第一章商务英语翻译基础知识

Guidelines for the Final Examination of Business English指导方针的最终考试商务英语2011 Fall Semester2011秋季学期（所有翻译均是按原文使用百度翻译的，基本都能知道大概意思）1. Scope1。

范围The content for the final examination will cover units 1-13 of the textbook, splitting i nto seven parts: True/False questions, blanks’ filling, multiple choices, Chinese/English translations, reading comprehension, and short-essay writing. Students are required to go over the texts/questions of listening task, speaking task (the first dialogue only), and reading task of each unit, as well as the notes or minutes taken from the class. For the writing tasks, students need know to write business letters and memos in formal format and etiquette as well as resume or curriculum vitae (CV). With provided information, students should be ready to write a short business letter or memo, or organize the information for a business presentation.内容为最后的考试将盖单位1 - 13的教材，分为七个部分：真/假问题，空白的填补，多种选择，中文/英文翻译，阅读理解，写作和short-essay。

★商务合同的翻译由有关的运输机构所开据收据的日期视为为交货期．交货期．买方应在装船前３０天将不可撤消的即期信买方应在装船前３０天将不可撤消的即期信３０用证开到卖方．用证开到卖方．买方需凭复检证明书向卖方提出索赔（包括买方需凭复检证明书向卖方提出索赔（换货），），由此引起的全部费用应由卖方负责换货），由此引起的全部费用应由卖方负责．仲裁机构的裁决具有最终效力，双方必须遵仲裁机构的裁决具有最终效力，照执行．照执行．一．讨论翻译及商务英语翻译的标准．二．将下列英语短语译成汉语：１.form a receipt __________________ 2.ticket order form ___________________3.application form ___________________4.an active list5.an export list___________________ ____________________ >>>more >>>more三.将下列英语段落翻译成汉语． Speaking of translation, we tend to think of Yan Fu who advocated for the first time the three words as translation criteria, namely, “faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance”. Yan Fu’s “faithfulness” means the full and complete conveying or transmission of the original content or thought. His“expressiveness” demands that the version must be clear and flowing without any grammatical mistakes or confused logic and sense. But his “elegance” is unadoptable because it refers to the use of classical Chinese before the Han Dynasty, Yan Fu held that only the language before the Han Dynasty could be considered elegant and old vocabulary, the old structure of Chinese must be used in order to represent the original fully and adequately. “Faithfulness” first refers to the content of the original work. The translator must bring out the original meaning both comprehensively and accurately without any distortion or casual addition or deletion of the original thoughts. Faithfulness also includes the keeping of the original style, as Mr. Lu Xun put it , “keep the full flavor of the original work.”。

商务英语翻译之合同翻译第一节商务合同的基础知识第二节合同英语的词汇特点及翻译要点第三节合同英语的句法特点及翻译要点第四节合同内容的翻译第五节商务合同的翻译标准第一节商务合同的基础知识一、概念与文体虽然国内外对合同的定义各不相同，但都有一个共同点：A contract is an agreement, which legally binds the parties concerned。

比如，99年中国《合同法》规定，Contacts referred to in this Law are agreements establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations。

在由Steven H. Gifts编著的“Law Dictionary”中，contract被定义为“a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty.”根据这一定义，合同是一种承诺，违反承诺可以得到法律救助，在某种意义上，法律将履行该承诺看作是一种补偿。

综上可见，合同是平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的法律协议。

商务合同是依法成立的法律性文件，自有其特殊的文体特征。

通常所谓的“文体（style）”是指人们运用语言时，总是根据一定的交际内容、交际目的和交际场合，来选取一定的表达形式，即所谓的语言风格；这种风格，既要适应交际对象，又受到特定语言环境的制约。

商务英语课文翻译-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Unit1 Made in Europe 欧洲制造Almost every fashion label outside the top super-luxury brands is either already manufacturing in Asia or 5 thinking of it. Coach, the US leather goods maker, is a classic example. Over the past five years, it has lifted all its gross margins by manufacturing solely in low-cost markets. In March 2002 it closed its factory in Lares,Puerto Rico, its last company-owned plant, and outsources all its products.除了顶级奢侈品牌外几乎所有的时尚品牌都已经在亚洲生产，或者正在考虑这么做。

美国的皮革商品制造商蔻驰（Coach）就是一个经典的例子。

在过去的五年中，它通过仅在低成本市场生产来提升毛利率。

在 2002 年的 3 月，它关闭了在波多黎各拉雷斯的最后一间公司所属工厂，将所有产品全部外包。

Burberry has many Asian licensing arrangements. In 2000 it decidedto renew Sanyo's Japanese licence for ten years. This means that almost half of Burberry's sales at retail value will continue to be produced under license in Asia. At the same time however, Japanese consumers prefer the group's European-made products.巴宝莉（Burberry）在亚洲持有许多许可授权安排。

LESSON 1 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS国际商务1. 国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易要复杂得多。

International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. It involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic countries.2. 随着经济一体化进程的发展，很少人和公司能完全独立于国际商务之外而存在。

因此，在此方面具有一定的知识是十分必要的，这既有益于企业的发展又有益于个人的进步。

With the development of economic globalization, few people or companies can completely stay away from international business. Therefore, some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement.3. 其他参与国际贸易的形式有管理合同、承包生产和“交钥匙”工程。

Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing, and turnkey project.4. 国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现，即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口到另一国进行消费或转售。

International business first took the form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another.5. 除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方式。

No.1 企业介绍Passage 1Advantages and Disadvantages of Sole ProprietorshipsSole proprietorship has a number of advantages. One is the ease of establishment. All you have to do to launch a sole proprietorship is to obtain any necessary licenses and start your business with your own decision about price charges, work time, and disposal of all profits at your own will. A sole proprietorship also enjoys the advantage of privacy, which means you don’t have to prepare any reports for outsiders as you would if you owned a corporation.个人独资企业的优势和弊端个人独资企业有诸多优势。

其一，易成立。

成立一家个人独资企业，只要获得必需的执照许可即可。

公司产品或服务的价格、工作时间和利润分配都可以自主决定。

其二，个人独资企业享有隐私权。

公司成立后，不必向外界提供任何报告。

Most sole proprietorships are relatively small business. The small scale reflects their limited financial resources. Therefore, it may have difficulty to get a loan.In some cases, the sole proprietorship’s independence may be a drawback because it often means that the business depends on the talents and managerial skills of one person. The major disadvantage is the pr oprietor’s unlimited liability.大多数独资企业规模相对较小，这就意味着其资金来源有限，所以个人独资企业很难获得贷款。

《商务英语翻译》教学大纲《商务英语翻译》理论课程教学大纲一、课程的性质商务英语不同于其它类型的英语，在词汇、词义的选择、句子结构和文体方面有其独特的特点。

本课程的目的是从语言和贸易实务的角度出发，分析商务英语的特点及其翻译方法，使学生具备基本的口笔头翻译商贸英语的基本能力。

经过72学时的教学，使学生掌握一定的英、汉互译基础知识和技能，具有一定的英、汉实务互译的应用能力，从而能借助词典翻译有关英语外贸、管理、销售等商务资料，在涉外交际的日常活动和商务活动中进行一般水平的口头和书面交流，并为进一步提高英语水平打下较好的基础。

二、教学目的与基本要求《商务英语翻译》是高职高专商务英语、应用英语专业非常重要的一门必修课。

其主要教学目的是培养学生具有正确的翻译观，培养学生熟练使用各种翻译技巧对商务语言进行翻译的技能，最终提高学生准确规范地翻译各类商务英语语篇的实际操作能力。

本课程在加强英、汉互译基础知识和基本技能训练的同时，重视培养学生翻译实践能力。

通过本课程的学习，学生应该达到以下要求?能借助词典将难度略低于课文的英语短文译成汉语，译速为每小时400-450个英语单词，以及内容熟悉的汉语文字材料译成英语，译速为每小时400-450个汉字，且要求理解准确，译文达意，格式恰当，以及进行简单的商务活动口译。

三、教学方式案例教学:搜集大量商务谈判案例，组织学生讨论，归纳总结，为以后走向工作岗位打下基础。

引导教学:提出问题或实践教学中发现问题，引导学生系统地、综合地运用基础知识和专业知识来分析问题，即培养学生运用所学知识提高分析问题的能力。

拓宽知识面;将新知识，新信息及时反馈给学生，并注重学科的交叉渗透，使学生能把握学科发展动态，对知识的掌握注重广度及深度的结合。

实践教学:每周安排3-4个学生各作15~20分钟左右的模拟商务场景翻译并进行现场点评，以激发学生学习兴趣，并及时发现不足，在实践中充实自我，完善自我。

辅助教学:抓好幻灯、影碟、录像、投影仪、多媒体等辅助教学。