高考英语 专题冲刺系列同形异义词辨析(九)

10天攻克高考英语词汇Unit 1 同形异义词辨析(10天)Day 11. Critics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has the quality of the programs.A) lessened B) declined C) affected D) effected2. Some plants are very to light; they prefer the shade.A) sensible B) flexible C) objective D) sensitive3. The author was required to submit an of about 200 words together with his research paper.A) edition B) editorial C) article D) abstract4. It is too early to say whether IBM’s petitors will be able to their products to the new hardware at an affordable cost.A) adapt B) stick C) yield D) adopt5. The football game es to you from New York.A) live B) lively C) alive D) living解题小贴士1. [C]选项中有affect，effect，出题者正是看中了我们对这两个单词的认知度不够。

affect意为“影响〞〔verb〕；effect意为“结果，作用，影响〞〔noun〕；lessen意为“减少，减轻〞；decline意为“下倾，下降〞。

正确答案为C，题目译文为：“评论家们认为被大量广告控制的电视已经影响了节目的质量。

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校高考英语专题冲刺系列同形异义词辨析（九）1. They the report to the State council for approval.A) made B) submittedC) committed D) admitted2. We’d like to a table for five for dinner this evening.A) preserve B) reserve C) retain D) sustain3. The European Union countries were once worried that they would not havesupplies of petroleum. (2002.06)A) proficient B) efficientC) potential D) sufficient4. The life of the vice mayor was exposed in the newspaper.A) corrupt B) bankruptC) abrupt D) incorrupt5. Chinese vases are around the gallery according to their authors’ names.A) composed B) disposed C) impose D) expose解题小贴士1. 【B】词根mit意为“送、投掷”；sub-(under)+mit(to send)=（使）服从，（使）顺从（在下面传递）；com-（with）+mit(to send)=委托，犯罪（传送→委托），固定搭配commit a crime犯罪；ad-(to)+mit(to throw)=承认，允许（送入，移进）。

正确答案为B，题目译文为：“他们把报告上交给州议会批准。

”2. 【B】词根serv意为“服务，保持”；pre-(before)+serve(to keep)=保存，保管；re-(back) +serve(to keep)=保留，预定（秘密地保留→不出来）。

able,capable这一对词都是形容词,又都含有“能够”、“能干”之意,但涵义和使用场合有所不同,大致有如下几点区别:(一)在用作定语表示“能干的”意味时,able所描述的范围较概括,capable 所描述的范围较专注,因为前者指某人聪明能干,有多才多艺的概括涵义;后者仅指具有应付某一特指工作要求的能力。

例: She is an able teacher她是个能干的教师。

She is a capable teacher.她是个能胜任工作的教师。

(二)able指“能够”,是一时之现象;capable常用以指“能力”,是经常的现象。

如:I shall not be able to come to the office tomorrow.明天我不能到办公室来(指由于某种原因而暂时不能来)。

She is incapable of manual labour.她不能从事体力劳动(指由于某种长期或经常的原因,例如患病而不能劳动)。

(三)指某人能作某事时,able之后接动词不定式,capable之后接介词of。

例如:We are able to get back to town before dark.我们能够天黑之前赶回市区。

They are not capable of doing the work.他们没有能力做这件工作。

(四)capable除表示“有能力的”意味外,还可用以表示“有可能的”涵义,able则没有这个用法。

如:The situation is capable of improvement.此情况有可能好转。

That oil tanker is capable of being restored.那艘油轮有可能修好。

请注意,下列句中的able是用错了,应改为capable:This book is able to be translated.(错)This book is capable of being translated.(对)That law is able to be evaded.(错)That law is capable of being evaded.(对)(五)able 一般用作正面意义,指好人好事;capable 则是中性词,既可指好事,亦可指坏事,例如在下例中, capable of anything是表示“任何坏事都做得出来”之意:That guy is capable of anything!那家伙什么勾当都会干得出来!(六)able的反义词是unable;capable的反义词是incapable。

高考英语近义词辨析高考英语中，近义词辨析是一个常见的题型，要求考生正确理解和运用近义词，准确地选择最合适的词语填空或完成句子。

以下是几组常见的高考英语近义词辨析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

1. extend / expandExtend和expand都有“扩大、延长”的意思，但用法上略有不同。

Extend更多指向某一方向或尺寸的延伸，而expand则更常用于指增加范围、规模或容量。

例如：- The company plans to extend its operations to other countries.（公司计划将业务扩展到其他国家。

）- The city is looking to expand its public transportation system.（该城市计划扩大公共交通系统。

）2. expect / anticipateExpect和anticipate都可解释为“预期、期待”，但含义和用法存在细微差异。

Expect更常用于表示对未来某事的普遍期待，而anticipate则更偏向于主观意愿或预测。

例如：- I expect you to arrive on time for the meeting.（我期望你会准时参加会议。

）- The team anticipated a challenging game against their rivals.（球队预料到与对手的一场激烈比赛。

）3. generate / produceGenerate和produce都可表示“产生、制造”，但有所区别。

Generate更常用于指创造、产生新的事物或概念，而produce则更倾向于指生产、制造实物。

例如：- The new technology will generate more job opportunities.（新技术将会产生更多的就业机会。

）- The factory produces over a thousand cars each month.（该工厂每月生产一千多辆汽车。

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校高考英语专题冲刺系列同形异义词辨析（五）几天过去了，你对这一类词掌握得如何呀？本天是对前几天的一个复习，古人云：温故而知新。

不要放弃任何一个小小的挑战哟！1. A. This plane is in the （过程）of the flight.B. What’s the （原因）of the accident?C. Where is the （源头）of the river?2. A. Many （式样）of bicycles are on show.B. Fill in the blanks with proper （情态的）verbs.3. A. Little light （闪现）on the wall.B. The Great Wall was made not only of stone, but of the （肉体）and blood of millions of men.C. These are （新鲜的）vegetables.4. A. He asked the man in the water to （抓）the rope.B. The people （喘气）at the cruelty of the bad boss.5. A. The Department of Education gave him a （奖章）for his good work.B. This spear is made of （金属）.6. A. There are seven （奇迹）in the world.B. I saw him （徘徊）in the street.7. A. The boy was （发抖）with cold.B. There is a （寺院）on the top of the hill. 8. A. He （摸）me on the forehead with his left hand.B. The boss is very （粗暴）.9. A. We have friends （遍及）the world.B. The Xiang River flows （通过）Changsha.C. The doctor gave the boy a （彻底的）examination.D. （虽然）he is a student, he knows a lot.10. A. The old man was （挨饿）to death.B. The teacher （凝视）the class into silence.11. A. The whole nation was in deep （悲哀）at this news.B. The road is so （狭窄的）that two cars can’t pass.12. A. She got a （严重的）illness.B. Don’t be （好奇的）about everything.C. He felt （紧张的）when he said it to her.13. A. There are seven heads of （牛）in the meadow.B. The （战斗）was over soon.C. How many （瓶）of beer are there on the table?14. A. Beijing is the （首都）of China.B. He is a （上尉）in an army.15. A. This （技术的）school was set up in 1960.B. The violinist’s （技巧）was excellent.16. A. I （想）he’ll pass the examination.B. He is an （专家）on foreign affairs.17. A. The （质量）of this kind of paper is quite good.B. He has a large （数量）of books.18. A. The village had already been （抛弃）when the enemy arrived.B. There are （许多）supplies of wood in the forest.19. A. The two parties （冲突）with each other on the questionof tax deduction.B. The city police held a campaign to （压制）all kinds of crimes.C. The table overturned and the trays （摔）down the ground to pieces.20. A. He quitted because he did not think it was worth （竞争）for.B. You can choose any part of the book to read according to the table of（内容）.C. My parents would never （同意）to such an unsuitable marriage.21. A. He has （致力）his whole life to the national sports development.B. The foreign visitors were amazed at the （精致）traditional Chinese works of art.22. A. His smile seemed to indicate his （含蓄的）consent to the way of my handling the matter. B. The doctor patiently gave Tom （明确的）instructions abouttaking these medicines.23. A. If you lose the bet, you should clear away all the （脏乱）in the house.B. Sorry, I cannot stay with you tonight as I have a （多）of work to do.24. A. A good （原则）is not to borrow money you can’t repay.B. The （主要）reason for changing the job is that he is not getting along well with his superior.25. A. Mankind has never stopped his efforts to explore the （外部）world.B. With an attractive packaging, the beer which is inferior in quality looks quite（高级）.26. A. The official was sent to （设计）the work of controlling the flood in that area.B. He’s been （复习）his notes all week for the coming history examination.27. A. He likes to wear suits made of fine cotton instead of （粗糙的）material.B. He called upon God to （诅咒）his cruel and ungrateful son.28. A. Every one of the audience （鼓掌）when the tenor finishedWhat has to be broken before it can be used? his song.B. Grandpa had his grandson on his （膝盖）and read him a story.29. A. The official was arrested soon after he was found to haveaccepted （贿赂）.B. The （新娘）was worried about her future the day before hermarriage ceremony.30. A. It’s （肯定的）that he’ll pass the examination.B. They asked a boy to draw the （幕布）.雅典奥运会胜利闭幕，火炬传给了中国北京。

2012高考英语完形填空高频近义词的辨析这类试题属于义近形异名词的辨析。

其特点是四个选项都属于名词，词义相同或者相近。

其主要考查考生在具体的语境中，对所给四个名词作出确切中文解释的同时,并对其细微差异作出准确判断的能力。

下面列举一些容易混淆的名词：(1)event, incident, affair, matterevent意为"（尤指）重要事情，大事",用在in that event, in any event 结构中的时候,可与case替换。

incident意为"发生的事情,严重事件，暴力事件",用于表示突发事件或偶然发生的事件。

affair意为"公共事务，政治事务，事件,风流韵事",如:a love affair, affairs of s tate。

matter意为"事情,问题,事态，关乎……的事情"。

如:It is a matter of time.这只是个时间问题。

(2)force, strength, power, energyforce, strength, power, energy 都有"力"的意思。

force强调力所产生的实际效果, 如: The law should remain in force. 法律应当有效力。

strength指"体力，力量，力气", 如: He is a man of great strength。

他是个大力士。

power 指"能力，控制", 着重行动所依据的能力或职权。

如: It’s beyond my power. 它超出了我的职权。

energy原是物理学上的术语"能量", 用于人时则指"精力"。

如: He worked with great energy. 他精力充沛地工作。

高考英语复习相似词语辨析1.force/makeHe was forced to leave his homeland for political reasons.由于政治原因，他被迫离开了自己的祖国。

How did the bat make the birds believe that he was on their side?蝙蝠是怎样使鸟儿们相信他是站在他们这边的？<辨析>两者都可以作“迫使”解。

force 表示用武力或威胁迫使某人做某事，宾语发出的动作常带有不情愿的意味。

这种动作可以用带 to 的不定式表示，也可以用动名词表示。

用动名词时，要与介词 into 连用。

例如：We forced him to go(into going).我们迫使他去。

make 的用法比较广泛，它所表示的强迫性有时不如 force 强，其宾语之后的不定式要省去 to。

但当 m ake 用于被动语态时，所省去的 to 要补上。

例如：I was made to go there alone.我被迫一个人去那里。

2.before long/long beforeBefore long he had to move on again.不久他不得不再迁移。

She said that she had heard of it long before.她说，她老早就听说过这件事。

<辨析>before long 与 long before 是词义完全相同的两个词组。

before long 意为“很快”，“不久”(soon,after a short period of time)，其中 before 是介词，long 是名词。

常在句中作状语，多与动词的过去时或将来时连用。

如：I'll go to Shanghai before long.不久我要去上海。

long before 意为“很久以前”，其中 long 是副词，long before 单独使用时，before 是副词。