2011年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛(C类)试卷及答案

2003年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题2003 National English Contest for College Students（Preliminary）Part I Listening Comprehension（30 minutes，30 points）Section A Dialogues（10 points）Directions：In this section ，you will hear 10 short dialogues．At the end of each dialogue，a question will be asked about what was said．Both the dialogue and the question will be read only once．After each question there will be a pause．during the pause，you must read the four choices marked A，B，C and D，and decide which is the best answer．Then m ark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center．1．A．A sales clerk．B．A police officer．C．A tailor．D．A nurse．2．A．By train．B．She walks．C．By car．D．By bus．3．A．Fish is the only dish left．B．Chicken is the only dish left．C．Vegetarian meals are not offered．D．There aren't any vegetarian meals left．4．A．He starts work next weekend．B．He'll be away．C．He'll be in the mountains．D．He's moving to Florida．5．A．In an elevator．B．At a dress store．C．On the seventh floor．D．At a department store．6．A．They felt it was disorganized．B．They were pleased with its Asian content．C．They felt it lacked Asian content．D．They felt it ignored recent events．7．A．He doesn't have enough time．B．He doesn't have a watch．C．The library doesn't have the articles he wants．D．He can't find the library．8．A．He wants the woman to dine out with them．B．He wants to work tomorrow．C．He wants the woman to finish dinner first．D．He wants to pay for the dinner．9．A．Twice a day．B．Twice a week．C．Once a week．D．Daily．10．A．At two o'clock．B．At four o'clock．C．At three thirty．D．At eight o'clock．Section B News Items（10 points）Directions：In this section，you will hear 10 pieces of short news from BBC or VOA．There will be a question following each piece of news．Write down the answer to each question in no more than 15 words．11．_______________________________________12．_______________________________________13．_______________________________________14．_______________________________________15．_______________________________________16．_______________________________________17．_______________________________________18．_______________________________________19．_______________________________________20．_______________________________________Section C Compound Dictation（10 points）Directions：In this section，you will hear a passage three times．When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea．Then listen to the passage again．When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 21 to 28 with the exact words you have just heard．For blanks numbered from 29 to 30，you are required to fill in the missing information．You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words．Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written and rewrite the correct answers on the Answer Sheet．Although general Motors and General Electric are large multinational companies with operations around the globe，there are numerous smaller companies that engage in international trade．Because 95percent of the world's population and two-thirds of its (21)_____ power are located outside the United States，it is important for American (22)_____to be present in foreign markets．However，before we explain the different methods by which a company may (23)_____in international trade，we might first consider some important (24)_____that U.S．companies often fail to study before they sell products in a foreign country．These factors are (25)_____with differences in language，in values and attitudes，and in political (26)_____．When (27)_____Coca-Cola into the Chinese market in 1920，the company used a group of Chinese symbols that，when spoken，sounded like Coca-Cola．However，when read，these symbols meant，“a female horse fattened with wax”．Upon reentering the Chinese market in the 1970s，Coca-Cola used a series of Chinese (28)_____that translates into“happiness in the mouth”．(29)_________________________．Culture is the total pattern of human behavior that is practiced by a particular group of people．(30)_________________________．Part II V ocabulary and Structure（15 minutes，30 points）Section A Multiple Choice（20 points）Directions：Questions 31-50 constitute a complete passage．There are 20blanks in the passage．For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．31．Senior Metropolitan police officers tried to dismiss the Noting Hill race riots which raged for five nights over the August bank holiday in 1958 as the work of“ruffians ，both colored and white”hell-bent on hooliganism ，according to _____ official files．A．recent revealed B．newly releasedC．previous disclosing D．earlier exposing32．But police eyewitness reports in the secret papers_____ that they were overwhelmingly the work of a white working class mob out to get the“niggers”．A．contain B．convinceC．consist D．confirm33．The ferocity of the Noting Hill“racial riots”，as the press called them at the time，shocked Britain into_____ for the first time that it was not above the kind of racial conflict then being played out in the American deep south．A．realizing B．witnessingC．watching D．identifying34．The carnival，which will_____ the streets of west London _____more than 1.5 million people this weekend，was started in 1959 as a direct response to the riots．A．crowd；of B．pour；forC．fill；with D．emerge；in35．While senior officers tried to play down the racial aspects of the riots，the internal Metropolitan police files released this month at the public record office confirm that the disturbances were overwhelmingly _____ by 300 to 400 strong“Keep Britain White”mobs ，many of them Teddy boys armed with iron bars ，butcher's knives and weighted leather belts，who went“nigger-hunting”among the West Indian residents of Noting Hill and Noting Dale．A．erupted B．commencedC．triggered D．inaugurated36．The first night left five black men _____ on the pavements of Noting Hill．A．lying unconscious B．there diedC．feel faint D．serious hurt37．The battles raged over the bank holiday weekend as the black _____responded in kind with counterattacks by large groups of“men of color”similarly armed．A．column B．armyC．brigade D．community38．Thomas Williams was stopped by the police as he came out of Bluey's Club on Talbot Road，Noting Hill．He _____a piece of iron down his left trouser leg，a petrol bomb in his right pocket and a razor blade in his inside breast pocket：“I have to protect myself，”he told the arresting officer．A．found to have B．was found to haveC．found having D．was found having39．The _____ files，which were sealed under the 75-year rule but have been released early，show that senior officers tried to convince the then home secretary，“Rab”Butler，that there was not a racial element to the rioting．A．forbidden B．confidentialC．incredible D．strict40．In his official report，Detective Sergeant M.Walters of the Notting Hill police said the national press had been wrong to portray the“widespread series of street disturbances”as“racial”riots：“Whereas there certainly was some _____ feeling between white and colored residents in this area，it is abundantly clear much of the trouble was caused by ruffians，both colored and white，who seized on this opportunity to indulge in hooliganism ．”A．ill B．sickC．painful D．hurt41．But the police witness statements and private statistics _____ ．A．told differently B．interpreted in a different wayC．existed m any differences D．told a different story42．The Met com missioner was told that _____ the 108people who were charged with offences ranging from grievous bodily harm to affray and riot and possessing offensive weapons，72 were white and 36 were “colored”．A．for B．fromC．of D．in43．It is popularly believed that the riot began on the night of Saturday，August 20，when a 400-strong crowd of white men，_____“Teds”，attacked houses occupied by West Indians．A．they are all B．many of themC．some were D．most of them belong to44．Among the _____ was Majbritt Morrison ，a young white Swedish bride of a Jamaican．A．offenders B．riotersC．victims D．residents45．She was pelted with stones，glass and wood，and _____ in the back with an iron bar as she tried to get home．A．bruised B．struckC．patted D．scratched46．The internal police witness statements provide graphic evidence of the motives of the mobs—at one point crowds several thousand strong roamed the streets of Notting Hill，_____ homes and attacking any West Indian they could find．A．plunging into B．breaking intoC．seeking for D．searching for47．PC Richard Bedford said he had seen a mob of 300 to 400 white people in Bramley Road _____：“We will kill all black bastards．Why don't you send them home？”A．shouting B．to cryC．utter D．announced48．PC Ian McQueen on the same night said he was told：“Mind your own _____，cops．Keep out of it．We will settle these niggers our way．We'll murder the bastards．”A．matters B．affairC．things D．business49．The disturbances continued night after night until they finally petered out on September 5．At the Old Bailey Judge Salmon later handed down exemplary _____ of four years each on nine white youths who had gone“nigger hunting”．A．decisions B．statementsC．trials D．sentences50．While those dealt with by the courts were overwhelmingly white ，the large number of black people also arrested and the official _____ there had not been a racial motive ensured a legacy of black mistrust of the Metropolitan police that has never really been eradicated．A．persistence B．perseveranceC．insistence D．instanceSection B Error Correction（10points）Directions：The following passage contains 9 errors．In each case only one word is involved．You should proofread the passage on the Answer Sheet and correct it in the following way：EXAMPLEOne night，quite late，I was still awake in the room I am shared with 1. ammy husband．I was lying on my right side and can hear a child crying． 2. couldGetting up，I went ∧see if our son was all right． 3. toHe was sleeping soundly，breathing deeply and gently． 4. √The ZipperWhatever did we do before the invention of the zipper？In 1893 the world's first zipper was produced in Chicago．Although the inventor claimed that it was a reliable fasteningfor clothing，this was not the case．The Chicago zipper sprang 51．______open without warning，or jammed shut，and it swiftly lostpopularity．Twenty years ago a Swedish-born engineer called 52．______Sundback solved the problem．He attached tiny cups to thebacks of the interlocked teeth，and this meant that the teeth 53．______could be enmeshed more firmly and reliably．At first zippers were made of metal．They were heavy，andif they got stuck it was difficult to free．Then came nylon 54．______zippers which were lighter and easier to use，and had smallerteeth．The fashion industry liked the new zippers far betterbecause they didn’t distort the line of the garment or weighing 55．______down light fabrics．They were also easier for the machiniststo fit into the garment．Meanwhile a new fastening agent made its appearance atthe end of the twenty century: velcro. Velcro is another product 56．______made from nylon．Nylon is a very tough synthetic fibre firstdeveloped in the 1930s，and bearing a name to mind the wearer 57．______of the two places where it was developed：NY for New York andLON for London．Velcro is made with very small nylon hooks onone side of the fastening which caught tiny looped whiskers on the 58．______other side of the fastening．It is strong and durable．Velcro is used on clothing，luggages and footwear．It is quick 59．______and easy to fasten and unfasten，and has taken a large part ofthe zipper's share of the market．It is also used in ways a zippercannot be used—for instance as an easily changed fastening onplaster casts，and to hold furnishing fabrics in a position．60．______Part III Situational Dialogues（5 minutes，10 points）Directions：Complete the following dialogues by choosing the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．61．Rob：Hey Jill，you're looking great．Jill：Thanks，Rob．____________Rob：Well，you did it．How？Jill：I jog every morning，and I go to aerobics every other day．A．I bought this dress yesterday．Really smart．B．You are looking fine too．C．I'm recovering my strength after the flu．D．My New Year's resolution was to get in shape．62．Bob：Hi Jane．How are you？Jane：____________I didn't sleep a wink last night．The people next door were making a lot of noise again till very late at night．A．I'm feeling a bit out of sorts this morning．B．Fine，thank you．And you？C．I slept like a log and didn't want to get out of bed．D．It seems a bit unusual，you know．63．Ann ：Aah！He's gorgeous！Look at those big，golden paws．When did you get him？Roger：Yesterday．____________Ann ：Oh，right．What kind is she？Roger：A Labrador．A．Susan's got a more beautiful one．B．What's up？C．It's a she actually．D．Isn't it right？64．Tina：Wow，look at all the things on sale．____________Andrew：Yes，look，this shirt is 50 ％off．Tina：And look at these shoes．They are 30 ％off the normal price．A．I'd like to buy a skirt．B．There are some real bargains．C．Are the prices reasonable？D．These shoes are the same as mine．65．Woman：Have you finished the packaging？Man ：____________Woman：Good．Because the truck will be coming soon，this is a rush job．A．Don't hurry m or I'll break the glass．B．Almost．I just have to wrap the glass and put it into boxes．C．No，I haven't．Why didn't you help me with it？D．Yes，I have．What else can I do for you？66．Customs Officer ：________________________Mrs．John son ：No，nothing at all．Customs Officer ：No perfume，alcohol or cigarettes？Mrs．John son ：Well，I have 200 cigarettes；that's all．A．Do you have anything in the bag，ma'am？B．Do you have anything to declare，ma'am？C．Do you want to buy something，ma'am？D．Is there anything I can do for you，ma'am？67．Linda：Hello．I'd like to send this package，please．Clerk：____________________________________Linda：First class．How long will that take？Clerk：About three days．A．How would you like to send it？B．Which class are you in？C．Where do you want to send it to？D．Which class is it in？68．Assistant：Can I help you？Colin ：Yes，it's about this sports shirt．I washed it the other day．The colour ran and it shrank．Assistant：Oh dear，I see．________________________Colin ：I'm afraid not．Assistant：I'm sorry，but I'm not allowed to change anything without a receipt．A．Did you buy it here？B．Would you want to change it？C．Do you have the receipt？D．Could you tell me who sold it to you？69．James：Could I have my bill，please？Can I pay by credit card or eurocheque？Receptionist：____________James：I'll pay by credit card，then．Receptionist：That's fine．I hope you enjoyed your stay here．A．Here's your bill．B．Sorry，we don't take credit card．C．You can pay by eurocheque．D．Yes，we take both．70．Husband：When is our anniversary？Wife：________________________Husband：No，it's just that I bought these flowers for you and I was hoping today was the day．A．Hmm ．．．I can't remember either．Why？B．Hey，are these flowers for me？C．Who cares？Do you want to give me a surprise？D．Are you joking？Have you really forgotten again？Part IV Reading Comprehension（25 minutes，40 points）Section A Multiple Choice（10 points）Directions：There is one reading passage in this part．The passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage：Taking a peep at what's going on in your headCARL Filer，18，a star salesman at a B＆Q hardware store in the UK，was called up for promotion within one week of starting work．But，instead of being made supervisor，he was sacked—after his employers saw the results of his psychometric test．You might think that anyone who answers that he“strongly disagrees he is an over-achiever is asking for trouble，but Mr Filer already thought he had proved himself more than capable．This year，nearly half of UK firms—46 percent—will use psychometric tests to select trainees，compared with just 17 percent in 2000，according to a report for GTI，a publisher of graduate career guides．These tests，which rate candidates’ability and gauge their personality，have been used in the UK since the 1980s．But assorted studies have shown most people—graduates in particular—are wholly cynical about the idea of their personality being“measured．“People tend to see them as either too silly or too clever， says Clive Fletcher，professor of occupational psychology at University of London．“But all the evidence indicates the tests do have some value．The first personality test as we know it，was developed by the American army in 1917 to filter outweak recruits．But it was not until the 1980s that the tests became popular in Britain．With a rising number of graduates going for a decreasing number of jobs，organizations began to see psychometric testing as a cheap，reliable alternative to the expensive，time-consuming interview．But today the tests are becoming alarmingly sophisticated and are edging towards probing the “dark side：pathology and personality disorders．Increasingly，tests are being used to try to detect promising young graduates who may，later in life，fly off the rails（go crazy）；or to stop psychopaths（having mental disorder）getting recruited．In the future，interviewees could even be given a mouth swab to reveal the genetic and biological markers of personality．“We are heading for the era of genetic screening，”warns Carolyn Jones，of the Institute for Employment Rights．“I think these tests are very flawed．And there are other problems with the tests．For starters，it is possible to fake it—even the test producers agree on this．But they have made it as hard as possible．For example，look at whether you agree or disagree with the following two statements：“New ideas come easily to me and“I find generating new concepts difficult．How long did it take you to realize they both could mean the same thing？The main argument，however，is that the tests are invalid and cannot quantify（put a numerical value on）something as changeable as personality．The golden rule is then，that a psychometric test should never be used as the sole basis of selection，but should always be followed by interviews．71．Most people's attitude towards the psychometric test is ______．A．contemptuous B．favorable C．tolerant D．confounded72．Which of the following is one of the reasons why psychometric testing wins an advantage over interviews？A．It doesn't cost any money．B．It requires no equipment．C．It is time-saving．D．It can be done within seconds．73．Which of the following statements is the author's idea？A．Psychometric tests are defective．B．Psychometric tests should not be the only way to recruit promising young graduates．C．Psychometric tests are invalid and cannot quantify something changeable as personality．D．Psychometric tests are golden rules．74．The test producers make the tests very complicated to ______．A．avoid cheating B．improve genetic screeningC．find out the best ideas D．generate new concepts75．Which of the following is not true according to the passage？A．The American army developed the first personality test to screen out weak recruits．B．In the future，interviewers could give a mouth swab to reveal interviewees’symptoms．C．There are possibilities for starters to cheat in the psychometric tests．D．Interviews still play an important role in evaluating interviewees．Section B Short Answer Questions（30 points）Directions：In this part there are 3 passages with 15 questions or incomplete statements．Read the passages carefully．Then answer the questions in the fewest possible words（not exceeding 10 words）．Remember to rewrite the answers on the Answer Sheet．Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage：The 8 Steps of Social Invention1．Get ready to play．Like other types of creativity，social inventiveness flourishes when you begin thinking outside conventional boundaries．Charlie Girsch，a St．Paul，Minnesota-based creativity consultant，suggests that you start by playing with obviously absurd explanations for everyday events．“If traffic is slow，you'll be tem pted to say，‘Hmm．Must be an accident up ahead．’Instead，try saying，‘Must be a family of turtles crossing the highway’or‘I expect there's some kind of alien abduction going on．’You'll be amazed how soon you will be looking at familiar problems in new ways．”Girsch's book，Fanning the Creative Spirit（Creativity Central，1999）has scores of other exercises for limbering up the inventive part of your brain．2．Generate a zillion far-fetched ideas．Concerned about the homeless in your neighborhood？Imagine a Homeless Parliament，a Homeless Circus，homeless families forming an orchestra，a homeless museum ．．．and on and on．Generate like mad with no regard for feasibility in order，as social invention pioneer Nicholas Albery advises，to“overcome e worthy-but-dull ideas．”Eventually the two or three best ideas will begin to stand out．3．Take your wildest idea and bring it down to earth．How about that Homeless Circus？Could it turn into a forum for homeless people to display their creative talents？A performance series about homelessness？A neighborhood carnival with the homeless as guests of honor？Your flakiest idea may have a germ of brilliance that actually makes it more attractive，and thus more feasible（and fundable），than its worthy-but-dull cousins．4．Look for in venations that solve more than one problem．The Slow Food Movement，born in Italy，boosts local farmers and regional cuisine traditions and restaurateurs and the same time that it“feeds”our hunger for authentic tastes，healthy eating，and a more leisurely，saner style of life．5．Accentuate the positive．“A very common question that I get when I work with people in communities is‘Why doesn't anybody care about our problems？’”notes M chael Patterson，a social inventor and activist in Massachusetts．“What a worthless question．‘Why’？questions are for philosophers．Ask ‘How’？and‘What’？questions—they are a lot more practical．”For instance，Patterson asks，“What would you do if you knew you couldn't fail？”6．Give it a rest．Walk away from your favorite idea for a while，forget about it，let it sleep．With your conscious mind out of the way，your subconscious gets to fiddle with the concept for a while，and you just might have an unexpected insight or breakthrough．7．Practice“yes and”in stead of“yes but”．No matter how tempted you are to say“Yes，but this will be hard because，”or“Yes，but a million other people are doing this，”shift the conjunction to“and”and see what sort of positive refinement or change emerges．“Yes，and we could concentrate on immigrants．”“Yes，and we can make it open to all ages．”8．Get your idea into the world．This is the tough part．You might seek out the help of activists who will take a shine to your ideas．Or become an organizer yourself．Paul Glove，a New York social inventor，coun-sels：“If you have an idea you believe in，write a pamphlet with your phone number on it and post it inLaundromats and bookstores．If three people call you，have lunch with them and call yourselves an organization．If five people call，meet with them and issue a press release．”Presto，you're launched．76．To generate far-fetched ideas helps to ______．77．Michael Patterson wants us to come up with“How”？and“What”？instead of“Why”？questions because he considers they are more practical than ______．78．The purpose to practice“yes and”instead of“yes but”is to make yourself more ______．79．According to the article，when one has difficulty developing his favorite idea，he should ______．80．One should not only generate far-fetched ideas but also ______ because the latter step is the nearest to reality．Questions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage：Thin Slice of TV Has Big MarketIt is too early to write an obituary for bulky picture tubes，which will remain the most affordable TV sets for years to come．But，analysts and industry executives insist that thin screens already have started to become the dominant format for TV sets in the digital era．Sharp price cuts have brought plasma sets and other thin，flat televisions out of high-end electronic boutiques and into thousands of mass-market outlets such as Cosco，a wholesale buying club in the US，best known for offering members bulk items and big discounts．The least expensive plasma sets still cost a hefty US ＄3，000or more ，yet sales are growing so rapidly that many manufacturers are racing to boost production．That increase，combined with expanding production capacity and improved technology，could push the price of plasma sets down by one-third next year，according to analyst Richard Doherty of Envisioneering Group，a US research firm．But manufacturers are not just competing with each other；they are also trying to fend off challenges from competing thin-screen technologies，such as liquid crystal displays（LCD）．The demand for thin screens is fuelled in part by the advent of DVDs and digital TV broadcasts，which offer more detailed pictures and more lifelike colors than conventional analog TV signals．To see the difference，consumers need a set that can pack more information onto the screen than their current TVs can．This sharpness is most vivid on screens that are 40inches diagonal or larger．At that size，however，traditional direct view and projection TVs are so bulky that many consumers have trouble finding a place for them at home．Hence the interest in thin screens—models slender and light enough to hang on a wall．The glass panels at the heart of plasma and LCD sets come mainly from about a dozen companies with factories in Japan，South Korea and，increasingly，China．About 800，000 plasma panels will be shipped this year around the world，analysts say．That is a tiny amount compared with the overall market for TVs，which was about 140 million sets last year．But，industry experts said 2003would be a“breakout year”or plasma because shipments should double．Helping drive the growth are new or expanded manufacturing facilities．For example，Japanese electronics giant NEC last year doubled the capacity of its Japanese factory—reaching 300，000to 400，000 plasma panels．And it plans to double it again in 2003，officials said．As competition has heated up during the last four years，prices have fallen more than 50 percent．According to“NPD Tec world”，the average price of a plasma display sold in the US dropped from US ＄12，700in January 1999 to US ＄6，100in October 2002．The best markets for plasma screens have been in Asia，and about half of the sets have gone to businesses instead of homes．LCD TVs carry a premium price—they can be 10 times as expensive as a comparable tube-driven television—that knocks them out of most buyers’budgets．But LCD panels are quickly taking over the market for computer monitors，and the tens of millions of panels being produced for that segment will help push down prices for LCD TVs，analysts predicted．Sharp Electronics，for one，is betting heavily on LCDs．Its chairman，Toshiaki Urushisako，has predicted that Sharp will switch completely from conventional tube sets to LCD TVs in Japan by 2005．Flat-panel refers to wafer-thin（3 inches or less）TVs，whereas flat-screen may actually describe traditional cathode-ray-tube sets（CRTs）whose glass front lacks the distorting curve that TVs have had for 50 years．Be aware of two things：One，flat-panel technology may not be high-definition TV；for eventual HDTV reception，some of these sets will require a separate HD tuner．Two，some flat-panel TVs are just the panel and lack speakers and sometimes a built-in tuner．Price range：US ＄700－2，000LCD vs plasmaIn general，LCD technology is used for smaller screens because of the enormous number of transistors needed to turn the glasslike liquid crystals into color images．The larger the display，the more transistors，the more chance of failed connections．A plasma screen is found in TV sets larger than 20 inches．Color is comparable to an LCD's．LCDs do not deteriorate over time，while a plasma display averages 30，000 hours（a traditional TV screen can go for 20，000），after which it fades over a period of years．Earlier problems with the quality of plasma's contrast have been addressed，and current screens are cleaner and better defined．Price range：US ＄600－2，800HDTVSimply put，high-definition TV is 10 times as sharp as traditional TV，and the sound is digital，like CD sound，not FM ，which is what traditional TV provides．HD technology achieves its visual clarity with more immage lines on the screen．Where analog TVs have 480 horizontal lines，HDTV has 720 or 1，080lines．Be aware ：m any HDTV sets being sold now are in fact only HDTV monitors ，offering a crisp picture ．To receive genuine high-definition television signals，owners must buy a separate HDTV receiver．Price range：US ＄1，000－6，000LOS ANGELEST IMES81．According to the article，TV sets with _____will still be the most popular in the coming years．82．The factors that stimulate the thin screens to be more and more popular include _____，_____，and_____．83．The rapidly expanding market for LCD panels and their large-scale production will help lower _____．。

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2011 National English Contest for College students(Level C—Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks）Section A（5 marks）In this section， you will hear five short conversations。

Each conversations will be read only once。

At the end of each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause, read the question and the there choices marked A,B and C ，and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre。

1.What does the man want to do?A.Get something to eat now.B.Find a quiet place that shows games.C.Watch the next game with the woman。

2003-2011年全国大学生英语竞赛试题2011 National English Contest for College students(Level C-Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversations will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause, read the question and the there choices marked A,B and C ,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.What does the man want to do?A.Get something to eat now.B.Find a quiet place that shows games.C.Watch the next game with the woman.2.Why does not the man have a MySpace account?A.He is not skilled at using computer.B.All of the instruction are in EnglishC.The woman won not teach him.3.How long does the woman plan to try teleworkingA.For a few days.B.For a few weeks.C.For a few months.4.What does the man hope will happen?A.The price of cell phone novels will go down.B.The novel’s author will writer longer stories.C.The woman will tell him ho the story ends.5.what is the woman going to do next?A.turn on her computer.B.Go for a walk with peter.C.Visit her new neighbors.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end each conversation, there will be a one minute pause. During the pause, read the questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre. Conversation one6.What did Jack do over the summer?A.He studied very hard.B.He took a summer class.C.He visited one of his teachers.7.What does Jack think of Ms Wellington as a teacher?A.Easy-going.B.Tough.C.Interesting.8.Why is Ms Wellington’s class hard?A.Her exams are difficult.B.She does not give students the help they need.C.She makes do lots of work.Conversation two9.Why is Mrs. Griffin going to the city where the hotel is located?A.He is on holiday.B.He’s on a business tripC.He is going to a conference.10. How many times has Mrs. Griffin stayed at the Sunrise Hotel?A. Twice.B. Once.C. Three times.11. Where is Mrs. Griffin form?A. Canada.B. New Zealand.C. Australia.12. What is Mrs. Griffin’s passport number?A.87647489B.87637289C.8763748913. What kind of room does Mrs. Griffin want?A. A single room for two nights.B. A double room for two nights.C. A single room for one night.14. When will Mrs. Griffin arrive at Sunrise Hotel?A. at 9:15 pmB. at 9:35 pmC. at 10:00 pm15. What food will be put into Mrs. Griffin’s room?A. a sandwich with fries.B. a cheese sandwich.C. a burger with chips.Section C (5Marks)16. What does the Associated Press ask editor and news directors to do?A. vote for the top stories of the year.B. describe the oil spill in the Gulf of MexicoC. writes about the 11 workers killed in the explosion17. Where are the doctors and technology experts from?A. New Y ork.B. LondonC. Tokyo18. For how long does President Obama agree to extend the tax cuts?A. for four yearsB. for three yearsC. for two years.19. How many people in the world don’t have enough to eat,according to the report?A. more than one billion.B. some six hundred million.C. nearly nine hundred million20. What have astronomers recently discovered?A. there are unknown plants in older galaxies.B. there are many galaxies in the universeC. there are a lot more red dwarf in older galaxiesSection D (10 marks)In the section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. Remember to write the answer on the answer sheetWhat do you do if you don’t get your first choice university? This ____ faces thousands of British every year. Many such_____ turn to Clearing, a service that helps find university places for students at the last moment. If they don’t have the marks to get into their____, Clearing tells them about places available at other university, though they might have to read a difficult subject.This year has seen a record number of people applying to university. This, combined with the _____________________,an uncertain job market, and budget cuts at university, product even more of a scramble for places than usual. Some sources say six students have applied for each remaining___________________________ placeThe British University Admissions Service, UCAS, says up to a quarter of this year’s university applicants-almost 190000 people-have not been admitted intoa____________________________. That is an increase of over 46000 students from last year.Faced with these figure, some British students might consider an interesting alternative:_____________________________. The University of Nottingham for is offering place at its campuses in Ningbo, near Shanghai, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Students at these institutions can earn University of Nottingham degrees, according, engineering and English. Similarly, the University of Bolton says it has unlimited places at its campus in the United Arab Emirates.To deal with these problems, the UK’s Higher Education Minister, David Willet’s, isencouraging students who have not made the grade to consider alternatives to university, such as _______________________and studying at home.“There are arrange of options available, “he says. “people can reapply next year, so they should consider spending this year in a way that will add positively to their CVs. Getting_____________________or other skills will strengthen their chances next year.” Some commentators say, though that rising university costs, poor long-term_______________________, and a drop in graduate recruitment mean this the worst time to be a university student in the UK.Part Two V ocabulary and Structure (15 marks )There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.31.After four days of talks, we are glad to announce that the union and management have reached an______. The agreement is fair and benefits both sides.A.accordB. accomplishmentC. identityD. undertaking32.As the clerk______prepared my milk shake, I wondered how long she had been working there ,mindlessly making ice cream treats in a set order of steps.A.logicallyB. methodicallyC. graphicallyD. synthetically33. As a boy he wanted to be a fireman. As a high school student, he thought he'd like to become a teacher. Now he______to be nothing more than a janitor.A.AssumesB. PrescribesC. AspiresD. Presumes34. Regardless of what caused it, I an grateful that have finally reached a point in my life_______I can appreciate my strengths, accept my weaknesses and try to be comfortable with everything in between.A.WhyB. WhereC. WhichD. What35. ______information provided by members of the public, the police would have a much move difficult job.A.SupposingB. Provided theC. If it were not forD. On condition that36.Peter Brown was a painstaking writer;______, he once spent half a day on the composition ofa single sentence.A.On the other handB. NeverthelessC. MoreoverD. For example37.----What an I going to do about a present for Carol?----Y ou______some flowers.A.Might have sent herB. Must have sent herC. Could send herD. Would send her38.Without the air holding in some of the sun's heat, the earth______cold at night, too cold for us to live on.A.Will be freezingB. Would be freezingC. An be frozenD. Would be frozen39.The students in our university each______an English dictionary. That is to say, each of the students in our university______an English dictionary.A.Have; hasB. Have; haveC. Has; haveD. Has; has40.Here's your kitchen. I hope you enjoy cooking here. Is there______else that you need?A.SomethingB. AnythingC. NothingD. Everything41.David______his business partner over plans to reduce the workforce.A.Came down toB. Broke down toC. Fell out withD. Went along with42.______is this piece of equipment to be removed from the building.A.On no accountB. AbsolutelyC. ScarcelyD. Not at all43.Helen' s parents were______that she was still on the job., but she had resigned.A.In doubtB. Of the opinionC. Under the impressionD. With suspicion44.----I don't think I will ever, in my life, win a lottery of five million dollars.----Well, ______. Anything can happen.A.Y ou made itB. Y ou're kiddingC. What you sayD. Y ou can never tell45.-----How did you find the concert in the Grand Theatre last night?-----______ but the conductor was perfect.A.I couldn't agree moreB. I didn't think much of itC. I was crazy about itD. I really liked itPart Three Cloze(15 marks )I have been reading a lot on my iPad recently, and I have some (46)_____ (complain) not about the iPad itself but about the state of digital reading generally. Reading is a subtle thing, and its subtleties are artifacts of a venerable medium: words printed in ink on paper. Glass and pixels aren't the same.When I read a physical book, I don't have to look anywhere else to find out how much I've read. The iPad e---reader, iBooks tries to create the (47) illu_____ of a physical book. The pages seem to turn, and I can the edges of those that remain, but it's fake. There are always exactly six unturned pages, no matter (48)_____ I am in the book.Also, there is a larger problem. Books in their digital format look vastly less "finished", or less genuine than real books. Y ou can vary their font and type size, but this only makes them(49)_____(resemble) word---processed---no matter how (50)_____(wretch) or wonderful they are---will never look as good as Robert Hass's poems in the print edition of The Apple Trees at Olema. But your poems can look almost exactly as ugly---as "e---book---like" ---as the Kindle version of that collection.All the e---book I've read have been ugly---books by Chang---rae Lee, Alvin Kernan, and Stieg Larsson---though the texts have been wonderful. I didn't grow up reading texts. I grew up reading books, and this(51)_____(differ) is important.When it comes to digital editions, the(52)_____(assume) seems to be that allbooks(53)are_____(create) equal. However, nothing could be further from the truth. In the mass migration from print to digital, we're seeing a profusion of digital books---many of them out of copyright---that look new and even "HD," but which may well have been supplanted by more accurate editions and better translations. We need a digital readers' guide---a place where readers can find(54)_____ whether the book they're about to download is the best available edition. (55)Fi_____, two related problems. I already have a personal library, but most of the books I've read have come from(56)_____(lend) libraries. Barnes & Noble has released an e---reader that allows short---term (57) _____(borrow) of some books. The entire idea behind Amazon's Kindle and Apple's iBooks assumes that you cannot read a book unless you own it first and that only you can read it unless you want to give your reading device to someone else.This goes against the social value of reading, the collective knowledge and(58)_____(collaborate) discourse that comes from access to (59)_____or our culture in general.Part Four Reading Comprehension (40 marks).Section A (10 marks ).Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Not keen on reading? Do you have trouble finding a novel that arouses your interest? Why not follow Ammon Shea's example and start reading a dictionary?Mr Shea owns over 1,000 dictionaries and he reads them for fun. He recently spent a year reading all 20 volumes of the Oxford English Dictionary. The dictionary contains more than20,000 pages and over 59 million words.As he read from A to Z, he noted down interesting words in a ledger. This includes words such as "happify," meaning to make someone happy and "tripudiate", which means to dance, skip or leap for joy. Mr Shea also kept a diary about this experience, which has since become abest---selling book.Why did he do this? He claims it was fun. "I've always enjoyed reading dictionaries . They are far more interesting than people give then credit for," he said.It appears that it was not his goal to sound more intelligent by using longer and more complex words. "I'm not against long, fancy or obscure words, but I'm opposed to using then for their own sake," he said.In fact ,as a result of reading so many new words , Mr Shea often forgot everyday vocabulary. He wrote, "My head was so full of words that I often had trouble forming simple sentences."Mr Shea is not alone in his love of reading dictionaries.Elaine Higgleton, a representative of Collins Cbuild dictionaries, explained that thousands of crossword puzzle and Srabble fans read dictionaries for fun and to improve their games. Ms Higgleton did however note that, "It's probably not the best way to learn English ,and you'd learn more than you need." It is not known how many of the 59 million words Ms Shea remembers, but he has certainly made history with his eccentric hobby.Questions 61 to 65.Decide whether the following statements are True or False.61.Mr Shea has read 1.000 dictionaries.62.Mr Shea spent one month reading the Oxford English Dictionary.63.In Mr Shea's opinion,people don't give dictionaries enough credit for being interesting.64.Mr Shea thinks it is important t be able to use long and complicated words in everyday conversation.65.Elaine Higgleton thinks that reading a dictionary is the best way to learn English.Section B (10 marks)Questions 66 to 70are based on the following passage.Surfing is something people often get hooked on after trying it a few times. For many surfers it is much more than a hobby---they would probably agree with the American professional surfer Kelly Slater when he said,"Once you're in, you're in. There's no getting out.""Surfing", of course, refers to riding on ocean waves using a surfboard. Many surfers stand up on their boards, which requires god balance and is therefore difficult for most beginners to learn, but some lie down and "bodyboard"The history of surfing probably began with the Polynesian people of the Pacific Islands. One of the first white people to see anyone surfing was the British explorer Captain Gook, when his ship arrived in Hawaii in 1779. He watched many Hawaiians riding waves on large pieces of wood, and reported that, "Surfing seems to give them a feeling of great pleasure. "When surfing started to become very popular in the United States in the 1950's and 60s, surfers used large wooden boards (often more than three metres long) that were quite heavy. Boards today are shorter and also much lighter, because they are made of artificial materials instead of wood. For anyone who wants to try surfing. The only essentials are waves and a board. There are a few other things, however, that most surfers find important; a cord t attach one of their ankles to the board and therefore stop it from being carried a long way away when they fall off'; wax, which they put on the surface of the board to help their feet stick to it; and a wetsuit to help them keep warm in cold water. The south---west of English is an example of a place where surfers usually need wetsuits, even in summer.Surfing has been a professional sport for many yeara and the very best surfers are able to makea living from it. Most of the best professional surfers in the last 30 years, both men and women, have been American or Australian, but surfers from Brazil, Peru and South Africa have also won important competitions.Questions 66 to 70Answer the following questions with the information given in the assage in a maximum of 10 words for each question.66.Why do most beginners find it difficult t stand up on a surfboard?67.In what part of the world did surfing probably begin?68.When did surfing start to become very popular in the United States?69.What do surfers use wax for?70.According to the passage, in what part of the world do surfers usually need wetsuits? Section C (10 marks)Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.The latest human development report from the United Nations Development Programmed (UNDP) contains some good news, but also a very serious warning about the threat posed y climate change.The report, published annually since 1990, seeks to asses “human development” around the world, and calculates a “Human Development Index (HDI) for 169 counties. The HDI is based on average income, life expectancy and level of education in a country. Not surprisingly, rich counties tend to have higher HDIs than poor counties, but there are interesting variations in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, because some have better health and education systems than others.According to the 2010 report, the county with the highest level of human development is Norway, followed by Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Ireland. Most of the lowest HDIs belong to counties in sub-Saharan Africa.Almost all counties around the worlds have higher HDIs now than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis, the total number of people living in extreme poverty has increased. The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are better educated and have access to more goods and services. Even in countries with severe economic problems, people’s level of health and education as generally improved. Although sub-Saharan Africancountries are at the bottom of the pile in terms of human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is critical, however, of the fact economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.The greatest threat to improving HDIs in the future, according to the report, is climate change. Economic growth increases average incomes in a country through increasing production and consumption. However , if this leads to greater emissions of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warning will probably accelerate, and cause severe environmental problems in some parts of the world hat will threaten the livelihoods of huge numbers f people. The progress of the last twenty years, therefore, might not be sustainable.The only solution, according to the report, I to break the link between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions-which, needless to say, is easier, said than done.Questions 71 to 75Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage in a maximum of 10 words for each blank.71. The concept of “human development” is based on the following three factors: _______,_____________and_____________.72. Some countries with similar levels of economic development have quite different HDIs because they have_____________.73._________________has caused the number of people living in extreme poverty to increase since 2008.74. The report says that ______________ is the greatest threat to increasing HDIs in the future.75. The report says the link between____________ and ____________needs to be broken. Section D (10 marks)Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passageIt is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises: that they talk too much about certain problems-and that they have no sense o humor, at least parent-child relationships.I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget howthey felt themselves when were young.Y oung people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes, hairstyles, entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted, so they create a culture and society and their own. Then, if it turns out that their music, entertainers, vocabulary, clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes teenagers are resistant and proud because they do not want their parents to approve of what they do. If they did approve, it looks as if the teenager is betraying his own age group. All this is assuming that the teenager is the underdog: he can not win but at least he can keep his honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after years of childhood, when children were completely under their parent’s control, but it ignores the fact that when they become teenagers, children are beginning to be responsible for themselves.If you plan to control your life, co-operation should be a part of that plan. Y ou can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. Y ou can also impress people with your of responsibility and your initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.Questions 76 to 78Choose the best answer according to the passage.76 the first paragraph is mainly about_____________.A teena gers’ criticism of their parentsB misunderstanding between teenagers and their parentsC the dominance of parents over their childrenD teenagers’ ability to deal with crises77 teenagers have strange clothes and hairstyles because they___________A have a strong desire to be leaders in style and tasteB want to prove their existence by creating a culture of their ownC have no other way to enjoy themselvesD want to irritate their parent78 teenagers do not want their parents to approve of what they do because they_______________.A have already been accepted into adult worldB feel that they are superior to adult worldC want to win adults over to their cultureD don’t want to appear to be disloyal to their own age groupQuestion 79 to 80Translate the sentences in the passage into Chinese79 I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were young80 Y ou can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want.Part V translate (10 mark)Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given brackets. Remember to write your answer on the answer sheet.81 他以牺牲健康为代价获得财富。

2007 National English Contestfor College Students(Level C - Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 points)Section A (6 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 6 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. He hasn’t found a suitable one. B. He hasn’t enough money.C. He prefers his old one.2. A. In ten minutes. B. In fifteen minutes. C. In twenty minutes.3. A. Have dinner with Mary. B. See a film with Mary.C. Do his homework.4. A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.5. A. He has to go to the bank. B. He has missed the train.C. His train has been delayed.6. A. £315. B. £350. C. £375.Section B (4 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. The conversation will be read only once. At the end of the conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, you must read the four questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.7. What office is the student looking for?A. Accounting.B. Economic History.C. Economics.8. When was the orientation meeting held?A. Yesterday.B. Last Friday.C. A week ago.9. What is the rule about attendance at lectures?A. It is optional.B. It is necessary.C. It is difficult to enforce.10. How often does the student have to attend tutorials?A. Once every other week.B. Three times a week.C. Once a week.Section C (10 points)Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short news items. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the question and then the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. When did the bomb go off in a popular market in central Baghdad?A. Late in the evening.B. At mid-morning.C. Late in the afternoon.12. What’s the purpose of the Amber Alert program?A. To report the number of children missing in the U.S. every year.B. To help find the children who are believed to have been abducted.C. To find out the reasons why children are kidnapped in the U.S.13. How many villages have been involved in the inter-communal fighting in Chad?A. Fewer than 8.B. About 10.C. Over 20.14. What is the best tactic when you’re caught up by a rolling wave of snow?A. To create space around you.B. To outrun the avalanche.C. To leave the ski resort instantly.15. What’s the news item mainly talking about?A. Development of medical technology.B. Health care in California.C. Health insurance in the U.S.16. How many people did bird flu kill in Indonesia in two weeks?A. 5.B. 2.C. 35.17. What’s the function of the new drug produced by Pfizer?A. Reducing dogs’ weight.B. Increasing dogs’ appetite.C. Controlling dogs’ population.18. What will soon begin in the southern Senegalese towns?A. Planting new agricultural crops.B. Biofuel production.C. Fuel recycling.19. When did Ponti begin making films?A. In 1913.B. In 1931.C. In 1938.20. What’s the main reason Democrats could regain control of Congress after 12 years?A. Nancy Pelosi has become their leader.B. Americans are dissatisfied with the Iraq war.C. They support sending more troops to Iraq.Section D (10 points)Directions:In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases in it. Fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Every traveller has a tale to tell about bad driving. These are usually exaggerated (21) __________ of life on the main streets of cities where the motorists are crazy and traffic lights are treated as colourful (22) __________.It all happened on a Sunday April morning. I (23) __________ my intention to turn left into a side road and paused as the oncoming traffic cleared. But as I drove across the road, an elderly man driving a battered Renault 12 chose to overtake me (24) __________ pass on the inside. There was a fearful bang and my car was pushed sideways. I felt groggy and bruised and was taken to hospital in the back seat of a police car. There my spleen was removed. Fortunately, though, my recovery was steady and (25) __________.But that’s not the end of the tale. Yes, I had taken out insurance and it covered my medical expenses, (26) __________ while I recovered and my flights home. However, as always, there was a catch to it. I had (27) __________ hired my car from a backstreet firm called Kavis that had been recommended by the hotel front desk. I was assured that I had full insurance cover, but Kavis (28) __________ my credit card £800 on the day of the accident. My solicitor took advice on the form I had signed. Being in a hurry at the time, I hadn’t (29) __________ to get it translated. “Mr. Balmer was stupid to sign this document,” it r ead. I (30) __________ with a smile. After all, I am still alive!Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 points)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. If I lose my new watch my parents will be very annoyed ______ me.A. againstB. withC. forD. about32. I don’t think ______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. thisB. thatC. itsD. it33. Does brain power ______ as we get older? Scientists now have some surprising answers.A. descendB. declineC. reduceD. collapse34. I don’t believe in Brown’s adventure at all. It sounds so ______.A. incredibleB. credibleC. incredulousD. credulous35. We’ll never get to the station on tim e ______ we run as fast as we can.A. in caseB. even ifC. provided thatD. if only36. Oil sales volume in local urban and rural areas rose by 24% and 50% ______, over July 2006.A. separatelyB. individuallyC. independentlyD. respectively37. The shipping authorities followed the ______ of the unidentified submarine on their radar screens.A. channelB. wayC. courseD. direction38. I set off as soon as I got the news about my grandpa’s illness. Unfortunately, he ______ at the hospital before I ______.A. has died; went thereB. had died; arrivedC. died; had been thereD. was dying; had gone39. The committee has made rules ______ all its members are supposed to work.A. by whichB. so thatC. now thatD. for which40. They were married for fifteen years but have now ______ up and live apart.A. splitB. dividedC. divorcedD. separated41. We wouldn’t have missed the train if we ______ to the station.A. didn’t walkB. wouldn’t runC. hadn’t walkedD. weren’t running42. No matter what measure they took, in no way ______.A. could the outflowing tide be controlledB. the outflowing tide could be controlledC. could the outflowing tide controlD. the outflowing tide could control43. —Did you get any information from Peter?—He ______ an expert, but he doesn’t seem to know much.A. believes to beB. is supposed to beC. thought to beD. is claimed being44. —The radio’s terribly loud. Could you turn it down a little?—Sorry! ______—Yes, and something else - wouldn’t it be an idea to buy your own soap?A. Is it disturbing you?B. I forgot where I put my soap this morning.C. A football match was broadcast live on it.D. Could you repeat what you said?45. —Can I book a room from now until Friday?—_________________—What’s the price?—$128.75 not counting the service.A. Definitely. Go see it yourself.B. Yes, our hotel is quite near to the station.C. Of course. Would you like to follow me?D. You can have Room 33, overlooking the sea.Part III IQ Test (5 minutes, 5 points)Directions:There are 5 IQ Test questions in this part. For each question there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.46. Which figure completes the sequence?47. A man has 29 socks in his drawer, 9 identical blue, 8 identical grey and 12 identical black. The lights have fused and he is completely in the dark. How many socks must he take out to make certain that he has a pair of each colour?A. 21B. 14C. 23D. 2448. Which comes next?A, 1A, 111A, 311A,?A. 1312AB. 13211AC. 1231AD. 11231A49. Find the weight to balance the scales.A. 2kgB. 4kgC. 3kgD. 5kg50. What is the missing number?A. 748B. 754C. 745D. 784Part IV Reading Comprehension (25 minutes, 40 points)Section A (6 points)Directions:There is one passage in this section with 6 questions. For each question, there are fourchoices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 51-56 are based on the following passage.“A Unique Experience in IndianCuisine”Opening night at the Gandhi Restaurant brought cries of praise and delight from customers when they sampled the unique cuisine on Monday night.Opened by County Councillor, Mr. Tony Peaston, the Gandhi offers the discerning diner authentic Indian dishes, many available for the first time in Hampshire.The secret lies in the preparation - only authentic Indian herbs and spices are used to individually prepare each special dish, following ancient recipes, many handed down through generations of Indian chefs.High Standard“I’ve travelled extensively and dined at many Indian restaurants throughout the country, but rarely have I tasted Indian food of such a high standard,” extolled Councillor Peaston.“Whilst Gandhi himself was a leader of men, the Gandhi Restaurant could be considered the leader of a new breed of Indian cuisine in Hampshire,” he added.“By far the best curry we have had in the Portsmouth area,” was the comment of Havant diners, Mr. and Mrs. Jim Cairns of Denvilles.“We enjoyed the different menu and found the advice of the staff, explaining how each dish was prepared, very helpful for deciding our choice of menu,” they said.Such glowing comments reflect the exclusive nature of the dishes available at the Gandhi Restaurant.Original RecipesYou can choose from a menu which offers curries and tandoories, knowing each one is specially cooked for you, with individual care and attention, according to strict original recipes, by a top London chef, formerly of Covent Garden.And after you have sampled the spicy delights of your main course, you can select from a choice of original Indian sweets to temper your palate.Relaxing in the comfortablesurroundingsof the restaurant, you can have a hot towel to freshen yourself or clean your fingers between courses - another touch of Indian living.The Gandhi Restaurant, situated at 139 Kingston Road, Portsmouth, is fully licensed and open seven days a week.You can pop in for a traditional Indian lunch between 12 and 2:30 pm or enjoy a languid evening meal, when the restaurant is open from 6 pm to midnight.But take care to book in advance, as demand for this cuisine is expected to be high, so avoid disappointment by telephoning Portsmouth 811966.As proof of confidence in your enjoyment, the Gandhi is offering a 10 per cent discount on the cost of your meal, when you produce this advertisement within three months of the opening.The staff at the Gandhi look forward to serving you with your first taste of truly authentic Indian cuisine in this area- and they know you will come back again and again.51. “A Unique Experience in Indian Cuisine” here means that the Gandhi restaurant __________.A. is the only genuine Indian restaurant in HampshireB. offers customers its own special style of cookingC. makes special food for native Indian customersD. is trying out Indian recipes for the first time52. How does the food preparation contribute to the unique, experience?A. It varies from customer to customer, depending on the price.B. The methods used are secret and known only to the chef.C. It uses genuine Indian ingredients and follows ancient recipes.D. It follows methods described by traditional Indian authors.53. According to the article, in what way does the restaurant live up to its name?A. It will soon be as famous throughout the world as Gandhi himself.B. The owner considers himself to be a leader of the local Indian community.C. It has had a considerable influence on other Hampshire restaurants.D. It sets new standards of excellence for other Indian restaurants to follow.54. Where did the top chef of the Gandhi Restaurant use to work?A. In London.B. In Hampshire.C. In Denvilles.D. In Portsmouth.55. Hot towels are provided __________.A. because customers feel coldB. to make customers feel more relaxedC. mainly for hygienic reasonsD. to give customers the true feel of Indian life56. Customers can obtain a cheaper meal by __________.A. bringing the advertisement with themB. making a phone call to the restaurantC. providing proof of their enjoymentD. contributing to the cost of advertisingSection B (7 points)Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by 7 statements. Go over the passage quickly and mark the answers on the Answer Sheet. For questions 57- 63, markY (for Yes) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for No) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for Not Given) if the information is not given in the passage.Questions 57-63 are based on the following passage.Eleven days ago, as he felt himself being crushed from head to toe, Andrew Jepson was certain he was about to die.Yesterday the 26-year-old construction worker was able to stroll around his parents’ home and tell for the first time how he survived being run over by a four-ton road roller.The accident happened as Mr. Jepsonworked at a building site at Heathrow and the roller was reversing at 4 mph.“I was looking away and then I just felt it go over my leg”, he said. “I fell to the floor and felt this amazing pain in my leg as it was being crushed.”“When I felt it running over me I thought this is it, I’m dead. Nobody can survive this.”“There was absolutely nothing I could do. The pain was horrendous and all the air was being crushed out of my lungs.”“I couldn’t breathe. I thought every breath would be my last.”The mach ine took more than a second to roll over Mr. Jepson’s body.“It came over my head but I had my hard hat on which must have blocked most of the pressure,” he said.Workmates believed he would be dead but the uneven surface, foundation for a road, cushioned much of the weight of the roller and saved him.“Afterwards I tried to get straight up,” he said. “I was fully conscious. I was in shock but for some reason I thought, ‘If I stay down, I will die.’”“Luckily a labourer ran over and kept me down so that I would not do any more injury to myself.”“The driver rushed over. He was really upset. I said, ‘You are not to blame, it was just an accident.’”Mr. Jepson, a site engineer, suffered crushed ribs, bruising, cuts and a collapsed left lung but escaped permanent injury. An air ambulance arrived and doctors operated at the scene.He spent two days in intensive care but six days later was back at his parents’ home near Spalding, Lincolnshire.“It is like being born again,” said Mr. Jepson, who has amazed doctors with his recovery.“When I came around from the anaesthetic I just cried with joy. Being able to walk and breathe again is the most wonderful thing in the world.”Mr. Jepson’s 62-year-old father, John, said, “When we heard he had been under a roller I fear ed the worst. We prayed all the way to the hospital. To see him now is just wonderful.”Mr. Jepson’s employer, construction firm Laing, said the accident was still being investigated.Statements:Section C Directions: You are going to read a magazine article about sand. Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences (A-H) the one which fits each gap (64-70). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet .Sand: as children we play on it and as adults we relax on it. It is something we complain about when it gets in our eyes on a windy beach, and praise when it is made into sand castles.But we don’t often look at it. If we did, we would discover an account of a geological past and a history of sea life that goes back thousands and, in some cases, mil- lions of years.Sand covers not just seashores, but also ocean beds, deserts and mountains. And it is a major element in manufactured products too - concrete is largely sand, while glass is made of little else.Well, it is larger than fine dust and smaller than shingle. In fact, according to the most generally accepted scheme of measurement, grains can be called sand if their diameter is greater than 0.06 of a millimetre andless than 0.6 of a millimetre.Depending on its age and origin, a particular sand can consist of tiny stones or porous grains through which water can pass. They have come from the breaking down of rocks, or from the dead bodies of sea creatures, which collect on the bottom of the oceans, or even from volcanic eruptions.If it is a dazzling white, its grains may come from nearby coral, from crystalline quartz rocks or from gypsum, like the white sand of New Mexico. On Pacific Islands, jet black sands form from volcanic minerals.Other black beaches are magnetic and are mined for iron ore.It washes rock into streams and rivers and down to the sea, leaving be- hind softer materials. By the time it reaches the sea, the hardest rocks remain but every- thing else has been broken into tiny particles of 0.02millimetre diameter or less. The largest pieces fall to the bottom quickly, while smaller particles float and settle only slowly in deeper water, which is why the sandy beach on the shoreline so often turns to mud further out.If the individual fragments still have sharp edges, you can be sure they were formed fairly recently. This is the case on the island of Kamoama in Hawaii, where a beach was created after a volcanic eruption in 1990.Molten lava spilled into the sea and exploded into glassy droplets.646566676869It seems that when the poet William Blake saw infinity in a grain of sand he was not far wrong. Sand is an irreplaceable industrial ingredient which has many uses.Sand cushions our land from the force of the sea, and geologists say it often does a better job protecting our shores than the most advanced coastal technology.Section D (10 points)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in as few words as possible (not more than 10 words). Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet .Questions 71-75 are based on the following passage.Rare among American actors, Depp has made a name for himself effortlessly switching between mainstream Hollywood movies and more “out of the ordinary” projects. Talking about his choice of roles, he once said, “With any part you play, there is a certain amount of yourself in it. There has to be, otherwise it’s not acting. It’s lying.” Highlights of a richly diverse career include Edward Scissorhands, Sleepy Hollow and Pirates of the Caribbean .Depp dropped out of school at sixteen to concentrate on a career in music, playing the guitar (he played with more than twenty bands). However, his musical career rifled to take off, and he found himself selling pens over the phone to pay the bills. His lucky break came when makeup artist Loft Allison, to whom he was briefly married, introduced him to Nicolas Cage. Although at first they did not like each other, they later became good friends and Cage persuaded him to try acting. Depp signed on with Cage’s agent, and made his feature film debut in Wes Craven’s horror film Nightmare on Elm Street, in which the character he p layed was eaten by his bed. After that he had his first screen leading role in Private Resort.Depp went on to achieve teen idol status in the TV series 21 Jump Street, but after four seasons, he wanted out, with the hope of making the transition to the big screen. He starred in Cry-Baby, followed by Tim Burton’s Edward Scissorhands, after which he went on to win considerable critical acclaim in Ed Wood, a reunion with Burton. Depp made his feature directorial debut with The Brave in 1997, a film he also co-wrote and starred in. Premiering at theCannes Film Festival, the film also featured Marlon Brando, butearned mostly negative reviews, with most critics blaming its weakscript. Sleepy Hollow teamed him with director Burton yet again,before he starred in Ted Demme’s Blow, and a ppeared in the thrillerFrom Hell, about Jack the Ripper.OFF screen, his good looks and “bad boy” image (he was oncearrested for attacking intrusive paparazzi with a wooden plank) haveearned him a lot of media attention. He was voted one of the fiftymost beautiful people in the world by People magazine in 1996. Hehas also had his fair share of celebrity romances; when hisengagement to Edward Scissorhands co-star Winona Ryder ended,he had a tattoo (one of at least eight), which said “Winona Forever”,altered by laser to get rid of the last two letters of her name. Hisrelationship with model Kate Moss also ended abruptly in 1998,when he started dating French singer-actress Vanessa Paradis. Theyare now married and have two children, Lily-Rose Melody and Jack.More recent work has included Pirates of the Caribbean withGeoffrey Rush and Once Upon a Time in Mexico.70Section E (10 points)Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the pas- sage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in the spaces 76-80. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 76-80 are based on the following passage.Lack of culture, or rather an excess of the wrong sort of culture, is often considered to be synonymous with disadvantage. Most commonly associated with low cultural standards are low levels of reading, and some thirteen per cent of all twenty-three-year-olds feel they have trouble with reading and writing. One way of compensating such disadvantaged young people is thought to be to provide them with the culture they lack: in particular, high quality reading material.Whereas forty to fifty per cent of young people aged sixteen to twenty rarely read a book, the majority appear to read comics. In 1991 sales of Viz, a UK comic, exceeded one million copies per issue, making it the fourth best-selling periodical in Britain. The reading of comics, however, is not restricted to young people: by 1992 it was estimated that two out of three men aged eighteen to fifty-three read Viz. The number of imitators this comic has spawned, including Zit, Gas, Brain Damage and Swiz, indicates the extent of the influence it wields.The reading of comics was traditionally regarded by the educational establishment with considerable suspicion. Whereas the received arts were always assumed to exert an improving or civilizing influence, comics were thought to “rot children’s brains”, to lower educational standards and to threaten morality. They were, and are, assumed to be an inferior cultural form, their readers assumed to come from the lower social classes, to be low educational attainers and to be easily led astray.Over the past decade, perceptions of comics have shifted. Since the 1970s, the comic format has been commonly used to represent the interests of various disenfranchised groups — community groups, the unemployed, welfare recipients — who became more conscious of a climate conditioned by other contemporary movements such as civil fights, consumerism, self-help and de-institutionalization. As cultural signifiers, comics have become the subject matter of academic courses in cultural and media studies. Indeed, young people’s cultural activities, grounded in the commercial rather than the subsidized sector, are beginning to merit the attention of the arts establishment.Part V Cloze (10 minutes, 10 points)Directions:There are 10 blanks in the passage. Use the words (phrases) given in the box to fill in the blanks, changing the form where necessary. Use only one word (phrase) in each blank. There are two extra words (phrases) which you do not need to use. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Working out to music you are football crazy or keen on tennis. The (82) __________ that rock or pop music might ever play a part in sports training would have been regarded as a joke not so long ago. But today modem music is increasingly filling the gym as well as the front room.The idea of exercise to music is not new. For years, (83) __________ in eastern Europe, the benefits of sportsmen and sportswomen having (84) __________in ballet and classical dance, with their stress on total body control and balance, have long been recognised.Figure-skating and ice-dance are usually performed to music and can be said to be specialised (85) __________ of this type of exercise. But ballet and classical dance can be (86) __________ other sports that are also pleasing to the eye, such as gymnastics and skiing, (87) __________ of which demand high standards of balance, coordination and suppleness.In western Europe and North America, a far (88) __________ interest has been shown in working out to classical music. Even sports which seem to demand muscular (89) __________ more than any other physical requirement have taken up exercise to music as a valuable addition to their own specialised training schemes.Devotees of soccer, rugby, and rowing now regularly train to music; even those who take part in weightlifting, (90) __________ demands enormous physical strength, and participants in athletics field events, find that exercise to music is beneficial and makes their movements more fluid.Part VI Translation (15 minutes, 20 points)Section A (10 points)Directions:Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.(91) An active lifestyle and a healthy, fish-rich diet are not only good for your heart, they may also help tackle the memory loss associated with old age, two leading neuroscientists said.As people live longer, finding ways of halting the decline in mental agility is becoming increasingly important, said Professor Ian Robertson, director of the Institute of Neuroscience at Trinity College Dublin.(92) “The biggest threat to being able to function well and properly is our brains,” he told journalists.“There is very strong evidence, particularly in the over-50s, that the degree to which you maintain your mental faculties depends on a handful of quite simple environmental factors,” he said.(93) Those who remained physically fit, avoided high stress levels and enjoyed a rich and varied social life are better equipped to stay alert as they age. Mental stimulation, learning new things and simply thinking young also help.A new survey compiled for the University of Kent and the charity Age Concern showed ageism was rife in Britain where people, on average, see youth as ending at 49 and old age beginning at 65.But Robertson said such attitudes were not helpful given the number of 80-year- olds who remain “sharp as pins”.(94) “If you start to think of yourself as old when you are 60, which is no longer justified, you will behave old,” he said.Research conducted by his Trinity College colleague, Professor Marina Lynch, showed healthy eating was another key requirement for staying on the ball.(95) Lynch said new research showed fish oils may reduce the cell inflammation that triggers a decline in memory.Section B (10 points)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.96．这决不是解决人口问题的最好办法。

2011 National English Contest for College students(Level C-Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversations will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause, read the question and the there choices marked A,B and C ,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.What does the man want to do?A.Get something to eat now.B.Find a quiet place that shows games.C.Watch the next game with the woman.2.Why does not the man have a MySpace account?A.He is not skilled at using computer.B.All of the instruction are in EnglishC.The woman won not teach him.3.How long does the woman plan to try teleworkingA.For a few days.B.For a few weeks.C.For a few months.4.What does the man hope will happen?A.The price of cell phone novels will go down.B.The novel’s author will writer longer stories.C.The woman will tell him ho the story ends.5.what is the woman going to do next?A.turn on her computer.B.Go for a walk with peter.C.Visit her new neighbors.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once.At the end each conversation, there will be a one minute pause. During the pause, read the questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre. Conversation one6.What did Jack do over the summer?A.He studied very hard.B.He took a summer class.C.He visited one of his teachers.7.What does Jack think of Ms Wellington as a teacher?A.Easy-going.B.Tough.C.Interesting.8.Why is Ms Wellington’s class hard?A.Her exams are difficult.B.She does not give students the help they need.C.She makes do lots of work.Conversation two9.Why is Mrs. Griffin going to the city where the hotel is located?A.He is on holiday.B.He’s on a business tripC.He is going to a conference.10. How many times has Mrs. Griffin stayed at the Sunrise Hotel?A. Twice.B. Once.C. Three times.11. Where is Mrs. Griffin form?A. Canada.B. New Zealand.C. Australia.12. What is Mrs. Griffin’s passport number?A.87647489B.87637289C.8763748913. What kind of room does Mrs. Griffin want?A. A single room for two nights.B. A double room for two nights.C. A single room for one night.14. When will Mrs. Griffin arrive at Sunrise Hotel?A. at 9:15 pmB. at 9:35 pmC. at 10:00 pm15. What food will be put into Mrs. Griffin’s room?A. a sandwich with fries.B. a cheese sandwich.C. a burger with chips.Section C (5Marks)16. What does the Associated Press ask editor and news directors to do?A. vote for the top stories of the year.B. describe the oil spill in the Gulf of MexicoC. writes about the 11 workers killed in the explosion17. Where are the doctors and technology experts from?A. New York.B. LondonC. Tokyo18. For how long does President Obama agree to extend the tax cuts?A. for four yearsB. for three yearsC. for two years.19. How many people in the world don’t have enough to eat,according to the report?A. more than one billion.B. some six hundred million.C. nearly nine hundred million20. What have astronomers recently discovered?A. there are unknown plants in older galaxies.B. there are many galaxies in the universeC. there are a lot more red dwarf in older galaxiesSection D (10 marks)In the section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. Remember to write the answer on the answer sheetWhat do you do if you don’t get your first choice university? This ____ faces thousands of British every year. Many such_____ turn to Clearing, a service that helps find university places for students at the last moment. If they don’t have the marks to get into their____, Clearing tells them about places available at other university, though they might have to read a difficult subject.This year has seen a record number of people applying to university. This, combined with the _____________________,an uncertain job market, and budget cuts at university, product even more of a scramble for places than usual. Some sources say six students have applied for each remaining___________________________ placeThe British University Admissions Service, UCAS, says up to a quarter of this year’s university applicants-almost 190000 people-have not been admitted intoa____________________________. That is an increase of over 46000 students from last year.Faced with these figure, some British students might consider an interesting alternative:_____________________________. The University of Nottingham for is offering place at its campuses in Ningbo, near Shanghai, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Students at these institutions can earn University of Nottingham degrees, according, engineering and English. Similarly, the University of Bolton says it has unlimited places at its campus in the United Arab Emirates.To deal with these problems, the UK’s Higher Education Minister, David Willet’s, is encouraging students who have not made the grade to consider alternatives to university, such as _______________________and studying at home.―There are arrange of options available, ―he says. ―people can reapply next year, s o they should consider spending this year in a way that will add positively to their CVs. Getting_____________________or other skills will strengthen their chances next year.‖ Some commentators say, though that rising university costs, poor long-term_______________________, and a drop in graduate recruitment mean this the worst time to be a university student in the UK.Part Two Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks )There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.31.After four days of talks, we are glad to announce that the union and management have reached an______. The agreement is fair and benefits both sides.A.accordB. accomplishmentC. identityD. undertaking32.As the clerk______prepared my milk shake, I wondered how long she had been working there ,mindlessly making ice cream treats in a set order of steps.A.logicallyB. methodicallyC. graphicallyD. synthetically33. As a boy he wanted to be a fireman. As a high school student, he thought he'd like to become a teacher. Now he______to be nothing more than a janitor.A.AssumesB. PrescribesC. AspiresD. Presumes34. Regardless of what caused it, I an grateful that have finally reached a point in my life_______I can appreciate my strengths, accept my weaknesses and try to be comfortable with everything in between.A.WhyB. WhereC. WhichD. What35. ______information provided by members of the public, the police would have a much move difficult job.A.SupposingB. Provided theC. If it were not forD. On condition that36.Peter Brown was a painstaking writer;______, he once spent half a day on the composition ofa single sentence.A.On the other handB. NeverthelessC. MoreoverD. For example37.----What an I going to do about a present for Carol?----You______some flowers.A.Might have sent herB. Must have sent herC. Could send herD. Would send her38.Without the air holding in some of the sun's heat, the earth______cold at night, too cold for us to live on.A.Will be freezingB. Would be freezingC. An be frozenD. Would be frozen39.The students in our university each______an English dictionary. That is to say, each of the students in our university______an English dictionary.A.Have; hasB. Have; haveC. Has; haveD. Has; has40.Here's your kitchen. I hope you enjoy cooking here. Is there______else that you need?A.SomethingB. AnythingC. NothingD. Everything41.David______his business partner over plans to reduce the workforce.A.Came down toB. Broke down toC. Fell out withD. Went along with42.______is this piece of equipment to be removed from the building.A.On no accountB. AbsolutelyC. ScarcelyD. Not at all43.Helen' s parents were______that she was still on the job., but she had resigned.A.In doubtB. Of the opinionC. Under the impressionD. With suspicion44.----I don't think I will ever, in my life, win a lottery of five million dollars.----Well, ______. Anything can happen.A.You made itB. You're kiddingC. What you sayD. You can never tell45.-----How did you find the concert in the Grand Theatre last night?-----______ but the conductor was perfect.A.I couldn't agree moreB. I didn't think much of itC. I was crazy about itD. I really liked itPart Three Cloze(15 marks )I have been reading a lot on my iPad recently, and I have some (46)_____ (complain) not about the iPad itself but about the state of digital reading generally. Reading is a subtle thing, and itssubtleties are artifacts of a venerable medium: words printed in ink on paper. Glass and pixels aren't the same.When I read a physical book, I don't have to look anywhere else to find out how much I've read. The iPad e---reader, iBooks tries to create the (47) illu_____ of a physical book. The pages seem to turn, and I can the edges of those that remain, but it's fake. There are always exactly six unturned pages, no matter (48)_____ I am in the book.Also, there is a larger problem. Books in their digital format look vastly less "finished", or less genuine than real books. You can vary their font and type size, but this only makes them(49)_____(resemble) word---processed---no matter how (50)_____(wretch) or wonderful they are---will never look as good as Robert Hass's poems in the print edition of The Apple Trees at Olema. But your poems can look almost exactly as ugly---as "e---book---like" ---as the Kindle version of that collection.All the e---book I've read have been ugly---books by Chang---rae Lee, Alvin Kernan, and Stieg Larsson---though the texts have been wonderful. I didn't grow up reading texts. I grew up reading books, and this(51)_____(differ) is important.When it comes to digital editions, the(52)_____(assume) seems to be that allbooks(53)are_____(create) equal. However, nothing could be further from the truth. In the mass migration from print to digital, we're seeing a profusion of digital books---many of them out of copyright---that look new and even "HD," but which may well have been supplanted by more accurate editions and better translations. We need a digital readers' guide---a place where readers can find(54)_____ whether the book they're about to download is the best available edition. (55)Fi_____, two related problems. I already have a personal library, but most of the books I've read have come from(56)_____(lend) libraries. Barnes & Noble has released an e---reader that allows short---term (57) _____(borrow) of some books. The entire idea behind Amazon's Kindle and Apple's iBooks assumes that you cannot read a book unless you own it first and that only you can read it unless you want to give your reading device to someone else.This goes against the social value of reading, the collective knowledge and(58)_____(collaborate) discourse that comes from access to (59)_____or our culture in general. Part Four Reading Comprehension (40 marks).Section A (10 marks ).Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Not keen on reading? Do you have trouble finding a novel that arouses your interest? Why not follow Ammon Shea's example and start reading a dictionary?Mr Shea owns over 1,000 dictionaries and he reads them for fun. He recently spent a year reading all 20 volumes of the Oxford English Dictionary. The dictionary contains more than20,000 pages and over 59 million words.As he read from A to Z, he noted down interesting words in a ledger. This includes words such as "happify," meaning to make someone happy and "tripudiate", which means to dance, skip or leap for joy. Mr Shea also kept a diary about this experience, which has since become abest---selling book.Why did he do this? He claims it was fun. "I've always enjoyed reading dictionaries . They are far more interesting than people give then credit for," he said.It appears that it was not his goal to sound more intelligent by using longer and more complex words. "I'm not against long, fancy or obscure words, but I'm opposed to using then for their own sake," he said.In fact ,as a result of reading so many new words , Mr Shea often forgot everyday vocabulary. He wrote, "My head was so full of words that I often had trouble forming simple sentences."Mr Shea is not alone in his love of reading dictionaries.Elaine Higgleton, a representative of Collins Cbuild dictionaries, explained that thousands of crossword puzzle and Srabble fans read dictionaries for fun and to improve their games. Ms Higgleton did however note that, "It's probably not the best way to learn English ,and you'd learn more than you need." It is not known how many of the 59 million words Ms Shea remembers, but he has certainly made history with his eccentric hobby.Questions 61 to 65.Decide whether the following statements are True or False.61.Mr Shea has read 1.000 dictionaries.62.Mr Shea spent one month reading the Oxford English Dictionary.63.In Mr Shea's opinion,people don't give dictionaries enough credit for being interesting.64.Mr Shea thinks it is important t be able to use long and complicated words in everyday conversation.65.Elaine Higgleton thinks that reading a dictionary is the best way to learn English.Section B (10 marks)Questions 66 to 70are based on the following passage.Surfing is something people often get hooked on after trying it a few times. For many surfers it is much more than a hobby---they would probably agree with the American professional surfer Kelly Slater when he said,"Once you're in, you're in. There's no getting out.""Surfing", of course, refers to riding on ocean waves using a surfboard. Many surfers stand up on their boards, which requires god balance and is therefore difficult for most beginners to learn, but some lie down and "bodyboard"The history of surfing probably began with the Polynesian people of the Pacific Islands. One of the first white people to see anyone surfing was the British explorer Captain Gook, when his ship arrived in Hawaii in 1779. He watched many Hawaiians riding waves on large pieces of wood, and reported that, "Surfing seems to give them a feeling of great pleasure. "When surfing started to become very popular in the United States in the 1950's and 60s, surfers used large wooden boards (often more than three metres long) that were quite heavy. Boards today are shorter and also much lighter, because they are made of artificial materials instead of wood. For anyone who wants to try surfing. The only essentials are waves and a board. There are a few other things, however, that most surfers find important; a cord t attach one of their ankles to the board and therefore stop it from being carried a long way away when they fall off'; wax, which they put on the surface of the board to help their feet stick to it; and a wetsuit to help them keep warm in cold water. The south---west of English is an example of a place where surfers usually need wetsuits, even in summer.Surfing has been a professional sport for many yeara and the very best surfers are able to make a living from it. Most of the best professional surfers in the last 30 years, both men and women, have been American or Australian, but surfers from Brazil, Peru and South Africa have also wonimportant competitions.Questions 66 to 70Answer the following questions with the information given in the assage in a maximum of 10 words for each question.66.Why do most beginners find it difficult t stand up on a surfboard?67.In what part of the world did surfing probably begin?68.When did surfing start to become very popular in the United States?69.What do surfers use wax for?70.According to the passage, in what part of the world do surfers usually need wetsuits? Section C (10 marks)Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.The latest human development report from the United Nations Development Programmed (UNDP) contains some good news, but also a very serious warning about the threat posed y climate change.The report, published annually since 1990, seeks to asses ―human development‖ around the world, and calculates a ―Human Development Index (HDI) for 169 counties. The HDI is based on average income, life expectancy and level of education in a country. Not surprisingly, rich counties tend to have higher HDIs than poor counties, but there are interesting variations in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, because some have better health and education systems than others.According to the 2010 report, the county with the highest level of human development is Norway, followed by Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Ireland. Most of the lowest HDIs belong to counties in sub-Saharan Africa.Almost all counties around the worlds have higher HDIs now than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis, the total number of people living in extreme poverty has increased. The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are better educated and have access to more goods and services. Even in countries with severe economic problems, people’s level of health and education as generally improved. Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile in terms of human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is critical, however, of the fact economic inequality hasincreased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.The greatest threat to improving HDIs in the future, according to the report, is climate change. Economic growth increases average incomes in a country through increasing production and consumption. However , if this leads to greater emissions of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warning will probably accelerate, and cause severe environmental problems in some parts of the world hat will threaten the livelihoods of huge numbers f people. The progress of the last twenty years, therefore, might not be sustainable.The only solution, according to the report, I to break the link between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions-which, needless to say, is easier, said than done.Questions 71 to 75Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage in a maximum of 10 words for each blank.71. The concept of ―human development‖ is based on the following three factors: _______,_____________and_____________.72. Some countries with similar levels of economic development have quite different HDIs because they have_____________.73._________________has caused the number of people living in extreme poverty to increase since 2008.74. The report says that ______________ is the greatest threat to increasing HDIs in the future.75. The report says the link between____________ and ____________needs to be broken. Section D (10 marks)Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passageIt is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises: that they talk too much about certain problems-and that they have no sense o humor, at least parent-child relationships.I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were young.Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes, hairstyles,entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted, so they create a culture and society and their own. Then, if it turns out that their music, entertainers, vocabulary, clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes teenagers are resistant and proud because they do not want their parents to approve of what they do. If they did approve, it looks as if the teenager is betraying his own age group. All this is assuming that the teenager is the underdog: he can not win but at least he can keep his honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after years of childhood, when children were completely under their parent’s control, but it ignores the fact that when they become teenagers, children are beginning to be responsible for themselves.If you plan to control your life, co-operation should be a part of that plan. You can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can also impress people with your of responsibility and your initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.Questions 76 to 78Choose the best answer according to the passage.76 the first paragraph is mainly about_____________.A teenagers’ criticism of their parentsB misunderstanding between teenagers and their parentsC the dominance of parents over their childrenD teenagers’ ability to deal with crises77 teenagers have strange clothes and hairstyles because they___________A have a strong desire to be leaders in style and tasteB want to prove their existence by creating a culture of their ownC have no other way to enjoy themselvesD want to irritate their parent78 teenagers do not want their parents to approve of what they do because they_______________.A have already been accepted into adult worldB feel that they are superior to adult worldC want to win adults over to their cultureD don’t want to appear to be disloyal to their own age groupQuestion 79 to 80Translate the sentences in the passage into Chinese79 I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were young80 You can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want.Part V translate (10 mark)Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given brackets. Remember to write your answer on the answer sheet.81 他以牺牲健康为代价获得财富。

2011 National English Contest for College students(Level C-Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversations will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause, read the question and the there choices marked A,B and C ,and decide which is the best mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.What does the man want to do?A.Get something to eat now.B.Find a quiet place that shows games.C.Watch the next game with the woman.2.Why does not the man have a MySpace account?A.He is not skilled at using computer.B.All of the instruction are in EnglishC.The woman won not teach him.3.How long does the woman plan to try teleworkingA.For a few days.B.For a few weeks.C.For a few months.4.What does the man hope will happen?A.The price of cell phone novels will go down.B.The novel’s author will writer longer stories.C.The woman will tell him ho the story ends.5.what is the woman going to do next?A.turn on her computer.B.Go for a walk with peter.C.Visit her new neighbors.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end each conversation, there will be a one minute pause. During the pause, read the questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre. Conversation one6.What did Jack do over the summer?A.He studied very hard.B.He took a summer class.C.He visited one of his teachers.7.What does Jack think of Ms Wellington as a teacher?A.Easy-going.B.Tough.C.Interesting.8.Why is Ms Wellington’s class hard?A.Her exams are difficult.B.She does not give students the help they need.C.She makes do lots of work.Conversation two9.Why is Mrs. Griffin going to the city where the hotel is located?A.He is on holiday.B.He’s on a business tripC.He is going to a conference.10. How many times has Mrs. Griffin stayed at the Sunrise Hotel?A. Twice.B. Once.C. Three times.11. Where is Mrs. Griffin form?A. Canada.B. New Zealand.C. Australia.12. What is Mrs. Griffin’s passport number?A.B.C.13. What kind of room does Mrs. Griffin want?A. A single room for two nights.B. A double room for two nights.C. A single room for one night.14. When will Mrs. Griffin arrive at Sunrise Hotel?A. at 9:15 pmB. at 9:35 pmC. at 10:00 pm15. What food will be put into Mrs. Griffin’s room?A. a sandwich with fries.B. a cheese sandwich.C. a burger with chips.Section C (5Marks)16. What does the Associated Press ask editor and news directors to do?A. vote for the top stories of the year.B. describe the oil spill in the Gulf of MexicoC. writes about the 11 workers killed in the explosion17. Where are the doctors and technology experts from?A. New York.B. LondonC. Tokyo18. For how long does President Obama agree to extend the tax cuts?A. for four yearsB. for three yearsC. for two years.19. How many people in the world don’t have enough to eat,according to the report?A. more than one billion.B. some six hundred million.C. nearly nine hundred million20. What have astronomers recently discovered?A. there are unknown plants in older galaxies.B. there are many galaxies in the universeC. there are a lot more red dwarf in older galaxiesSection D (10 marks)In the section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. Remember to write the answer on the answer sheetWhat do you do if you don’t get your first choice un iversity? This ____ faces thousands of British every year. Many such_____ turn to Clearing, a service that helps find university places for students at the last moment. If they don’t have the marks to get into their____, Clearing tells them about places available at other university, though they might have to read a difficult subject.This year has seen a record number of people applying to university. This, combined with the _____________________,an uncertain job market, and budget cuts at university, product even more of a scramble for places than usual. Some sources say six students have applied for each remaining___________________________ placeThe British University Admissions Service, UCAS, says up to a quarter of this year’s university applicants-almost 190000 people-have not been admitted intoa____________________________. That is an increase of over 46000 students from last year.Faced with these figure, some British students might consider an interesting alternative:_____________________________. The University of Nottingham for is offering place at its campuses in Ningbo, near Shanghai, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Students at these institutions can earn University of Nottingham degrees, according, engineering and English. Similarly, the University of Bolton says it has unlimited places at its campus in the United Arab Emirates.To deal with these problems, the UK’s Higher Education Minister, David Willet’s, is encouraging students who have not made the grade to consider alternatives to university, such as_______________________and studying at home.“There are arrange of options available, “he says. “people can reapply next year, s o they should consider spending this year in a way that will add positively to their CVs. Getting_____________________or other skills will strengthen their chances next year.” Some commentators say, though that rising university costs, poor long-term_______________________, and a drop in graduate recruitment mean this the worst time to be a university student in the UK.Part Two Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks )There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.31.After four days of talks, we are glad to announce that the union and management have reached an____A__. The agreement is fair and benefits both sides.A.accordB. accomplishmentC. identityD. undertaking32.As the clerk__B___prepared my milk shake, I wondered how long she had been working there ,mindlessly making ice cream treats in a set order of steps.A.logicallyB. methodicallyC. graphicallyD. synthetically33. As a boy he wanted to be a fireman. As a high school student, he thought he'd like to become a teacher. Now he___C___to be nothing more than a janitor.A.AssumesB. PrescribesC. AspiresD. Presumes34. Regardless of what caused it, I an grateful that have finally reached a point in mylife__B_____I can appreciate my strengths, accept my weaknesses and try to be comfortable with everything in between.A.WhyB. WhereC. WhichD. What35. _C_____information provided by members of the public, the police would have a much move difficult job.A.SupposingB. Provided theC. If it were not forD. On condition that36.Peter Brown was a painstaking writer;_D___, he once spent half a day on the composition of a single sentence.A.On the other handB. NeverthelessC. MoreoverD. For example37.----What an I going to do about a present for Carol?----You_C_____some flowers.A.Might have sent herB. Must have sent herC. Could send herD. Would send her38.Without the air holding in some of the sun's heat, the earth_B_____cold at night, too cold for us to live on.A.Will be freezingB. Would be freezingC. An be frozenD. Would be frozen39.The students in our university each__A____an English dictionary. That is to say, each of the students in our university______an English dictionary.A.Have; hasB. Have; haveC. Has; haveD. Has; has40.Here's your kitchen. I hope you enjoy cooking here. Is there__B____else that you need?A.SomethingB. AnythingC. NothingD. Everything41.David_____C_his business partner over plans to reduce the workforce.A.Came down toB. Broke down toC. Fell out withD. Went along with42.___A___is this piece of equipment to be removed from the building.A.On no accountB. AbsolutelyC. ScarcelyD. Not at all43.Helen' s parents were_C_____that she was still on the job., but she had resigned.A.In doubtB. Of the opinionC. Under the impressionD. With suspicion44.----I don't think I will ever, in my life, win a lottery of five million dollars.----Well, _____D. Anything can happen.A.You made itB. You're kiddingC. What you sayD. You can never tell45.-----How did you find the concert in the Grand Theatre last night?-----____B__ but the conductor was perfect.A.I couldn't agree moreB. I didn't think much of itC. I was crazy about itD. I really likedPart Three Cloze(15 marks )I have been reading a lot on my iPad recently, and I have some (46)____complaints_ (complain) not about the iPad itself but about the state of digital reading generally. Reading is a subtle thing,and its subtleties are artifacts of a venerable medium: words printed in ink on paper. Glass and pixels aren't the same.When I read a physical book, I don't have to look anywhere else to find out how much I've read. The iPad e---reader, iBooks tries to create the (47) illu___remain of a physical book. The pages seem to turn, and I can the edges of those that remain, but it's fake. There are always exactly six unturned pages, no matter (48)____where_ I am in the book.Also, there is a larger problem. Books in their digital format look vastly less "finished", or less genuine than real books. You can vary their font and type size, but this only makes them(49)___resemble_(resemble) word---processed---no matter how (50)wretched___(wretch) or wonderful they are---will never look as good as Robert Hass's poems in the print edition of The Apple Trees at Olema. But your poems can look almost exactly as ugly---as "e---book---like" ---as the Kindle version of that collection.All the e---book I've read have been ugly---books by Chang---rae Lee, Alvin Kernan, and Stieg Larsson---though the texts have been wonderful. I didn't grow up reading texts. I grew up reading books, and this(51)___difference__(differ) is important.When it comes to digital editions, the(52)_assumption____(assume) seems to be that all books(53)are___created_ _(create) equal. However, nothing could be further from the truth. In the mass migration from print to digital, we're seeing a profusion of digital books---many of them out of copyright---that look new and even "HD," but which may well have been supplanted by more accurate editions and better translations. We need a digital readers' guide---a place where readers can find(54)__out__ whether the book they're about to download is the best available edition.(55)Fi__nally___, two related problems. I already have a personal library, but most of the books I've read have come from(56)__lending___(lend) libraries. Barnes & Noble has released ane---reader that allows short---term (57) ____borrowing_(borrow) of some books. The entire idea behind Amazon's Kindle and Apple's iBooks assumes that you cannot read a book unless you own it first and that only you can read it unless you want to give your reading device to someone else. This goes against the social value of reading, the collective knowledge and(58)___collaborative__(collaborate) discourse that comes from access to (59)__shared_or our culture in general.Part Four Reading Comprehension (40 marks).Section A (10 marks ).Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Not keen on reading? Do you have trouble finding a novel that arouses your interest? Why not follow Ammon Shea's example and start reading a dictionary?Mr Shea owns over 1,000 dictionaries and he reads them for fun. He recently spent a year reading all 20 volumes of the Oxford English Dictionary. The dictionary contains more than 20,000 pages and over 59 million words.As he read from A to Z, he noted down interesting words in a ledger. This includes words such as "happify," meaning to make someone happy and "tripudiate", which means to dance, skip or leap for joy. Mr Shea also kept a diary about this experience, which has since become abest---selling book.Why did he do this? He claims it was fun. "I've always enjoyed reading dictionaries . They are far more interesting than people give then credit for," he said.It appears that it was not his goal to sound more intelligent by using longer and more complex words. "I'm not against long, fancy or obscure words, but I'm opposed to using then for their own sake," he said.In fact ,as a result of reading so many new words , Mr Shea often forgot everyday vocabulary. He wrote, "My head was so full of words that I often had trouble forming simple sentences."Mr Shea is not alone in his love of reading Higgleton, a representative of Collins Cbuild dictionaries, explained that thousands of crossword puzzle and Srabble fans read dictionaries for fun and to improve their games. Ms Higgleton did however note that, "It's probably not the best way to learn English ,and you'd learn more than you need." It is not known how many of the 59 million words Ms Shea remembers, but he has certainly made history with his eccentric hobby.Questions 61 to 65.Decide whether the following statements are True or False.61.Mr Shea has read62.Mr Shea spent one month reading the Oxford English63.In Mr Shea's opinion,people don't give dictionaries enough credit for being64.Mr Shea thinks it is important t be able to use long and complicated words in everyday65.Elaine Higgleton thinks that reading a dictionary is the best way to learnSection B (10 marks)Questions 66 to 70are based on the following passage.Surfing is something people often get hooked on after trying it a few times. For many surfers it is much more than a hobby---they would probably agree with the American professional surfer Kelly Slater when he said,"Once you're in, you're in. There's no getting out.""Surfing", of course, refers to riding on ocean waves using a surfboard. Many surfers stand up on their boards, which requires god balance and is therefore difficult for most beginners to learn, but some lie down and "bodyboard"The history of surfing probably began with the Polynesian people of the Pacific Islands. One of the first white people to see anyone surfing was the British explorer Captain Gook, when his ship arrived in Hawaii in 1779. He watched many Hawaiians riding waves on large pieces of wood, and reported that, "Surfing seems to give them a feeling of great pleasure. "When surfing started to become very popular in the United States in the 1950's and 60s, surfers used large wooden boards (often more than three metres long) that were quite heavy. Boards today are shorter and also much lighter, because they are made of artificial materials instead of wood. For anyone who wants to try surfing. The only essentials are waves and a board. There are a few other things, however, that most surfers find important; a cord t attach one of their ankles to the board and therefore stop it from being carried a long way away when they fall off'; wax, which they put on the surface of the board to help their feet stick to it; and a wetsuit to help them keep warm in cold water. The south---west of English is an example of a place where surfers usually need wetsuits, even in summer.Surfing has been a professional sport for many yeara and the very best surfers are able to make a living from it. Most of the best professional surfers in the last 30 years, both men and women, have been American or Australian, but surfers from Brazil, Peru and South Africa have also wonimportant competitions.Questions 66 to 70Answer the following questions with the information given in the assage in a maximum of 10 words for each question.66.Why do most beginners find it difficult t stand up on a surfboard?Because standing up on their boards requires god balance .67.In what part of the world did surfing probably begin?The Polynesian people of the Pacific Islands.68.When did surfing start to become very popular in the United States?In the 1950's and 60s69.What do surfers use wax for?To help their feet stick to the board70.According to the passage, in what part of the world do surfers usually need wetsuits?In the southwest of EnglandSection C (10 marks)Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.The latest human development report from the United Nations Development Programmed (UNDP) contains some good news, but also a very serious warning about the threat posed y climate change.The report, published annually since 1990, seeks to asses “human development” around the world, and calculates a “Human Development Index (HDI) for 169 counties. The HDI is based on average income, life expectancy and level of education in a country. Not surprisingly, rich counties tend to have higher HDIs than poor counties, but there are interesting variations in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, because some have better health and education systems than others.According to the 2010 report, the county with the highest level of human development is Norway, followed by Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Ireland. Most of the lowest HDIs belong to counties in sub-Saharan Africa.Almost all counties around the worlds have higher HDIs now than in 1990, despite thefact that since the 2008 financial crisis, the total number of people living in extreme poverty has increased. The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are better educated and have access to more goods and services. Even in countries with severe economic problems, people’s level of health and education as generally improved. Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile in terms of human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is critical, however, of the fact economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.The greatest threat to improving HDIs in the future, according to the report, is climate change. Economic growth increases average incomes in a country through increasing production and consumption. However , if this leads to greater emissions of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warning will probably accelerate, and cause severe environmental problem s in some parts of the world hat will threaten the livelihoods of huge numbers f people. The progress of the last twenty years, therefore, might not be sustainable.The only solution, according to the report, I to break the link between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions-which, needless to say, is easier, said than done.Questions 71 to 75Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage in a maximum of 10 words for each blank.71. The concept of “human development” is based on the following three factors: _____ average income, ____ life expectancy _______and___ level of education72. Some countries with similar levels of economic development have quite different HDIs because they have_______ better health and education systems than others.______.The financial crisis,__has caused the number of people living in extreme poverty to increase since 2008.74. The report says that _______ climate change______ is the greatest threat to increasing HDIs in the future.75. The report says the link between_____ economic growth _____ and ________ greenhouse gas emissions-____needs to be broken.Section D (10 marks)Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passageIt is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises: that they talk too much about certain problems-and that they have no sense o humor, at least parent-child relationships.I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were young.Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes, hairstyles, entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted, so they create a culture and society and their own. Then, if it turns out that their music, entertainers, vocabulary, clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes teenagers are resistant and proud because they do not want their parents to approve of what they do. If they did approve, it looks as if the teenager is betraying his own age group. All this is assuming that the teenager is the underdog: he can not win but at least he can keep his honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after years of childhood, when children were completely under their parent’s control, but it ignores the fact that when they become teenagers, children are beginning to be responsible for themselves.If you plan to control your life, co-operation should be a part of that plan. You can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can also impress people with your of responsibility and your initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.Questions 76 to 78Choose the best answer according to the passage.76 the first paragraph is mainly about______A_______.A teenagers’ criticism of their parentsB misunderstanding between teenagers and their parentsC the dominance of parents over their childrenD teenagers’ ability to deal with crises77 teenagers have strange clothes and hairstyles because they____B_______A have a strong desire to be leaders in style and tasteB want to prove their existence by creating a culture of their ownC have no other way to enjoy themselvesD want to irritate their parent78 teenagers do not want their parents to approve of what they do because they_____D__________.A have already been accepted into adult worldB feel that they are superior to adult worldC want to win adults over to their cultureD don’t want to appear to be disloyal to their own age groupQuestion 79 to 80Translate the sentences in the passage into Chinese79 I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were youn我认为父母经常低估他们十几岁的孩子，同时也忘记他们年轻时候的感受。

2003年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题2003 National English Contest for College Students（Preliminary）Part I Listening Comprehension（30 minutes，30 points）Section A Dialogues（10 points）Directions：In this section ，you will hear 10 short dialogues．At the end of each dialogue，a question will be asked about what was said．Both the dialogue and the question will be read only once．After each question there will be a pause．during the pause，you must read the four choices marked A，B，C and D，and decide which is the best answer．Then m ark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center．1．A．A sales clerk．B．A police officer．C．A tailor．D．A nurse．2．A．By train．B．She walks．C．By car．D．By bus．3．A．Fish is the only dish left．B．Chicken is the only dish left．C．Vegetarian meals are not offered．D．There aren't any vegetarian meals left．4．A．He starts work next weekend．B．He'll be away．C．He'll be in the mountains．D．He's moving to Florida．5．A．In an elevator．B．At a dress store．C．On the seventh floor．D．At a department store．6．A．They felt it was disorganized．B．They were pleased with its Asian content．C．They felt it lacked Asian content．D．They felt it ignored recent events．7．A．He doesn't have enough time．B．He doesn't have a watch．C．The library doesn't have the articles he wants．D．He can't find the library．8．A．He wants the woman to dine out with them．B．He wants to work tomorrow．C．He wants the woman to finish dinner first．D．He wants to pay for the dinner．9．A．Twice a day．B．Twice a week．C．Once a week．D．Daily．10．A．At two o'clock．B．At four o'clock．C．At three thirty．D．At eight o'clock．Section B News Items（10 points）Directions：In this section，you will hear 10 pieces of short news from BBC or VOA．There will be a question following each piece of news．Write down the answer to each question in no more than 15 words．11．_______________________________________12．_______________________________________13．_______________________________________14．_______________________________________15．_______________________________________16．_______________________________________17．_______________________________________18．_______________________________________19．_______________________________________20．_______________________________________Section C Compound Dictation（10 points）Directions：In this section，you will hear a passage three times．When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea．Then listen to the passage again．When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 21 to 28 with the exact words you have just heard．For blanks numbered from 29 to 30，you are required to fill in the missing information．You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words．Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written and rewrite the correct answers on the Answer Sheet．Although general Motors and General Electric are large multinational companies with operations around the globe，there are numerous smaller companies that engage in international trade．Because 95percent of the world's population and two-thirds of its (21)_____ power are located outside the United States，it is important for American (22)_____to be present in foreign markets．However，before we explain the different methods by which a company may (23)_____in international trade，we might first consider some important (24)_____that U.S．companies often fail to study before they sell products in a foreign country．These factors are (25)_____with differences in language，in values and attitudes，and in political (26)_____．When (27)_____Coca-Cola into the Chinese market in 1920，the company used a group of Chinese symbols that，when spoken，sounded like Coca-Cola．However，when read，these symbols meant，“a female horse fattened with wax”．Upon reentering the Chinese market in the 1970s，Coca-Cola used a series of Chinese (28)_____that translates into“happiness in the mouth”．(29)_________________________．Culture is the total pattern of human behavior that is practiced by a particular group of people．(30)_________________________．Part II V ocabulary and Structure（15 minutes，30 points）Section A Multiple Choice（20 points）Directions：Questions 31-50 constitute a complete passage．There are 20blanks in the passage．For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．31．Senior Metropolitan police officers tried to dismiss the Noting Hill race riots which raged for five nights over the August bank holiday in 1958 as the work of“ruffians ，both colored and white”hell-bent on hooliganism ，according to _____ official files．A．recent revealed B．newly releasedC．previous disclosing D．earlier exposing32．But police eyewitness reports in the secret papers_____ that they were overwhelmingly the work of a white working class mob out to get the“niggers”．A．contain B．convinceC．consist D．confirm33．The ferocity of the Noting Hill“racial riots”，as the press called them at the time，shocked Britain into_____ for the first time that it was not above the kind of racial conflict then being played out in the American deep south．A．realizing B．witnessingC．watching D．identifying34．The carnival，which will_____ the streets of west London _____more than 1.5 million people this weekend，was started in 1959 as a direct response to the riots．A．crowd；of B．pour；forC．fill；with D．emerge；in35．While senior officers tried to play down the racial aspects of the riots，the internal Metropolitan police files released this month at the public record office confirm that the disturbances were overwhelmingly _____ by 300 to 400 strong“Keep Britain White”mobs ，many of them Teddy boys armed with iron bars ，butcher's knives and weighted leather belts，who went“nigger-hunting”among the West Indian residents of Noting Hill and Noting Dale．A．erupted B．commencedC．triggered D．inaugurated36．The first night left five black men _____ on the pavements of Noting Hill．A．lying unconscious B．there diedC．feel faint D．serious hurt37．The battles raged over the bank holiday weekend as the black _____responded in kind with counterattacks by large groups of“men of color”similarly armed．A．column B．armyC．brigade D．community38．Thomas Williams was stopped by the police as he came out of Bluey's Club on Talbot Road，Noting Hill．He _____a piece of iron down his left trouser leg，a petrol bomb in his right pocket and a razor blade in his inside breast pocket：“I have to protect myself，”he told the arresting officer．A．found to have B．was found to haveC．found having D．was found having39．The _____ files，which were sealed under the 75-year rule but have been released early，show that senior officers tried to convince the then home secretary，“Rab”Butler，that there was not a racial element to the rioting．A．forbidden B．confidentialC．incredible D．strict40．In his official report，Detective Sergeant M.Walters of the Notting Hill police said the national press had been wrong to portray the“widespread series of street disturbances”as“racial”riots：“Whereas there certainly was some _____ feeling between white and colored residents in this area，it is abundantly clear much of the trouble was caused by ruffians，both colored and white，who seized on this opportunity to indulge in hooliganism ．”A．ill B．sickC．painful D．hurt41．But the police witness statements and private statistics _____ ．A．told differently B．interpreted in a different wayC．existed m any differences D．told a different story42．The Met com missioner was told that _____ the 108people who were charged with offences ranging from grievous bodily harm to affray and riot and possessing offensive weapons，72 were white and 36 were “colored”．A．for B．fromC．of D．in43．It is popularly believed that the riot began on the night of Saturday，August 20，when a 400-strong crowd of white men，_____“Teds”，attacked houses occupied by West Indians．A．they are all B．many of themC．some were D．most of them belong to44．Among the _____ was Majbritt Morrison ，a young white Swedish bride of a Jamaican．A．offenders B．riotersC．victims D．residents45．She was pelted with stones，glass and wood，and _____ in the back with an iron bar as she tried to get home．A．bruised B．struckC．patted D．scratched46．The internal police witness statements provide graphic evidence of the motives of the mobs—at one point crowds several thousand strong roamed the streets of Notting Hill，_____ homes and attacking any West Indian they could find．A．plunging into B．breaking intoC．seeking for D．searching for47．PC Richard Bedford said he had seen a mob of 300 to 400 white people in Bramley Road _____：“We will kill all black bastards．Why don't you send them home？”A．shouting B．to cryC．utter D．announced48．PC Ian McQueen on the same night said he was told：“Mind your own _____，cops．Keep out of it．We will settle these niggers our way．We'll murder the bastards．”A．matters B．affairC．things D．business49．The disturbances continued night after night until they finally petered out on September 5．At the Old Bailey Judge Salmon later handed down exemplary _____ of four years each on nine white youths who had gone“nigger hunting”．A．decisions B．statementsC．trials D．sentences50．While those dealt with by the courts were overwhelmingly white ，the large number of black people also arrested and the official _____ there had not been a racial motive ensured a legacy of black mistrust of the Metropolitan police that has never really been eradicated．A．persistence B．perseveranceC．insistence D．instanceSection B Error Correction（10points）Directions：The following passage contains 9 errors．In each case only one word is involved．You should proofread the passage on the Answer Sheet and correct it in the following way：EXAMPLEOne night，quite late，I was still awake in the room I am shared with 1. ammy husband．I was lying on my right side and can hear a child crying． 2. couldGetting up，I went ∧see if our son was all right． 3. toHe was sleeping soundly，breathing deeply and gently． 4. √The ZipperWhatever did we do before the invention of the zipper？In 1893 the world's first zipper was produced in Chicago．Although the inventor claimed that it was a reliable fasteningfor clothing，this was not the case．The Chicago zipper sprang 51．______open without warning，or jammed shut，and it swiftly lostpopularity．Twenty years ago a Swedish-born engineer called 52．______Sundback solved the problem．He attached tiny cups to thebacks of the interlocked teeth，and this meant that the teeth 53．______could be enmeshed more firmly and reliably．At first zippers were made of metal．They were heavy，andif they got stuck it was difficult to free．Then came nylon 54．______zippers which were lighter and easier to use，and had smallerteeth．The fashion industry liked the new zippers far betterbecause they didn’t distort the line of the garment or weighing 55．______down light fabrics．They were also easier for the machiniststo fit into the garment．Meanwhile a new fastening agent made its appearance atthe end of the twenty century: velcro. Velcro is another product 56．______made from nylon．Nylon is a very tough synthetic fibre firstdeveloped in the 1930s，and bearing a name to mind the wearer 57．______of the two places where it was developed：NY for New York andLON for London．Velcro is made with very small nylon hooks onone side of the fastening which caught tiny looped whiskers on the 58．______other side of the fastening．It is strong and durable．Velcro is used on clothing，luggages and footwear．It is quick 59．______and easy to fasten and unfasten，and has taken a large part ofthe zipper's share of the market．It is also used in ways a zippercannot be used—for instance as an easily changed fastening onplaster casts，and to hold furnishing fabrics in a position．60．______Part III Situational Dialogues（5 minutes，10 points）Directions：Complete the following dialogues by choosing the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．61．Rob：Hey Jill，you're looking great．Jill：Thanks，Rob．____________Rob：Well，you did it．How？Jill：I jog every morning，and I go to aerobics every other day．A．I bought this dress yesterday．Really smart．B．You are looking fine too．C．I'm recovering my strength after the flu．D．My New Year's resolution was to get in shape．62．Bob：Hi Jane．How are you？Jane：____________I didn't sleep a wink last night．The people next door were making a lot of noise again till very late at night．A．I'm feeling a bit out of sorts this morning．B．Fine，thank you．And you？C．I slept like a log and didn't want to get out of bed．D．It seems a bit unusual，you know．63．Ann ：Aah！He's gorgeous！Look at those big，golden paws．When did you get him？Roger：Yesterday．____________Ann ：Oh，right．What kind is she？Roger：A Labrador．A．Susan's got a more beautiful one．B．What's up？C．It's a she actually．D．Isn't it right？64．Tina：Wow，look at all the things on sale．____________Andrew：Yes，look，this shirt is 50 ％off．Tina：And look at these shoes．They are 30 ％off the normal price．A．I'd like to buy a skirt．B．There are some real bargains．C．Are the prices reasonable？D．These shoes are the same as mine．65．Woman：Have you finished the packaging？Man ：____________Woman：Good．Because the truck will be coming soon，this is a rush job．A．Don't hurry m or I'll break the glass．B．Almost．I just have to wrap the glass and put it into boxes．C．No，I haven't．Why didn't you help me with it？D．Yes，I have．What else can I do for you？66．Customs Officer ：________________________Mrs．John son ：No，nothing at all．Customs Officer ：No perfume，alcohol or cigarettes？Mrs．John son ：Well，I have 200 cigarettes；that's all．A．Do you have anything in the bag，ma'am？B．Do you have anything to declare，ma'am？C．Do you want to buy something，ma'am？D．Is there anything I can do for you，ma'am？67．Linda：Hello．I'd like to send this package，please．Clerk：____________________________________Linda：First class．How long will that take？Clerk：About three days．A．How would you like to send it？B．Which class are you in？C．Where do you want to send it to？D．Which class is it in？68．Assistant：Can I help you？Colin ：Yes，it's about this sports shirt．I washed it the other day．The colour ran and it shrank．Assistant：Oh dear，I see．________________________Colin ：I'm afraid not．Assistant：I'm sorry，but I'm not allowed to change anything without a receipt．A．Did you buy it here？B．Would you want to change it？C．Do you have the receipt？D．Could you tell me who sold it to you？69．James：Could I have my bill，please？Can I pay by credit card or eurocheque？Receptionist：____________James：I'll pay by credit card，then．Receptionist：That's fine．I hope you enjoyed your stay here．A．Here's your bill．B．Sorry，we don't take credit card．C．You can pay by eurocheque．D．Yes，we take both．70．Husband：When is our anniversary？Wife：________________________Husband：No，it's just that I bought these flowers for you and I was hoping today was the day．A．Hmm ．．．I can't remember either．Why？B．Hey，are these flowers for me？C．Who cares？Do you want to give me a surprise？D．Are you joking？Have you really forgotten again？Part IV Reading Comprehension（25 minutes，40 points）Section A Multiple Choice（10 points）Directions：There is one reading passage in this part．The passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage：Taking a peep at what's going on in your headCARL Filer，18，a star salesman at a B＆Q hardware store in the UK，was called up for promotion within one week of starting work．But，instead of being made supervisor，he was sacked—after his employers saw the results of his psychometric test．You might think that anyone who answers that he“strongly disagrees he is an over-achiever is asking for trouble，but Mr Filer already thought he had proved himself more than capable．This year，nearly half of UK firms—46 percent—will use psychometric tests to select trainees，compared with just 17 percent in 2000，according to a report for GTI，a publisher of graduate career guides．These tests，which rate candidates’ability and gauge their personality，have been used in the UK since the 1980s．But assorted studies have shown most people—graduates in particular—are wholly cynical about the idea of their personality being“measured．“People tend to see them as either too silly or too clever， says Clive Fletcher，professor of occupational psychology at University of London．“But all the evidence indicates the tests do have some value．The first personality test as we know it，was developed by the American army in 1917 to filter outweak recruits．But it was not until the 1980s that the tests became popular in Britain．With a rising number of graduates going for a decreasing number of jobs，organizations began to see psychometric testing as a cheap，reliable alternative to the expensive，time-consuming interview．But today the tests are becoming alarmingly sophisticated and are edging towards probing the “dark side：pathology and personality disorders．Increasingly，tests are being used to try to detect promising young graduates who may，later in life，fly off the rails（go crazy）；or to stop psychopaths（having mental disorder）getting recruited．In the future，interviewees could even be given a mouth swab to reveal the genetic and biological markers of personality．“We are heading for the era of genetic screening，”warns Carolyn Jones，of the Institute for Employment Rights．“I think these tests are very flawed．And there are other problems with the tests．For starters，it is possible to fake it—even the test producers agree on this．But they have made it as hard as possible．For example，look at whether you agree or disagree with the following two statements：“New ideas come easily to me and“I find generating new concepts difficult．How long did it take you to realize they both could mean the same thing？The main argument，however，is that the tests are invalid and cannot quantify（put a numerical value on）something as changeable as personality．The golden rule is then，that a psychometric test should never be used as the sole basis of selection，but should always be followed by interviews．71．Most people's attitude towards the psychometric test is ______．A．contemptuous B．favorable C．tolerant D．confounded72．Which of the following is one of the reasons why psychometric testing wins an advantage over interviews？A．It doesn't cost any money．B．It requires no equipment．C．It is time-saving．D．It can be done within seconds．73．Which of the following statements is the author's idea？A．Psychometric tests are defective．B．Psychometric tests should not be the only way to recruit promising young graduates．C．Psychometric tests are invalid and cannot quantify something changeable as personality．D．Psychometric tests are golden rules．74．The test producers make the tests very complicated to ______．A．avoid cheating B．improve genetic screeningC．find out the best ideas D．generate new concepts75．Which of the following is not true according to the passage？A．The American army developed the first personality test to screen out weak recruits．B．In the future，interviewers could give a mouth swab to reveal interviewees’symptoms．C．There are possibilities for starters to cheat in the psychometric tests．D．Interviews still play an important role in evaluating interviewees．Section B Short Answer Questions（30 points）Directions：In this part there are 3 passages with 15 questions or incomplete statements．Read the passages carefully．Then answer the questions in the fewest possible words（not exceeding 10 words）．Remember to rewrite the answers on the Answer Sheet．Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage：The 8 Steps of Social Invention1．Get ready to play．Like other types of creativity，social inventiveness flourishes when you begin thinking outside conventional boundaries．Charlie Girsch，a St．Paul，Minnesota-based creativity consultant，suggests that you start by playing with obviously absurd explanations for everyday events．“If traffic is slow，you'll be tem pted to say，‘Hmm．Must be an accident up ahead．’Instead，try saying，‘Must be a family of turtles crossing the highway’or‘I expect there's some kind of alien abduction going on．’You'll be amazed how soon you will be looking at familiar problems in new ways．”Girsch's book，Fanning the Creative Spirit（Creativity Central，1999）has scores of other exercises for limbering up the inventive part of your brain．2．Generate a zillion far-fetched ideas．Concerned about the homeless in your neighborhood？Imagine a Homeless Parliament，a Homeless Circus，homeless families forming an orchestra，a homeless museum ．．．and on and on．Generate like mad with no regard for feasibility in order，as social invention pioneer Nicholas Albery advises，to“overcome e worthy-but-dull ideas．”Eventually the two or three best ideas will begin to stand out．3．Take your wildest idea and bring it down to earth．How about that Homeless Circus？Could it turn into a forum for homeless people to display their creative talents？A performance series about homelessness？A neighborhood carnival with the homeless as guests of honor？Your flakiest idea may have a germ of brilliance that actually makes it more attractive，and thus more feasible（and fundable），than its worthy-but-dull cousins．4．Look for in venations that solve more than one problem．The Slow Food Movement，born in Italy，boosts local farmers and regional cuisine traditions and restaurateurs and the same time that it“feeds”our hunger for authentic tastes，healthy eating，and a more leisurely，saner style of life．5．Accentuate the positive．“A very common question that I get when I work with people in communities is‘Why doesn't anybody care about our problems？’”notes M chael Patterson，a social inventor and activist in Massachusetts．“What a worthless question．‘Why’？questions are for philosophers．Ask ‘How’？and‘What’？questions—they are a lot more practical．”For instance，Patterson asks，“What would you do if you knew you couldn't fail？”6．Give it a rest．Walk away from your favorite idea for a while，forget about it，let it sleep．With your conscious mind out of the way，your subconscious gets to fiddle with the concept for a while，and you just might have an unexpected insight or breakthrough．7．Practice“yes and”in stead of“yes but”．No matter how tempted you are to say“Yes，but this will be hard because，”or“Yes，but a million other people are doing this，”shift the conjunction to“and”and see what sort of positive refinement or change emerges．“Yes，and we could concentrate on immigrants．”“Yes，and we can make it open to all ages．”8．Get your idea into the world．This is the tough part．You might seek out the help of activists who will take a shine to your ideas．Or become an organizer yourself．Paul Glove，a New York social inventor，coun-sels：“If you have an idea you believe in，write a pamphlet with your phone number on it and post it inLaundromats and bookstores．If three people call you，have lunch with them and call yourselves an organization．If five people call，meet with them and issue a press release．”Presto，you're launched．76．To generate far-fetched ideas helps to ______．77．Michael Patterson wants us to come up with“How”？and“What”？instead of“Why”？questions because he considers they are more practical than ______．78．The purpose to practice“yes and”instead of“yes but”is to make yourself more ______．79．According to the article，when one has difficulty developing his favorite idea，he should ______．80．One should not only generate far-fetched ideas but also ______ because the latter step is the nearest to reality．Questions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage：Thin Slice of TV Has Big MarketIt is too early to write an obituary for bulky picture tubes，which will remain the most affordable TV sets for years to come．But，analysts and industry executives insist that thin screens already have started to become the dominant format for TV sets in the digital era．Sharp price cuts have brought plasma sets and other thin，flat televisions out of high-end electronic boutiques and into thousands of mass-market outlets such as Cosco，a wholesale buying club in the US，best known for offering members bulk items and big discounts．The least expensive plasma sets still cost a hefty US ＄3，000or more ，yet sales are growing so rapidly that many manufacturers are racing to boost production．That increase，combined with expanding production capacity and improved technology，could push the price of plasma sets down by one-third next year，according to analyst Richard Doherty of Envisioneering Group，a US research firm．But manufacturers are not just competing with each other；they are also trying to fend off challenges from competing thin-screen technologies，such as liquid crystal displays（LCD）．The demand for thin screens is fuelled in part by the advent of DVDs and digital TV broadcasts，which offer more detailed pictures and more lifelike colors than conventional analog TV signals．To see the difference，consumers need a set that can pack more information onto the screen than their current TVs can．This sharpness is most vivid on screens that are 40inches diagonal or larger．At that size，however，traditional direct view and projection TVs are so bulky that many consumers have trouble finding a place for them at home．Hence the interest in thin screens—models slender and light enough to hang on a wall．The glass panels at the heart of plasma and LCD sets come mainly from about a dozen companies with factories in Japan，South Korea and，increasingly，China．About 800，000 plasma panels will be shipped this year around the world，analysts say．That is a tiny amount compared with the overall market for TVs，which was about 140 million sets last year．But，industry experts said 2003would be a“breakout year”or plasma because shipments should double．Helping drive the growth are new or expanded manufacturing facilities．For example，Japanese electronics giant NEC last year doubled the capacity of its Japanese factory—reaching 300，000to 400，000 plasma panels．And it plans to double it again in 2003，officials said．As competition has heated up during the last four years，prices have fallen more than 50 percent．According to“NPD Tec world”，the average price of a plasma display sold in the US dropped from US ＄12，700in January 1999 to US ＄6，100in October 2002．The best markets for plasma screens have been in Asia，and about half of the sets have gone to businesses instead of homes．LCD TVs carry a premium price—they can be 10 times as expensive as a comparable tube-driven television—that knocks them out of most buyers’budgets．But LCD panels are quickly taking over the market for computer monitors，and the tens of millions of panels being produced for that segment will help push down prices for LCD TVs，analysts predicted．Sharp Electronics，for one，is betting heavily on LCDs．Its chairman，Toshiaki Urushisako，has predicted that Sharp will switch completely from conventional tube sets to LCD TVs in Japan by 2005．Flat-panel refers to wafer-thin（3 inches or less）TVs，whereas flat-screen may actually describe traditional cathode-ray-tube sets（CRTs）whose glass front lacks the distorting curve that TVs have had for 50 years．Be aware of two things：One，flat-panel technology may not be high-definition TV；for eventual HDTV reception，some of these sets will require a separate HD tuner．Two，some flat-panel TVs are just the panel and lack speakers and sometimes a built-in tuner．Price range：US ＄700－2，000LCD vs plasmaIn general，LCD technology is used for smaller screens because of the enormous number of transistors needed to turn the glasslike liquid crystals into color images．The larger the display，the more transistors，the more chance of failed connections．A plasma screen is found in TV sets larger than 20 inches．Color is comparable to an LCD's．LCDs do not deteriorate over time，while a plasma display averages 30，000 hours（a traditional TV screen can go for 20，000），after which it fades over a period of years．Earlier problems with the quality of plasma's contrast have been addressed，and current screens are cleaner and better defined．Price range：US ＄600－2，800HDTVSimply put，high-definition TV is 10 times as sharp as traditional TV，and the sound is digital，like CD sound，not FM ，which is what traditional TV provides．HD technology achieves its visual clarity with more immage lines on the screen．Where analog TVs have 480 horizontal lines，HDTV has 720 or 1，080lines．Be aware ：m any HDTV sets being sold now are in fact only HDTV monitors ，offering a crisp picture ．To receive genuine high-definition television signals，owners must buy a separate HDTV receiver．Price range：US ＄1，000－6，000LOS ANGELEST IMES81．According to the article，TV sets with _____will still be the most popular in the coming years．82．The factors that stimulate the thin screens to be more and more popular include _____，_____，and_____．83．The rapidly expanding market for LCD panels and their large-scale production will help lower _____．。

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part Four Reading Comprehension (40 marks).Section A (10 marks ).Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Not keen on reading? Do you have trouble finding a novel that arouses your interest? Why not follow Ammon Shea’s example and start reading a dictionary?Mr Shea owns over 1,000 dictionaries and he reads them for fun. He recently spent a year reading all 20 volumes of the Oxford English Dictionary. The dictionary contains more than 20,000 pages and over 59 million words.As he read from A to Z, he noted down interesting words in a ledger. This includes words such as "happify," meaning to make someone happy and "tripudiate", which means to dance, skip or leap for joy. Mr Shea also kept a diary about this experience, which has since become a best---selling book.Why did he do this? He claims it was fun. "I’ve always enjoyed reading dictionaries . They are far more interesting than people give then credit for," he said.It appears that it was not his goal to sound more intelligent by using longer and more complex words. "I’m not against long, fancy or obscure words, but I’m opposed to using then for their own sake," he said.In fact ,as a result of reading so many new words , Mr Shea often forgot everyday vocabulary. He wrote, "My head was so full of words that I often had trouble forming simple sentences."Mr Shea is not alone in his love of reading dictionaries.Elaine Higgleton, a representative of Collins Cbuild dictionaries, explained that thousands of crossword puzzle and Srabble fans read dictionaries for fun and to improve their games. Ms Higgleton did however note that, "It’s probably not the best way to learn English ,and you’d learn more than you need." It is not known how many of the 59 million words Ms Shea remembers, but he has certainly made history with his eccentric hobby.Questions 61 to 65.Decide whether the following statements are True or False.61. Mr Shea has read 1.000 dictionaries.62. Mr Shea spent one month reading the Oxford English Dictionary.63. In Mr Shea’s opinion,people don’t give dictionaries enough credit for being interesting.64. Mr Shea thinks it is important t be able to use long and complicated words in everyday conversation.65. Elaine Higgleton thinks that reading a dictionary is the best way to learn English.Section B (10 marks)Questions 66 to 70are based on the following passage.Surfing is something people often get hooked on after trying it a few times. For many surfers it is much more than a hobby---they would probably agree with the American professional surfer Kelly Slater when he said,"Once you’re in, you’re in.There’s no getting out.""Surfing", of course, refers to riding on ocean waves using a surfboard. Many surfers stand up on their boards, which requires god balance and is therefore difficult for most beginners to learn, but some lie down and "bodyboard"The history of surfing probably began with the Polynesian people of the Pacific Islands. One of the first white people to see anyone surfing was the British explorer Captain Gook, when his ship arrived in Hawaii in 1779. He watched many Hawaiians riding waves on large pieces of wood, and reported that, "Surfing seems to give them a feeling of great pleasure. "When surfing started to become very popular in the United States in the 1950’s and 60s, surfers used large wooden boards (often more than three metres long) that were quite heavy. Boards today are shorter and also much lighter, because they are made of artificial materials instead of wood.For anyone who wants to try surfing. The only essentials are waves and a board. There are a few other things, however, that most surfers find important; a cord t attach one of their ankles to the board and therefore stop it from being carried a long way away when they fall off’; wax, which they put on the surface of the board to help their feet stick to it; and a wetsuit to help them keep warm in cold water. The south---west of English is an example of a place where surfers usually need wetsuits, even in summer.Surfing has been a professional sport for many yeara and the very best surfers are able to make a living from it. Most of the best professional surfers in the last 30 years, both men and women, have been American or Australian, but surfers from Brazil, Peru and South Africa have also won important competitions.Questions 66 to 70Answer the following questions with the information given in the assage in a maximum of 10 words for each question.66. Why do most beginners find it difficult t stand up on a surfboard?67. In what part of the world did surfing probably begin?68. When did surfing start to become very popular in the United States?69. What do surfers use wax for?70. According to the passage, in what part of the world do surfers usually need wetsuits?Section C (10 marks)Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.The latest human development report from the United Nations Development Programmed (UNDP) contains some good news, but also a very serious warning about the threat posed y climate change.The report, published annually since 1990, seeks to asses “human development”around the world, and calculates a “Human Development Index (HDI) for 169 counties. The HDI is based on average income, life expectancy and level of education in a country. Not surprisingly, rich counties tend to have higher HDIs than poor counties, but there are interesting variations in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, because some have better health andeducation systems than others.According to the 2010 report, the county with the highest level of human development is Norway, followed by Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Ireland. Most of the lowest HDIs belong to counties in sub-Saharan Africa.Almost all counties around the worlds have higher HDIs now than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis, the total number of people living in extreme poverty has increased. The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are better educated and have access to more goods and services. Even in countries with severe economic problems, people’s level of health and education as generally improved. Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile in terms of human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is critical, however, of the fact economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.The greatest threat to improving HDIs in the future, according to the report, is climate change. Economic growth increases average incomes in a country through increasing production and consumption. However , if this leads to greater emissions of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warning will probably accelerate, and cause severe environmental problems in some parts of the world hat will threaten the livelihoods of huge numbers f people. The progress of the last twenty years, therefore, might not be sustainable.The only solution, according to the report, I to break the link between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions-which, needless to say, is easier, said than done.Questions 71 to 75Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage in a maximum of 10 words for each blank.71. The concept of “human development”is based on the following three factors: _______, _____________and_____________.72. Some countries with similar levels of economic development have quite different HDIs because they have_____________.73._________________has caused the number of people living in extreme poverty to increase since 2008.74. The report says that ______________ is the greatest threat to increasing HDIs in the future.75. The report says the link between____________ and ____________needs to be broken.Section D (10 marks)Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passageIt is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises: that they talk too much about certain problems-and that they have no sense o humor, at least parent-child relationships.I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and alsoforget how they felt themselves when were young.Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes, hairstyles, entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted, so they create a culture and society and their own. Then, if it turns out that their music, entertainers, vocabulary, clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes teenagers are resistant and proud because they do not want their parents to approve of what they do. If they did approve, it looks as if the teenager is betraying his own age group. All this is assuming that the teenager is the underdog: he can not win but at least he can keep his honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after years of childhood, when children were completely under their parent’s control, but it ignores the fact that when they become teenagers, children are beginning to be responsible for themselves.If you plan to control your life, co-operation should be a part of that plan. You can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can also impress people with your of responsibility and your initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.Questions 76 to 78Choose the best answer according to the passage.76 the first paragraph is mainly about_____________.A teenagers’criticism of their parentsB misunderstanding between teenagers and their parentsC the dominance of parents over their childrenD teenagers’ability to deal with crises77 teenagers have strange clothes and hairstyles because they___________A have a strong desire to be leaders in style and tasteB want to prove their existence by creating a culture of their ownC have no other way to enjoy themselvesD want to irritate their parent78 teenagers do not want their parents to approve of what they do because they _______________.A have already been accepted into adult worldB feel that they are superior to adult worldC want to win adults over to their cultureD don’t want to appear to be disloyal to their own age groupQuestion 79 to 80Translate the sentences in the passage into Chinese79 I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were young80 You can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want.“成千上万人疯狂下载。

2007 National English Contestfor College Students(Level C - Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 points)Section A (6 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 6 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. He hasn‟t found a suitable one. B. He hasn‟t enough money.C. He prefers his old one.2. A. In ten minutes. B. In fifteen minutes. C. In twenty minutes.3. A. Have dinner with Mary. B. See a film with Mary.C. Do his homework.4. A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.5. A. He has to go to the bank. B. He has missed the train.C. His train has been delayed.6. A. £315. B. £350. C. £375.Section B (4 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. The conversation will be read only once. At the end of the conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, you must read the four questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.7. What office is the student looking for?A. Accounting.B. Economic History.C. Economics.8. When was the orientation meeting held?A. Yesterday.B. Last Friday.C. A week ago.9. What is the rule about attendance at lectures?A. It is optional.B. It is necessary.C. It is difficult to enforce.10. How often does the student have to attend tutorials?A. Once every other week.B. Three times a week.C. Once a week.Section C (10 points)Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short news items. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the question and then the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. When did the bomb go off in a popular market in central Baghdad?A. Late in the evening.B. At mid-morning.C. Late in the afternoon.12. What‟s the purpose of the Amber Alert program?A. To report the number of children missing in the U.S. every year.B. To help find the children who are believed to have been abducted.C. To find out the reasons why children are kidnapped in the U.S.13. How many villages have been involved in the inter-communal fighting in Chad?A. Fewer than 8.B. About 10.C. Over 20.14. What is the best tactic when you‟re caught up by a rolling wave of snow?A. To create space around you.B. To outrun the avalanche.C. To leave the ski resort instantly.15. What‟s the news item mainly talking about?A. Development of medical technology.B. Health care in California.C. Health insurance in the U.S.16. How many people did bird flu kill in Indonesia in two weeks?A. 5.B. 2.C. 35.17. What‟s the function of the new drug produced by Pfizer?A. Reducing dogs‟ weight.B. Increasing dogs‟ appetite.C. Controlling dogs‟ population.18. What will soon begin in the southern Senegalese towns?A. Planting new agricultural crops.B. Biofuel production.C. Fuel recycling.19. When did Ponti begin making films?A. In 1913.B. In 1931.C. In 1938.20. What‟s the main reason Democrats could regain control of Congress after 12 years?A. Nancy Pelosi has become their leader.B. Americans are dissatisfied with the Iraq war.C. They support sending more troops to Iraq.Section D (10 points)Directions:In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases in it. Fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Every traveller has a tale to tell about bad driving. These are usually exaggerated (21) __________ of life on the main streets of cities where the motorists are crazy and traffic lights are treated as colourful (22) __________.It all happened on a Sunday April morning. I (23) __________ my intention to turn left into a side road and paused as the oncoming traffic cleared. But as I drove across the road, an elderly man driving a battered Renault 12 chose to overtake me (24) __________ pass on the inside. There was a fearful bang and my car was pushed sideways. I felt groggy and bruised and was taken to hospital in the back seat of a police car. There my spleen was removed. Fortunately, though, my recovery was steady and (25) __________.But that‟s not the end of the tale. Yes, I had taken out insurance and it covered my medical expenses, (26) __________ while I recovered and my flights home. However, as always, there was a catch to it. I had (27) __________ hired my car from a backstreet firm called Kavis that had been recommended by the hotel front desk. I was assured that I had full insurance cover, but Kavis (28) __________ my credit card £800 on the day of the accident. My solicitor took advice on the form I had signed. Being in a hurry at the time, I hadn‟t (29) __________ to get it translated. “Mr. Balmer was stupid to sign this document,” it read. I (30) __________ with a smile. After all, I am still alive!Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 points)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. If I lose my new watch my parents will be very annoyed ______ me.A. againstB. withC. forD. about32. I don‟t think ______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. thisB. thatC. itsD. it33. Does brain power ______ as we get older? Scientists now have some surprising answers.A. descendB. declineC. reduceD. collapse34. I don‟t believe in Brown‟s adventure at all. It sounds so ______.A. incredibleB. credibleC. incredulousD. credulous35. We‟ll never get to the station on time ______ we run as fast as we can.A. in caseB. even ifC. provided thatD. if only36. Oil sales volume in local urban and rural areas rose by 24% and 50% ______, over July 2006.A. separatelyB. individuallyC. independentlyD. respectively37. The shipping authorities followed the ______ of the unidentified submarine on their radar screens.A. channelB. wayC. courseD. direction38. I set off as soon as I got the news about my grandpa‟s illness. Unfortunately, he ______ at the hospital before I ______.A. has died; went thereB. had died; arrivedC. died; had been thereD. was dying; had gone39. The committee has made rules ______ all its members are supposed to work.A. by whichB. so thatC. now thatD. for which40. They were married for fifteen years but have now ______ up and live apart.A. splitB. dividedC. divorcedD. separated41. We wouldn‟t have missed the train if we ______ to the station.A. didn‟t walkB. wouldn‟t runC. hadn‟t walkedD. weren‟t running42. No matter what measure they took, in no way ______.A. could the outflowing tide be controlledB. the outflowing tide could be controlledC. could the outflowing tide controlD. the outflowing tide could control43. —Did you get any information from Peter?—He ______ an expert, but he doesn‟t seem to know much.A. believes to beB. is supposed to beC. thought to beD. is claimed being44. —The radio‟s terribly loud. Could you turn it down a little?—Sorry! ______—Yes, and something else - wouldn‟t it be an idea to buy your own soap?A. Is it disturbing you?B. I forgot where I put my soap this morning.C. A football match was broadcast live on it.D. Could you repeat what you said?45. —Can I book a room from now until Friday?—_________________—What‟s the price?—$128.75 not counting the service.A. Definitely. Go see it yourself.B. Yes, our hotel is quite near to the station.C. Of course. Would you like to follow me?D. You can have Room 33, overlooking the sea.Part III IQ Test (5 minutes, 5 points)Directions:There are 5 IQ Test questions in this part. For each question there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.46. Which figure completes the sequence?47. A man has 29 socks in his drawer, 9 identical blue, 8 identical grey and 12 identical black. The lights have fused and he is completely in the dark. How many socks must he take out to make certain that he has a pair of each colour?A. 21B. 14C. 23D. 2448. Which comes next?A, 1A, 111A, 311A,?A. 1312AB. 13211AC. 1231AD. 11231A49. Find the weight to balance the scales.A. 2kgB. 4kgC. 3kgD. 5kg50. What is the missing number?A. 748B. 754C. 745D. 784Part IV Reading Comprehension (25 minutes, 40 points)Section A (6 points)Directions:There is one passage in this section with 6 questions. For each question, there are fourchoices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 51-56 are based on the following passage.“A Unique Experience in IndianCuisine ”Opening night at the Gandhi Restaurantbrought cries of praise and delight fromcustomers when they sampled the unique cuisineon Monday night.Opened by County Councillor, Mr. TonyPeaston, the Gandhi offers the discerning dinerauthentic Indian dishes, many available for thefirst time in Hampshire.The secret lies in the preparation - onlyauthentic Indian herbs and spices are used toindividually prepare each special dish, followingancient recipes, many handed down throughgenerations of Indian chefs.High Standard“I‟ve travelled extensively and dined atmany Indian restaurants throughout the country,but rarely have I tasted Indian food of such ahigh stan dard,” extolled Councillor Peaston.“Whilst Gandhi himself was a leader ofmen, the Gandhi Restaurant could be consideredthe leader of a new breed of Indian cuisine in Hampshire,” he added. “By far the best curry we have had in the Portsmouth area,” was t he comment of Havant diners, Mr. and Mrs. Jim Cairns of Denvilles. “We enjoyed the different menu and found the advice of the staff, explaining how each dish was prepared, very helpful for deciding our choice of menu,” they said. Such glowing comments reflect the exclusive nature of the dishes available at the Gandhi Restaurant. Original Recipes You can choose from a menu which offers curries and tandoories, knowing each one is specially cooked for you, with individual care and attention, according to strict original recipes, by a top London chef, formerly of Covent Garden. And after you have sampled the spicy delights of your main course, you can select from a choice of original Indian sweets to temper your palate. Relaxing in the comfortable surroundingsof the restaurant, you can have a hot towel to freshen yourself or clean your fingers between courses - another touch of Indian living.The Gandhi Restaurant, situated at 139 Kingston Road, Portsmouth, is fully licensed and open seven days a week.You can pop in for a traditional Indian lunch between 12 and 2:30 pm or enjoy a languid evening meal, when the restaurant is open from 6 pm to midnight.But take care to book in advance, as demand for this cuisine is expected to be high, so avoid disappointment by telephoning Portsmouth 811966.As proof of confidence in your enjoyment, the Gandhi is offering a 10 per cent discount on the cost of your meal, when you produce this advertisement within three months of the opening.The staff at the Gandhi look forward to serving you with your first taste of truly authentic Indian cuisine in this area- and they know you will come back again and again.51. “A Unique Experience in Indian Cuisine” here means that the Gandhi restaurant __________.A. is the only genuine Indian restaurant in HampshireB. offers customers its own special style of cookingC. makes special food for native Indian customersD. is trying out Indian recipes for the first time52. How does the food preparation contribute to the unique, experience?A. It varies from customer to customer, depending on the price.B. The methods used are secret and known only to the chef.C. It uses genuine Indian ingredients and follows ancient recipes.D. It follows methods described by traditional Indian authors.53. According to the article, in what way does the restaurant live up to its name?A. It will soon be as famous throughout the world as Gandhi himself.B. The owner considers himself to be a leader of the local Indian community.C. It has had a considerable influence on other Hampshire restaurants.D. It sets new standards of excellence for other Indian restaurants to follow.54. Where did the top chef of the Gandhi Restaurant use to work?A. In London.B. In Hampshire.C. In Denvilles.D. In Portsmouth.55. Hot towels are provided __________.A. because customers feel coldB. to make customers feel more relaxedC. mainly for hygienic reasonsD. to give customers the true feel of Indian life56. Customers can obtain a cheaper meal by __________.A. bringing the advertisement with themB. making a phone call to the restaurantC. providing proof of their enjoymentD. contributing to the cost of advertisingSection B (7 points)Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by 7 statements. Go over the passage quickly and mark the answers on the Answer Sheet. For questions 57- 63, markY (for Yes) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for No) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for Not Given) if the information is not given in the passage.Questions 57-63 are based on the following passage.Eleven days ago, as he felt himself being crushed from head to toe, Andrew Jepson was certain he was about to die.Yesterday the 26-year-old construction worker was able to stroll around his parents‟ home and tell for the first time how he survived being run over by a four-ton road roller.The accident happened as Mr.Jepson worked at a building site at Heathrow and the roller was reversing at 4 mph.“I was looking away and then I just felt it go over my leg”, he said. “I fell to the floor and felt this amazing pain in my leg as it was being crushed.”“When I felt it running over me I thought this is it, I‟m dead. Nobody can survive this.”“There was absolutely nothing I could do. The pain was horrendous and all the air was being crushed out of my lungs.”“I couldn‟t breathe. I thought every breath would be my last.”The machine took more than a second to roll over Mr. Jep son‟s body.“It came over my head but I had my hard hat on which must have blocked most of the pressure,” he said.Workmates believed he would be dead but the uneven surface, foundation for a road, cushioned much of the weight of the roller and saved him.“Afterwards I tried to get straight up,” he said. “I was fully conscious. I was in shock but for some reason I thought, …If I stay down, I will die.‟”“Luckily a labourer ran over and kept me down so that I would not do any more injury to myself.”“The driver rushed over. He was really upset. I said, …You are not to blame, it was just an accident.‟”Mr. Jepson, a site engineer, suffered crushed ribs, bruising, cuts and a collapsed left lung but escaped permanent injury. An air ambulance arrived and doctors operated at the scene.He spent two days in intensive care but six days later was back at his parents‟ home near Spalding, Lincolnshire.“It is like being born again,” said Mr. Jepson, who has amazed doctors with his recovery.“When I came around from the anaesthetic I just cried with joy. Being able to walk and breathe again is the most wonderful thing in the world.”Mr. Jepson‟s 62-year-old father, John, said, “When we heard he had been under a roller I feared the worst. We prayed all the way to the hospi tal. To see him now is just wonderful.”Mr. Jepson‟s employer, construction firm Laing, said the accident was still being investigated.Statements:Section C Directions: You are going to read a magazine article about sand. Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences (A-H) the one which fits each gap (64-70). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet .Sand: as children we play on it and as adults we relax on it. It is something we complain about when it gets in our eyes on a windy beach, and praise when it is made into sand castles.But we don‟t often look at it. If we did, we would discover an account of a geological past and a history of sea life that goes back thousands and, in some cases, mil- lions of years.Sand covers not just seashores, but also ocean beds, deserts and mountains. And it is a major element in manufactured products too - concrete is largely sand, while glass is made of little else.Well, it is larger than fine dust and smaller than shingle. In fact, according to the most generally accepted scheme of measurement, grains can be called sand if their diameter is greater than 0.06 of a millimetre andless than 0.6 of a millimetre.Depending on its age and origin, a particular sand can consist of tiny stones or porous grains through which water can pass. They have come from the breaking down of rocks, or from the dead bodies of sea creatures, which collect on the bottom of the oceans, or even from volcanic eruptions.If it is a dazzling white, its grains may come from nearby coral, from crystalline quartz rocks or from gypsum, like the white sand of New Mexico. On Pacific Islands, jet black sands form from volcanic minerals.Other black beaches are magnetic and are mined for iron ore.It washes rock into streams and rivers and down to the sea, leaving be- hind softer materials. By the time it reaches the sea, the hardest rocks remain but every- thing else has been broken into tiny particles of 0.02millimetre diameter or less. The largest pieces fall to the bottom quickly, while smaller particles float and settle only slowly in deeper water, which is why the sandy beach on the shoreline so often turns to mud further out.If the individual fragments still have sharp edges, you can be sure they were formed fairly recently. This is the case on the island of Kamoama in Hawaii, where a beach was created after a volcanic eruption in 1990.Molten lava spilled into the sea and exploded into glassy droplets.646566676869It seems that when the poet William Blake saw infinity in a grain of sand he was not far wrong. Sand is an irreplaceable industrial ingredient which has many uses.Sand cushions our land from the force of the sea, and geologists say it often does a better job protecting our shores than the most advanced coastal technology.Section D (10 points)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in as few words as possible (not more than 10 words). Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet .Questions 71-75 are based on the following passage.Rare among American actors, Depp has made a name for himself effortlessly switching between mainstream Hollywood movies and more “out of the ordinary” projects. Talking about his choice of roles, he once said, “With any part you play, there is a certain amount of yourself in it. There has to be, otherwise it‟s not acting. It‟s lying.” Highlights of a richly diverse career include Edward Scissorhands, Sleepy Hollow and Pirates of the Caribbean .Depp dropped out of school at sixteen to concentrate on a career in music, playing the guitar (he played with more than twenty bands). However, his musical career rifled to take off, and he found himself selling pens over the phone to pay the bills. His lucky break came when makeup artist Loft Allison, to whom he was briefly married, introduced him to Nicolas Cage. Although at first they did not like each other, they later became good friends and Cage persuaded him to try acting. Depp signed on with Cage‟s agent, and made his feature film debut in Wes Craven‟s horror film Nightmare on Elm Street, in which the character he played was eaten by his bed. After that he had his first screen leading role in Private Resort.Depp went on to achieve teen idol status in the TV series 21 Jump Street, but after four seasons, he wanted out, with the hope of making the transition to the big screen. He starred in Cry-Baby, followed by Tim Burton‟s Edward Scissorhands, after which he went on to win considerable critical acclaim in Ed Wood, a reunion with Burton. Depp made his feature directorial debut with The Brave in 1997, a film he also co-wrote and starred in. Premiering at theCannes Film Festival, the film also featured Marlon Brando, butearned mostly negative reviews, with most critics blaming its weakscript. Sleepy Hollow teamed him with director Burton yet again,before he starred in Ted Demme‟s Blow, and a ppeared in the thrillerFrom Hell, about Jack the Ripper.OFF screen, his good looks and “bad boy” image (he was oncearrested for attacking intrusive paparazzi with a wooden plank) haveearned him a lot of media attention. He was voted one of the fiftymost beautiful people in the world by People magazine in 1996. Hehas also had his fair share of celebrity romances; when hisengagement to Edward Scissorhands co-star Winona Ryder ended,he had a tattoo (one of at least eight), which said “Winona Forever”,altered by laser to get rid of the last two letters of her name. Hisrelationship with model Kate Moss also ended abruptly in 1998,when he started dating French singer-actress Vanessa Paradis. Theyare now married and have two children, Lily-Rose Melody and Jack.More recent work has included Pirates of the Caribbean withGeoffrey Rush and Once Upon a Time in Mexico.70Section E (10 points)Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the pas- sage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in the spaces 76-80. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 76-80 are based on the following passage.Lack of culture, or rather an excess of the wrong sort of culture, is often considered to be synonymous with disadvantage. Most commonly associated with low cultural standards are low levels of reading, and some thirteen per cent of all twenty-three-year-olds feel they have trouble with reading and writing. One way of compensating such disadvantaged young people is thought to be to provide them with the culture they lack: in particular, high quality reading material.Whereas forty to fifty per cent of young people aged sixteen to twenty rarely read a book, the majority appear to read comics. In 1991 sales of Viz, a UK comic, exceeded one million copies per issue, making it the fourth best-selling periodical in Britain. The reading of comics, however, is not restricted to young people: by 1992 it was estimated that two out of three men aged eighteen to fifty-three read Viz. The number of imitators this comic has spawned, including Zit, Gas, Brain Damage and Swiz, indicates the extent of the influence it wields.The reading of comics was traditionally regarded by the educational establishment with considerable suspicion. Whereas the received arts were always assumed to exert an improving or civilizing influence, comics were thought to “rot children‟s brains”, to lower educational standards and to threaten morality. They were, and are, assumed to be an inferior cultural form, their readers assumed to come from the lower social classes, to be low educational attainers and to be easily led astray.Over the past decade, perceptions of comics have shifted. Since the 1970s, the comic format has been commonly used to represent the interests of various disenfranchised groups — community groups, the unemployed, welfare recipients — who became more conscious of a climate conditioned by other contemporary movements such as civil fights, consumerism, self-help and de-institutionalization. As cultural signifiers, comics have become the subject matter of academic courses in cultural and media studies. In deed, young people‟s cultural activities, grounded in the commercial rather than the subsidized sector, are beginning to merit the attention of the arts establishment.Part V Cloze (10 minutes, 10 points)Directions:There are 10 blanks in the passage. Use the words (phrases) given in the box to fill in the blanks, changing the form where necessary. Use only one word (phrase) in each blank. There are two extra words (phrases) which you do not need to use. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Working out to music you are football crazy or keen on tennis. The (82) __________ that rock or pop music might ever play a part in sports training would have been regarded as a joke not so long ago. But today modem music is increasingly filling the gym as well as the front room.The idea of exercise to music is not new. For years, (83) __________ in eastern Europe, the benefits of sportsmen and sportswomen having (84) __________in ballet and classical dance, with their stress on total body control and balance, have long been recognised.Figure-skating and ice-dance are usually performed to music and can be said to be specialised (85) __________ of this type of exercise. But ballet and classical dance can be (86) __________ other sports that are also pleasing to the eye, such as gymnastics and skiing, (87) __________ of which demand high standards of balance, coordination and suppleness.In western Europe and North America, a far (88) __________ interest has been shown in working out to classical music. Even sports which seem to demand muscular (89) __________ more than any other physical requirement have taken up exercise to music as a valuable addition to their own specialised training schemes.Devotees of soccer, rugby, and rowing now regularly train to music; even those who take part in weightlifting, (90) __________ demands enormous physical strength, and participants in athletics field events, find that exercise to music is beneficial and makes their movements more fluid.Part VI Translation (15 minutes, 20 points)Section A (10 points)Directions:Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.(91) An active lifestyle and a healthy, fish-rich diet are not only good for your heart, they may also help tackle the memory loss associated with old age, two leading neuroscientists said.As people live longer, finding ways of halting the decline in mental agility is becoming increasingly important, said Professor Ian Robertson, director of the Institute of Neuroscience at Trinity College Dublin.(92) “The biggest threat to being able to function well and properly is our brains,” he told journalists.“There is very strong evidence, particularly in the over-50s, that the degree to which you maintain your mental faculties depends on a handful of quite simple environmental factors,” he said.(93) Those who remained physically fit, avoided high stress levels and enjoyed a rich and varied social life are better equipped to stay alert as they age. Mental stimulation, learning new things and simply thinking young also help.A new survey compiled for the University of Kent and the charity Age Concern showed ageism was rife in Britain where people, on average, see youth as ending at 49 and old age beginning at 65.But Robertson said such attitudes were not helpful given the number of 80-year- olds who remain “sharp as pins”.(94) “If you start to think of yourself as old when you are 60, which is no longer justified, you will behave old,” he said.Research conducted by his Trinity College colleague, Professor Marina Lynch, showed healthy eating was another key requirement for staying on the ball.(95) Lynch said new research showed fish oils may reduce the cell inflammation that triggers a decline in memory.Section B (10 points)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.96．这决不是解决人口问题的最好办法。