语言学专八练习

语言学第二章专业八级练习题3. Of the following sound combinations, only is permissible.A. kiblB. bkilC. ilkbD. ilbk9. Which pair of words is NOT a minimal pair?A. cat/batB. put/butC. jig/pigD. sit/bit11.If two sounds are in complementary distribution, they are of the same phoneme.A. symbolsB. allophonesC. phonesD. signs18. The noun “tear” and the verb “tear” are .A. homophonesB. homographsC. complete homonymsD. allophones30. Where are the vocal cords ?A. in the mouthB. in the nasal cavityC. above the tongueD. inside the larynx32._____ studies the sound systems in a certain language.A. PhoneticsB. PhonologyC. SemanticsD. Syntax39.Distinctive features are used to describe________ .A. phonesB. phonologyC. AllophonesD. phonemes40. The English word "untouchable" is composed of ____ morphemes .A. fourB. threeC. twoD. five42. “The Adam's Apple” is ____ . .A. a kind of appleB. related to AdamC. the front part of larynxD. on the top of larynx46. In the production of consonants at least articulators{发音器官}are involved.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four49. V oiceless sounds are produced when the vocal folds are .A. closedB. apartC. totally closedD. completely open51. involve more than one manners of articulation .A. StopsB. FricativesC. AffricatesD. Laterals52.Which is NOT true for the vowel [i] ?A. HighB. UnroundedC. MidD. Front55. The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in .A. the place of articulationB. the obstruction of airstreamsC. the position of the tongueD. The shape of the lips56. studies how speech sounds are made, transmitted and received .A. PhoneticsB. PhonologyC. PhonemeD. Phonics57. sounds are produced with the back of the tongue and the soft palate.A. V elarB. PalatalC. GottalD. Alveolar59.Where is the primary stress of the word "phonology" ?A.phoB. noC.loD.gy60. refers to the utterance of a sentence with determinate sense and reference.A. Locutinary actB. Illocutinary actC. Perlocutionary actD. Speech act64.A (n) is the smallest unit of sound in a language , which can distinguish two words .A. morphemeB. soundC. phonemeD. allophone65. Productivity is one of the features of languages .A. distinctiveB. designC. SuprasegmentalD. pragmatic66. What is the common feature of the three sounds: [b], [p], [m] ?A. V oicelessB. V oicedC. NasalD. Bilabial69. “voiced fricatives -> voiceless/ voiceless” is a .A. phonological ruleB. syntactic ruleC. phrase structure ruleD. functional rule73. Which of the following statements are NOT true for vowels?A. V owels are sonorants.B. In the production of vowels, there is no obstruction of air.C. Tongue height is one criterion to distinguish vowels.D. V owels are also called obstruents.74. All syllables must have a ____.A. codaB. onsetC. nucleusD. consonant75. Ikaps is not a possible word form in English due to ____.A. sonority scaleB. phonological ruleC. syntactic ruleD. morphological rule83. Which of the following criteria can NOT be used to classify vowels?A The part of the tongue that is held highestB The openness of the mouthC The vibration of the vocal cordsD The shape of the lips87. If a phoneme is substituted for another in a word and the substitution results in a change of the word meaning, the two phonemes are said to be_____.A minimal pairB minimal setC distinctive phonemesD distinctive features92. Which of the following is not a Supersegmental feature?A. SyllableB. StressC. ToneD. V oicelessness97. Which of the following English sounds is NOT bilabial?A.［b ］B. ［m ］C.［p ］D.［f ］103. Which of the following is a voiceless bilabial stop?A .［w ］ B. ［m ］ C. ［b ］ D.［p ］127. _____ is the study of the physical properties of the sounds produced in speech.A. Auditory phoneticsB. Articulatory phoneticsC. Acoustic phoneticsD. Phonology128. /l/ is the only ____ in English.A. fricativeB. affricativesC. nasalD. lateral129. [f, v ] are both labiodentals and _______.A. nasalsB. fricativesC. affricativesD. alveolar130. The idea of establishing a phonetic alphabet was first proposed by the Danish grammarian .A. Otto JespersenB. Daniel JonesC. A. J. EillsD. A. M. Bell131. The Sound Patterns of English (SPE 1968) mainly deals with ____.A. multi-level phonologyB. non-linear phonologyC. super segment phonologyD. linear approach of phonology132. In Chinese Putonghua, only ____ can occur after the vowel.A. nasalsB. stopsC. lateralD. vowel答案：1.C2.A3.A4.B5.C6.B7.B8.D9.B 10.A11.B 12.D 13.B 14.D 15.C 16.C 17.C 18.B 19.D 20.C 21.A 22.D 23A. 24.C 25.C 26.D 27.D 28.D 29.B 30.D 31.B 32.B 33.C 34.D 35.A 36.B 37.D 38.B 39.D 40.B 41.C 42.C 43.D 44.B 45.A 46.B 47.B 48.D 49.B 50.B 51.C 52.C 53.B 54.C 55.B 56.A 57.A 58.C 59.B 60.A61.B 62.D 63.B 64.C 65.B 66.D 67.D 68.B 69.A 70.B71.B 72.A 73.D 74C 75.A 76.D 77.C 78.D. 79.D 80.A81.B 82.B 83.C 84.C 85.B 86.A 87.C 88.B 89.A 90.D91.A 92.D 93.D 94.A 95.B 96.A 97.D 98.A 99.C 100.A101.B 102.A 103.D 104.D 105.A 106.D 107.C 108.D 109.A 110.A 111.A 112.B 113.B 114.A 115.D 116.D 117.A 118.C 119.C 120.A 121.D 122.A 123.A 124.C 125.B 126.B 127.C 128.D 129.B 130.A 131.D 132.A 133.D 134.C 135.A 136.B 137.A 138.B 139.C 140.C 141.C 142.D 143.C 144.D 145.B 146.A 147.B 148.A 149.B 150A。

1. F. de. Saussure is a (n) __________linguist.A. AmericanB. BritishC. SwissD. RussianSwiss linguist. The founder of structural linguistics, he declared that there is only an arbitrary relationship between a linguistic sign and that which it signifies. The posthumously published collection of his lectures,Course in General Linguistics (1916), is a seminal work of modern linguistics.索绪尔，费迪南德·德：(1857-1913) 瑞士语言学家，结构主义语言的创始人，他声称在语言符号和其所指含义之间仅有一种模糊的关系。

他死后，他的讲演集出版为《普通语言学教程》（1916年），是现代语言学的开山之作2.N. Chomsky is a(n) ______linguist.Canadian B. American C. French D. SwissAmerican linguist who revolutionized the study of language with his theory of generative grammar, set forth inSyntactic Structures (1957).乔姆斯基，诺阿姆：(生于1928) 美国语言学家，他在《句法结构》（1957年）一书中所阐述的关于生成语法的理论曾使语言学研究发生突破性进展3.___________is the study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference totheir distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.A.PhonologyB. Lexicography 词典编纂C. lexicology词典学D.Morphology词态词态学音位学研究的是一种语言的整个语音系统及其分布，包括某一特定语言里的语音和音位分部和结合的规律。

语言学练习题I. Introduction1. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human _______.A. contactB. communicationC. relationD. community2. Language is _______.A. instinctiveB. non-instinctiveC. staticD. genetically transmitted3. A linguist regards the changes in language and languages use as ______.A. unnaturalB. something to be fearedC. naturalD. abnormal4. Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary?A. treeB. crashC. typewriterD. bang5. The function of the sentence “Water boils at 100 degrees Centigrade” is ________.A. interrogativeB. directiveC. informativeD. performative6. In Chinese when someone breaks a bowl or a plate the host or the people present are likely to say sui sui ping an (every year be safe and happy) as a means of controlling the forces which the believers feel might affect their lives. Which functions does it perform?A. InterpersonalB. EmotiveC. PerformativeD. Recreational7. Which of the following property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place, due to this feature of language, speakers of a language are free to talk about anything in any situation?A. TransferabilityB. DualityC. DisplacementD. Arbitrariness8. Study the following dialogue. What function does it play according to the functions of language?------A nice day, isn’t it?------Right! I really enjoy the sunlight.A. EmotiveB. PhaticC. PerformativeD. Interpersonal9. Which branch of linguistics studies the similarities and differences among language?A. Diachronic linguisticsB. Synchronic linguisticsC. PrescriptiveD. Comparative linguistics10. ______ refers to the actual realization of the ideal language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in utterances.A. PerformanceB. CompetenceC. LangueD. Parole11. ______ deals with language application to other fields, particularly education.A. Linguistic geographyB. SociolinguisticsC. Applied linguisticsD. Comparative linguisticsII．Phonology1. Pitch variation is known as _____ when its patterns are imposed on sentences.A. intonationB. toneC. pronunciationD. voice2. An aspirated P, an unaspirated p and an unreleased P are _______ of the P phoneme.A. analoguesB. tagmemesC. morphemesD. allophones3. The opening between the vocal cords is sometimes referred to as _________.A. gottisB. vocal cavityC. pharynxD. uvula4. A phoneme is a group of similar sounds called _____.A. minimal pairsB. allomorphsC. phonesD. allophones5. Which one is different from the others according to manners of articulation?A. [z]B. [w]C. [ɵ]D. [v]6. Which one is different from the others according to places of articulation?A.[n]B. [m]C. [b] D [p]7. What vowel is different from others according to the characteristics of vowels?A. [i:]B. [u]C. [e] D [i]8. What kind of sounds can we make when the vocal cords are vibrating?A. VoicelessB. V oicedC. Glottal stopD. Consonant9. Which consonant represents the following description: voiceless labiodental fricative?A. [f]B. [ɵ]C. [z]D. [s]10. _____ refers to the study of phonological properties of units larger than the segment-phoneme, such as syllable, word and sentence.A. Supersegmental phonologyB. IntonationC. ToneD. StressIII. Morphology1.Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as _______.A. lexical wordsB. grammatical wordsC. function wordsD. form words2. Morphemes that represent tense, number, gender and case are called _______ morpheme.A. inflectionalB. freeC. boundD. derivational3. In English –ise and –tion are called ______.A. prefixesB. suffixesC. infixesD. free morphemes4. Morphology is generally divided into two fields: the study of word-formation and _____.A. affixationB. etymologyC. inflectionD. root5. The three subtypes of affixes are: prefix, suffix and ______.A. derivational affixB. inflectional affixC. infixD. back-formation6. ______ is a way in which new words may be formed from already existing words by subtracting an affix which is thought to be part of the old word.A. AffixationB. Back-formationC. InsertionD. Addition7. The word TB is formed in the way of ______.A. acronymB. clippingC. borrowingD. blending8. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix “ed”in the word “learned”is known as a(n) _______.A. derivational morphemeB. free morphemeC. inflectional morphemeD. free form9. The words like comsat and sitcom are formed by ______.A. blendingB. clippingC. backformationD. acronym10. The stem of disagreements is ______.A. agreementB. agreeC. disagreeD. disagreement11. All of them are meaningful except for _______.A. lexemeB. phonemeC. morphemeD. allomorphIV. Syntax1. The Head of the Phrase “the city Rome” is _______.A. the cityB. RomeC. cityD. the city and Rome2. The phrase “on the shelf” belong to ________ construction.A. endocentricB. exocentricC. subordinateD. coordinate3. The sentence “They were wanted to remain quiet and not to expose themselves” is a ______ sentence.A. simpleB. coordinateC. compoundD. complex4. ________ is a sub-field of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of language.A. MorphologyB. SyntaxC. SemanticsD. Pragmatics5. ______ does not belong to major syntactic categories.A. AuxiliaryB. NPC. ND. PP6. The criterion used in IC analysis is ______.A. transformationB. conjoiningC. groupingD. substitutabilityV. Semantics1.______ in a person’s speech, or writing, usually ranges on a continuum form casual to formalaccording to the type of communicative context.A. Stylistic variationB. Ideolectal variationC. Social variationD. Reginal variation2. Cold and hot are a pair of ______ antonyms.A. gradableB. complementaryC. reversalD. converseness3. Bull: [BOVINE] [MALE] [ADULT] is an example of ________.A. componential analysisB. predication analysisC. compositionalityD. selection restriction4. The semantic triangle holds that the meaning of a word ______.A. is interpreted through the mediation of concept.B. is related to the thing it refers to.C. is the idea associated with that word in the minds of speakers.D. is the image it is represented in the mind.5. “John killed Bill but Bill didn’t die” is a(n) ______.A. entailmentB. presuppositionC. anomalyD. contradiction6. Lexical ambiguity arises from polysemy or ______ which can not be determined by the context.A. homonymyB. antonymyC. meronymyD. synonymyI. 1-5 BBCAC 6-10 CCBDA 11CII. 1-5 ADADB 6-10 ABBAAIII. 1-5 AABCC 6-10 BACAD 11 BIV. 1-6 DBABADV. 1-6 AAAADA。

TEM8LinguisticsQuestions专八真题语言学英语专业八级考试TEM8之语言学真题1. The modern English began in the century. (00)A. 14thB. 15thC. 16thD. 17th2. Which of the word contains two morphemes?A. Physic.B. International.C. Disapproved.D. Fadism.3. Which of the following words is not formed through derivation? (01)A. Foolish.B. Clockwise.C. Babysit.D. Earthward.4. The sameness or close similarity of meaning refers to .A. polysemyB. homonymyC. antonymyD. synonymy5. is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.A. LingusiticsB. MorphorlogyC. SyntaxD. Language6. Predication analysis is a way to analyze meaning. (02)A. phonemeB. wordC. phraseD. sentence7. is not a suprasegmental feature.A. AspirationB. IntonationC. StressD. Tone8. “The orphan has no father” is a case of .A. entailmentB. presuppositionC. contradictionD. tautology9. can be simply defined as the study of meaning. (03)A. SyntaxB. SemanticsC. PragmaticsD. Linguistics10. Which of the following is NOT one of the major branches of linguistics?A. Phonetics.B. Syntax.C. Synchronic.D. Semantics.11. Which of the following words contain one bound morphemes?A. Disappearance.B. Untouchable.C. Desirability.D. Physician.12. In semantics, refers to the inherent meaning of the linguistic form. (04)A. senseB. synonymC. homonymD. reference13. The duality of the language is .A. letters and soundsB. sounds and symbolsC. symbols and meaningD. sounds and meaning14. Of all the speech organs, the is/are the most flexible.A. lipsB. mouthC. tongueD. vocal cords15. Syntax is the study of . (05)A. language functionsB. sentence structuresC. textual organizationD. word formation16. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Productivity.C. Cultural transmission.D. Finiteness.17. The Speech Act Theory was first put forward by .A. John SearleB. John AustinC. Noam ChomskyD. Halliday18. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion of . (06)A. referenceB. meaningC. antonymyD. context19. The words “ kid, child, offspring” are examples of .A. dialectal synonymsB. stylistics synonymsC. emotive synonymsD. collocational synonyms20. The distinction between parole and langue was made by .A. HallidayB. ChomskyC. BloomfieldD. Saussure21. refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation. (07)A. PhonologyB. MorphologyC. SemanticsD. Sociolinguistics22. The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPT .A. lexicalB. syntacticC. phonologicalD. psycholinguistic23. The word tail once referred to “the tail of a horse”, but now it is used to mean“ the tail of any animal”. This is an example of .A. widening of meaningB. narrowing of meaningC. meaning shiftD. loss of meaning24. Which of the following is NOT a design features of human language? (08)A. Arbitrariness.B. Displacement.C. Duality.D. Diachronicity.25. What type of sentence is “ Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.26. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called .A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. homonymy27. The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and productionis . (09)A. corpus linguisticsB. sociolinguisticsC. theoretical linguisticsD. psycholinguistics28. A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers ofdifferent languages for purposes of trading is called .A. dialectB. idiolectC. pidginD. register29. When a speaker expresses his intention of speaking, such as asking someone toopen the window, he is performing .A. an illocutionary actB. a perlocutionary actC. a locutionary actD. none of the above.30. ___ refers to the learning and development of a language.(10)A. Language acquisitionB. Language comprehensionC. Language productionD. Language instruction31. Language is a tool of communic ation. The symbol “Highway Closed” on ahighway serves ___.A. an expressive functionB. an informative functionC. a performative functionD. a persuasive function32. ___ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind. (11)A. SemanticsB. PragmaticsC. Cognitive linguisticsD. Sociolinguistics33. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of ___.A. absence of obstructionB. presence of obstructionC. manner of articulationD. place of articulation34. The definition “the act of using, or promoting the use of, several languages, etherby an individual speaker or by community of spea kers” refers to ___.A. PidginB. CreoleC. MultilingualismD. Bilingualism35. In English if a word begins with a [l] or a [r], then the next sound must be vowel. This is a(n) ___. (12)A. assimilation ruleB. sequential ruleC. deletion ruleD. grammar rule36. Which of the following is an example of clipping?A. APEC.B. Motel.C. Xerox.D. Disco.37. The type of language which is selected as appropriate toa particular type of situation is called ___.A. registerB. dialectC. slangD. variety。