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河海大学函授2012水利水电工程专业、工程管理专业、土木工程专业、机械工程及自动化专业、会计学专业、电气工程及自动化专业《数据库技术及应用—Access》测验作业站名：安徽水院站专业：姓名学号成绩（告示：请各位同学一定要把姓名、学号和专业写清、写对，出现错误者作零分处理，特此告示）一、选择题1、关系模型的基本结构是。
A、二维表B、树型结构C、无向图D、有向图2、下列不属于关系代数运算的是。
A、视图B、投影C、选择D、连接3、Access数据库管理系统支持的数据模型是。
A、网状型B、共享型C、层次型D、关系型4、数据库系统的核心是 .A）数据模型B）数据库管理系统C）数据库D）数据库管理员5、如果表A中的一条记录与表B中的多条记录相匹配，且表B中的一条记录与表A中的多条记录相匹配，则表A与表B存在的关系是。
A）一对一B）一对多C）多对一D）多对多6、利用Access创建的数据库文件，其扩展名为。
A）.ADP B）.DBF C）.FRM D）.MDB7、在Access表中，可以定义3种主关键字，它们是。
A）单字段、双字段和多字段B）单字段、双字段和自动编号C）单字段、多字段和自动编号D）双字段、多字段和自动编号8、将两个关系拼接成一个新的关系，生成的新关系中包含满足条件的元组，这种操作称为。
A）选择B）投影C）联接D）并9、下面关于Access表的叙述中，错误的是。
A）在Access表中，可以对备注型字段进行“格式”属性设置B）若删除表中含有自动编号型字段的一条记录后，Access不会对表中自动编号型字段重新编号C）创建表之间的关系时，应关闭所有打开的表D）可在Access表的设计视图“说明”列中，对字段进行具体的说明（10）～（12）题使用已建立的“tEmployee”表，表结构及表内容如下所示：字段名称字段类型字段大小雇员ID 文本10姓名文本10性别文本 1出生日期日期/时间职务文本14简历备注联系电话文本8雇员ID 姓名性别出生日期职务简历联系电话1 王宁女1960-1-1 经理1984年大学毕业，曾是销售员359764502 李清男1962-7-1 职员1986年大学毕业，现为销售员359764513 王创男1970-1-1 职员1993年专科毕业，现为销售员359764524 郑炎女1978-6-1 职员1999年大学毕业，现为销售员359764535 魏小红女1934-11-1 职员1956年专科毕业，现为管理员3597645410、在“tEmployee”表中，“姓名”字段的字段大小为10，在此列输入数据时，最多可输入的汉字数和英文字符数分别是。
河海大学函授2013水利水电工程专业、工程管理专业、土木工程专业、《新发展英语1-2》测验作业及答案(参考资料做的,不保证全对) 专业：姓名学号成绩Part One: Vocabulary and Structure1. What __D___ us most in that disaster was their readiness to give their lives for the public health.A. depressedB. expressedC. exposedD. impressed2. I like watching TV __B____ to the cinema.A. more than to goB. than goingC. rather than to goD. more than going3. He moved away from his parents, and missed them __B____ enjoy the exciting life in New York.A. enough toB. too much toC. very much toD. much so as to4.He ___A__ a lot of bad habits from his companions.A. picked upB. picked outC. selectedD. elected5.Most of my students are able to __B___ English dictionaries for unknown words.A. insultB. consultC. resultD. refer6. He _A_ great self-control for her rudeness.A. exhibitedB. inhabitedC. exhaustedD. existed7. The __C___ of the fog made it difficult to see where we were going.A. intensityB. libertyC. densityD. penalty8. It is suggested that the experiment ____C__ under low temperature.A. makesB. is madeC. be madeD. will be made9. I don‟t think ___C___ worthwhile to take so much trouble to do the job.A. thisB. thatC. itD. those10. This picture is believed ____D__ painted by Turner.A. it wasB. to beC. to beingD. to have been11. More people than ever before are running ____A_ the city council.A. intoB. outC. acrossD. for12. _____B_ the English exam, I would have gone to the concert last Monday.A. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As for13. Water will continue to be ___C___ it is today －next in importance to oxygen.A. howB. itC. whatD. as14. He was lucky to escape ____A__ to prison.A. being sentB. sendingC. to be sentD. sent15. The goods will be _B____ in accordance with your instructions.A. destructedB. deliveredC. discoveredD. deprived16. He continued on his way, _A____ of the danger which lay ahead.A. ignorantB. identicalC. idealD. illegal17. Such problems _A___ air and water pollutions have to be solved as soon as possible.A. likeB. asC. ofD. about18. It was good ____B__ him to invite me to his wedding feast.A. forB. ofC. inD. about19. Nobody believed his reason for being late _C_____ his car broke down on the way.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. because20. Under no circumstances ____C__ those unreasonable terms.A. we shall acceptB. must we acceptingC. shall we acceptD. accept we21. The day will come __C____ coal and oil will be used as raw materials rather than fuels.A. asB. whileC. whenD. whether22. You can rely on it ___C___ everything will be ready by Monday.A. whichB. whenC. thatD. what23. The number of the students in a foreign language class ___C___ usually limited to no more than thirty.A. haveB. areC. isD. will be24. We ____C_ to realize the value of what we have had until there is no more of it in our life.A. pretendB. intendC. tendD. attend25. If you carry __C___ with your life like this, you will bring ruin upon your glorious future.A. outB. awayC. onD. for26. Take time to ___B___before you rush into anything.A. admitB. considerC. absorbD. acknowledge27. At first he said nothing, then his silence gave ___A__ to anger.A. wayB. birthC. roomD. rise28. When it comes to mathematics, my son feels confident, whereas when it comes to Chinese, he feels__B___.A. concentratedB. frustratedC. destructedD. constructed29. Her application had been turned _A__ repeatedly, but she never gave up, which moved the boss so deeply as to afford herthe chance at last.A. downB. upC. onD. off30. When you live in an alien land, it is wise of you to ___B__ yourself to the local customs where you are.A. adaptB. adoptC. abandonD. accusePart Two: Reading ComprehensionQuestion 31 – 35 are based on the following passage:People tend to be more impressed by evidence that seems to confirm some relationship. Thus many are convinced their dreams are prophetic (预言的) because a few have come true; they neglect or fail to notice the many that have not.Consider also the belief that “the phone always rings when I‟m in the shower”. If it does ring while you in the shower, the event will stand out and be remembered. If it doesn‟t ring, that non-event probably won‟t even register (留下印象).People want to see order, pattern and meaning in the world. Consider, for example, the common belief that things like personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths “happen in threes”. Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third event to define the time period. If three plane crashes occur in a month, then the period of time that occurs as their “happening together” is a month; if three crashes occur in a year, the period of time is stretched. Flexible and points reinforce such beliefs.We also tend to believe what we want to believe. A majority of people think they are more intelligent, more fair-minded and more skilled behind the wheel of an automobile than the average person. Part of the reason we view ourselves so favorable is that we use criteria that work to our advantage. As economist Thomas Schelling explains, “Everybody ranks himself high in qualities he values; careful drivers give weight to care, skilled drivers give weight to skill, and those who are polite give weight to courtesy.” This way everyone ranks high on his own scale.Perhaps the most important mental habit we can learn is to be cautious in drawing conclusions. The “evidence”of everyday life is sometimes misleading.31. In Paragraph 1 the author states that ____A__.A. reams cannot be said to prophetic even though a few have come trueB. dreams are prophetic because some of them did come trueC. dreams may come true if clearly rememberedD. dreams and reality are closely related32. By “things like ……happen in threes‟” in Paragraph 3, the author indicates that people believe _C_____.A. personal misfortunes tend to happen every now and thenB. personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths usually happen togetherC. misfortunes tend to occur according to certain patternsD. misfortunes will never occur more than three times to a person in his lifetime33. The word “courtesy” in Paragraph 4 probably means __A_____.A. good mannersB. appropriate speechC. friendly relationsD. satisfactory service34. What can be inferred from the passage? AA. Happenings that go unnoticed deserve more attention.B. In a series of misfortunes the third one is usually the most serious.C. People tend to make use of evidence that supports their own beliefs.D. Believers of misfortunes happening in threes are cautious in interpreting events.35. It can concluded from the passage that ___D___.A. there is some truth even in the wildest dreamsB. one should take notice of other people‟s meritsC. there is no order or pattern in world eventsD. we should not base our conclusions on accidental evidence Question 36 – 40 are based on the following passage:Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriage and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man in his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight success was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight success.Why are attractive women not thought to be capable? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine (女性的) and an attractive man more masculine (男性的) than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditional female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine” qualitiesrequired.This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order that they would vote for them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.36. The word “liability” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_____C_____”.A. misfortuneB. instabilityC. disadvantageD. burden37. In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness ___A____.A. reinforces the feminine qualities requiredB. makes women look more honest and capableC. is of primary importance to womenD. often enables women to succeed quickly38. Bowman‟s experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness __D_____.A. turns out to be an obstacle to menB. affects men and women alikeC. has as little effect on men as on womenD. is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women39. It can be inferred from the passage that people‟s views on beauty are often ___B____.A. practicalB. prejudicedC. old-fashionedD. radical40. The author writes this passage to ____C___.A. discuss the negative aspects of being attractiveB. give advice to job seekers who are attractiveC. demand equal rights for womenD. emphasize the importance of appearanceQuestion 41 – 45 are based on the following passage:An application letter — the letter you write to apply for a job — will probably be the most important kind of letter you will ever write. Very likely, it is a letter that you will write several times, as most people change employers several times during their business careers. Your first job, as well as each of those that follow, is almost certain to involve some writing — and most employers look upon an application letter as an excellent indicator of an applicant‟s writing and other communication skills.The purpose of your application letter, which should go together with your resume, is to get you an in-person interview with the employer. If the letter is a good one, it most likely will achieve its objective.The general plan of an application letter closely matches that of a sales letter. For an application letter, the “product” you are selling consists of your knowledge, your skills, your personality — everything about you that will enable you to perform the job to the satisfaction of the employer. As a result, you must understand the employer‟s needs, know the specific requirements of the job you are seeking, and know what you have to “sell”.41. The word “those” (underlined) refers to __A____.A. the jobsB. the lettersC. the timesD. the employers42. Obviously, after you have presented your application letter, you will __B___.A. hand in a copy of your resumeB. expect a face-to-face interviewC. achieve your objectiveD. work for the employer43. According to the passage, your application letter is important because ___C___.A. it means how experienced you areB. it indicates how hard you can workC. it shows how well you can communicateD. it tells how successful the interview will be44. The writer of this passage compares an application letter to ____D__.A. a strong personalityB. a satisfactory skillC. a new productD. a sales letter45. To ensure that the letter can satisfy the employer, you must ____A___.A. know his needsB. tell your requirementsC. show your knowledgeD. get familiar with his product Question 46 – 50 are based on the following passage:The London Underground (usually called “the tube”) is the biggest subway system in the world. It is also the fastest way to travel in the city. The network consists of nine major routes, called “lines”.You can buy tickets at any underground station, at a ticket office, or from a ticket machine. Some of the ticket machines require exact money. All of the machines display “Change given” or “Exact money only” signs. The price of the ticket depends on the length of the trip. The longer the trip, the higher the cost of the ticket.Trains stop at all stations. On some trains, passengers need to press a button to open doors. Every underground train car has maps that show all the stations on the line you are traveling on. There is a map of the whole underground system in every station.Smoking is not allowed on underground trains or in stations.46. According to the passage, the other name of the subway in London is “ __D___.”A. the subway systemB. the undergroundC. the linesD. the tube47. The phrase “Exact money only” (Para.2) means __B______.A. change is offeredB. no change is givenC. no coins are acceptedD. only coins are accepted48. On some trains, if a passenger wants to get off, he has to ___C___.A. inform the driverB. show his ticketC. press a buttonD. read a map49. A map of the whole underground system can be found in ___B____.A. every trainB. every stationC. some train carsD. some ticket offices50. This passage mainly tells the reader how ____A____.A. the London Underground worksB. the London Underground developsC. a passenger buys a subway ticketD. a passenger travels on a subway trainPart Three: ClozeCan you imagine how different your life would be if you did not know how to read and write? Many of the things you ____B__ for granted during an ordinary day ___A___ no longer be possible if you could not read. You would miss the basic ____C__ you depend on for simple activities ____D__ from following instructions on a machine bottle to __B____ traffic sighs. If you could not read __B____, newspapers, and magazines, you would be out of __A____ with the world around you. Your understanding of that world be limited even further __D____ the insight provided by stories, poems, and novels. If you __C____ not write, you would be unable to record information and ideas for other people. __A____ You would lose the personal pleasure of keeping a __B____ to explore your private thoughts, creating an ____C__ world in a story, or a capturing your feelings ___D___ the words of a poem of song.Try to imagine how different life would be if ___D___ could read and write. The shape of our entire _C_____ would change. Obviously the printing and ___A___ industry would not exist. The absence of reading and writing would _____B_ a surprising number of other organizations, ___A___ the automotive industry, the business machines and computer industries, and electronic communication companies. The reason, ___C___ is that the printing and publishing industry is a very important part of every one of these organizations. Modern life depends on communication, ____D__ written communication.51. A. think B. take C. consider D. have52. A. would B. will C. can D. may53. A. technology B. science C. information D. technique54. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything55. A. obeying B. obey C. having obeyed D. be obeying56. A. characters B. letters C. words D. symbols57. A. pity B. touch C. date D. stock58. A. with B. by C. without D. for59. A. can B. need C. do D. could60. A. Of course B. However C. In addition D. Therefore61. A. journal B. notice C. magazine D. notebook62. A. image B. imaginary C. imaginative D. imaginable63. A. on B. about C. in D. for64. A. someone B. everyone C. anyone D. no one65. A. universe B. globe C. society D. earth66. A. processing B. farming C. publishing D. issuing67. A. effect B. produce C. result D. affect68. A. excluding B. including C. except D. within69. A. of course B. moreover C. however D. in addition70. A. specially B. essentially C. specifically D. especiallyPart Four: Translation71. More than twenty years of reform and opening-up has added color and variety to our life.二十多年的改革开放为我们的生活增添了色彩和变化72. The book contains sample questions and answers, which will help you to pass the exam.这本书包括例题和答案，可以帮助你通过考试。
高等学校水利类统编教材《水利专业外语》迟道才周振民主编上传人单位：华北水利水电学院水利系目录Lesson 1 importance of water 水的重要性 (3)Lesson 2 the Hydrologic Cycle 水循环 (5)Lesson 3 hydrology 水文学 (7)Lesson 4 underground water 地下水 (11)Lesson 5 what causes flooding洪水是怎样形成的 (16)Lesson 6 nature of water pollution 水污染的性质 (19)Lesson 7 Planning for water resources development水资源开发规划 (22)Lesson 8 reservoirs 水库 (26)Lesson 9 Properties of concrete混凝土的特性 (30)Lesson 10 basic concepts of reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土基本概念 (35)Lesson 11 dams 坝 (38)Lesson 12 embankment dams 土石坝 (42)Lesson 13 concrete gravity dam on rock foundations 岩基上的混凝土重力坝.. 46 Lesson 14 Arch dams 拱坝 (51)Lesson 15 spillways溢洪道 (56)Lesson 16 design forces 设计作用力 (61)Lesson 17 Significance of infiltration and process of infiltration入渗重要性及过程 (65)Lesson 18 evapotranspiration 腾发量 (68)Lesson 19 irrigation methods 灌溉方法 (71)Lesson 20 irrigation canals灌溉渠道 (79)Lesson 21 land drainage 耕地排水 (83)Lesson 22 methods of applications of drip irrigation systems滴灌系统的应用方法 (88)Lesson 23 hydraulic turbines水轮机 (92)Lesson 24 hydro-electric power 水力发电 (96)Lesson 25 differential leveling 水准测量（微差水准测量） (102)Lesson 26 construction and equipment施工和设备 (107)Lesson 27 engineering economy in water resources planning水利规划中工程经济 (110)Lesson 28 soil erosion and soil conservation 土壤侵蚀与土壤保持 (116)Lesson 29 groundwater and climate change地下水与气候变化 (120)Lesson 30 irrigation performance evaluation 灌溉运行评价 (124)Lesson 31 bidding, bid opening and award of contract招标、开标和授予合同 127 Lesson 32 how to write a scientific paper如何撰写科技论文 (131)Lesson 1 importance of water 水的重要性Water is best known and most abundant of all chemical compounds occurring inrelatively pure form on the earth’s surface. Oxygen, the most abundant chemical element, is present in combination with hydrogen to the extent of 89 percent in water. Water covers about three fourths of the earth's surface and permeates cracks of much solid land. The Polar Regions (原文polar regions) are overlaid with vast quantitiesof ice, and the atmosphere of the earth carries water vapor in quantities from 0.1percent to 2 percent by weight. It has been estimated that the amount of water inthe atmosphere above a square mile of land on a mild summer day is of the order of50,000 tons.在地球表面以相对纯的形式存在的一切化合物中，水是人们最熟悉的、最丰富的一种化合物。
河海大学函授专升本水利水电工程专业教学运行计划
各门课程的考试都在集中面授期间完成
河海大学函授专升本工程管理专业教学运行计划
各门课程的考试都在集中面授期间完成
河海大学函授专升本土木工程专业教学运行计划
各门课程的考试都在集中面授期间完成
河海大学函授专升本机械工程及自动化专业教学运行计划
各门课程的考试都在集中面授期间完成
河海大学函授专升本会计学专业教学运行计划
各门课程的考试都在集中面授期间完成
河海大学函授专升本电气工程及自动化专业教学运行计划
各门课程的考试都在集中面授期间完成。
河海大学水利水电学院招收在职人员攻读水利工程领域工程硕士专业学位招生简章河海大学是一所以水利为特色，工科为主，理、工、经、管、文、法多学科协调发展的教育部直属全国重点大学，是国务院首批授权可以授予学士、硕士、博士学位和自行审定教授、博士生导师的高校，是国家“ 211工程”重点建设和国家重点支持开展“国家级优势学科创新平台”建设，以及设有研究生院的学校之一。
学校现有1个一级学科国家重点学科（水利工程），7个二级学科国家重点学科，9个省级重点学科；10个国家级以及省部级重点实验室，7个国家级以及省部级工程研究中心；7个博士后流动站；38个博士点，124个硕士点。
学校研究生教育始于50年代，是国家首批招收博士、硕士研究生的单位和全国最早开展研究生教育的学校之一。
河海大学在包括水利工程等的18个领域招收工程硕士。
水利水电学院是河海大学的骨干学院。
学院学科覆盖面广，现有博士点学科6个、硕士点学科9个和本科专业3个。
博士点学科有水工结构工程、水力学及河流动力学、水利水电工程、水灾害与水安全、水利水电建设工程管理和农业水土工程等，其中，水工结构工程、水力学及河流动力学和水利水电工程均为水利工程国家重点学科中的二级学科；硕士点学科有水工结构工程、水力学及河流动力学、水利水电工程、水灾害与水安全、水利水电建设工程管理、农业水土工程、农业生物环境与能源工程和土壤学。
本科专业有水利水电工程、农业水利工程、设施农业科学与工程，分属水利水电工程系和农业水利工程系。
同时，学院还设有水利工程博士后流动站，教育部水利水电工程安全工程研究中心和南方地区高效灌排与农业水土环境教育部重点实验室均挂靠本院。
学院也是水文水资源与水利工程国家重点实验室和水资源高效利用与工程安全国家工程研究中心的主要建设学院。
水利工程领域主要研究方向包括：水文分析与计算，水资源规划及利用，水利水电规划，高坝及坝基安全监控理论与方法和技术，坝工设计计算理论与试验技术，高边坡及地下工程，大型水闸、船闸及输水结构，水工混凝土结构及新材料，河道整治与管理，工程水力学，生态水力学，计算水力学，水沙运动理论与工程应用，工程渗流及地下水环境，水利工程建设管理及施工，水利水电工程勘测与设计，水电站水库优化调度，水电站经济运行，水利经济，水电站及泵站水力学，水电站及泵站结构，水力机组安全控制及过渡过程，抽水蓄能及新能源技术，水利水电工程项目管理，水利水电工程造价管理，水利水电工程运行管理，水利水电工程安全管理，水工建筑物综合整治技术，水利水电建设项目后评价，水务规划与水务管理，水灾害形成机理，水灾害预测与防治，水安全评估与风险分析，水灾害管理，水信息技术，农业水土资源规划与管理，节水灌溉与农田排水，泵站工程，水土保持，水土环境保护，农村新能源开发，灌溉排水的生态环境效应，灌区现代化管理等。
浙江水利水电专科学校2010年成人教育招生简章学校代码：447一、招生专业※河海大学为进入211工程的以水利为特色的全国重点大学。
※天津理工大学在工程造价领域的水平和影响在全国处于领先地位，国家造价师统一考试相关的教材、命题等工作以及培训的重要基地。
二、报考条件1、专科：普通高中及各类中等职业学校（职高、中专、技校）毕业或具有同等学力的在职从业人员和社会青年均可报考。
2、专升本：国民教育系列专科毕业的在职从业人员可报考。
三、报考办法、考试、学费及有关说明1、考生须参加全国成人高校统一招生考试。
高中起点专科考试科目：语文、数学、英语；专升本考试科目：政治、英语、高等数学。
2、2010年成人高考招生实行网上报名。
报名分两个阶段：第一阶段通过网上信息输入，时间为2010年8月中下旬，考生在规定的时间内登陆浙江省成人高校招生网站：浙江教育考试院（），按网上提示程序准确输入个人基本信息和志愿信息，全部输入完毕后务必记录保管好自己的预报名号和密码。
第二阶段到现场信息确认，考生在规定的时间内携带本人报考有关证件、证明原件和复印件，到自己选定的报名确认点，办理报名资格审查、交费、电子摄像和网上报名信息的确认。
全国成人高考日期为10月的第三个星期六、日。
具体以浙江省教育考试院通告为准。
（错过了报名时间或遇有报考疑难问题，请直接与我校取得联系）3、由浙江省教育考试院组织各校统一录取。
为使高考分数上线，考生须尽早开始复习。
考生可向当地招生办或新华书店订购2010年新出版的复习大纲及复习资料自行复习备考，也可参加当地的考前复习班。
当年没录取的考生也可以先跟班学习，下年再考。
4、每一专业具体学费按照省物价部门核准收费标准收取。
四、毕业待遇学生学完教学计划规定的课程，成绩合格由学校发给国家承认并经教育部电子注册的毕业证书。
对符合条件的本科毕业生可以授予学士学位。
五、专业简介：（一）专科：水利水电建筑工程专业：主要在水利工程管理部门或施工企业从事水利工程的预算、施工、运行、监理、质量检查等技术工作及组织管理工作。
通知河海大学函授2014级课程进修班各位学员：1、请2014级课程进修班“水利水电工程”、“土木工程”、“工程管理”专业的学员务必按照课表安排要求参加周末面授（非毕业在校学生都必须参加），请到水利楼102室班主任处领取周末面授课表。
即将毕业已经离校的学生和“工程管理”专业的《管理学》、《工程经济学》二门课程安排在10月下旬进行集中面授（集中面授在网上另行通知）。
2、课程进修班各专业的学员务必于集中面授时到函授站班主任处领取集中面授课表和考试安排表。
3、课程进修班各专业的学员务必于集中面授时把各门课程测验卷做好、分别装订后交给班主任，过期作废（平时的30％成绩往往以此为准）。
4、课程进修班各专业的学员请务必于集中面授期间到学院财务处交第二年学杂费2680元(学费2420元、书费260元)。
河海大学不负责欠费学员的学籍管理，并停发欠费学员的教材等资料。
5、各位函授生要克服一切困难，排除各种干扰，自我约束，按照各门课程教学周历的要求，抓紧平时自学。
请相互转告！河海大学函授站 2014.9.1河海大学成人函授专升本2014级水利水电工程专业课程进修班第二学期周末面授课表备注：1、课程进修班中凡是安徽水利水电职业技术学院非毕业在校学生都必须参加本次面授，即将毕业和已经离校的学生参加11月集中面授。
2、授课教师和班主任应负责做好对学生每次上课的考勤记录，课程结束后及时将《学生考勤记录表》交到函授站。
上课地点：静安楼308室班主任：顾红丽联系电话：67316799授课教师：《大学英语》——袁春梅《钢筋混凝土》——宋春发《水力学》——陈明杰《结构力学》——史怀飚河海大学函授站 2014年9月1日备注：1、课程进修班中凡是安徽水利水电职业技术学院非毕业在校学生都必须参加本次面授，即将毕业和已经离校的学生参加11月集中面授。
2、授课教师和班主任应负责做好对学生每次上课的考勤记录，课程结束后及时将《学生考勤记录表》交到函授站。
高等学校水利类统编教材《水利专业外语》迟道才周振民主编上传人单位:华北水利水电学院水利系目录Lesson 1 importance of water 水的重要性 (3)Lesson 2 the Hydrologic Cycle 水循环 (5)Lesson 3 hydrology 水文学 (7)Lesson 4 underground water 地下水 (11)Lesson 5 what causes flooding洪水是怎样形成的 (16)Lesson 6 nature of water pollution 水污染的性质 (19)Lesson 7 Planning for water resources development水资源开发规划 (22)Lesson 8 reservoirs 水库 (26)Lesson 9 Properties of concrete混凝土的特性 (30)Lesson 10 basic concepts of reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土基本概念 (35)Lesson 11 dams 坝 (38)Lesson 12 embankment dams 土石坝 (42)Lesson 13 concrete gravity dam on rock foundations 岩基上的混凝土重力坝.. 46 Lesson 14 Arch dams 拱坝 (51)Lesson 15 spillways溢洪道 (56)Lesson 16 design forces 设计作用力 (61)Lesson 17 Significance of infiltration and process of infiltration入渗重要性及过程 (65)Lesson 18 evapotranspiration 腾发量 (68)Lesson 19 irrigation methods 灌溉方法 (71)Lesson 20 irrigation canals灌溉渠道 (79)Lesson 21 land drainage 耕地排水 (83)Lesson 22 methods of applications of drip irrigation systems滴灌系统的应用方法 (88)Lesson 23 hydraulic turbines水轮机 (92)Lesson 24 hydro-electric power 水力发电 (96)Lesson 25 differential leveling 水准测量（微差水准测量) (102)Lesson 26 construction and equipment施工和设备 (107)Lesson 27 engineering economy in water resources planning水利规划中工程经济 (110)Lesson 28 soil erosion and soil conservation 土壤侵蚀与土壤保持 (116)Lesson 29 groundwater and climate change地下水与气候变化 (120)Lesson 30 irrigation performance evaluation 灌溉运行评价 (124)Lesson 31 bidding， bid opening and award of contract招标、开标和授予合同127 Lesson 32 how to write a scientific paper如何撰写科技论文 (131)Lesson 1 importance of water 水的重要性Water is best known and most abundant of all chemical compounds occurring in relatively pure form on the earth’s surface. Oxygen， the most abundant chemical element， is present in combination with hydrogen to the extent of 89 percent in water。
河海大学函授2010级水利水电工程专业、工程管理、机械工程及自动化专业《Visual Basic程序设计》自学安排自学过程中若有问题可与老师联系：E_Mail: Dshwan@和dshwan@ 通讯地址：河海大学函授部转万定生河海大学函授2010级水利水电工程专业、工程管理、机械工程及自动化专业《Visual Basic程序设计》基本自学要求一、内容和目的本课程以Visual Basic6.0为语言背景，课程内容包括VB语言基础，输入输出，分支程序设计，循环程序设计，数组，过程，数据文件的存取，程序的调试等。
通过本课程的学习，使学生掌握VB可视化程序设计的基本方法和使用VB解决实际问题的初步能力。
具体要求如下：1．了解面向对象的初步概念；2．熟悉VB标准控件的使用，能在VB集成化开发环境下设计用户界面；3．掌握可视化程序设计方法，编制出风格良好的应用程序；4．掌握上机调试程序的基本技能。
二、基本内容和知识点（一）基本概念及基本操作1．可视化编程的概念对象，容器，类，属性，方法；事件，事件过程，事件驱动2．集成化开发环境主窗口，窗体编辑器，工具箱和控件，工程资源管理器，属性窗口，代码窗口3．窗体及VB标准控件的使用标准控件基本操作、标准控件的常用属性、事件、方法4．工程的管理重点掌握下列三种类型的文件：.vbp，.frm，.bas；创建、打开和保存工程添加、删除和保存文件（二）程序设计基础1．基本数据类型数值型（整型，长整型，单精度，双精度，货币型，字节型），字符型，逻辑型，日期型，变体型2．常量与变量3．表达式算术表达式，字符串表达式，日期表达式，关系表达式和逻辑表达式4．常用内部函数数学函数；字符串函数；日期和时间函数；类型转换函数5．代码编写规则（三）赋值与输入输出1．赋值语句2．常用基本语句：Rem；Load；Unload；End；Stop3. Print方法4．窗体(Form)：基本属性；事件；方法；焦点与Tab键序5. 基本控件:(1)控件属性；(2)命令按钮；(3)标签) (4)文本框；6. 使用对话框: (1)输入对话框(InputBox函数)；(2)消息对话框(MsgBox函数)（四）选择结构1．条件语句（If…Then，If…Then…Else）；条件语句的嵌套2．多分支语句（Select Case）3．选择性控件（单选按钮OptionButton和复选框CheckBox）4．使用计时器（Timer）（五）循环结构1．循环语句 For...Next；Do...Loop（前测型和后测型）；While...Wend；Exit2. 多重循环3. 列表框(ListBox)与组合框(ComboBox)（六）数组1. 数组的概念: 数组与数组元素；下标和数组的维数2. 数组的声明和应用: 数组声明语句(Dim)；Array函数3. 动态数组: 建立动态数组(ReDim)；数组刷新语句(Erase)4. For Each...Next循环语句5. 控件数组（七）过程1．通用过程Sub过程、Function过程和Sub Main过程、过程的定义与调用（Call语句）2．参数传递形参与实参，按地址（ByRef）传递和按值（ByVal）传递3．过程的嵌套与递归调用4．变量的作用范围代码模块的概念；变量的作用域(局部变量，模块级变量，全局变量)；变量的生存期(动态变量，静态变量)5. 多窗体与Sub Main过程（八）数据文件的存取1．数据文件概述 数据文件的结构；文件类型；文件处理的一般步骤；文件的打开(Open)和关闭(Close)；有关的语句和函数(FreeFile，Seek，Eof，Lof，Loc)2. 顺序文件: 写入操作(Write，Print)；读出操作(Input，Line Input)3．随机文件: 存取操作(Get，Put)（九）其他常用语句及控件1．其他常用语句: Option Explicit，Def，Type，Enum，Goto，On Goto，DoEvents2. 框架(Frame)3．滚动条(ScrollBar)4．图形方法和图形控件 坐标系；图形方法(Pset，Line，Circle)；图片框(PictureBox)；图像框(Image)；Shape形状控件；Line直线控件5．菜单设计下拉式菜单；菜单编辑器；弹出式菜单6. 工具栏和状态栏 ActiveX控件简介；工具栏(ToolBar)；状态栏(StatusBar)7. 对话框 通用对话框(CommonDialog)；自定义对话框。
Lession 11 danms坝The first dam for which there are reliable records was built on the Nile River sometime before 4000B.C. it is used to divert the Nile and provide a site for the ancient city of Memphis. 据可靠记载，世界上第一座坝是公元前4000年以前在尼罗河上修建的。
他使尼罗河改道，并为古老的孟菲斯城提供城址。
The oldest dam still in use is the Almanza Dam in Spain, which was constructed in the sixteenth century. With the passage of time, materials and methods of construction have improved, making possible the erection of such large dams as the Nurek Dam which is being constructed in the Former Soviet Union on the Vaksh River near the border of Afghanistan. This dam will be 1017 ft (333m)high,of earth and rock fill. 至今仍在使用的最古老的坝是16世纪修建的西班牙阿尔曼扎坝。
随着岁月的流逝，各种建筑材料和施工方法得到了改善，修建列努克这样的大坝才成为可能。
该坝正在前苏联境内靠近阿富汗边界的瓦赫什河上施工，是一座高达1017英尺（333米）的土石坝。
The failure of a dam may cause serious loss of life and property; consequently, the design and maintenance of dams are commonly under government surveillance. In the United States over 30,000 dams are under the control of state authorities. The 1972 Federal Dam Safety Act (PL 92-267)requires periodic inspections of dams by qualified experts. The failure of the Teton Dam in Idaho in June 1976 added to the concern for dam safety in the United States. 大坝失事可能造成生命财产的严重损失。
P71 2-1混凝土重力坝类型基本上，重力水坝保持其对设计载荷从几何形状和混凝土的质量和强度稳定坚固的混凝土结构。
一般情况下，它们在一条直线轴构成，但也可以稍微弯曲或成角度，以适应特定的现场条件。
重力坝通常由非溢流坝段（S）和溢出部分或溢洪道。
这两个一般混凝土的施工方法，混凝土重力坝是常规放置大体积混凝土和碾压。
Conventional concrete dams.传统的混凝土大坝。
（1）传统上放置大体积混凝土坝的特点是建筑施工中用的材料和配料使用的技术，混匀，放置，固化和大体积混凝土的温度控制（美国混凝土学会（ACI）207.1 R-87）。
典型溢出和非溢出部分示于图2-1和图2-2。
建筑采用已开发和完善了多年设计和建造大体积混凝土大坝的方法。
普通混凝土的水泥水化过程限制大小和混凝土浇筑的速度和建设就必须在巨石满足裂缝控制要求。
通常采用大尺寸的粗集料，混合比例被选择为产生低坍落度混凝土，使经济，在放置期间保持良好的加工性，水化过程中发育的最低温度上升，并产生重要性能如强度，抗渗性和耐久性。
大坝建设与传统的混凝土容易便于安装管道，压力管道，画廊等，在结构内。
（2）施工过程包括配料和混合，运输，安置，振动，冷却，固化，并准备电梯间的水平施工缝。
在重力坝大体积混凝土通常证明一个现场搅拌站，并需要足够的质量和数量，位于或项目的经济范围内的总根源。
一般是在水桶由卡车，铁路，起重机，索道，或这些方法的组合进行4至12立方码大小不等，从批次厂坝运输。
最大桶大小通常是通过有效地扩散和振动混凝土桩后它被从桶倾倒的能力受到限制。
混凝土被放置在5-升降机至10英尺的深度。
每部电梯由连续层不超过18至20英寸。
振动一般由大的人，气动，开钻式振动器进行。
保洁水平施工缝固化过程中去除表面上的薄弱浮浆薄膜的方法包括绿色切削，湿喷砂和高压气水射流。
传统的混凝土安置的其他详情载于EM 1110-2-2000。
（3）由于水泥水化产生的热量，需要在大体积混凝土的放置和放置几天后仔细的温度控制。
河海大学水利水电工程学院
2010年接收推免研究生复试安排
1、参加复试的学生需在10月12号上午9：00-11：00到水电院研究生培养办公室（水电馆311）进行专业课笔试科目登记。
2、复试工作包括专业课笔试、外语听力、面试等方面。
笔试科目为专业课一（材料力学）或专业课二（水力学）中的任意一门，参考书目按《河海大学2010年硕士学位研究生招生专业目录》。
3、复试时间地点
接收校内和校外推免生面试一起进行，具体安排如下：
4、复试安排详见研究生院公布的学院复试细则。
水利水电工程学院 2009年10月3日。
水利水电工程专业英语的阅读与翻译当前，世界科学技术发展十分迅速，为了了解、学习和借鉴国外先进的科学技术，为我国的社会主义建设服务，需要大量的阅读和翻译国外科技文献资料。
另外，近年来和在以后的若干年内，我国在水利水电建设中，从国外引进了且还将继续引进大批先进技术和设备，为了尽快消化这些新技术和装好、用好及管理好这些设备，也需要详细地阅读和翻译引进的技术和设备的技术说明文件。
要提高专业科技英语的阅读和翻译能力，除需要掌握英语语法的基本知识和基本词汇及具有相当广泛的专业知识之外，还必需熟悉专业词汇和科技英语中一些常用词、词组或短语，熟悉科技英语常见的句型和文体，以及掌握翻译科技文献基本技巧。
本教材宗旨在帮助学生提高顺利地阅读或翻译科技专业英语文献资料的能力，希望通过本书能够达到以下几个目的。
1、使学生熟悉英语词汇的构词规律及掌握确定科技英语词汇词义的方法。
2、使学生熟悉典型的科技英语句型、文体。
3、使学生掌握科技英语文献翻译的基本技巧。
4、为学生提供一部分专业英语词汇及常用词组或短语。
第一章词的构成及科技术语翻译方法§1词的构成专业英语的许多词汇都具有其特定的意义，在构词方法上则大量引用希腊和拉丁词素，用合成与派生方法构词，因此，掌握英语的构词规律，可以帮助记忆新词，扩大词汇量和提高阅读能力。
英语的单词主要由三部分组成：1、简单的单根词如work、stone、man等。
单根词在英语中只占极少数，且意义明确，不难记住。
2、由几个单根词组成的复合词如workman（工人）、stonework（石工）等，复合词在英语中的数量也有限，只要了解了组成的每一单根词义，该词的意义也就自然明确了。
3、由单根词、复合词或一些单独使用的词根加上词头和词尾的派生词，英语中大多数的词都属于这种词。
英语单词中的词根是词中最基本的部分，表达该词的基本意义，虽然词根的数量有限，但却是构成单词的基础，能繁衍出大量的派生词，所以掌握专业英语中常见词根的涵义，是熟悉和扩大专业词汇量的关键。
课本交给面授老师评价，算总成绩的20%。
请面授老师务必给出函授学生的成绩，直接以20分记，无作业为零分，有作业为10——15分，正确，书写认真，卷面整洁为17分以上。
成绩评定表和面授考勤成绩和期末考试卷一起寄交河海大学函授部。
如果没有平时作业成绩和面授考勤，总成绩要打折。
[自学重点]：积累词汇；练习听说；训练阅读；学习英语应用文写作；了解英美文化。
[辅导建议]1 安排至少18课时面授辅导。
1-3课时Unit 1,2,3 4-6课时Unit 4,5,6 7-9 课时Unit 7,8,9 10-12课时Unit 10,11,1213-16课时Unit 1,2,3 17-18 课时Reading Skill and Writing2 讲读Text A，分析多重难、长句，检查学生对文章大意的了解，可利用Part II阅读理解练习提问，以达到练习口语能力的目的。
3 辅导Part III作业，帮助完成较难的翻译练习。
认真检查学生的各单元书面作业。
4 介绍一些自学英语的方法，工具书，有条件的函授站可组织学员看一、两部英文电影，以了解英美文化。
以下是测试作业，在面授期间完成，由函授站集体收交，函寄河海大学函授部转交田舒黎老师批改。
河海大学函授2010级土木工程专业《英语BI》教学计划课程名称：大学英语I 2010学年第1学期教材版本：《新发展英语》（外研社年级：2010级土木工程专业学时4/周任课教师：孙晓凌函授站要求：1、测验卷做好后务必于集中上课的第一天直接交给函授站,由函授站统一集中寄给河海大学老师批改。
测验不交或迟交者无平时成绩，考试无效！2、各位函授生要克服一切困难，排除各种干扰，自我约束，按照各门课程教学周历的要求，抓紧平时自学。
大学的关键就是自学，以平时自学为主，仅仅靠集中上课的学习是完不成学业的。
河海大学函授2010级水利水电工程、工程管理、土木工程、机械工程及自动化专业《英语BI》测验作业答题页站名：安徽水院站专业：姓名学号成绩（告示：请各位同学一定要把姓名、学号和专业写清、写对，出现错误者作零分处理，特此告示）Part I Basic Knowledge1-5 ____________________ 6-10______________________11-15___________________ 16-20_____________________21-25___________________ 26-30_____________________Part II Reading Comprehension:31-35___________________ 36-40_____________________41-45___________________Part III Cloze46-50___________________ 51-55______________________Part IV Practical Capacity （二选一）Anwser:Writing: Requests For Leave河海大学函授2010级水利水电工程、工程管理、土木工程、机械工程及自动化专业《英语BI》测验作业站名：安徽水院站专业：姓名学号成绩（告示：请各位同学一定要把姓名、学号和专业写清、写对，出现错误者作零分处理，特此告示）Part I Basic Knowledge1.You should not ________ too much from him.a. exposeb. expectc. expressd. experience2.The novel ended happily, and the young couple were married in the ________.a. finalb. closingc. endd. conclusion3.The desert was regarded as _______ for settlement.a. uncertainb. unablec. unfitd. unlike4.I ______ watching this program because it is very interesting.a. amuseb. pleasec. delightd. enjoy5.Living here at the top of the mountain with no one else near you must be very _______.a. lonelyb. alonec. singled. sole6.It was a good game, and at the end the _______ was Argentina 3, Germany 2.a. accountb. markc. scored. record7.I didn’t know what to do but then an idea suddenly _______ to me.a. occurredb. happenedc. appearedd. lighted8.Is there anyone who _______ the plan put forward by the committee?a. differsb. disagreesc. objectsd. opposes9.Our public transportation system is not _______ for the needs of the people.a. completeb. adequatec. normald. perfect10.Tom and I are _______ seeing you, so don’t disappoint us!a. looking forb. looking forward toc. looking tod. looking after11.Smoking in bed ________ 1000 fires a year.a. burnsb. catchesc. keepsd. causes12.The United States _______ a population of over 200 million.a. possessesb. containsc. ownsd. has13.Solar cells have been developed primarily to _______ electric power for spacecraft.a. seekb. providec. applyd. ensure14.I don’t think I could ________ another night without sleep.a. put upb. endeavorc. standd. last15.Good ________! I hope you win the race.a. fortuneb. luckc. chanced. fate16.He is the most _______ singer in his country.a. publicb. popularc. populousd. referred17.He’s far _______ of the others in mathematics.a. advancedb. forwardc. progressived. ahead18.He stood waving until the train was out of ________.a. sceneb. sightc. lookd. reach19.What you say is, in a ________, true; but I should express it differently.a. senseb. meaningc. conceptd. significance20.The police took drastic ________ to crack down the criminals.a. waysb. methodsc. proceduresd. steps21.We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _________.a. out of workb. out of reachc. out of stockd. out of practice22.The teacher explained the lesson ______ to the students.a. at allb. at lengthc. at leisured. at large23.The neighbor’s windows _______ our garden.a. overhearb. overtakec. overlookd. oversee24.She did not study hard, so she had to take the _______.a. consequencesb. effectsc. sequencesd. outcome25._______ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.a. Eachb. Eitherc. Anyd. One26.Modern industry ________ in opportunities for young men with imagination.a. restsb. developsc. aboundsd. competes27.The coming of the railways in the 1830s ________ our society and economic life.a. transformedb. translatedc. transcendedd. transplanted28.Frankfurt, Germany, is one of the most _______ populated regions of Western Europe.a. denselyb. vastlyc. enormouslyd. largely29.While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded ________ the nurse Florence Nightingale.a. in place ofb. in honor ofc. in favor ofd. in line with30.I want to buy a new tie to _______ this brown suit.a. go intob. go afterc. go withd. go byPart II Reading ComprehensionQuestions 31 to 45 are based on the following passages:Passage IWe find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in steaming(把…按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both bright and not-so-bright children. After all, it can be very discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one of their total personalities. We are concerned to develop the ability of all our pupils into the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them opportunities to learn to co-operate, to share and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignment, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the libraries, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does no matter what age this child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.31.In this passage the author’s attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching” is _______.a. criticalb. questioningc. approvingd. objective32.By “held back” (Para. 1) the author means “_________”.a. made to remain in the same classesb. forced to study in the lower classesc. drawn to their studiesd. prevented from advancing33.The author argues that a teacher’s chief concern should be the development of the student’s _________.a. personal qualities and social skillsb. total personalityc. learning ability and communicative skillsd. intellectual ability34.Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?a. Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others.b. Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.c. Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers.d. Pupil also learn how to participate in teaching activities.35.The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ________.a. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright children in the same classb. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activitiesc. offer advice on the proper use of libraryd. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teachingpassage IIOne of the most important social developments that helped to make possible a shift in thinking about the role of public education was the effect of the baby boom of the 1950’s and 1960’s on the schools. In the 1920’s, but especially in the Depression conditions of the 1930’s, the United States experienced a declining birth rare—every thousand women aged fifteen to forty-four gave birth to about 118 live children in 1920, 89.2 in 1930, 75.8 in 1936, and 80 in 1940. With the growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed it young people married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the Depression. Birth rates rose to 102 per thousand in 1946, 106.2 in 1950, and 118 in 1955. Although economics was probably the most important determinant, it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. The increased value placed on the ideas of the family also helps to explain this rise in birth rate. The baby boomers began streaming into the first grade by the mid 1940’s and became a flood by 1950. The public school system suddenly found itself overtaxed. While the number of school children rose because of wartime and postwar conditions, these same conditions made the schools even less prepared to cope with the flood. The wartime economy meant that few new schools were built between 1940 and 1945. Moreover, during the war and the boom times that followed, large numbers of teachers left their profession for better-paying jobs elsewhere in the economy.Therefore in the 1950’s and 1960’s, the baby boom hit an antiquated and inadequate school system. Consequently, the “custodial rhetoric” of the 1930’s and early 1940’s no longer made sense that is, keeping youths aged sixteen and older out of the labor market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high priority for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children aged five to sixteen. With the baby boom, the focus of educators and of laymen interested in education inevitably turned toward the lower grades and back to basic acade-mic skills and discipline. The system no longer had muchinterest in offering nontraditional, new, and extra services to older youths.36 When did the Depression took place in the United States?A In the 1920’sB In the 1930’sC In the 1950’sD In the 1960’s37 Which year did the United States have the lowest birth rate in its history?A In 1936B In 1946C In 1950D In 195538 What does the Phrase “ baby boom “mean?A too many baby birthB too few baby birthC many baby birthD rare baby birth39 What situations were true for the postwar conditions Except ________A baby boom appearedB shortage of public shools and teachersC teachers could not find position in the labor marketD the focus of education turned toward the children40 What is the possible title of the passage?A Changing Roles of Public EducationB Baby Boom of PostwarC The Focus of School Education PostwarD Children Education of PostwarPassage IIII am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we would prefer to live in the country away from the dirt and noise of a large city. I have managed to convince myself that if it weren’t for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. But how realistic is the dream?Cities can be frightening places. The majority of the population live in massive tower blocks, noisy, dirty and impersonal. The sense of belonging to a community tends to disappear when you live fifteen floors up. All you can see from your window is sky, or other blocks of flats. Children become aggressive and nervous—cooped up at home all day, with nowhere to play; their mothers feel isolated from the rest of the world. Strangely enough, whereas in the past the inhabitants of one street all knew each other, nowadays people on the same floor in tower blocks don’t even say hello to each other.Country life, on the other hand, differs from this kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community generally binds the inhabitants of small villages together. People have the advantage of knowing that there is always someone to turn to when they need help. But country life has disadvantages too. While it is true that you may be among friends in a village, it is also true that you are from the exciting and important events that take place in cities. There’s little possibility of going to a new show or the latest movie. Shopping becomes a major problem, and for anything slightly out of the ordinary you have to go on an expedition to the nearest large town. The city-dweller who leaves for the country is often oppressed by a sense of unbearable stillness and quiet.What, then, is the answer? The country has the advantage of peace and quiet, but suffers from the disadvantage of being cut off; the city breeds a feeling of isolation, and constant noise batters the senses. But one of its main advantages is that you are at the centre of things; and that life doesn’t come to an end at half past nine at night. Some people have found (or rather bought) a compromise between the two: they have expressed their preference for the “quiet life” by leaving the suburbs and moving to villages within commuting distance of large cities. They generally have about as much sensitivity as the plastic flowers they leave behind—they are polluted with strange ideas about change and improvement which they force on to the unwilling original inhabitants of the villages.What then of my dreams of leaning on a cottage gate and murmuring “morning” to the locals as they pass by? I’m keen on the idea, but you see there’s my cat, Toby. I’m not at all sure that he would take to all that fresh air and exercise in the long grass. I mean, can you see him mixing with all those hearty males down the farm? No, he would rather have the electric imitation—coal fire any evening.41 From paragraph 1, we learned the author______.A prefer living in the large city to the countryB have a dream of living in a remote villageC managed to live in a small villageD convinced many city people that it is wise choice to go back to nature42 According to the author, the word “impersonal” means_____.A people have no sense of belonging to a communityB you can see from your window is sky, or other blocks of flats.C Children become aggressive and nervousD mothers feel isolated from the rest of the world.43 The benefit of country life lies in that _______A it is easy to find friends for helpB you are from the exciting and important events that take place in cities.C There’s more spare time to a new show or the latest movie.D The city-dweller enjoy a sense of unbearable stillness and quiet44 In paragraph 4 the phrase “being cut off” means______.A for the “quiet life”B in massive tower blocksC at the centre of things;D a feeling of isolation45 What does the cat ,Toby accustom to ?A fresh air and exercise in the long grassB mixing with all those hearty males down the farmC coal fire any evening.D leaning on a cottage gatePart III ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked a, b, c and d. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I.Cars are ( 46 ) important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if aperson is poor he doesn’t feel really poor when he has a car.Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large ( 47 ). He probably didn’t know how much the car was going to ( 48 ) American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today.There are three main reasons the car ( 49 ) so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The car provides ( 50 ) comfortable and cheapest form of all the means of transportation. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States has never really ( 51 ) an efficient and inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air service ( 52 ) by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently.The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is ( 53 ) really made cars popular. Americans don’t like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don’t like to have to ( 54 ) an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is ( 55 ) that Americans want most to have.46. a. the b. an c. a d. not47. a. number b. amount c. numbers d. members48. a. affects b. effect c. affected d. affect49. a. became b. started c. becomes d. grow50. a. the more b. better c. the most d. fastest51. a. developing b. developed c. development d. develop52. a. provided b. supply c. offer d. providing53. a. which b. that c. what d. where54. a. go b. act c. follow d. carry out55. a. freedom b. democracy c. the freedom d. the democracyPart IV Practical CapacityI Short AnswersDirections: Read the following passages and then answer the questions given.In primitive societies sick people had to rely on medicine men and witch doctors. (Some people still rely on them.) It was believed that a person was sick because he had been attacked by evil spirits. The witch doctor’s job was to drive off these spirits.His technique involved a combination of three methods, the first of which was religious. He chanted magic words and used good luck charms which he thought had power over the evil spirits that supposedly had entered the victim’s body. Secondly, he deliberately fed the patient mixtures, which were often filthy and disgusting, to make the evil spirits so uncomfortable that they would gladly run away and so enable the patient to get well.The third method was to give the patient medicines prepared from certain plants and herbs that were similar in shape or texture to the various organs of the body. From our point of view, this was the only method that had any value. Modern scientific study has shown that some of these remedies had real usefulness in curing sickness, or at least in relieving pain, but not for the reasons advanced by the witch doctor.1.What reasons the primitive people believed caused people sick?2. For what purpose disgusting mixtures were fed to the patient ? .3. According to the passage, the witch doctors functioned in curing some or all or no diseases?4.When primitive people were cured, it was actually a result of __________.II Situational communication:1A: That lecturer is really knowledgeable. I wish I could meet him.Your reply:2A: Haven’t we met somewhere?Your reply:3Your suggestion:A: It’ very nice of you to offer.4 There is something wrong with my bike, but I have to go for an appointment. What can I do?Your answer:Part IV WritingDirections: 假设因为工作原因你不能参加面授辅导，请用英语向面授老师请假。
