倒装(表格)
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倒装英语中,根据主语与谓语相对顺序的不同有两种语序(Word Order)。
通常,句子的主语位于谓语动词之前,这种语序就被称作倒装语序(Inverted Order)。
倒装语序有两种:全部倒装(Full inversion),即将整个谓语置于主语之前;部分倒装(Partial inversion),即只将谓语的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)移置主语前面。
还有一种情况,句子的谓语顺序没有变,但句中某一成分提前了(通常是宾语、表语和状语)。
这种情况通常被称作前置(Fronting)。
例如:In one corner of the room stands a bookcase.(全部倒装)在房间的一个角落里有一个书橱。
Never before have I heard such a thing.(部分倒装)我从未听说过这样的事。
What lovely weather it is!(表语前置)多么好的天气啊?一般来说,英语中有两种情况需要使用倒装句。
一种是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装;另一种是由于修辞需要而进行的倒装。
在前一种情况下,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误。
在后一种情况下,倒装则是任意的,只会产生表达效果上的差异,前置情况大致也是如此。
语法倒装(Grammatical Inversion)1.一疑问句中的倒装。
例如:Is she favor of the plan or against it?她是赞成还是反对这个计划?How long have you been learning English?你学习英语有多长时间了?[注]若疑问句的疑问词提问的是主语,则仍用正常语序。
例如:Who beat Mary yesterday?昨天是谁打了玛丽?Which bike is yours?哪辆自行车是你的?2.(或+其他联系动词)的倒装。
例如:There are a lot of people in the hall.大厅里有很多人。
英语倒装句的概述和用法摘要英语倒装句是指将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序,用来强调或修饰句子的某些成分。
倒装句分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种类型,它们有各自的构成方式和使用场合。
本文将从以下几个方面介绍英语倒装句的概念、分类、结构和用法,并给出一些例句和练习题,帮助读者掌握英语倒装句的基本知识和技巧。
什么是英语倒装句英语的基本语序是主谓宾,即主语在谓语之前,宾语在谓语之后。
但有时为了强调或修饰句子的某些成分,或者使句子更加生动或优美,可以将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前,这种语序就叫做倒装语序。
使用倒装语序的句子就叫做倒装句。
例如:He is a teacher. (正常语序)A teacher he is. (完全倒装)He can speak three languages. (正常语序)Speak three languages he can. (部分倒装)英语倒装句的分类英语倒装句根据谓语是否完全置于主语之前,可以分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种类型。
完全倒装完全倒装是指将整个谓语放在主语之前,通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。
完全倒装常见的情况有以下几种:用于there be 句型,表示存在或出现。
There is a book on the desk. (桌上有一本书。
)There were many people in the park. (公园里有很多人。
)用于表示地点、时间、方向等的副词或介词短语置于句首,通常与be, come, go, lie, stand等动词连用。
Here comes the bus. (汽车来了。
)Down went the plane. (飞机坠落了。
)On the wall hangs a picture. (墙上挂着一幅画。
)用于表语置于句首,通常与be动词连用。
Happy are those who are contented. (知足者常乐。
倒装句种倒装条件例句完here,there, u p, down,in, out,off,aw ay, Outrushedthechi ldren.now,then 等副开的句子表示。
Nowcomesyourturn.全Unde rthetreest ood twotab les a nd four倒表示地址的介短作状位于句首。
chairs.装表,置于句首,或保持句子均衡。
Presentatthemeetingwere1,000stu dents.never,hardly,scarce ly,rarely,seldom,NeverdidIknowwhathadhappened.Notu ntilhefail eddidhereali zet heli ttle, n ot until , bynomean,innocase,mistake.in/undernocircumstances,innoway,onInnowaycanastudentcheatintheexam.nocondition,atnotime等表示否认意Noso onerhadhef allena sleep t han thep hone的副或短放于句首。
ra ng.only 和修的状放于句首。
Onlythendidherealizetheimpo rtanceofEn glish.部no tonly⋯butalso 接并列的句子,前No tonlydoesheknowFren ch,butalsoheis分倒后不倒。
expe rtatit.倒ne ither⋯nor⋯接并列的句子,前后都装NeitherdoIknowit,nordoIcareaboutit.倒装。
so⋯that,such⋯that中的so或suchSobusy shethathecannotgoonaholiday.及修的成分放于句首前倒后不倒。
as/th ough引的步状。
倒装全部倒转部分倒装ABC—CBA1.时间,方位词位于句首的全部倒装2.主系表的全部倒装,表系主3.so...that...结果状语从句的全部倒装表示时间(now, then), 方位词(there, here, behind, on the right of, in front of,up down等)位于句首,句子要全部倒装那时候,老师来了The teacher came then.Then came the teacher.现在轮到你了Your turn comes now.Now comes your turn.一辆车来了A car comes hereHere comes a car.公交车来了The bus comes hereHere comes the bus注意:如果主语是代词,则不能全部倒装他来了 He comes here Here he comes房子在树的右边.A house is on the right of the tree. On the right of the tree is a house.树在教室的前方.A tree is in front of the classroom. In front of the class room is a tree.The days when we went to school are gone.Gone are the days when we went to school together.Five expensive and exquisite tables are imported from America. Imported from America are five expensive and exquisite tables.倒装的目的:1.尾重原则2.强调表语She is beautiful 这句话太简单,不需要倒装她如此美丽,以至于每个人都喜欢她She is so beautiful that everyone likes her.So beautiful is she that everyone likes her.天气污染太严重了,以至于每个人出去的时候都会带一个口罩The air pollution is so serious that everyone would put on a mask when they go out. So serious is the air pollution that everyone would put on a mask when they go out.杭州如此美丽,以至于它吸引了很多游客Hangzhou is so beautiful that it attracts many tourists.So beautiful is Hangzhou that it attracts many tourists.他学习得如此努力,以至于考试成功了He worked so hard that he passed the exam.So hard he worked that he passed the exam.(错,不是主系表,不能倒装)总结:so... that... 结构中,只能是主系表才能倒装,so后面全部倒装,主系表变成表系主,that后面不倒装把助动词do/does/did/have/has/had, 情态动词can/could,be动词提前到主语前面1.only + 状语位于句首的倒装2.否定词位于句首的倒装A. never, little, hardlyB. by no means, under no circumstancesC. not untilD. no sooner ...than... scarcely... when... hardly... when...3.让步状语从句的倒装4.so do I 的倒装We can learn English well only in this way. Only in this way can we learn English well.We can become successful only by working hard. Only by working hard can we become successful. Only Tom knows how to do this.(不需要倒装,因为only后面不是状语)He became cautious only after the failure.Only after the failure did he become cautious.You can draw a conclusion only when you did the research. Only when you did the research can you draw a conclusion.I will never forgive you.Never will I forgive you.(否定词位于句首,情态动词提前到主语前面)I know little about English.Little do I know about English.(否定词位于句首,这句话没有情态动词和助动词,把添加的助动词提前到主语前面) I can hardly understand what the teacher said.Hardly can I understand what the teacher said.(否定词位于句首,情态动词提前到主语前面)He can by no means get there.By no means can he get there.She would under no circumstances cancel the trip. Under no circumstances would she cancel the trip.非倒装句not与until是分开的。
全部倒装全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。
常见的结构有:1. here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run.例如: 1) There goes the bell。
铃声渐渐消失了.2) Then came the chairman. 然后主席就来了3) Here is your letter。
这是你的信.2. 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词.例如:1) Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机下面发出了一颗导弹.2) Ahead sat an old woman。
注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装.例如:1) Here he comes。
他来了。
2) Away they went. 他们走了。
二部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。
如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
1。
句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until…等。
例如:1) Never have I seen such a performance。
我从来没看过这样的表演.2) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 你在哪儿都不会找到这个问题的答案.3) Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room。
注意:当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。