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专业英语四级大纲对英语阅读题材和题材的规定如下：1.题材广泛，包括社会、科技、文化、经济、日常知识、人物传记等。
2.体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、广告、说明书、图表等。
3.阅读材料的语言难度中等，关键词汇基本上不超出大纲规定的范围。
今年英语专业四级考试阅读文章的内容和题材1.文化：包括宗教、信仰、语言、风俗习惯及各种社会制度等细分类别，下表是历年真题中出现的文化题材的文章归纳真题中出现过的文化类词汇有：abbreviated adj.简短的acquaintance n.熟人acute adj. 敏锐的，深刻的addiction n.附加adjacent adj.邻近的adjust v. （改变…以）适应；调整；校正affiliation n. 加盟，加入alert adj. 警戒的，警惕的alight adj. 点着的，照亮的amber n. 琥珀色anticipate v. 先于…行动；预料artificial adj. 人造的，人工的ash n. 灰astrologer n. 占星家attach v. 粘上，系，附上awe n. 敬畏，惊叹，惊惧bellboy n. 男侍者betrayal n. （被）背叛，出卖blare v. 刺耳地大声鸣响blotch n. 大滴（大片）污渍booklet n. 小册子bracket n. 括号bureaucratic adj.官僚政治的canal n.运河chin n下颚，下巴column n. 专栏commoner n. 平民communal adj.公用的，公共的consequently adv.所以，因此considerably adv. 相当，非常constantly adv.不断地，时常地consumption n.消费contemplate v.凝视；沉思convict v.宣判有罪；证明…有罪coupon n. 配给卷，优惠劵courtyard n. 庭院，院子craft n. 工艺，手艺cruise v.乘船巡游curiosity n. 好奇decoration n装饰deed n. 行为，行动demonstrate v.说明，演示descend v.下降dignity n.尊严，高贵distinguishing adj. 有区别的doom v.注定，判定dread n.恐惧，畏惧dwelling n.住所，公寓dye n. 染料，染色element n.元素emerge v.出现，显露encapsulate vt. 压缩enclosure n.圈占，围绕enormously adv. 巨大地epithet n.尊号，称号eternal adj.永远的execute v.执行extrovert n.性格外向的人flap v. 飘动，拍动foul adj. 难闻的，发臭的frustration n. 令人懊丧的事物funk music 乡土爵士乐genuine adj. 真的，非人造的gravity n. 庄严groomer n. 犬只美容师guilty adj. 有罪的hairdresser n. 发型师haze n. （烟尘等的）雾霭heal v. 康复，复原herculean adj.巨大的hieroglyphics n.象形文字hitchhiker n.搭便车旅行者horseshoe n.马蹄铁hospitality n. 好客hum n.嗡嗡声humiliation n.丢脸，耻辱identity n.身份idyllic adj.宜人的，田园般的illusion n.幻觉inappropriate adj. 不适当的incompetent n. 无能力者incredibly adv. 难以置信地infiltrate v. 渗透，浸入instant adj.速食的insult v. 侮辱，冒犯interdependence n.相互依赖ironically adv. 讽刺地irrational adj. 无理性的jovial adj.快乐的languidly adv.疲倦地merchandise v. 推销，经销metaphor n. 比喻说法mole n. 长期潜伏的间谍，潜伏特务monotonously adv. 单调地motto n.格言，座右铭multiple n. 倍数mystical adj.神秘的nail v.钉住，钉牢Nazis n. 纳粹党neat adj. 整洁的newsprint n. 新闻纸occupational adj. 职业的on the way out 即将灭亡optional adj.选择的outstretch v. 伸出，张开patio n. 舞台，平台patronymic adj. 取自父名的perilous adj.危险的，冒险的permissible adj.可允许的picturesque adj.风景如画的pile n.一推piston n.活塞pit n. 井，深洞，深坑post n. 柱；杆；桩progression n. （事件的）连续，一系列prohibition n. 禁止psychiatrist n. 精神病医师quick-witted adj.富有机智的，机敏的rattle v.卡塔卡塔地响reckless adj. 鲁莽的rehearse v.彩排render v.归还，给予retain v.保留，保持rigidly adv.严格地rustle v 发出沙沙声sane adj.明智的，理智的scorn n.轻蔑，嘲笑script n.剧本，脚本v.写剧本scrupulously adv.小心翼翼地seal v.封口secure adj.安全的，稳妥的shaft n. 轴；杆；柄sharpie n. 狡猾的人significance n. 意义，意思siren n. （危险的）诱惑slot n. 孔specialization n.特殊化，专门化spite n. 恶意，怨恨squander v. 浪费，乱花steadily adv. 稳固地，平稳地stereotype n. 陈腔滥调，老套stifling adj.沉闷的，令人窒息的strikingly adv.醒目地，显著地，惊人地substitute n. 替代物，代用品subversive n. 危险分子，颠覆分子superstition n. 迷信，迷信行为tactic n. 方法，策略tantalize v. 逗弄，使…干着急tape v. 用带子捆起来tease v. 戏弄testify v. 证明，证实ting v. 发出叮叮声toil v. 跋涉savage n. 未开化的人torment v. 使…备受折磨trail v. （使某事物）被拖在后面transaction n. 事务，事项tremble v. 发抖trivial adj. 琐碎的，没有价值的ultimately adv. 最终variable adj. 变化的，可变的variation n. 变化，变动（的程度）vocational adj.职业的wary adj. 谨慎的wearisome adj.令人厌烦的whirr n. 呼呼声widespread adj. 普遍的2.科普科普类题材的文章是对人类研发开发的科学知识、科学方法以及融于其中的科学思想和科学精神的介绍.。
高考英语阅读文体类型及阅读理解答题技巧湖北省荆门市屈家岭管理区五三高中杨卫红谌金洲一、英语阅读文体类型简析阅读是一种理解、吸收、鉴赏、评价文章的思维过错。
完成这个思维过程，则需要经过认知、分析、综合、理解、记忆、感受、判断等程序。
文体类别不同，决定着叙述风格的差异。
掌握文体风格，识别文章叙述结构，对正确领悟文章主旨有极大的帮助。
高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有：记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。
记叙文体又可细分为小说、时文报道、人物传记及轶闻趣事。
阅读时如能弄清文体类型，能了解把握文体结构和写作特征，对我们更快、更准地把脉作者的写作思路、理解作者的写作意图有极大的帮助。
[1]、记叙文。
英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。
特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。
描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。
阅读记叙文体应采取掠读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。
高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
[2]、议论文。
英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。
首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。
议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。
因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。
一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。
还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。
把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。
就议论文而言，其论证的常见结构方式有：1，总分式总---分；分----总；总----分---总；2，并列式几个论据之间属于平等关系；3，递进式几个论据之间属于递进关系4，对照式把两种事物加以对比，以彰显其中一种；[3]、说明文。
精编高中英语阅读理解题型解读分类总结(总26页)-本页仅作为预览文档封面，使用时请删除本页-精编高中英语阅读理解题型解读大全（一）阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。
一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。
阅读的方法可以使用以下几种：1.读首段，找关键词（人名、地名、建筑、组织名、数字或but and besides howeverso therefor）。
用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。
2.围绕关键词上下看一句。
此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。
3.重复品味首尾段把好主题方向（二）不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧1.记叙文记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。
传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。
故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。
2.说明文说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。
把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。
说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。
数字说明文在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。
解释说明文解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。
许多科普文章都属于这一类。
在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。
它们是文章的关键。
如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。
比较说明文比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。
在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。
作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。
中考英语阅读理解分类解读一、人物故事类人物故事以记述人物生平故事为主。
体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。
写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。
命题以细节为主，推理为辅。
近年来，人物传记类阅读文章在高中阅读理解题中有人物故事类文章多为记叙文，为了支撑所要描述的人物，短语往往会出现大量细节，这些细节有时很直接，理解字面意思即可，有时则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能判断。
准确理解细节是做好这类题的关键。
那么，怎样准确理解细节呢？首先，从问题中找到关键词；然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速找细节；找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读，认真比较选项和文中细节的区别；最后，在正确理解【典型考题】(1)When we asked students what they want to be, theyoften talk about unusual jobs, things like teachers and doctors. But if you think about it, many people don’t plan to do their jobs. They just start doing them by accident. We have talked to two people with unusual jobs.Emily is a dentist but she doesn’t work with people. She works with horses. After university she took care of animal’s health for several years, but she notices that there were few people who could help horses’ teeth. She deicide to go to college and study again. Then she had to buy special tools, but she is never out of work. She’d always very busy taking care of horses’ teeth. “I couldn’t be a dentist for people now,” Emily said, “because I really enjoy working with horses.”As soon as David could read, he read books about robots, but the robots he build today don’t look like the strange robot people in his books. He build robots for industry. Early one he made up his mind to study math, science and computers so that he could break into the world of robot engineering. “Some of the math is very difficult.” say David, “but you must study math to be an engineer.”Fortunately he got top marks in all his math exams.1. Emily doesn’t want to be a dentist because_________.A. the pay is lowB. she has to buy special toolsC. she will be out of workD. she likes working with horses2. To become a robot engineer, David _________.A. need to worryB. bought a lot of robotsC. had to study hardD. didn’t have to go to college3. David got top marks in all his math exams, although _________.A. math was not easy to studyB. he has to study math to be an engineerC. he could break into the world of robot engineeringD. he made up his mind to study math, science and computers（2008年天津市初中毕业生学业考试试卷）（2）One day when Jack was walking in the park, he saw a woman, who lived a few miles away, sitting on a bench with a dog beside her. The dog was looking up at the woman.Jack walked up to the woman and said, "Hello, Sue,how are you? May I sit and talk with you for a while?" "Of course, please sit down," Sue said. Jack sat down next to Sue on the bench, and they talked quietly together. The dog continued to look up at Sue, as if waiting to be fed."That's a nice dog, isn't he?" Jack said, pointing at the animal."Yes, he is. He's handsome. He's a bit of a mixture, but that's not a bad thing. He's strong and healthy.""And hungry, "Jack said." He hasn't taken his eyes off you. He thinks you've got some food for him.""That's true, "Sue said." But I haven't."They both laughed and then Jack said, "Does your dog bite?""No, "Sue said, "He's never bitten anyone. He's always gentle and friendly."Hearing this, Jack decided to hold out his hand and touched the animal's head. Suddenly it jumped up and bit him."Hey!" Jack shouted." You said your dog didn't bite."Sue replied in surprise, "Yeah, I did. But this is not my dog. My dog's at home."4.The dog looked at the woman because _________.A. the woman wanted to feed himB. the woman was friendlyC. he was strong and healthyD. he was hungry5.Jack and Sue were _________.A. friendsB. next-door neighborsC. strangersD. in the same family6. Jack touched the dog because he believed_________.A. the dog was handsomeB. Sue's dog was unfriendlyC. the dog belonged to SueD. Sue's dog was at home7.We can infer form the passage that _________.A. Sue gave a wrong answerB. Jack made a mistakeC. the dog wasn't dangerousD. both Jack and Sue liked the dog8. Which of the Following can be the best title of the passage?A. A Wrong QuestionB. Sue's DogC. A pleasant MeetingD. Sue's Friend（2008年武汉市初中毕业生学业考试）参考答案：1~5 DCA DA 6~8 CBA二、社会文化类【命题趋势】语言是社会文化的重要载体。
高中期末英语阅读理解体育专题高中期末英语阅读理解体育专题高中生正值青春喜欢运动，考试也很可能会考这方面地内容，下面是高中英语阅训练体育专题篇，希望对大家有用。
高中期末英语阅读理解体育专题一Held each March, the NCAA men’s basketball tournament (锦标赛) wraps up the U.S. college basketball season. The tournament creates such a frenzy (疯狂) that it’s referred to as “March Madness.” Since its start in 1939, March Madness has built a rich legacy, complete with fabled (传说中的) team dynasties, determined underdogs and heart-stopping finishes.Of the more than 300 NCAA Division I men’s basketball teams in the U.S., the 64 best are selected to play in the tournament. Careful decisions are then made to divide the 64 teams into four regions, which are evenly matched groups in terms of strength. Tournament games are played around the country at certain venues (比赛场馆), and teams are eliminated as soon as they lose. The last four teams, named “The Final Four,” play in the last three games. Those games, which take place in April, are the most-watched as they determine the NCAA champion.Every year, the tournament features most of America’s best college basketball players. For this reason, the games are attended not only by basketball fans but also by scouts who work for professional basketball teams. The scouts’ tasks are to evaluate the players and help decide which ones their professional teams will try to recruit (招募). After the tournament ends, many college players are offered contracts to play for professional teams. Some of these young men, attracted bymillion-dollar offers, choose to leave college before they graduate to play professionally. Other players decide to stay in college and get their degrees first before joining the professional ranks. For all of these players, college basketball is an important step toward fulfilling their dream of playing for a professional team in the U.S. or another country.1、What is the main purpose of this passage?○ A：T o explain the history of a great sport.○ B：To describe popular sports in America.○ C：To encourage readers to play sports.○ D：To introduce an important sports event.正确答案：D答案解析：写作意图题。
英语阅读文章体裁类型英语阅读文章的体裁类型非常丰富，主要包括以下几种：1. 新闻报道（News Report）：描述最新事件、事实或发展的文章，通常以客观、简洁的语言呈现。
2. 特写（Feature Article）：对某一主题或个人进行深入报道，通常包含更多的背景信息和深度分析。
3. 评论（Opinion/Editorial）：作者对某一主题或事件发表个人观点和评论，以主观的方式表达意见。
4. 教育（Educational Article）：主要用于传授知识，解释概念，或提供学习资源的文章。
5. 科技报道（Science and Technology Article）：关于科学和技术领域的最新发展、研究成果等的文章。
6. 小说（Fiction）：包括短篇小说、中篇小说和长篇小说等，是虚构的故事性文章。
7. 传记（Biography）：记载一个人生平、经历和成就的文章。
8. 历史（History Article）：描述或分析历史事件、人物或时期的文章。
9. 科普（Popular Science）：以通俗易懂的方式介绍科学知识的文章。
10. 游记（Travelogue）：作者通过描述自己的旅行经历，向读者介绍不同地方的风土人情。
11. 散文（Essay）：一种短文体，通常是作者对某一主题的个人看法和感悟。
12. 诗歌（Poetry）：以诗歌形式表达情感、思想或观念的文学形式。
13. 广告（Advertisement）：以推销产品或服务为目的的文本，常出现在杂志、报纸等媒体中。
14. 演讲稿（Speech）：为演讲或演示准备的文本，旨在通过口头表达传达信息或观点。
15. 社论（Editorial）：由报纸或杂志编辑发表的评论性文章，代表媒体机构的观点。
这些体裁类型可以根据目的和内容的不同进一步细分，但上述列举的是一些常见的英语阅读文章体裁。
高考英语阅读理解分类集训（九类）高考英语阅读理解占有很大的分值，也是最容易拉分的部分。
对阅读理解的考察不仅仅是单词量还有各类学科的知识。
尤其是近几年的高考题，科技类、生活类、历史类等各种类型的文章都出现过。
因此同学们在日常的学习中要注意经常阅读此类文章。
以下是根据不同类型文章做的汇总。
高考英语阅读理解专项训练-地理类高考英语阅读理解专项训练-故事类高考英语阅读理解专项训练-科技类高考英语阅读理解专项训练-历史类高考英语阅读理解专项训练-生活类高考英语阅读理解专项训练-习俗类高考英语阅读理解专项训练-自然类高考英语阅读理解专项训练-医学类高考英语阅读理解专项训练-新闻类高考英语阅读理解专项训练-地理类(1)Death Valley is one of the most famous deserts in the United States, covering a wide area with its alkali sand. Almost 20 percent of this area is well below sea level, and Badwater, a salt water pool, is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.Long ago the Panamint Indians called this place “Tomesha”—the land of fire. Death Valley’s present name dates back to 1849, when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story. Today Death Valley has been declared a National Monument(纪念碑) and is crossed by several well-marked roads where good services can be found easily. Luckily the change created by human settlement has hardly ruined the special beauty of this place.Here nature created a lot of surprising, almost like the sights on the moon, ever-changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about, showing the most unusual colors. One of the most astonishing and variable parts of Death Valley is the Devil’ s Golf Course, where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams. Sand sculptures(沙雕) stand on a frightening ground, as evening shadows move and lengthen.1. _______ is the lowest place in the desert.A. TomeshaB. Death ValleyC. NevadaD. Badwater2. The name of the valley comes from _______.A. an Indian nameB. the death of the minersC. the local peopleD. a National Movement3. From the passage we can learn that _______.A. no one had ever known the desert before the minersB. it’s still not easy to travel across the desertC. people can find gas-stations, cafes and hotels in the desertD. people have changed the natural sight of the desert4. Devil Golf Course is famous for _______.A. the frequent windB. the colors of the sandC. dream-like sightsD. the sand sculptures5. From the passage we can see that the writer _______ the Death Valley.A. appreciatesB. is fearful ofC. dislikesD. is tired of【答案解析】本文介绍了美国的一个著名沙漠——“死亡谷”名称的由来以及“死亡谷”奇特的风光。
阅读理解日常生活类综合分类解析经典一、英语阅读理解日常生活类（含答案详细解析）1．阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Here's something you can do.Be calm（冷静）. Sometimes, you feel so angry that you really want to teach somebody a lesson. But being angry can't solve problems. Neither can a fight. Instead, it may bring you more problems. In the school, everyone involved（卷入） in a fight will be punished, no matter who started it. There are winners in a fight.Shout loudly. If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack, turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say "stop" before walking away. Loud voice can usually make the attacker calm down. If the person doesn't stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is nearby.____ Your friend may ask you to join in a fight. Learn to say no. Helping him fight is not really helpful to him. If you really want to give him a hand, try to ask him to give it up. Also, you can tell him if he gets involved in a fight, he may get hurt and be punished. Then, try to learn why he wants a fight and help him find a right way to deal with the problem.（1）The underlined word "attack" in Paragraph 3 means "____" in Chinese.A. 拥抱B. 攻击C. 阻止D. 吸引（2）Which of the following sentences can be put in the ____?A. Face bravely.B. Join in a fight.C. Learn to refuse.D. Talk to someone.（3）The passage is written to ____.A. help students keep away from fightsB. warn students not to fightC. advise students to help each otherD. encourage students to work hard（4）The passage is written in a/an ____ tone（语气）.A. sadB. angryC. seriousD. crazy【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：面对“打架”，我们应该持有的态度及避免打架的方法。
高考英语阅读基本分类高考英语中的阅读有很多不同类型的题目，每个类型都有不同的难度和答题技巧。
考生需要对不同类型做到心中有数，才能在考试中取得优异成绩。
本文将对高考英语阅读基本分类进行介绍，帮助考生更好地备考。
一、完形填空完形填空是高考英语中常见的题型，也是较为基础的题型。
这类题目要求考生根据给出的短文内容，填入适当的词语来完整文章。
最终目的是了解学生的英语语法、单词和篇章的理解能力。
考生在答题过程中需要注意上下文逻辑，理解文章的主旨和作者意图。
常见的完形填空题有两种：文学性完形填空和非文学性完形填空。
文学性完形填空的短文内容常常来自文学作品，要求考生根据上下文及文化背景理解全文并选择合适的参考信息进行填空。
非文学性完形填空，则更为注重语法及逻辑，内容往往是各式各样的科技点和社会实践技能。
考生在做完形填空题时，应首先在不看选项的情况下仔细阅读文章，并理解文章大意，再对照选项选择正确答案。
二、阅读理解阅读理解是高考英语试卷中出现频率最高的题型之一。
在阅读理解中，考生需要根据题目内容，回答与之相关的问题。
阅读理解常常以文章、报道、广告、诗歌等形式出现，考生需要根据内容准确回答问题。
在答题过程中，考生应该根据问题的要求快速阅读文章，并且掌握文章的主题、大意和细节，注意文章中的关键词和短语。
在阅读文章时，考生可以先浏览文章并标注文章段落的主旨和重点，再根据问题进行有目的的阅读和查找。
注意对文章中关键词和连接词的理解和掌握，这有助于理解文章的主旨和细节。
三、匹配题匹配题要求考生根据题目要求，将正文和正文的标题、作者、意义或句子添加的软脱离物归类分类。
匹配题是一个有效的测试阅读理解和思维品质的方法。
匹配题多数在文章中出现，考生需要通过阅读全文来把握文章的主线情节和重要信息。
解答匹配题，注意在阅读文章后，根据审题、记录和分类的方法，设置匹配问题的问题，记录每个选项的细节和确切含义，并进行匹配答案。
四、信息匹配信息匹配题型是高考英语中相对的新题型。
高考英语阅读理解类型高考英语阅读理解类型阅读理解是高考英语试卷中卷面分值最高的，为了方便考生们更好地复习英语，yjbys店铺在这里整理了高考英语阅读理解类型及答题技巧，希望能对考生们有所帮助!【英语阅读文体类型简析】高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有：记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。
[1]、记叙文。
英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。
特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来;文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。
描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。
阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。
高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
[2]、议论文。
英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。
首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。
议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。
因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。
一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。
还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。
把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。
就议论文而言，其论证的常见结构方式有：1，总分式总---分;分----总;总----分---总;2，并列式几个论据之间属于平等关系;3，递进式几个论据之间属于递进关系;4，对照式把两种事物加以对比，以彰显其中一种。
[3]、说明文。
英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份，说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。
常见的说明方法：1，定义与诠释说明;2，举例与引用说明;3，分类与图表说明;4，比较与比喻说明;5，分析与综合说明;就高考英语说明文的阅读而言，首先要抓住文章说明的要点，也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征;弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明;并明白文章最后的说明结论。
高一英语阅读理解试题（生活类）(1)Computers are very important to modern life. Many people think that in the future computers will be used in lots of everyday life. It is thought that we won‟t have to go shopping because we will be able to get most things which are sold in shops on the Internet. There will be no more books because we will be able to get all texts from computers. The Internet will be used to play games, see films and buy food. Most telephone calls will be made by computers, too.Some people are glad about these new ways of shopping and communicating(交际). Others do not think that computers will replace our old ways.Let‟s look at books, for example. Some people think that one day we will not read books made of paper. Instead, we will buy and read books using computers. We will read texts on small pocket computers. The computers will keep many different books in them at the same time. We won‟t need to turn lots of pages and paper will be saved. Computerized(计算机化) books will be used more and more.Is Internet shopping such a pleasure as going to the shop? Many people say it is not. It is a pleasure to go in to shops and look at things you want to buy. It is also unlikely that many people will want to read large texts on our computers. Because paper books will perhaps be more friendly. Maybe computers won‟t change these two habits.1. In paragraph(段落)1 it is thought people will use computers for _______.A. playing games, shopping and making telephone callsB. making telephone calls, having meals and seeing filmsC. seeing films, buying food, and going for holidaysD. playing games, making telephone calls and seeing the doctor2. Which reason for using computerized books is NOT said in the passage?A. Computerized books won‟t be very expensive.B. Computers can keep many different books in them.C. We won‟t have lots of pages.D. We won‟t need any pa per.3. Paragraph 4 tells _______.A. about the old and new ways of shopping and communicatingB. if the Internet will change our habitsC. about computerized booksD. about future uses of computers4. The title for this passage is _______.A. Computers will Replace Shops and BooksB. Computers Are the FutureC. Computers will Do Everything for ManD. How Computers Change Our Habits【答案与解析】本文主要叙述计算机在未来生活中的应用以及计算机能否改变我们的一些生活习惯的问题。
1. A。
细节题。
在第一自然段中我们可知在未来计算机会涉及到我们日常生活的方方面面，其中提到了购物、玩游戏、看电影和打电话。
2. A。
细节题。
从文章的第三自然段中可知计算机可同时贮存许多本书，这样我们就不再看书本了，并且还节约了纸，computerized(计算机化) books 被使用的越来越多。
但有一点理由没有说，那就是computerized books 是非常贵的。
3. B。
语义理解题。
计算机虽给我们带来了许多便利，但有些人仍然喜欢到商店购物，paper books 仍旧受许多人的青睐，那么这Internet 将是否改变人们的习惯呢？4. B。
主旨题。
纵读全文(特别是开头的两句)可知，计算机与我们的生活息息相关，所以说…computers are the future。
(2)Paragraph 1Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. (2) citrus(柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal(谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter, or something like butter.Paragraph 2People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things.Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn‟t matter whether foods are eaten raw(生的) or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn‟t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o‟clock in the afternoon or at eleven o‟clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.Paragraph 3There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the world‟s population so that no one is hungry.The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.1. According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?A. chicken, apples, cereal, cabbagesB. potatoes, carrots, rice, breadC. oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoesD. beef, pork, fish, milk2. It is important for people to eat _______.A. three times a dayB. dinner at twelve o‟clockC. cooked food all the dayD. something from each of the seven kinds of food every day3. People in different countries and different places of the world _______.A. has the right kinds of food to eatB. cooks their food in the same wayC. has their meals at the same timeD. eat food in different ways4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. People in some places don‟t have enough to eat.B. There are too many people in the world.C. One of the problems is that no one is hungry.D. The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy.5. If there is Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?A. When people eat their lunchB. What to do with the two problemsC. How to cook food in different waysD. Why people eat different kinds of food【答案与解析】文章第1段叙述人们每天必需的七类食品；第2段说明了最重要的是吃的是什么；最后一段介绍了要解决的两个问题。
