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小词不可忽视-冠词、介词、数词和代词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试) Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years. They may vary from place to place and time to time，but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people， __1. causing__ (cause) a far－reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives. The traditional Chinese marriage usually __2. involves__ (involve) some necessary procedures，such as match－making，engagement，meeting the bride，and three bows. __3. In__ addition，a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this—when a new couple is engaged， __4. what__ follows is a __5. choice__ (choose) of the date of their marriage.Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends __6. to attend__ (attend) the wedding. However，quite a few others，especially __7. those__ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. The wedding ceremony is usually hosted __8. warmly__ (warm) and the wedding ceremony very often ends with __9. a__ unique banquet. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a __10. healthy__ (health) baby and so on.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的婚俗习惯。
经常考查的并列句和三大从句提分单句训练Ⅰ. 单句填空❶(2018·北京东城区二模)Nobody can go back and start a new beginning， __but__ anyone can start now and make a new ending.解析：考查连词。
空格前的句意为“没有人可以回到过去重新开始”，空格后的句意为“谁都可以从现在开始做个新的结束”，所以前后句是转折的关系，故填but。
❷(2018·天津)Kae， __whose__ sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.解析：考查定语从句关系词。
句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。
我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。
分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister 的定语，故用关系代词whose。
练有小得：分析定语从句需抓住两点：1. 找准先行词；2. 看先行词在从句中所作的成分。
抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
❸(2018·合肥三模)The ninth day of the ninth month is the day that has two “yang” numbers，and “chong” in Chinese means double，which is __how__ the name “Chongyang” came into being.解析：考查名词性从句。
句意：这就是重阳这个名字如何形成的。
________ the name “Chongyang” came into being在句中作表语，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how引导宾语从句。
❹(2018·威海二模)As a local saying goes：“If you cannot find someone，he or she is either playing mahjong __or__ on the way to play mahjong. ”解析：考查连词。
动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点1 千变万化的谓语动词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·河南省豫北名校高三上学期质量评估) Lanzhou beef noodle is one of China’s most representative flour－made foods while pasta (意大利面食) is one famous Western fancy food. An event，“When Lanzhou beef noodle meets pasta” ， __1. connecting__ (connect) city food cultures，was held at the Beijing Ritz－Carlton Hotel on October 11，2017 to show the interaction.Lanzhou beef noodle has a history of 102 years and is known for its __2. tasty__ (taste) beef，soup and noodles. Lanzhou is also qualified as __3. the__ hometown of Chinese beef noodle. __4. As__ one major city along the ancient Silk Road，Lanzhou has witnessed the efforts of our ancestors and their achievements of developing the Silk Road，according to Zhang Hui，deputy director with the Publicity Department of the CPC Committee of Lanzhou.Lanzhou’s cooking culture __5. has developed__ (develop) its own time－honored characteristics over the years. The event will make Lanzhou beef noodle well－known not only across Lanzhou， __6. but__ across the world through the Belt and Road Initiative thanks to the __7. participation__ (participate) of the two countries’noodle masters. It will also improve cultural exchanges，Zhang added. Lanzhou people would like to work with friends at home and abroad __8. to promote__ (promote) the development of cooking and we __9. sincerely__ (sincere) hope more cultural exchanges of this kind __10. will be held__ (hold) in Italy and Lanzhou in the future.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。
动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点2 复杂多变的非谓语动词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·福州市八县市一中联考) China is in mourning after its most famous and oldest captive(被圈养的) panda Basi died __1. aged__ (age) thirtyseven. Basi was born in the wild in 1980. At the age of four，she fell into an icy river and was __2. fortunately__ (fortune) rescued by some local villagers __3. living__ (live) in Baoxing County in southwest China’s Province. The locals handed her over to the Strait Panda Research and Exchange Centre in Fuzhou，where she lived the rest of her life. Basi came to fame shortly __4. after__ she was chosen as the model for Pan Pan，the mascot of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing.Basi never bred(繁殖) but overcame several severe __5. illnesses__ (ill) to live for more than __6. twice__ (two) the 15－year life expectancy of wild pandas. Basi __7. was confirmed__ (confirm) to be the world’s oldest captive panda by Guinness World Records in August. Captive pandas tend to live __8. longer__ (long) due to better nutrition and living conditions. Word has come __9. that__ Basi’s body will be put in Basi Museum，which is __10. under__ construction at present for people to remember her forever and share the spirit of the harmonious development between humans and nature.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。
【2019-2020】高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第2讲语法填空素能强化真题题组1(2017·全国Ⅰ)1. as__ a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side __2. effectsFat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required __3. to process__ (process) the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt __4. are removed__ (remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something. As __5. a__ result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even __6. worse__ (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food __7. is__ (be) full of fat and salt；by __8. eating__ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However，be __9. careful__ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，__10. which__ is not good for the health.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。
小词不可忽视-冠词、介词、数词和代词Ⅰ. 单句填空❶(2018·龙岩二模)The local drama “Huiban” was popular in South China during the __eighteenth/18th__ (eighteen) century.解析：考查数词。
设空前是定冠词the，设空后是名词century，表在“几世纪”，应用序数词。
❷(2018·银川一中三模)Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors are produced in Hangzhou City，__the__ provincial capital of Zhejiang Province in East China.解析：考查冠词。
句意：张小泉剪刀产于杭州市。
杭州是华东浙江省的省会城市。
该处特指杭州是浙江省的省会城市，应用定冠词the。
❸(2018·龙岩二模)It is the most well－known Chinese opera form，recognized as “Oriental Opera” __with__ a long history of 160 years.解析：考查介词。
句意：它是最著名的中国戏剧形式，被认为是有着160年历史的东方戏剧。
表“有多长时间的历史”，应用with a history of. . . 。
❹(2017·石家庄考前模拟)Sugar paintings are made of melted brown or white sugar，with which craftsmen can paint __a__ variety of animals and flowers.解析：考查冠词。
设空与空后的variety of构成固定短语，a variety of，意为“各种各样的”。
❺(2018·黄冈二模)If we are not aware __of__ these differences，some unusual things might happen.解析：考查介词。
动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点2 复杂多变的非谓语动词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·福州市八县市一中联考) China is in mourning after its most famous and oldest captive(被圈养的) panda Basi died __1. aged__ (age) thirtyseven. Basi was born in the wild in 1980. At the age of four，she fell into an icy river and was __2. fortunately__ (fortune) rescued by some local villagers __3. living__ (live) in Baoxing County in southwest China’s Province. The locals handed her over to the Strait Panda Research and Exchange Centre in Fuzhou，where she lived the rest of her life. Basi came to fame shortly __4. after__ she was chosen as the model for Pan Pan，the mascot of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing.Basi never bred(繁殖) but overcame several severe __5. illnesses__ (ill) to live for more than __6. twice__ (two) the 15－year life expectancy of wild pandas. Basi __7. was confirmed__ (confirm) to be the world’s oldest captive panda by Guinness World Records in August. Captive pandas tend to live __8. longer__ (long) due to better nutrition and living conditions. Word has come __9. that__ Basi’s body will be put in Basi Museum，which is __10. under__ construction at present for people to remember her forever and share the spirit of the harmonious development between humans and nature.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。
中国年龄最大的圈养大熊猫巴斯在37岁时去世。
她曾在4岁时因落水被救，然后得到圈养；是1990年北京亚运会吉祥物盼盼的原型。
为了纪念巴斯，人们为她建起了博物馆。
❶解析：考查形容词。
该处指大熊猫巴斯在37岁时死亡。
分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作状语，故填aged。
❷解析：考查副词。
空处修饰动词rescued，故用副词形式。
❸解析：考查现在分词。
名词villagers和动词live之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
❹解析：考查连词。
根据该句“Basi came to fame shortly __4__ she was chosen as the model for Pan Pan，the mascot of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing”并结合语境可知用连词after。
❺解析：考查名词。
根据空前的形容词“severe”可知，该形容词修饰空处，故空处应用名词形式；再根据空前的“several”可知，空处应用名词复数形式。
❻解析：考查副词。
根据第一段第一句中的“panda Basi died __1__ (age) thirty－seven”可知，大熊猫巴斯在37岁去世；结合空后的“the 15－year life expectancy of wild pandas”可知，她的寿命是野生大熊猫预期寿命的两倍还长，故用twice。
❼解析：考查时态和语态。
通读全文可知，本文讲述了大熊猫巴斯生前的情况，故用一般过去时；该句主语是Basi ，和动词confirm 之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，表示“被确认”。
❽ 解析：考查比较级。
根据该句中的“better nutrition and living conditions”可知，由于有更好的营养和生活条件，圈养大熊猫的寿命更长。
故用比较级。
❾ 解析：考查同位语从句。
分析该句结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，抽象名词Word 和从句Basi ’s body will be put in Basi Museum 为同位关系，且从句意义与成分完整，故用that 引导该同位语从句。
○10 解析：考查固定搭配。
under construction 为固定搭配，意为“建造中”。
故填under 。
Ⅱ. 短文改错(2018·日照市高三联合检测)Dear Jack ，How is it going recently ？ I ’m delight to tell you that our school photograph club is going to hold a International Photograph Show. Here is some informations about it. Protect the environment is the theme of the show. It will start from June 15 in next month and last three weeks. Any student who is interested in it is welcome participate. I know you take good pictures but you ’ve always wanted to do something what interests you. This is certain a good chance for more people to see it. You can send your photos to intphotoshow @gm . school . com .Looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours ，Li Hua答案：Dear Jack ，How is it going recently? I ’m delight delightedto tell you that our school photograph club is going to hold a an International Photograph Show. Here is some informations information about it. Protect Protectingthe environment is the theme of the show. It will start from June 15 in next month and last three weeks. Any student who is interested in it is welcome ∧to participate. I know you take good pictures but and you ’ve always wanted to do something what that interests you. This is certain certainlya good chance for more people to see it them. You can send your photos to intphotoshow @gm . school . com . Looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours ，Li Hua❶ 解析：delight 改为delighted 。
考查形容词。
be delighted to do sth. 意为“很高兴做某事”。
形容词在此作表语。
❷ 解析：a 改为an 。
考查冠词。
根据其后的单词“International”的发音以元音音素开头可知，此处应用冠词an 。
❸解析：informations改为information。
考查名词。
information为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
❹解析：Protect改为Protecting。
考查动名词。
此处为动名词短语作主语。
动词原形不能作主语。
❺解析：删除in。
考查介词。
“next month”在句中作状语，其前不用介词，故删除in。
❻解析：welcome后加to。
考查不定式。
be welcome to do sth. 意为“欢迎做某事”。
❼解析：but改为and。
考查并列连词。
本句中两个分句是顺承关系，不是转折关系。
❽解析：what改为that。
考查定语从句。
分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为something，故只能用that引导该定语从句，that作从句的主语。
❾解析：certain改为certainly。
考查副词。
此处应用副词作状语。
10解析：it改为them。
考查代词。
此处代词代指上文提到的“pictures”，为复数，故用them。
○第二组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·浙江) Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese __1. dishes__ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners __2. who/that__ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap __3. it__ can be to eat out. I still remember __4. visiting__ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I __5. was shocked__ (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to __6. have become__ (become) common for many young people in recent years，it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money；eating out once or twice a week may be __7. affordable__ (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even __8. higher__ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in __9. weight__ (weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem，then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home __10. for__ dinner，get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。
