新概念英语第三册笔记

新概念英语第三册笔记Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory1of Ayia Irini. The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets. The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains3dating from the fifteenth century B.C. It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on herhips4. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful5indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. Newwords and expressions 生词和短语goddess(tile) n.女神archaeologist n.考古学家Aegean adj. 爱玲海的explore v.考察，勘探promontory n.海角prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的civilization n.文明storey n.楼层drainage n.排水worship n.祟拜sacred adj. 宗教的，神圣的fragment n.碎片remains n.遗物，遗迹，废墟classical adj. （希腊和罗马）古化的reconstruct v.修复rest v.倚放，放置hip2n.屁股，臀部full-length adj. （裙衣）拖地长的graceful adj. 优雅的identity n.身份参考译文不久之前，在爱琴海的基亚岛上，考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。

一个美国考古队在阿伊亚.依里尼海角的一座古城里考察了一座庙宇。

这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它曾享有高度的文明，房子一般有3层楼高，用石块修建。

里面房间很大，墙壁装饰华丽。

城里甚至还敷设了排水系统，因为在狭窄的街道底下发现了许许多多陶土制作的排水管道。

考古工作者考察的这座庙宇从公元前15世纪直到罗马时代一直是祭祀祈祷的场所。

在庙中最神圣的一间殿堂里发现了15尊陶雕像的碎片。

每一尊雕像代表一位女神，而且一度上过色。

其中有一尊雕像，她的躯体是在公元前15世纪的历史文物中发现的，而她那身异处的脑袋却碰巧是在公元前5世纪的文物中找到的。

她的脑袋一定是在古希腊罗马时代就为人所发现，并受到精心的保护。

却使在当时，它也属历史悠久的珍奇之物。

考古工作者把这些碎片重新拼装起来后，惊奇地发现那位女神原来是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。

她身高3英尺，双手叉腰。

身穿一条拖地长裙，尽管上了年纪，但体态确实优美。

不过，考古工作者至今未能确定这位女神的身份。

自学导读New words and expressions】生词和短语★goddess(tile) n.女神★archaeologist n.考古学家★Aegean adj. 爱玲海的★explore v.考察，勘探The archaeologists are exploring the cave. exploration n. explorer n. 探险家★promontory n.海角★prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的our finance is prosperous thriving 昌盛的，兴旺的booming蓬勃的，景气的flourishing繁茂的，健康的★civilization n.文明high level of civilization 高度文明civilize6v. ★storey n.楼层★drainage n.排水★worship n.祟拜respect;admire Who do you worship in the world? warship7n. 军舰战船★sacred adj. 宗教的，神圣的holy adj. 神圣的，圣洁的solemn adj. 庄严的，庄重的sacred music 圣乐sacred promise 神圣的诺言★fragment n.碎片★remains n.遗物，遗迹，废墟★classical adj. （希腊和罗马）古化的classical music 古典音乐classical education人文科学教育classic adj. 第一流的This is the classic example of love at the first sight. classic n. 杰作，经典之作★reconstruct v.修复re-重新，再次construct 构造，建造，组织build house 造建造物put up a tent construct a sentence construct a broken statuary erect8: build high buildings erect monument 建造纪念碑erect clock tower 建造钟楼setup; establish; found 建立setup students' union establish a school/rule found a country construction n. constructive9adj. 有教育意义的constructor n. ★rest v.倚放，放置★hip n.屁股，臀部hip n. [口]在服用兴奋剂、宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj.通晓的，见闻广的Mary is a real hip. The guy isn't a hip. joined at the hip表示交情极厚的Eg.: These two are joined at the hip. shoot from the hip 信口开河Eg.:Sorry,I said that I shouldn't have shot from the hip. ★full-length adj. （裙衣）拖地长的a full-length dress 拽地长裙★graceful adj. 优雅的 a graceful lady elegant(behavier) ★identity n.身份课文讲解】an interesting discovery : 强调discovery,体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出主动语态难以突出重点archaeologists made an interesting discovery 英文表达：事件、结果、影响、效果为主语、强调对客观事实的陈述An American team explored a temple which.... which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple which stands in an ancient city on... which = that; stand = lie,situate(vt.),locate(vt.) An American team explored a temple which is located/situated in... An American team explored a temple which lies in stand 表示高高坐落于，矗立于She stands 1.75m./A great tree stands on the mount. The city at one time must have been prosperous,for it... for 引导原因状语从句，对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息because 引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因Eg.:The day broke for the birds were singing. at one time 表达曾经，一度；过去时态的标志，oncemust have been 对过去事实肯定的推测enjoyed a high level of civilization 享有高度文明with... a young man with broad shoulders/an old lady with balck hair beautifully decorated 过去分词做定语 a beautifully dressed lady 衣着漂亮的女士/a deserted10carpark 废弃的停车场 a white painted door 被刷成白色的门现在分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系a boy climbing the tree/the students reading in the room The city was even equipped with...for ...were found be equipped with 配备，装备the car was equipped with air conditioning. for 引导原因状语从句beneath the narrow streets /under the narrow streets prep. beneath=under 正下方He is standing11under/beneath the umbrella under在进行中：under control 控制之中；under discussion讨论之中under repairs修理之中below 在下方，强调在斜下方She is sitting below the window The temple which.... be used as/be used to be把……用作为The box was used as a desk in the small village school. The wooden box was used as a bookcase The wooden box is used to contain books in the most sacred room of... Each of these represented...been painted. represent vt. 代表I represent all the classmates. The body of one statue was found... dating 现在分词，修饰remains the customs dating from 1990 The tradit ion dates from the time when his grandfather was young . The castle dates from the 14th century. The castle dates back to the 14th century. Its missing head happened to be among remains of... happen to 强调事情的偶然发生I happen to have driven that kind of car. He happened to find the ticket in his pocket. 句式：It happens that... It happened that I met her on my way to work. I happened to meet her on my way work. happen on 巧遇，偶然I happened on this old picture in the back of the drawer. Guess,who I happened on while I was in London last month? reconstruct: put together,piece together,restore amazed;very much surprised surprised;astonished;amazed;astounded12感到惊讶，语气递增astonished;much surprised;amazed; very much surprised 惊奇astounded 非常惊讶、惊奇、惊愕to find.../to discover.../to realize... I'm not surprised to see you here turn out 表示结果；prove turn out(to be)+ n./adj. The concert turned out to be a failure. Our party turned out (to be)a suxxess. It turned out that.... that 从句，或其他名词从句；it作形式主语It turned out that the diamonds had been in the bank all the time. It turned out that his statement was false. as it turns out Eg.: As it turned out,there was no need to worry. Eg.: As it turned out,the report was mistaken. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. rest on = depend on,lean on His hand rested lightly on my shoulder which swept the ground 近一步说明拖地的，拽地的despite＝in spite of + n./动名词It is still a problem for the archaeologists up to now. so far,up to now 完成时的标志discover her identity; find out her identity Special difficulties】happen(to),it happened that... Exercise练习Suppose that each of the following verbs were used to describe whathappened yesterday.What would be their correct form? Yesterday I…leave, lay, lie, choose, raise, rise, beat, bite, catch, hear, sing, think, show, run, lose, begin, fall, feel. Special difficulties难点Words often misused13and confused A Happen. Study these examples: Its missing head Happened to be among remains of the fifth century B. C. (By chance) (11. 12-13) I happened to find the ticket in my pocket. (By chance. ) It happened that I found the ticket in my pocket. (By chance. ) I couldn't find out what had happened. (What had taken place. ) B Storey and Story. Study these examples: Houses-often three storeys high-were built of stone. (11. 5-6) C Worship and Warship. Study these examples: The temple…was used as a place of worship(11. 9-10) The Arethusa used to be a warship Exercises练习A Complete the following making a sentence out of each: 1She happened ______ . 2It happened ______ . 3Tell me what ______ . 4If you happen ______ .B Use the words storey, story, worship, and warship in sentences of your own. Multiple choice questions多项选择题Choose the correct answers to the following questions. Comprehension理解1The interesting discovery made by the archaeologists was ______ . a．that the city had once been prosperous b．that the temple had been used as a place of worship c．they found the fifteen statues had been painted d．that they were not the first to have found the head of the goddess 2The city‘enjoyed a high level of civilization’. This is confirmed by thefact that ______ . a．some of the houses were built only one storey high b．a great number of fragments were found in the temple c．the city had been built on clay d．advanced techniques had been employed in building and decorating 3In seeking to establish the identity of the reconstructed statue, the archaeologists ______ . a．tried to determine which goddess it represented b．pieced together the fragments they found c．discovered that it was more modern than any of the other statues d．wondered whether it belonged to the fifth or the fifteenth century Structure结构4The city had once known ______ . (11. 4-5) a．a prosperity b．the prosperous c．the prosperity d．prosperity 5The temple ______ used as a place of worship since Roman times. (11. 9-10) a．was b．has not been c．had been d．was not 6They found ______ that the goddess turned out to be…(11. 14-15) a．surprisingly b．with surprise c．to their surprise d．a surprise 7______ being very old,she was very graceful. (11. 16-17) a．Although b．In spite of c．Even d．Even though 8So far, the archaeologists ______ to discover her identity. (1. 17) a．have been impossible b．have not been able c．cannot have been d．could not Vocabulary词汇9In the most ______ room of the temple…(1. 10) a．holy b．religious c．frightening d．colourful 10The head was carefully preserved. It was ______ . (1. 13) a．well done b．conserved15 c．maintained d．in good condition 11The goddess ______ to be a very modern-looking woman. (1. 15)a．appeared b．proved c．resolved d．changed 12But, ______ the archaeologists have been unable…(1. 17) a．beforehand b．until now c．for a long time d．at this distance 【Multiple choice questions】（1)...d... 'Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.' (2)...d... this is comfirmed by the fact that 引导同位语从句，补充说明fact的内容be employed in :被应用在...方面（3)...a... in doing sth.:在...方面(4)... know:知道，认识；经历过，曾经有过（＝experience) 文学用语，比experience更加正式（5)...b... since：自从主干的时态为现在完成时（6)...c... to one's surprise:使某人感到惊讶的是（在句中可做独立的状语，句子的主语不必是某个人）with surprise: 惊讶地（首先，必须与行为动词连用，其次，句子的主语必须是某个人）To my great disappointment the train had already left With satisfaction/delight/dismay He smoked his last cigarette with satisfaction. He went home with dismay. To our dismay the party proved to be a failure. Structure （7)...b... despite = in spite of (可以和名词、代词、动名词搭配）（8)...b... so far——现在完成时的标志如果用possible/impossible，要采用形势主语it ...it has been impossible for the archaeologists to discover her identity. Vocabulary (9)...a... 原文中用到sacred（宗教的，神圣的）religious:宗教的frightening:令人害怕的colourful: 丰富多彩的(10)...d... state well done 侧重强调做得好conserve14=keep from being wasted,damaged,lost,destroyed “不用尽或耗尽某物，保留”conserve your energy you needed. we mustconserve our forest maintain:通过修缮保养，不使...破损（强调动作的过程）“维修，保养”（11)...b... turn out=prove (12)... so far=>until now,up till now befroehand :(a)事先＝in advance at this distance (of/in time):时隔已久I can hardly remember him at this distance of time 1promontory n.海角；岬参考例句：Genius is a promontory jutting out of the infinite.天才是茫茫大地突出的岬角。