子常考---as such as ,for example, for instance等引导的短语或句子---细节题。

4 数字与年代常考---文中的数字,年代,日期常常是命题点。

5最高级及绝对性词汇常考---must, all, only, anyone, always, never等意义绝对的词,first, most beautiful等最高级往往是考题要点---细节题。

6 专有名词常考---包括人名,地名或其他专有名词。

7 隐蔽处常考---指句子隐蔽处,容易忽视之处,包括同位语,插入语,定语,长句后半句,从句,副词,不定式等。

8 因果句常考---(推断题)
表示因果的连词:because, since, for ,as, therefore, so, consequently 等。

表因果的动词:cause, result in, originate from 等。

表因果的名词:base, basis, result, consequence 等。

9段落主题句常考---第一句和最后一句。

10 特殊标点常考---破折号,括号,冒号,引号等---细节题。

III阅读技能
Skimming--- to get the general idea.
Scanning--- to get specific information.。