护理英语1

METS第一级模拟试卷医护英语水平考试(护理类)第一级Medical English Test System (METS)(For Nurses)Level 1I ListeningPart 1Questions l - 5●You will hear five patients describing their pain. .●Where does each patient have pain?●For questions l-5, write a letter A-H next to each patient.●You will hear each conversation twice.Example:0．TimThe patients Where is the pain?1．Bob A．In the head2．Judy B．In the stomach. 3．James C．In the hand.4．Brodzik D．In the back5．Eric E．In the throat.F．In the wrist.G．In the chestH．In the kneePart 2Questions 6 - 10●Listen to a dialogue between a ward nurse and a patient.●Are the sentences (6-10) "Right (A) or "Wrong: (B)?●For questions 6-10, tick (√) A or B.●You will hear the conversation twice.Example:0 The patient doesn't want to talk about his illness A Right ( ) B Wrong ( √)6. The patient enjoys his meals A Right ( ) B Wrong ( )7. The patient's pain is getting worse A Right ( ) B Wrong ( )8. The patient is having radiotherapy treatment. A Right ( ) B Wrong ( )9. The patient felt sick after the radiotherapy treatment. A Right ( ) B Wrong ( )10. The patient is going to have something to eat A Right ( ) B Wrong ( )Part 3Questions 11 - 15 ,●Listen to a dialogue between a nurse and a patient. They are talking about a blood test.●For questions 11-15, tick (√) A, B or C.●You will hear the conversation twice.11 How does the patient feel?A Tired.B EnergeticC Happy.12 How much blood is the nurse going lo take?A 3.9 millilitersB 4.2 millilitersC 5 milliliters13 The test result shows the patient suffers fromA anaemiaB HIVC sore throat.14 How is the shape of the patient's red cells?A Not good.B Irregular. C. Normal15 How is the patient's white blood cell count?A Very low.B A little highC Just below the average.Part 4Questions 16 - 20●You will hear a conversation between a nurse and a patient.●Listen to the conversation and complete the form. Write a number for each space(16-20).●You will hear the conversation twice.City General HospitalObservation ChartADMISSION OBSERVATIONSMr. BracknettDATE: 03/10/2010Wt ( 16 ) ____________________kgT ( 17 ) ____________________BP ( 18 ) ____________________/75P ( 19 ) ____________________O2 SATS ( 20 ) ____________________II Reading and WritingPart lQuestions l - 5●Look at the words in the box and read the descriptions below●Match the words to their descriptions.●Mark the correct letter A - H on your answer sheet.Example:0 This is a chair with wheels in which someone can sit and move aroundAnswer:1 They visit patients in their homes2 It is a pad of cotton used to soak up blood from the operation site3 It is a mechanical device which sucks up blood.4 Press or rub parts of the body to relieve pain5 He or she is a specialist in diseases of the heart and circulationPart 2Questions 6 -10●Look at the following notices (A - H) on the right.●Read the sentences on the left, and decide which sentence describes which notice.●Mark the correct letter A - H on your answer sheet.Example:O We want expert nurses.Answer:6 We help motorists in an emergency7 You don't pay for this8 You have to stay in your seat.9 You can't park your car here.10 You can get a walking stick here.A EB FC G.D H.Part 3Questions 11 -15Look at the following pictures.Read the sentences on the next page.Match each sentence to a picture.Mark the correct letter A - H on your answer sheet.A B C DE F G HExample:0 Put your head down and put out your tongueAnswer:11 Slide your hand down your side12 Keep your knee straight.13 Breathe in and out14 Push as hard as you can15 Follow my fingertip with your eyes.Part 4Questions 16 - 20●Complete the conversation between a nurse and a patient●What does the patient say to the nurse?●Mark the correct letter A - H on your answer sheet.Example:Nurse: Hello, Peter. What's the problem with you?Peter: 0Answer:Nurse: How long have you had the cough?Patient: 16 _________________Nurse: Do you smoke?Patient: 17 _________________Nurse: Do you cough up any phlegm?Patient: 18 _________________Nurse: What color is it?Patient: 19 _________________Nurse: Have you ever noticed any blood in it?Patient: No.Nurse: Any problems with your breathing?Patient: 20 _________________A YesB Of course, I will.C Oh, for years.D Usually yellow.E Are you sure?F I have to stop halfway up the stairs toget my breath back.G I used to smoke heavily, but I gave upa year ago.H I had a terrible cough.Part 5Questions 21 - 27●What do you do before blood transformation?●Choose the best word (A, B or C) for each space (21 - 27).●Mark the correct letter A, B or C on your answer sheet.Example:0 Check the patient's ________ at the bedside.A identityB weightC educationAnswer:21 Check the patient's surname, ________ name, sex, and date of birth.A familyB lastC first22 Check the patient's hospital number, ________ group, and donor number.A bloodB supportC working23 Check the________ date of the unit of blood.A startingB expiryC heavy24 Check the compatibility________ on the bag.A tableB testC label25 The unit of blood must comply with the prescription________.A chartB chargeC cost26 Record the unit ________ of the blood on the IV fluid prescription chartA lastB numberC stop27 Sign the Transfusion Record Form ________ blood transfusion is startedA ifB afterC beforePart 6Questions 28 - 35●Read the following passage.●Are sentences 28 - 35 0n the next page ‘Right’ or ‘Wrong’? If there is not enough informationto answer 'Right' or 'Wrong', choose 'Doesn't Say'.●For each sentence 28 - 35, mark one letter A - C on your answer sheet.Your Sense of TasteTaste is one of our five senses. The other four are hearing, sight, smell, and touch. We hear with our ears, we see with our eyes, we smell with our nose, and we feel things with our whole body. Our sense of taste depends mostly on our tongue.On the tongue, there are groups of tiny taste buds（味蕾）. Taste buds send information about food to the brain. We have a lot of taste buds, maybe even 10,000. People do not all have the same number of them. Women often have more taste buds than men.Because of our taste buds, foods like ice cream and bananas taste sweet. French fries, cheese, and ocean water taste salty. Lemons have a sour taste, and coffee is bitter. Most people know about these four main tastes: sweet, salty, sour, and bitter. But scientists now know about a fifth taste: umami. We can find it in some kinds of cheese, meat, and mushrooms. Umami is a Japanese word. It means something like "good-tasting."People can lose their sense of taste. For example, if you have a cold and cannot breathe through your nose, then it is hard to taste food. Different foods may all taste the same. This happens because there is a close relationship between our sense of taste and our sense of smell. Each sense affects the other.The temperature of food also affects its taste. Tastes are not as strong in very hot or very cold foods. For example, very cold, hard ice cream is not as sweet as not-so-cold, soft ice cream. Also, sometimes a food tastes good only at the right temperature. Consider your favorite cold drink. Does it still taste good when it is not cold? Many people love cold Coca-Cola but cannot stand it warm.ExampleO People have five senses: taste, hearing, sight, smell, and touchA RightB WrongC Doesn't Say Answer:28 We need our tongue to taste thingsA RightB WrongC Doesn't Say29 Taste buds send information about food to your stomachA RightB WrongC Doesn't Say30 Men have more taste buds than women.A RightB WrongC Doesn't Say31 Ice cream tastes sweeter than bananasA RightB WrongC Doesn't Say32 There are five tastes: sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami.A RightB WrongC Doesn't Say33 0ur sense of taste doesn't change.A RightB Wrong :C Doesn't Say34 The temperature of food can be important to how it tastes.A RightB WrongC Doesn't Say35 Many people love warm Coca-Cola.A RightB WrongC Doesn't SayPart 7Questions 36 - 45●Read the following passage about a district nurse.●Choose the best word (A, B or C) on the next page for each space.●For each space 36 - 45, mark one letter A - C on your answer sheet.A Day as a District NurseDistrict nurses are just one (0) ________ the types of nurses who work in the community, (36) ________ than in a hospital. As a district nurse, you may (37) ________ in many different locations around the community, but your time will be spent mainly in people's own homes.A typical day might start at 8:30 am (38) ________ you drive to a residential care home in your area. Your first task is to (39) ________ the blood of a resident with diabetes, and inject him (40) ________ insulin. You then treat another resident with a minor head injury, checking the wound for infection and (41) ________ the appropriate dressing. For your next visit, you drive to the home of an elderly, disabled woman with-asthma and mild hearing difficulties. You ask her (42) ________ she is feeling, check her breathing and pulse rate, and gently syringe her ears. When you (43) ________ the house, your patient is feeling comfortable, and pleased to be able to hear better than before your visitYour day (44) ________ as you visit other housebound patients, and carry out the necessary nursing activities. You enjoy working in the community, and providing vital care to vulnerable people, (45) ________ of whom would need to be in a care home or hospital if there were no district nurses0 A for B of C in Answer: B36 A rather B less C more37 A study B find C work38 A when B after C if39 A have B test C give40 A with B to C on41 A apply B applying C applied42 A that B where C how43 A leave B enter C visit44 A spends B continues C enjoys45 A some B any C everyPart 8Question 46. Read the following patient record.. Write a report on this patient based on these notes. . Write the report on your answer sheet.。

护理多采用WHO对健康的定义：“健康不仅是没有疾病或虚弱，它是一种生理、心理、社会适应的完全良好状态。

”Nurses agree the definition from WHO, that is “health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.疾病是健康连续过程的中断，通过机体各部分、器官和系统的异常和紊乱表现出来Disease is an interruption in the continuous process of health, manifested by abnormalities or disturbance in the structure and function of body parts, organs or systems.健康促进是一个促使更好的控制和改善其健康状况的过程，其主要目的在于挖掘健康潜力，维持身体的平衡。

Positive health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their own health, aimed primarily at improving health potential and maintaining health balance. 护理程序是组织护理活动的一种方法，包括脑力和体力的活动The nursing process is a method for organizing nursing actions involving both intellectual and physical activities.护理程度具有系统性，要求护士具备解决问题、批判性思维、决策制定的能力，以及识别病人健康状况的基本的护理知识。

常用护理术语专业英语词汇每行每业都有其专业术语，护理也一样，有许多专业英语词汇需要学习。

今天店铺为大家整理了常用护理术语，希望对你有帮助哦!常用护理术语assessment 估计nursing diagnosis 护理诊断planning 计划intervention (implementation, management) 措施(实施、管理) evaluation 评价Daily care of the patient 对病人的日常护理morning (evening) care, AM (HS) care 晨(晚)间护理bedmaking 整理床铺oral hygiene (mouth care) 口腔卫生brushing the teeth 刷牙flossing the teeth 清牙垢denture care 清洗假牙bathing 洗澡cleanliness and skin care 清洁与皮肤护理perineal care 洗会阴hair 梳头shaving 刮脸Care of nails and feet 指甲修剪和洗脚changing hospital gowns 更换住院服装massage 按摩bedsore care 褥疮护理taking oral (rectal, axillary) temperature量口腔(直肠、腋下)体温taking a radial pulse 测量桡动脉脉搏counting respirations 计呼吸次数measuring (taking) blood pressure 量血压cardiac catheterization 心导管插入术laryngeal catheterization喉插管术护理专业术语词汇retro-urethral catheterization 逆行导尿管插入术urethral catheterization 尿道导管插入术asepsis 无菌(法)integral asepsis 完全无菌disinfection 消毒concomitant (concurrent) disinfection 随时消毒，即时消毒steam disinfection 蒸汽消毒terminal disinfection 终末消毒disinfection by ultraviolet light 紫外线消毒Sterilization 灭菌，消毒chemical sterilization 化学灭菌法fractional sterilization 间歇灭菌法intermittent sterilization 间歇灭菌法mechanical sterilization 器械灭菌法oardiac decompression 心减压术cerebral decompression 脑减压术orbital decompression 眼眶减压术decompression of decompression 心包减压术gastro-intestinal decompression 胃肠减压术decompression of rectum 直肠减压术decompression of spinal cord 脊髓减压术peritoneal dialysis腹膜透析hemodialysis 血液透析aspiration (suction) drainage 吸引导液(引流)closed drainage 关闭引流法negative pressure drainage 负压吸引法open drainage 开放引流法postural drainage 体位引流法vaginal drainage 阴道引流法vesicocelomic drainage 膀胱腹腔引流barium enema钡灌肠blind enema肛管排气法contrast enema对比灌肠glycerin enema甘油灌肠high (low) enema 高(低)位灌肠magnesium sulfate enema 硫酸镁灌肠retention (non-retention) enema 保留(无保留)灌肠soapsuds enema 肥皂水灌肠turpentine enema 松节油灌肠Forced (forcible) feeding 强制喂养intubtaion (tube) feeding 管饲法nasal feeding 鼻饲法rectal feeding 直肠营养法applying hot compresses 热敷applying hot soaks 湿热敷护理专业常用英语词汇assisting the patient to take a sitz bath 帮病人坐浴applying hot water bottles 用热水瓶applying an ice bag (collar0 用冰袋applying cold compresses 冷敷giving a cold (an alcohol) sponge bath 冷水(酒精)擦浴I glucose infusion 葡萄糖液输注glucose-saline infusion 葡萄糖-盐水输注saline infusion 盐水输注Injection 注射endermic (intracutaneous) injection 皮内注射hypertonic saline injection 高渗盐水注射hypodermic injection 皮下注射intramuscular injection 肌内注射intraocular injection 眼球注射intrapleural injection 胸膜腔注射intrauterine injection 子宫内注射nasal injection 鼻内注射peritoneal injection 腹膜腔注射rectal injection 直肠注射subconjunctival injection 结膜下注射urethral injection 尿道注射vaginal injection 阴道注射Irrigation 冲洗vaginal irrigation 阴道冲洗bladder irrigation 膀胱冲洗continuous irrigation 连续冲洗法。

一. Receiving the patient（接待病人）do you do/ Good morning!您好！（初次见面时使用）/早上好！can I do for you/Can I help you？您需要我帮助吗？3．I’ll bring you to your bedside, please follow me. This is your bed..我要领您到床边去.请跟我来.这是您的床位.toilet is over there.卫生间在那边supply hot water. 我们供应热水wait a moment. I’ll let your doctor know. /I’ll inform your doctor.请等一会儿,我去通知医生.is the nurse /doctor in charge of you.玛丽是您的负责护士/医生let us know if you need any help. 您需要帮助时，请告诉我们.is not allowed here.这里不允许吸烟二.information collection(收集信息)you mind if I ask you a few questions 您介意我问您几个问题吗？need some information from you. 我们需要从您这儿收集一些信息.your tummy still sore 您的肚子还疼吗？your pain come on after or before meals 您的疼痛是在饭前还是饭后发作？it hurt to pass urine/when I press here 排尿时痛吗/ 当我按压这儿时痛吗？your back ache 您的后背痛吗？your feet swell您的脚肿了吗？you have a cough/fever 您咳嗽吗/ 您有发热吗？you bring up any sputum 您咳痰吗？there any radiation of the pain (to the shoulder)有放射（到肩部的）痛吗？long have you had the pain 您的痛有多长时间了？did the pain start/where is your pain 疼痛从什么时候开始的/什么地方疼痛？your periods regular 您的月经规则吗三．Physical examination（查体）you please undress for medical examination 请您脱下衣服做体检好吗？off your clothes, please. 请把衣服脱下来down on the couch, please./Just lie still on the couch and relax.请躺在治疗床上./ 请安静地躺在治疗床上,放松.your knees, please. 请屈膝.your mouth and say ‘ah” 张开口, 说: 啊deeply, please./take a deep breath, please.请深呼吸I examine your tummy, please 我要检查下您的肚子, 好吗？up your sleeves, please. 请卷起袖子.四．communication.(交流)am going to take your temperature./Please put the thermometer under your armpit.我要测一下您的体温/请把体温计放在您的腋下.me feel your pulse.让我测一下您的脉搏.’ll test/take your blood pressure. 我要测量您的血压.34. I’m afraid I have to prick your finger and take a drop of blood for blood sugar level.我要取一滴指血做血糖测定, 需要刺一下手指.’ll take some blood from your arm now. 现在我要从您的胳膊抽血.’t take any thing by mouth after midnight until the blood is drawn tomorrow morning .半夜之后不要吃喝任何东西，明天早上抽血.bring a specimen of your urine/stool/sputum./ please collect your mid-stream specimen of urine.请留一份尿/便/痰的标本/请收集您的中段尿.have your blood and urine tests done. 请做一下您的血和尿试验.are going to have a CT-scan of your chest/head today. 今天您要做一个胸部/头部CT.are going to have a chest X-ray this morning. 今天早上您要拍一个胸片.are going to have a B-mode ultrasonic exam. Please keep your bladder full.您要做B超检查,请留尿,使膀胱充盈.are going to have an gastric endoscopy tomorrow morning. please don’t eat or drink anything after 12 o’clock tonight.明天上午您要做胃镜检查，今晚12点之后，请不要吃喝任何东西。

临床本科英语1试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. Which of the following is not a symptom of the common cold?A. Sore throatB. CoughC. FeverD. Nausea2. The term "ischemia" refers to a deficiency of:A. Oxygen in tissuesB. Blood in arteriesC. Nutrients in cellsD. Calcium in bones3. In medical terminology, "acute" means:A. Severe and long-lastingB. Short in duration and severe in intensityC. Chronic or long-termD. Mild and not serious4. Which of the following is a contraindication for surgery?A. Age over 65B. High blood pressureC. Allergy to anesthesiaD. Previous successful surgery5. The "five rights" of safe medication administrationinclude the right drug, right dose, right route, right time,and:A. Right patientB. Right diagnosisC. Right documentationD. Right physician二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）6. The ________ system is responsible for processing and eliminating waste products from the body.7. A ________ is a healthcare professional who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditionsaffecting the heart and vascular system.8. The abbreviation "IM" in medical prescriptions stands for________.9. The ________ scale is used to measure the severity of pain, typically ranging from 0 to 10.10. A(n) ________ is a medical condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat which might lead tovarious health problems.三、阅读理解（每题2分，共10分）Read the following passage and answer the questions.Passage:Nurses play a critical role in the healthcare system. They provide care and support to patients, educate them abouttheir health conditions, and often act as the first point of contact for patients and their families. Nurses are also responsible for monitoring patients' health and reporting any changes to the doctors. Additionally, they are involved inthe administration of medications and treatments asprescribed by physicians.11. According to the passage, what is the role of nurses in the healthcare system?A. To provide care and support to patientsB. To educate patients about their health conditionsC. To monitor patients' healthD. All of the above12. Who are the nurses' first point of contact?A. DoctorsB. Patients and their familiesC. AdministratorsD. Other nurses13. What is one of the responsibilities of nurses mentioned in the passage?A. Administering medicationsB. Performing surgeriesC. Writing prescriptionsD. Diagnosing diseases14. What is the significance of the nurse's role in the healthcare system?A. They provide emotional support to patients.B. They ensure patients receive the correct medications and treatments.C. Both A and B.D. A, B, and also acting as a link between patients and doctors.15. What is not mentioned as a nurse's responsibility in the passage?A. Educating patientsB. Monitoring healthC. Performing diagnostic testsD. Administering treatments四、翻译题（每题5分，共20分）16. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文。

必修1Unit 1add up合计upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦ignore vt.不理睬；忽视calm vt. & vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的calm(…)down（使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来have got to不得不；必须concern vt.（使）担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注；（利害）关系be concerned about关心；挂念go through经历；经受set down记下；放下；登记a series of一连串的；一系列；一套outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外on purpose 故意in order to为了……at dusk在黄昏时刻face to face面对面地no longer/not…any longer不再……settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居；安排；解决suffer vt. & vi.遭受；忍受；经历suffer from遭受；患病recover vi. & vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得get/be tired of对……厌烦pack vi. & vt.捆扎；包装；打行李n.小包；包裹pack (sth) up将（东西）装箱打包get along with与……相处；进展fall in love相爱；爱上disagree vi.不同意join in参加；加入Unit 2because of因为；由于come up走近；上来；提出actually adv.实际上；事实上base vt.以……为根据n.基部；基地；基础at present现在；目前make use of利用；使用such as例如……；像这种的command n.& vt.命令；指令；掌握request n. & vt.请求；要求play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认straight adv. 直接；挺直adj.直的；笔直的；正直的Unit 3transport n.运送；运输vt.运输；运送prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物（而不选择其他事物）ever since从那以后persuade vt.说服；劝说graduate vi.毕业n.大学毕业生finally adv.最后；终于schedule n.时间表；进度表vt.为某事安排时间be fond of喜爱；喜欢organize vt.组织；成立care about关心；忧虑；惦念change one’s mind改变主意journey n.旅行；旅程make up one’s mind下决心；决定give in投降；屈服；让步attitude n.态度；看法as usual照常reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的at midnight在午夜Unit 4right away立刻；马上burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发as if 仿佛；好像ruin n.废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产in ruins严重受损；破败不堪injure vt.损害；伤害destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭shock vt. & vi.（使）震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊rescu e n. & vt.援救；营救trap vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境dig out掘出；发现bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏a (great) number of许多；大量的Unit 5quality n.质量；品质；性质active adj.积极的；活跃的devote vt.（与to连用）献身；专心于（南非城市）out of work失业vote vt. & vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决attack vt.进攻；攻击；抨击as a matter of fact事实上equa l adj.相等的；平等的in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中turn to求助于；致力于lose heart丧失勇气或信心escape vi.逃脱；逃走；泄露educate vt.教育；训练come to power 当权；上台beg vi.请求；乞求reward n.报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏set up设立;建立be sentenced to被判处……（徒刑）opinion n.意见；看法；主张必修2Unit 1survive vi.幸免；幸存；生还in search of寻找select vt.挑选；选择design n.设计；图案；构思vt.设计；计划；构思fancy adj.奇特的；异样的vt.想象；设想；爱好decorate v. 装饰；装修belong vi.属于；为……的一员belong to属于in return作为报答；回报at war处于交战状态remove vt.移动；搬开less than少于doubt n.怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不信worth prep.值得的；相当于……的价值n．价值；作用adj. [古]值钱的take apart拆开explode vi.爆炸sink vi. (sank, sunk; sunk, sunken)下沉；沉下think highly of 看重；器重Unit 2compete vi.比赛；竞争take part in参加；参与stand for代表；象征；表示admit vt. & vi.容许；承认；接纳as well也；又；还host vt.做东；主办；招待n.主人replace vt.取代；替换；代替charge vt. & vi.收费；控诉n.费用；主管in charge主管；看管advertise vt. & vi.做广告；登广告bargain vi.讨价还价；讲条件n.便宜货one after another陆续地；一个接一个地deserve vi. & vt.应受（报答或惩罚）；值得Unit 3solve vt.解决；解答from…on从……时起as a result结果so…that…如此……以致于……explore vt. & vi.探索；探测；探究anyhow adv. （也作anyway）无论如何；即使如此goal n.目标；目的；球门；（进球）得分human race人类signal vi. & vt.发信号n.信号type n.类型vt. & vi.打字in a way在某种程度上arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现；发生with the help of在……的帮助下electronic adj.电子的deal with处理；安排；对付watch over看守；监视Unit 4die out灭亡；逐渐消失hunt vt. & vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻in peace和平地；和睦地；安祥地in danger (of)在危险中；垂危in relief如释重负；松了口气burst into laughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来protect…from保护……不受……（危害）contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭pay attention to注意appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任employ vt.雇用；利用（时间、精力等）harm n. & vt.损害；危害bite vt. & vi. (bit, bitten)咬；叮；刺痛come into being形成；产生inspect vt.检查；视察according to按照；根据……所说so that以致于；结果Unit 5to be honest说实在地；实话说attach vt. & vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接attach…to认为有（重要性、意义）；附上；连接form vt.（使）组成；形成；构成earn vt.赚；挣得；获得perform vt. & vi.表演；履行；执行in cash用现金；有现钱play jokes on戏弄rely vi.依赖；依靠rely on依赖；依靠be/get familiar with熟悉；与……熟悉起来or so大约break up打碎；分裂；解体in addition另外；也sort out分类above all最重要；首先必修3Unit 1take place发生religious adj. 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的in memory of纪念；追念belief n. 信任；信心；信仰dress up盛装；打扮；装饰trick n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt. 欺骗；诈骗play a trick on搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑gain vt.获得；得到gather vt. & vi. & n. 搜集；集合；聚集award n.奖；奖品vt. 授予；判定admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕look forward to期望；期待；盼望day and night日夜；昼夜；整天as though好像have fun with玩得开心permission n.许可；允许turn up出现；到场keep one’s word守信用；履行诺言hold one’s breath屏息；屏气apologize vi. 道歉；辩白obvious adj. 明显的；显而易见的set off出发；动身；使爆炸remind vt.提醒；使想起remind … of …使……想起……Unit 2Diet n.日常饮食vi.节食balance vt.平衡；权衡n.天平；平衡fry vt. & vi.油煎；油炸ought v. aux. 应当；应该ought to应当；应该lose weight体重减轻；减肥raw adj.生的；未加工的get away with被放过；（做坏事）不受惩罚tell a lie说谎win … back赢回；重新获得strength n.强项；长处；力量consult vt.咨询；请教；商量earn one’s living谋生debt n.债；债务in debt欠债limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；限度benefit n.利益；好处vt. & vi.有益于；有助于；受益combine vt. & vi.（使）联合；（使）结合cut down削减；删节before long不久以后put on weight增加体重Unit 3bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出scene n.（戏剧）一场；现场；场面；景色permit vt. & vi.许可；允许；准许n.通行证；许可证；执照go ahead前进；（用于祈使句）可以；往下说by accident偶然；无意中；不小心stare vi.凝视；盯着看stare at盯着看；凝视spot vt.发现；认出n.斑点；污点；地点account vi. & vt.认为；说明；总计有n.说明；理由；计算；帐目account for导致；做出解释seek vt. & vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求contrary n.反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的on the contrary与此相反；正相反take a chance冒险in rags衣衫褴褛as for关于；至于Unit 4system n.系统；体系；制度theory n.学说；理论violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的in time 及时；终于unlike prep.不同；不像harmful adj.有害的lay eggs 下蛋exist vi.存在；生存give birth to产生；分娩in one’s turn轮到某人；接着prevent ... from阻止；制止puzzle n.谜；难题vt. & vi.（使）迷惑；（使）为难pull n. & vt.拉（力）；拖；牵引力cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋now that既然break out突发；爆发watch out密切注视；当心；提防Unit 5rather than 与其；不愿chat vi. & n.聊天；闲聊surround vt. & vi.包围；围绕measure vi. & vt.测量；衡量；判定n.计量制；计量单位；措施settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于manage to do设法做catch sight of看见；瞥见have a gift for对……有天赋within prep. 在……之内border n.边界；国界；边沿vt. & vi.与……接壤；接近mix vt. & vi.混合；调配mixture n.混合（物）；混合状态confirm vt.证实；证明；批准distance n.距离；远方in the distance在远处tradition n.传统；风俗impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记必修4Unit 1human being人类campaign n.运动；战役vi.作战；参加运动behave vt. & vi.举动；（举止或行为）表现shade n.荫；阴凉处vt.遮住光线move off离开；起程；出发observe vt.观察；观测；遵守respect vt. & n.尊敬；尊重；敬意argue vt. & vi.讨论；辩论；争论lead a … life 过着……的生活crowd n.人群；观众vt.挤满；使拥挤crowd in（想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海support n. & vt.支持；拥护look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考refer to查阅；参考；谈到by chance碰巧；凑巧come across（偶然）遇见；碰见intend vt.计划；打算deliver vt.递送；生（小孩儿）；接生；发表（演说等）carry on继续；坚持Unit 2struggle vt. & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力expand vt. & vi.使变大；伸展thanks to幸亏；由于；因为rid vt.摆脱；除去rid… of摆脱；除去be satisfied with对……感到满意would rather宁愿；宁可therefore adj.因为；所以；因而export vt. & vi.输出；出口regret vt.遗憾；惋惜n.遗憾；懊悔build up逐渐增强；建立；开发lead to导致；造成（后果）focus n.焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚集focus on集中（注意力、精力等）于reduce vt.减少；减缩keep … free from/of使……免受（影响；害等）；使……不含（有害物）comment n.评论；议论vi. & vt.表达意见；作出评论Unit 3up to now 直到现在content adj.满足的；满意的n.满足vt.使满足feel/be content with对……满足badly off穷的；缺少的entertain vt. & vi.使欢乐；款待overcome vt. & vi. (overcame,overcome)战胜；克服pick out挑出；辨别出cut off切断；断绝convince vt.使信服direct vt. & vi.导演；指示；指挥adj.直的；直接的；直率的star in担任主角；主演slide vt. & vi.（使）滑动；（使）滑行n.滑；滑动；幻灯片whisper n.耳语；低语vt. & vi.低语；小声说react vi.作出反应；回应Unit 4represent vt.代表；象征approach vt. & vi.接近；靠近；走近n.接近；方法；途径defend vt.保护；保卫defend against保卫……以免受likely adj.可能的be likely to很可能……；有希望……in general总的来说；通常ease n.安逸；舒适vt.减轻（痛苦；忧虑）at ease舒适；快活；自由自在lose face丢脸turn one’s back to背对；背弃Unit 5be famous for以……而闻名swing n.秋千；摇摆vt. & vi. (swung, swung) 摇摆；摆动no wonder难怪；不足为奇wherever pro n.无论在什么地方；各处preserve vt.保存；保留n.保护区be modeled after根据……模仿；仿造advance vt. & vi.前进；促进；提前in advance提前get close to接近come to life活跃起来必修5Unit 1put forward 提出conclude vt. & vi. 结束；推断出draw a conclusion 提出结论defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败attend vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光expose…to 使显露；暴露cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗challenge n. 挑战vt. 向……挑战suspect vt. 怀疑n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯blame vt. 责备；谴责n. 过失；责备pollute vt. 污染；弄脏handle n. 柄；把手vt. 处理；操纵link vt. & n. 连接；联系link…to… 将……和……联系或连接起来announce vt. 宣布；通知contribute vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助apart from 除……之外；此外（be）strict with…对……严格的make sense 讲得通；有意义spin vi. & vt. (使)旋转；纺（线或纱）reject vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃Unit 2consist vi. 组成；在于；一致consist of 由……组成divide…into 把……分成break away (from) 挣脱（束缚）；脱离to one’s credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下attract vt. 吸引；引起注意leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑plus prep. 加上；和adj. 加的；正的；零上的take the place of 代替break down (机器)损坏；破坏arrange vt. 筹备；安排；整理fold vt. 折叠；对折delight n. 快乐；高兴；喜悦vt. 使高兴；使欣喜Unit 3impression n. 印象；感想；印记take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续constant adj. 时常发生的；连续不断的guide n. 指导；向导；导游vt. 指引；指导lack vi. & vt. 缺乏；没有n. 缺乏；短缺的东西lose sight of… 看不见……sweep up 打扫；横扫slide into （快捷而悄声地）移动；溜进……optimistic adj. 乐观（主义）的speed up 加速desert n. 沙漠；荒原instant n. 瞬间；片刻adj. 立即的；立刻的settlement n. 定居；解决Unit 4delighted adj 快乐的；欣喜的assist vt. 帮助；协助；援助concentrate vt. 集中；聚集concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于acquire vt. 获得；取得；学到assess vt. 评估；评定inform vt. 告知；通知depend on 依靠；依赖accuse vt. 指责；谴责；控告accuse…of 因……指责或控告……so as to (do sth) 为了（做）……demand n. 需求；要求vt. 强烈要求ahead of 在……前面approve vt. 赞成；认可；批准process vt. 加工；处理n. 过程；程序；步骤Unit 5first aid （对伤患者的）急救fall ill 生病poison n. 毒药；毒害vt. 毒害；使中毒electric shock 触电；电休克swell vi. & vt. (swelled,swollen)（使）膨胀；隆起squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨squeeze out 榨出；挤出over and over again 反复；多次in place 在适当的位置；适当pour vt. & vi. 倒；灌；注；涌a number of 若干；许多put one’s hands on 找到treat vt. & vi. 治疗；对待；款待n. 款待；招待apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起（重要）作用选修六黑体Unit 1aim n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；(向某方向)努力typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配a great deal 大量attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图on the other hand (可是)另一方面predict vt. 预言；预告；预测specific adj. 确切的；特定的appeal vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助vt. 将……上诉n. 呼吁；恳求appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣Unit 2concrete adj. 具体的flexible adj. 灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的take it easy 轻松；不紧张；从容run out of 用完be made up of 由……构成in particular 尤其；特别eventually adv. 最后；终于transform vi. & vt. 转化；转换；改造变换appropriate adj. 适当的；正当的exchange n. 交换；交流；互换vt. & vi. 调换；交换sponsor n. 赞助人；主办者；倡议者vt. 发起；举办；倡议try out 测试；试验let out 发出；放走Unit 3abuse n. & vt. 滥用；虐待stress n. 压力；重音vt. 加压力于；使紧张ban vt. 禁止；取缔n. 禁令；谴责due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的due to 由于……automatic adj. 无意识的；自动的mental adj. 精神的；智力的effect n. 结果；效力strengthen vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强vi. 变强decide on 对……作出决定feel like (doing) 想要(做)……desperate adj. 绝望的，拼命的disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的in spite of 不顾；不管take risks (a risk) 冒险get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)at risk 处境危险；遭受危险awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的Unit 4come about 发生；造成subscribe to 同意；赞成；订购quantity n. 量；数量quantities of 大量的tend vi. 趋向；易于；照顾vt. 照顾；护理go up 上升；增长；升起result in 导致Oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj. 反对的；对立的be opposed to 反对……state vt. 陈述；说明range n. 种类；范围even if 即使keep on 继续glance vi. 看一下；扫视n. 一瞥steady adj. 平稳的；持续的；稳固的steadily adv. 平稳地；持续地tendency n. 倾向；趋势widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的on the whold 大体上；基本上average adj. 平均的on behalf of 代表……一方；作为……的代言人put up with 忍受；容忍so long as 只要an so on 等等circumstance n. 环境；情况Unit 5alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边prep. 在……旁边；沿着……的边appoint vt. 任命；委派wave n. 波浪；波涛vi. 波动；起伏；挥手absolute adj. 绝对的；完全的absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地suit n. 一套外衣；套装vt. 适合；使适宜make one’s way 前往potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的actual adj. 实在的；实际的shoot (shot, shot) vt. 射中；射伤anxious adj. 忧虑的；不安的anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望panic (panicked, panicked) vi. & vt. 惊慌n. 惊慌；恐慌glance through 匆匆看一遍vary from…to… 由……到……不等guarantee vt.保证；担保。

学术英语（医学）课后词组Unit 11.neuron overload 神经过载2.a typical office visit 典型的诊所就诊3.DEXA scan DEXA扫描4.medical practice 行医5.blood pressure control 血压控制6.health maintenance 健康保持7.mammogram report 乳房X线检查报告8.physical examination 体检9.side effect of a medication 药物的副作用10.perpetual panic 永久的恐慌11.practicing physicians 职业医生12.transplant field 移植领域13.medical budget 医疗预算14.paracetamol tablet 扑热息痛药片15.childproof cap 防孩子打开的盖子16.randomized clinical trial 随机临床试验17.random allocation 随机分配18.patient prognosis 病人的预后19.control group 对照组20.a 10-year follow-up study 10年的跟踪研究21.a medical ward 内科病房22.infectious hepatitis 传染性肝炎23.Severe malaise 身体严重不适24.bilirubin metabolism 胆红素代谢25.permanent liver damage 永久的肝损伤26.exacerbate pathophysiology 加重病理生理状况27.medical literature 医学文献28.clinical investigation 临床调查29.incidence of relapse 复发率30.clinical epidemiology 临床流行病学31.strict bed rest 严格的卧床休息32.hospital stay 住院33.recurrent jaundice 反复发作的黄疸34.clinical course 临床病程35.intravenous morphine 静脉注射吗啡36.diastolic blood pressure 舒张压37.brain perfusion 大脑血灌输38.primary care初级保健39.aorto-coronary arterial bypass主动脉冠状动脉旁路rmed treatment decision知情治疗决41.an international humanitarian group一个国际人道组织42.the Red Cross 红十字会43.the first major relief effort第一次重大援助工作44.casualty of war 战争中的人员伤亡45.emergency relief efforts 紧急援助Unit 21.re-emerging/re-emergent/resurgent disease(再现疾病)2.new flu strain新流感变种3.antibiotics and vaccine抗生素和疫苗4.infectious disease传染病5.emergent/emergent disease新现疾病6.prevention strategy预防策略7.bubonic plague腺鼠疫8.pathogenic microbes病原微生物9.public heath authority公共卫生机构10.drug resistance抗药性11.an course of antibiotic therapy抗生素治疗疗程12.scarlet fever猩红热13.the level of virulence毒性水平14.flu pandemic流感大流行15.surface antigen 表面抗原16.genetic shift基因改变17.neurological complications 神经性并发症18.waning of immunity免疫力减弱19.public health infrastructure公共卫生基础设施20.a malaria case一个疟疾病例21.swine flu猪流感22.tuberculosis bacillus结核杆菌23.the level of morbidity/incident发病率水平24.health professional保健专业人士tent tuberculosis潜伏结核病26.tuberculin skin test结核素皮试27.screening programmes筛查计划28.interferon gamma tests γ干扰素测试29.drug toxicity药物毒性30.an curable disease一种可治愈的病31,intractable infectious disease难治的传染病32.an unknown pathogen一种未知的病原体33.chronic gastric ulcer慢性胃溃疡34.exposure to carries of disease接触带病者35,genetic recombination基因重组36.agent of bioterrorism生物恐怖活动病原37.foodborne infections通过食物传播的传染病Unit 31.the surge of adrenaline 肾上腺素激增2.an internal medicine residency 内科实习期3.an autoimmune disease 自体免疫4.loss of stamina 丧失持久力5.transient weakness 短暂的虚弱6.becoming bedridden 卧床不起7.a building block基本构件8.an animal model 动物模型9.to slow neurodegeneration减缓神经退化10.to excrete toxins排除毒素11.to optimize nutrition 优化营养12.toxic load毒素载量13.the risk of relapse 复发危险14.physician self-experimentation医生自我实验15.a clinical trial 临床试验16.neuromuscular electrical stimulation 神经肌肉电刺激17.physical therapist 理疗师18.the impact of micronutrient 微量营养素的影响19.brain function 脑功能20.track the emotional flow 跟踪情绪波动21.coordination of emotions 情绪协调22.cardiovascular reactions 心血管反应23.feeling of rapport 亲密感觉24.rapid synchronization 迅速同步25.emotional contagion 情绪传染26.to mutually regulate 互相调节27.a psychobiological unit生物心理单元28.emotional solace 情感慰藉29.functional magnetic resonance imaging功能性磁共振30.to activate brain zones激活该脑部区域31.to make it mandatory使之成为强制性32.a dubious project 无把握的项目33.medical background 医学背景34.proof of concept 概念验证35.dose regimen 剂量方案plication or concomitant conditions并发症与合并症37.anti-tumor agents 抗肿瘤的药剂38.standard therapy标准疗法39.pharmacological properties 药理学特性40.poor solubility 溶解性差41.in vivo pharmacology 体内药理学Unit 4plementary medicine 补充医学2.alternative medicine 替代医学3.a medical paradigm 医疗模式4.acupuncture and herbs 针灸和草药5.adjunct treatment 辅助治疗6.nausea and vomiting 恶心，呕吐7.post-operative dental pain 术后牙痛8.clinical trials 临床试验9.physical therapy 物理疗法，理疗10.therapeutic modalities 治疗方法11.a therapeutic intervention治疗干预12.research design 研究设计13.magnetic resonance 磁共振14.positron emission tomography 正电子发射型计算机断层成像15.analgesia effect 止痛效果16.biomedical establishment 生物医学界17.rehabilitation unit康复中心18.licensed acupuncturist 持照针灸师19.therapeutic strategy治疗策略20.herbal formula草药配方21.a wide array of complications 各式各样的并发症22.integrative East-West medicine 中西医结合23.acute abdominal pain 急性腹痛24.to administer medicines 施药，用药25.surgical procedure 外科手术26.scientific evaluation 科学评估27.prevalence statistics患病率统计28.conventional therapies 传统疗法29.evidence-based models of care询证医学模式30.stress management 压力处理31.peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统32.physiologic mechanism生理机制33.mechanistic and reductionistic studies 机制和还原式研究34.cost-effectiveness research 效益研究35.clinical outcomes 临床结果36.preclinical and clinical studies 临床前及临床研究37.plausible mechanisms可能的机制38.manipulative therapies 推拿治疗39.homeopathic medicine 顺势疗法40.naturopathic medicine 自然疗法41.meditation and yoga冥想与瑜伽Unit 51.a health crisis 健康危机2.physical symptom 身体症状3.energy and vitality 能量和活力4.be completely immune from sth.对某事完全免疫5.virus of falseness 虚假的病毒6.stressful lifestyle 有压力的生活方式7.robust emotion 健全的感情8.fragile health 脆弱的健康9.to balance our mind ,body and spirit平衡心理、身体和精神10.spiritual life精神生活11.the blockage to wellness 通向身心健康的“路障”12.repressed emotions 被压抑的感情13.genuine feelings and emotion真情实感14.physiological influences 心理影响15.fully integrated human beings 十全十美的人16.decaying teeth 蛀牙17.nutrition professor 营养教授18.burgeoning waistline 迅速膨胀的腰围19.bottled water 瓶装水20.caloric intake 热量摄入21.to curb appetite 节制食欲22.grains and protein 谷物和蛋白质23.childhood obesity 儿童肥胖症24.lean protein 精益蛋白质25.dietary habits 饮食习惯26.quality of life 生活质量27.diary category 乳制品类28.prevention of diabetes糖尿病的预防29.sodium content 钠的含量Unit 61.nursing homes养老院2.hospice/end-of-life care临终关怀3.congestive heart failure充血性心衰4.available around-the-clock 24小时随叫随到5.coronary care unit冠心病监护室6.to respond to treatment对治疗有反应7.skilled nursing facility专业护理机构8.end-of-life/hospice care生命终末期护理fort care舒适护理10.hospital discharge planner出院计划专员11.symptom care症状护理12.palliative care姑息疗法13.fatal illness绝症14.chronic obstructive pulmonary disease慢性阻塞性肺病15.experimental treatments实验性治疗16.spiritual advisor精神顾问17.to discontinue all treatment终止所有治疗18.to go through dialysis经历透析19.a PAP smear巴氏涂片检查20.patient-doctor relationship医患关系21.to provide care-as-usual提供常规医护22.preventive examinations预防性检查23.off the beaten path离开熟路，另辟蹊径24.to mold into a shape塑形25.To renew a prescription照旧处方再开药26.in vitro fertilization体外受精27.basic biology基础生物学28.embryonic stem cell research胚胎干细胞研究29.to collaborate with an outside与圈外人合作30.a test-tube baby试管婴儿31.reproductive sciences生殖科学32.to administer hormone施用激素33.to isolate immature eggs 分离未成熟卵子34.empirical observations经验观察35.pioneering work首创研究36.a fibre-optic endoscope光导纤维内窥镜37.ethical guidelines伦理原则38.societal concern社会关注39.infertile couples不孕不育夫妇40.inherited disease遗传疾病41.cystic fibrosis囊泡性纤维症42.ethical dilemma伦理困境Unit 71.a nursing station 护士站2.life-support machines 生命维持系统fort measure 舒适护理措施4.to withdraw treatments 停止治疗5.paternalistic decision-making process 家长式决策程序6.patient empowerment 给病人授权7.medical ethicist 医学伦理学家8.ethical principle 伦理准则9.clinical ideal 临床理念10.patient-centered care 以病人为中心的护理11.patient autonomy 病人自主权12.treatment option 治疗选择13.exclusive purview 专属领域14.emergency decisions 紧急状况下做的决定15.physician restraint 对医生的限制16.anxiety and confusion 焦虑与困惑17.ethical transgression 违背伦理18.family practice 家庭医疗19.widespread metastases 广泛转移20.aggressive treatment 积极治疗21.primary lesion 原发病灶22.to recommend follow-up 建议随访23.electronic record 电子病历24.pulmonary emboli 肺栓塞puterized tomography 计算机断层扫描CT26.bilateral infiltrates 双侧浸润27.a chest X-ray X线胸片28.left lower-lobe pneumonia 左下肺叶肺炎bored breathing 呼吸困难30.the hospice team 临终关怀团队31.chronic illness 慢性病32.psychosocial aspects 社会心理学领域33.evidence-based guideline 循证临床指南34.to implement a plan of care 实施治疗方案Unit 81.human subject 人体研究对象2.biomedical research 生物医学研究3.accepted therapy 公认的治疗4.a formal protocol 正式方案5.the principle of beneficence 有利原则6.the principle of justice 公正原则7.autonomous agents 有自主能力的行为者8.diminished autonomy 自主性减弱9.be exposed to risk of harm 使……面临受害危险10.Hippocratic Oath 希波克拉底誓言11.fairness in distribution 分配的公正性rmed consent 知情同意13.fair procedure and outcomes 公正的程序和结果14.the operating table 手术台15.an ethical obligation 伦理责任16.a pediatric neurosurgeon 儿科神经外科医生17.to perform the surgery 做手术18.blood flow 血流19.intensive care 重症监护20.adoptive father 义父21.biological father 生父22.psychological needs 心理需要23.medical judgment 医学判断24.occupational therapy 职业疗法25.to contract meningitis 感染脑膜炎26.to die of an infection 死于感染27.blood vessel 血管28.imbalances in circulation 循环的不平衡29.the welfare of human research subjects 人类研究对象的安宁30.to approve or disapprove all research activities 批准或不批准所有的研究活动31.to review a protocol 审查一个研究计划32.at risk of civil or criminal liability 有民事或刑事责任的危险Unit 91.medical school curriculum 医学院课程2.the medical education community 医学教育界3.to meet the public’s expectation 达到公众的期待4.personal attribute 个人品质5.to place value on 看重6.clinical malady 临床疾患7.diagnostic errors 诊断错误8.classic manifestation 典型临床表现9.the civic mindedness of physicians 医生的民本意识10.polite chatter 礼貌的闲谈11.bedside manner 医生对患者的态度，临床举止12.to scan hospital directory 搜索医院名录13.a integral part 不可分割的一部分14.underserved communities 服务匮乏的社区15.primary care shortage 初级保健缺乏16.certification evaluations 证书评估17.to address the needs 应对需要18.the basics of anatomy 解剖基础知识19.a teaching hospital 教学医院20.an academic medical center 学术医学中心21.to affiliate with teaching hospitals 隶属于教学医院22.continuing medical education credits 继续医学教育学分Unit 101.medical coverage 医疗保险支付范围2.Medicare and Medicaid 医疗保险和医疗救助3.a single-payer system 单一支付者系统4.to subsidize the uncovered 补贴无保险的人5.to deliver value care 提供医疗6.duplicative tests 重复的检查7.a sustained study 长期的研究8.vision deficit 视力缺陷9.a transesophageal echocardiogram （TEE）经食管超声心动图10.an trial thrombus 心房血栓11.a massive embolic stroke 大面积栓塞型脑中风mon carotid artery 颈总动脉13.intracranial branches 颅内段14.middle cerebral artery syndrome 大脑中动脉综合征15.intracranial bleeding 颅内出血16.brain-stem herniation 脑干脱疝17.neurologic recovery 神经功能恢复18.mechanical ventilation 机械通气19.anticoagulant treatment 抗凝血治疗20.intravenous infusion 静脉输液21.an academic surgeon 学术型外科医生22.hospital administrator 医院管理者23.inbound ambulance 入院的救护车24.elective surgery 可做可不做的手术25.acute myocardial infarction 急性心肌梗死26.time-critical conditions 对治疗时间要求紧迫的疾病27.cardiac arrest 心搏停止28.traumatic injuries 外伤，创伤29.percutaneous coronary intervention 经皮冠状动脉介入术30.a multi-payer model 多家支付者模式31.universal insurance programs 全民保险计划32.for-profit insurance 以盈利为目的的保险33.pharmaceutical companies 制药公司34.home-brewed remedy 自创的治疗方法35.pay the bill out-of-pocket 自掏腰包付费。