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专题五介词及介词短语高考精萃1．(2014·北京卷)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ________ half an hour. 2．(2014·天津卷)________ to the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.3．(2014·重庆卷)She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ________ the road. 4．(2014·福建卷)Our club is open to everyone regardless ________ age, sex or educational background. 5．(2014·浙江卷)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ________ .6．(2014·浙江卷)Facing up to your problems ________ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.7．(2014·陕西卷)The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.8．(2014·江西卷)It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth. 9．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)It was a real race ________ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it. 10．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)A serious study of physics is impossible ________ some knowledge of mathematics.11．(2013·北京卷)I have an appointment ________ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. 12．(2013·山东卷)The Smiths are praised ________ the way they bring up their children. 13．(2013·浙江卷)It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.__________the meanwhile, I'll set the table.14．(2013·福建卷)Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always ________the way whenever she tries to.15．(2013·辽宁卷)________behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. 16．(2013·江苏卷)I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. ________regard to the party on July 1st I shall be pleased to attend.17．(2013·湖北卷)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered________chance a long lost antique Greek vase.18．(2013·陕西卷)The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will________time.19．(2013·安徽卷)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library ________ a book about it.20．(2012·安徽卷)You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be________life.21．(2012·福建卷)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________the benefit of all its citizens.22．(2012·浙江卷)________all the animals I've ever had，these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.23．(2012·浙江卷)Brown said he was by no means annoyed; ________ the contrary, he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.24．(2012·陕西卷)An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ________ it.25．(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)This shop will be closed for repairs ________ further notice.26．(2011·北京卷)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color. 27．(2011·上海卷)Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ________ the tough years.28．(2011·天津卷)He was a good student and scored ________ average in most subjects. 29．(2011·重庆卷)Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read ________ the library. 30．(2011·安徽卷)Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek ________ food safety problems. 31．(2011·江苏卷)We'd better discuss everything________detail before we work out the plan. 32．(2011·浙江卷)I always wanted to do the job ________ which I'd been trained.33．(2011·湖北卷)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside in favor ________ younger men.34．(2010·江西卷)We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and ________ return, dogs give us their all.35．(2010·福建卷)More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ lack of space. 答案与解析1．in句意：简很着急，因为去飞机场的火车半小时后就发车了。
2021届高考二轮英语语法专训08.介词(短语)和动词短语重点一常考介词★★★★★1.表时间和方位的介词(1)在以下短语中，at用于表示时间段的名词前。
at dinner time 在(吃)晚饭时at weekends/the weekend 在周末(2)当时间名词前有this、that、last、next、every、each、some等词修饰时，通常不用任何介词。
this morning 今天上午last year 去年(3)“on＋名词或动名词”结构可以表示“一……就……”。
·On my arrival/arriving home, I discovered they had gone.我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。
2．其他介词1．(2019·浙江高考)The answer ________ this question is not clear.2．(2018·浙江高考)If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the nexttime you go to your mum's home ________ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.3．(2018·浙江高考)One cup of coffee ________ the late afternoon or evening will cause them to stay awake almost all night.4．(全国卷Ⅰ)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat their hands.重点二介词短语★★★★★1.at＋名词at a loss不知所措at dinner在吃晚餐at peace 处于和平状态at dawn 在黎明at war 在战争中at work 在工作2．其他高频介词短语against time 争分夺秒at the sight of 一看到……at the age of 在……岁时in (the) face of 面对；面临in addition (to) 另外；除了in case of 万一in charge of 负责；主管in favour of 赞成；支持in need of 需要in no time 立刻in a hurry 匆忙in preparation for 为……做准备in return for 作为回报of help/use 有帮助的/有用的of importance 重要的on behalf of 代表3．by＋名词by accident偶然地by chance偶然地by force 用暴力by hand 手工地by mistake 错误地by the month 按月算4．beyond＋名词beyond comparison无与伦比beyond control 失控beyond description 难以描述beyond doubt 毋庸置疑beyond expression 难以表达beyond (one's) reach 够不到5．in＋名词in bed在床上in danger处于危险中in debt 负债in difficulty 处于困难中in high spirits 情绪高昂in need 处于困难中in order 整齐；井然有序in surprise 吃惊地in trouble 在困难中in use 使用中6．on＋名词on a trip 在旅行on business出差on display/show 在展出on duty 在值班on holiday/vacation 在度假on sale 在出售on strike 在罢工on the way 在途中7．out of＋名词out of balance 失去平衡out of control失去控制out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过期out of order 出故障out of work 失业8．under＋名词under consideration 在考虑中under construction 在建造中under control 在控制之下under discussion 在讨论中under pressure 在压力下under repair 在修理中under treatment 在治疗中(单句填空)5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ________ work.6．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)After school she plans to take a year off to model full－time before going to university to get a degree ________ engineering or architecture.重点三动词短语★★★★★1.常考动词的固定结构和搭配(1)★★★用于“动词＋sb./sth.＋of＋sth.”结构的常见动词有：accuse 控告cheat 欺骗cure 治愈inform 通知remind 使想起rob 抢劫warn 警告rid 使摆脱suspect 怀疑persuade 说服convince 使信服·You need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.你要使他们相信你对这份工作的热情。
步骤四巩固兼提升，满分收囊中一、代词专练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2018·贵州黔东南州第一次联考)As early as the Warring States Period,in order to protect (they),kingdoms built walls around their territories(领土)．[解析]protect后面接反身代词，表示保护某人自己。
结合句意，应填themselves。
[答案]themselves2．(2018·山西45校第一次联考)Wouldn't be amazing to have this kind of self－confidence?[解析]后面的动词不定式短语to have this kind of self－confidence作句子中真正的主语，故前面需要用it作形式主语。
[答案]it3．(2018·安徽合肥第一次联考)Unlike those taxis,my vehicle does not run on petrol or diesel (柴油)or even gas,runs on my sweat.[解析]此处的it是替代词，替代了前面的my vehicle。
[答案]it4．(2018·湖南益阳、湘潭调研)Does your diet affect(you)mood?[解析]句意：“你的饮食会影响情绪吗？”由空处后的名词mood可知此处应填形容词性物主代词，根据句意可知此处应该是“你的”，故填your。
[答案]your5．(2018·黑龙江大庆四校联考)I started sounding more confident and realized that the more confident you sound,the moreseems that you know what you are doing.[解析]此处考查了句型It seems that...“看起来……”。
英语语法复习第六讲介词I、重点难点解析介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。
介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
介词短语在句中可作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
一介词从结构上分类一览表二主要介词区别1．表示时间的at，in，on：at表示片刻的时间，如：at 8 a.m. 常用词组有：at dawn, at noon，at night，at midnight，at the end of，at that time，at Christmas，at New Year等。
in表示一段的时间，如：in the morning/afternoon/evening，in October，in 1998，in the 21st century, in summer, in the past, in the future等。
on指特定的日子，时间：on Monday，on Christmas Eve, on May Day，on a warm morning, on September 12, on that day等。
2．表示时间的since和from：since “自从…以来”，常与现在完成时、现在完成进行时连用。
from “自…起”，一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。
如：I hope to do morning exercises from today.We have not seen each other since 1995．3．表示时间的in和after：in+时间段，一般用于将来时。
如：We' II be back in three days.after+时间段，一般用于过去时。
如：After two months he returned.注意：after+时间点,可用于过去时和将来时。
如：After seven the rain began to fall.What shall we do after graduation?4．表示方位的in，on，to：in表示“在…内”，Beijing is in the north of China.on指“与…接壤，在河/江畔”，Korea lies on the east of Chinato指在境外某方向，只强调方向Japan lies to the east of China．5．表示“在……上”的on和in：on只表示在某物的表面上，如：There is a book on the piece of paper.in表示占去某物一部分，如：There is an interesting article in the newspaper.He dug a hole in the wall.6．表示“穿过……”的through, over和across：through 指在内部穿过，across则指在表面上的横穿，over指在上方过去，跨越。
高考英语二轮复习语法专练（六）介词单句填空，用适当的介词填空（基础题）。
1.Emma is writing __________ a friend of hers.Emma is writing __________ a piece of paper.(3) Emma is writing __________ in blue ink.(4) Emma is writing __________ a piece of chalk on the blackboard.(5) Emma is writing a letter __________ an old man who can’t write.2.We all passed the exam __________ the end.(2) We had finished learning five books __________ the end of last term.(3) We will hold a party __________ the end of this term.3.(1) The apples __________ the tree are ripe.(2) The birds __________ the tree are singing merrily.(3) There is a map of China __________ the back wall.(4) There is a small hole __________ the wall.4.(1) China lies __________ the west of Japan.(2) Canada lies __________ the north of USA.(3) Canada lies __________ the north of North America.5.(1) __________ time passed, things seemed to get worse.(2) __________ time going by, he knows more and more.6.(1) Tony will leave for Korea __________ three days.(2) Tony went to Tokyo and returned __________ three days.(3) Tony will be back __________ 3 p.m.(4) Tony has lived in Toronto __________ three years ago.(5) It kept raining heavily __________ Monday __________ Wednesday.二、单句语法填空。
介词介词辨析1 【2014·安徽卷】 What we expect from you is working hard ________ hardly working. A．less than B．rather thanC．as well as D．as much as【答案】B 考查介词短语。
less than少于，不及；rather than而不是；as well as也，又，像……一样；as much as和……一样，差不多。
working hard和hardly working为完全相反的两个概念，显然前后为对照关系。
句意：我们期待你的是努力工作，而非很少工作。
故选B。
2【2014·北京卷】 Some animals carry seeds from one place to another，________ plants can spread to new places.A．so B．or C．for D．but【答案】A 考查连词。
本题前半部分讲“有些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方”，所以导致“植物传播”。
此为表示因果关系的并列句，故选A。
3【2014·北京卷】 Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ________ half an hour.A．by B．in C．for D．until【答案】B 考查介词。
表示某段时间后将发生某事，一般用介词in。
所以选B。
4 【2014·全国大纲卷】 September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.A. byB. forC. withD. in【答案】A 考查介词。
句意：9月30日是你必须付账单的最后期限。
此处by意为“截止到……日期”。
根据句意选A。
5【2014·福建卷】 Our club is open to everyone ________ age, sex or educational background.A．due to B．except for C．along with D．regardless of【答案】D 考查介词短语辨析。
句意：我们的俱乐部对每个人开放，不考虑年龄、性别和教育背景。
【be】 due to由于，因为，到……期限；except for除了；along with和，一起；regardless of无论，不管，不考虑。
根据句意可知选择D项。
6【2014·江苏卷】Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does pushupstoo to stay ________．A．in place B．in order C．in shape D．in fashion【答案】C 考查介词短语辨析。
句意：汤姆总是在早晨慢跑，并且他也经常做俯卧撑来保持体形。
in place在合适的位置上；in order按顺序，秩序井然； in shape在外形上，在形状上；in fashion流行。
根据语境可知C项正确。
7【2014·江苏卷】The idea “happiness”， ________， will not sit still for easy definition.A．to be rigid B．to be sure C．to be perfect D．to be fair【答案】B 考查介词短语辨析。
句意：幸福，明确说来，仍然不容易定义。
to be rigid 严格说来；to be sure明确说来；to be perfect完美说来；to be fair公平说来。
根据语境可知B项正确。
8【2014·江西卷】 Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. ________， it could just put you in debt.A. In other wordsB. All in allC. As a resultD. On the other hand【答案】D 考查介词短语辨析。
句意：开始你自己的事业是一种获得经济独立的方法。
可另一方面，它可能让你置于债务之中。
in other words换句话说；all in all总之；as a result 结果；on the other hand另一方面。
9 【2014·江西卷】 It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.A. withoutB. despiteC. inD. to【答案】B 考查介词。
句意：尽管Lucas先生有大量的财富，但是他过着简单的生活，这让人难以置信。
根据a simple life以及his great wealth可知此处表转折。
10【2014·山东卷】 I don't really like the author，________ I have to admit his books are very exciting.A．although B．unless C．until D．once【答案】A 考查连词。
句意：尽管我不得不承认他的书很令人兴奋，但是我真的不喜欢这个作者。
although尽管；unless除非；until直到……为止；once一旦。
根据句意可知选A项。
11【2014·陕西卷】 The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.A. byB. ofC. inD. with【答案】D 考查介词。
句意：在第五届汉语演讲比赛中，那位蓝眼睛的苏格兰女孩赢得了第一名。
所填词意思是“有”，用with，故选D。
12 【2014·天津卷】 ________ the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.A. In reply toB. In addition toC. In charge ofD. In place of【答案】 B 考查介词短语。
in reply to 答复；in addition to 除……之外，也，和；in charge of 负责；in place of代替，取代。
句意：除了学校，村庄还有一个诊所，也是在政府的资助下建起来的。
13【2014·浙江卷】 While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ________.A．in return B．in common C．in turn D．in place【答案】A 考查介词词组辨析。
句意：在村子里生活期间，詹姆斯非常无私地与村民们分享了他所有的一切，而无回报索求。
根据句意知，空格处表示“作为回报”，所以用in return。
in common共同；in turn反过来，反之；in place恰当，在适当位置。
故选A项。
14【2014·浙江卷】 Facing up to your problems ________ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.A．more than B．rather than C．along with D．or rather【答案】B 考查连词词组辨析。
句意：最好的解决问题的方法是面对你的问题，而不是逃避它们。
rather than而不是；more than不仅仅；along with 与……一起；or rather更确切地说。
故选B项。
15【2014·浙江卷】 People won't pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying ________ expression.A．from B．over C．with D．for【答案】D 考查介词辨析。
句意：当人们还有许多自己的想法需要表达的时候，他们是不会注意到你的。
根据句意知，此处cry for expression可以看作是固定表达，意为“哭着要……，急需……，要求……”，所以选D项。
16【2014·浙江卷】 There's no reason to be disappointed.________，this could be rather amusing.A．Above all B．As a result C．In addition D．As a matter of fact【答案】D 考查介词词组辨析。
句意：没有理由失望。
实际上，这似乎还很可笑。
as a matter of fact意为“事实上，实际上”，符合句意。
above all首要的是；as a result结果；in addition另外。
故选D项。
17 【2014·重庆卷】 She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ________ the road.A. onB. alongC. fromD. off【答案】D 考查介词的用法。
句意：她开车开得太快，以至于在拐弯处差点开下了公路。
此处off表示“离开，偏离”。
1．【2013·新课标卷Ⅰ】It was a real race________time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it.A．over B．by C．for D．against【解析】句意为：完成这项工程真的是在与时间赛跑。
幸运的是，我们成功了。
本题考查介词辨析。
over在……上面；by被，由，经由；for支持，赞成；against反对，违背。
【答案】 D2．【2013·新课标卷Ⅱ】A serious study of physics is impossible________some knowledge of mathematics.A．against B．before C．beyond D．without【解析】句意为：没有一定的数学知识，进行严肃的物理学研究是不可能的。
