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第一章测试1【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisnotacharacteristicofaperfectcompetitivemarket?A.Itishighlyregulated.B.Price,cost,andqualityinformationareequallydistributed.C.Anearlyinfinitesetofsupplierscompeteagainstoneanother.D.Customershaveaccesstoallrelevantinformationworldwide.2【单选题】(2分)Allofthefollowingwerevisionsofe-commerceexpressedduringtheearlyyearsofe-commerc eexcept:A.disintermediation.B.anearlyperfectinformationmarketspace.C.friction-freecommerce.D.fastfolloweradvantage.3【多选题】(2分)TheReinventionperiodischaracterizedby_________.A.viralmarketingB.disintermediationC.user-generatedcontentD.localeconomy4【单选题】(2分)Theearlyyearsofe-commerceareconsidered:A.aneconomist'sdreamcometrue,whereforabrieftime,consumershadaccesstoallrelevantmarketinformationa ndtransactioncostsplummeted.B. astunningtechnologicalsuccessastheInternetandtheWebincreasedfromafewthousandtobillionsofe-comm ercetransactionsperyear.C.adramaticbusinesssuccessas85%ofdot-comsformedsince1995becameflourishingbusinesses.D. themostpromisingtimeinhistoryforthesuccessfulimplementationoffirstmoveradvantages.5【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingreferstoanydisparityinrelevantmarketinformationamongpartiesinatr ansaction?A.imperfectcompetitionB.dynamicpricingC.informationasymmetryD.unfaircompetitiveadvantage6【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthetraditionaltradeoffbetweentherichnessan dreachofamarketingmessagepriortothedevelopmentoftheWeb?A.Thesmallertheaudiencereached,thelessrichthemessage.B.Marketingmessageshadlittlerichness.C.Richnesswasunrelatedtoreach.D.Thelargertheaudiencereached,thelessrichthemessage.7【单选题】(2分)Whichofthefollowingisnotauniquefeatureofe-commercetechnology?A.socialtechnologyB.informationasymmetryC.interactivityD.richness8【单选题】(2分)E-commerceisavailablejustabouteverywhereandanytime.Thisisknownas:A.ubiquity.B.reach.C.richness.D.informationdensity.9【判断题】(2分) Interactivitythatenablesproductcustomizationaltersindustrystructurebydecreasingthethr eatofsubstitutes.A.对B.错10【判断题】(2分) Costtransparencyreferstotheeasewithwhichconsumerscanfindoutthevarietyofpricesina marketA.对B.错11【多选题】(2分)Theuniquefeaturesofe-commercetechnologyinclude:A.UbiquityB.SpecificstandardsC.GlobalReachD.Richness12【多选题】(2分)Thegrowthofsociale-commerceisdrivenby_________.A.sharingofproducts,services,andcontentonsocialaccountsB.networknotificationC.integratedsocialcommercetoolsD.socialsign-on13【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisaleadingplatformforsociale-commerce?A.AmazonB.WikipediaC.FacebookD.eBay14【单选题】(2分)Whichtypeofe-commercegeneratedthelargestrevenue？A.M-commerceB.B2CC.B2BD.C2C15【多选题】(2分)Economistsearlyvisionsaboute-commerceinclude_________A.ConsumersarenotpricesensitiveB.InformationasymmetrywouldbegreatlyreducedC.anearlyperfectcompetitiveD.disintermediation第二章测试1【判断题】(2分)Ane-commercebusinessmodelaimstouseandleveragetheuniquequalitiesoftheInternet,th eWeb,andthemobileplatform.A.对B.错2【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftheaffiliaterevenuemodel?A.JDB.QQmusicC.eBayD.Amazon3【单选题】(2分) Assumeyouareanalyzingthemarketopportunityofadistancelearningcompany,Learnmore. com,thatcreateseducationcoursesdeliveredovertheInternetfortheFortune1000corporate market.Assumethattheoverallsizeofthedistancelearningmarketis$25billion.Theoverallm arketcanbebrokendownintothreemajormarketsegments:Corporate,College,andElement ary/HighSchool,eachofwhichaccountsforathirdofthemarket.WithintheCorporatemarket,t herearetwomarketniches:Fortune1000,whichaccountsfor60%ofthemarket,andallothers, whichtogetheraccountfor40%'srealisticmarketoppor tunity,approximately?A.$5billionB.$6.6billionC.$165billionD.$25billion4【单选题】(2分) AllofthefollowingcanbeconsideredadirectorindirectcompetitorofAmazonexcept:A.Priceline.B.eBay.C.Apple'siTunesStore.D.Walmart.5【单选题】(2分) Allofthefollowingmayleadtoacompetitiveadvantageexcept:A.fewerproducts.B.lessexpensivesuppliers.C.betteremployees.D.superiorproducts.6【判断题】(2分) Thesinglemostimportantelementofabusinessmodelisthemanagementteamresponsiblefo rmakingthemodelwork.A.错B.对7【判断题】(2分)Cooperationwithkeyopinionleaders(KOL)hasbecomethemostpopularmarketingstrategyf orsocialmediaplatformsandadvertisersinChina.A.错B.对8【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofacompanyusingthecontentprovidermodel?A.DellB.eBayC.NetflixD.Priceline9【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisnotavariationofthee-tailerbusinessmodel?A.bricks-and-clicksB.virtualmerchantC.manufacturer-directD.marketcreator10【多选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingbelongtomajortypesofe-tailers?A.virtualmerchantB.bricks-and-clicksC.CommunityprovidersD.manufacturer-direct11【多选题】(2分)Serviceproviderstrade_________forrevenue.A.CapabilitiesB.KnowledgeC.ExpertiseD.Products12【判断题】(2分)On-demandservicecompaniesarecharacterizedbythefreesharingofresourcesbetweenth ecompanyandconsumers.A.错B.对13【单选题】(2分)A______isadigitalnetworkdesignedtocoordinatetheflowofcommunicationsamongfirmse ngagedinbusinesstogether.A.industryconsortiaB.privateindustrialnetworkC.exchangeD.e-distributor14【多选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingcompaniesareexamplesofindustryconsortia?A.GraingerB.BoschC.AribaD.Schaeffler15【多选题】(2分)WhichofthefollowingaretrueforWalmart’snetwork?A.monitorthesalesoftheirgoodsB.monitortheactualinventoryleveloftheirgoodsC.ItisoneofthelargestprivateindustrialnetworksintheworldD.Noneoftheabove第三章测试1【判断题】(2分) AroughlyequalpercentageofmenandwomenusetheInternettoday.A.对B.错2【多选题】(2分)Consumerbehavioristhestudyofhowindividuals,groups,andorganizations_______goods, services,ideas,orexperiencestosatisfytheirneedsandwants.A.BuyB.UseC.SelectD.Disposeof3【判断题】(2分)ChineseSingles’DayshoppingfestivalisasuccessfulapplicationofFOMO.A.错B.对4【多选题】(2分)Aconsumer’sbuyingbehaviorisinfluencedbyindependentdemographicvariableswhichincl ude__________.A.CulturalfactorsB.MarketingcampaignsC.SocialfactorsD.Psychologicalfactors5【单选题】(2分)______occurswhenacompetitorclicksonsearchengineresultsandads,forcingtheadvertis ertopayfortheclickeventhoughtheclickisnotjustified.A.BiddingprocessB.LinkfarmC.AdBlockingD.Clickfraud6【多选题】(2分)Howcanabusinessoptimizeitswebsite?A.updatecontentfrequentlyB.makeahighbidintheSEMauctionC.designthesitetobeeasilyrecognizedandreadbythesearchengineD.CarefullychoosekeywordsusedontheWebpages7【多选题】(2分)Both________and_________arethemainthingsthatdetermineyourperformanceintheauc tion.A.TopicofyourwebsiteB.ThemaximumCPCC.QualityscoreD.Brand8【判断题】(2分)Organicsearchresultsdependsonabiasedalgorithm.A.对B.错9【判断题】(2分)AmazonAssociatesProgramisaprivateindustrialnetworks.A.错B.对10【判断题】(2分)Contextadvertisingisbasedonapay-per-clickbasis.A.错B.对11【单选题】(2分) Advertisingnetworksallowadvertiserstargetspecificcustomersbasedontheprofileoftheau dienceviewingthecontent.Thisiscalled__________.A.contextadvertisingB.personalizedadvertisingC.viraladvertisingD.seachengineoptimization12【单选题】(2分) WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofadvertisingnetworks’functions?A.Designadvertisement.B.Handlethemoneyinvolved.C.Createanetworkofbothpublishersandadvertisersandplacerelevant/personalizedadsonpublishers.D.Collectandsharedatawithbusinesses.13【判断题】(2分) RichMediaAdsarealsotheleasteffectiveandthelowestcostformofonlinemarketing.A.对B.错14【判断题】(2分) RichMediaAdsarefarmoreeffectivethansimplebannerads.A.对B.错15【判断题】(2分)Comparedwithotheradformats,sponsorshipsarenotinanovertlycommercialmanner.A.错B.对第四章测试1【多选题】(2分)Whichofthefollowingaresocialmarketingplayers?A.TikTok(抖音)B.TaobaoC.PinterestD.RED（小红书）2【判断题】(2分) Socialmarketingstrengthensthebrandanddrivessalesbyhavingconversationwithcustome rs.A.对B.错3【多选题】(2分)Whichofthefollowingistheonlineversionofword-of-mouthadvertising?A.LocalmarketingB.SearchenginemarketingC.MobilemarketingD.Viralmarketing4【多选题】(2分)Themovie NeZha appliedthefollowingviralmarketingstrategies:______.A.ManystarsalsoforwardedpostsaboutthemovieandevencosplayedNeZha.B.therearenumerousmomentsinthemoviethatweredeeplyresonant.C.GoodqualityofthemovieledtopositivecommentsonDoubanD.createdpostsonWeibowithkeyswordssuchas“国漫崛起”，“东方神话IP”whicharousedaudience’spatriotics entiment.5【单选题】(2分)________referstoamoreorlessstablegroupoffanswhoareengagedandcommunicatingwit honeanotheroverasubstantialperiodoftime.A.fanacquisitionB.communityC.amplificationD.barndstrength6【多选题】(2分) Marketershaveanumberoftacticstobuildcommunities,includingA.insideinformationonnewproductsB.freegiftsforbringinginnewmembers.C.pricediscountforloyaltyD.guidanceandrecommendationsforcustomers7【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularuseformobiledevices?A.performingtasks,suchasfinancesB.shoppingC.socializingD.entertainment8【单选题】(2分)Whichofthefollowingisthesecond-mostpopularmobilemarketingformat?A.mobilemessagingB.displayadvertisingC.searchengineadvertisingD.videoadvertising9【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingaccountsforthemostmobileadspending?A.SMStextmessagesB.searchengineadvertisingC.displayadsD.videoads10【判断题】(2分) Chinesepeopleprimarilyusemobiledevicesforshoppingorbuying.A.对B.错11【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularmobilemarketingformat?A.displayadvertisingB.searchengineadvertisingC.videoadvertisingD.mobilemessaging12【判断题】(2分) Displayadvertisinghasthelargestsizeofmobilemarketingexpenditures.A.对B.错13【单选题】(2分)Friend-finderservices答案thequestionof__________.A.Whereareyou?Where’sthecrowd?B.Whereismychild?C.What'sthebestrestaurantintheneighborhood?D.HowamIdoinginjogging?14【判断题】(2分) Localmarketingisbasedonthemarketingtheory—demographicsegmentation.A.错B.对15【多选题】(2分) TheGPSreceiversinthesmartphonesalongwithothertechniques,meantthatauser’slocatio ncouldbefairlywellknownby_________.A.MarketersB.serviceprovidersC.telecomcarriersD.cellphonemanufacturers第五章测试1【单选题】(2分) Virtualmerchantsfacepotentiallylargecostsforallofthefollowingexcept:A.buildingandmaintainingawebsite.B.buildinganorderfulfillmentinfrastructure.C.developingabrandname.D.buildingandmaintainingphysicalstores.2【判断题】(2分)Manufacturer-directfirmsaresingle-channelmanufacturers.A.对B.错3【多选题】(2分)Manufacturer-directmodelhasfollowingadvantages___________.A.createchannelconflictsB. eliminatetheneedtosupportawholesaleandretailsalesnetwork,C.givethefirmcompletecontroloveritscustomerdatabase.D.simplifythecompany’soperations4【多选题】(2分)__________haveanetworkofphysicalstoresastheirprimaryretailchannel,butalsohaveonli neofferings.A.virtualmerchantsB.bricks-and-clickscompaniesC.manufacture-directcompaniesD.omini-channelmerchants5【多选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingaretrueforbigdataandpowerfulanalyticsprograms?A.recommendproductsbeforetheyaskB.IntendtomakeconsumersallintobigspendersC.makepossiblepredictivemarketingD.tosendpersonalizedmessagestocustomers6【判断题】(2分) StitchFixonlyreliesonbigdatatoclothingitemsandaccessoriesforcusomers.A.错B.对7【判断题】(2分) MassiveandwellservedSMEmarketisonedrivingforceofFintechinChina.A.对B.错8【判断题】(2分)Antchecklater(花呗)givescreditratingstousersbyleveragingusers’merchantdataontheplat form.A.错B.对9【判断题】(2分)Payment/remittanceshasthelargestsizeofFintechservices.A.错B.对10【判断题】(2分)Antchecklater(花呗)isavirtualcreditcardtypeofproductthatfacilitatescreditpayments.A.对B.错11【单选题】(2分)Purchaseofalltravelelementsare_________offeredbyonlinetravelsites.A.commerceB.customerserviceC.contentD.community12【多选题】(2分)Consumers’travelrequirementsinclude_________.A.paymentB.comparisonshoppingC.researchingD.planningE.reserving13【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisnotamajortrendintheonlinerecruitmentservicesindustry?A.socialrecruitingB.MillennialsandGenXprimarilyusemobiledevicestosearchforjobsC.disintermediationD.useofbigdatatechnologiesinthehiringprocess14【判断题】(2分)“Passivetalent”referstopeoplewhoarenotactivelylookingforanewjob.A.错B.对15【判断题】(2分) Sharingeconomybusinessmodelhasnonegativeoutcomes.A.对B.错第六章测试1【单选题】(2分)WhatdoesALaCartemean?A.payandacquireallthecontentB.payforwhatyouuseC.allyoucaneatD. basicservicesarefreebutmoreadvancedfeaturesmustbepaidfor.2【多选题】(2分) WhichoneistrueforFreemium?A.payandacquireallthecontentB.moreadvancedfeaturesmustbepaidfor.C.payforwhatyouuseD.basicservicesareprovidedfreeofcharge3【判断题】(2分)There’snothingcontradictoryaboutallthreemodels:subscription,ALaCarteandfreemium.A.对B.错4【单选题】(2分)__________referstotheconvergenceofdesign,production,anddistributionofthecontent.A.contentconvergenceB.mediaconvergenceC.technologicalconvergenceD.industrystructureconvergence5【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisnotanexampleofindustrystructureconvergence?A.Apple’sdevelopmentoftheiPadB.Amazon’screationofAmazonBooksPublishingC.AT&T’sacquisitionofTimeWarnerD.Verizon’sacquisitionofYahoo6【单选题】(2分) WhichofthefollowingtypesofonlinecontentisconsumedbythelowestpercentageofInternet users?A.e-booksB.digitalaudioC.videoD.magazines7【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingisnotanadvantagethatpuredigitalnewssiteshaveoverprintnewspape rs?A.Theycantakeadvantageofnewertechnologiesforproducingthenews.B.Theyhavealowercoststructure.C.Theyofferhigherqualityjournalism.D. Theycancreatenewworkflowsandbusinessprocessesthataremoretimelyandefficient.8【多选题】(2分)WhichofthefollowingaretrueforPrint-centricperiod?A.Thetechnologyplatformwasthedesktoporlaptopplatform.B.Thetoppriorityisproducingthemostengaging,continuallyupdateddigitaleditionC.TherewerenochanceforthemtohaveanyinteractionsD.Newspapersadoptedmultimediaelementssuchasvideo,addedmoreinteractiveelementslikecrosswordpuzzl esandcontests9【判断题】(2分)“Contentisking”meansowninghigh-qualitycontentprovidesagoldenopportunitytogenerate revenue.A.对B.错10【判断题】(2分)Inthetraditionalprocess,pricesdeterminedlargelybytheauthor.A.对B.错11【多选题】(2分)Amazon’sdigitalecosystemsbroughtunprecedentedchangetoonlinebookintermsof_____ ______.A.MarketingB.ContentC.PublishingD.AuthorshipE.Readership12【单选题】(2分)________wassuedbytheJusticeDepartmentforviolatingantitrustlawsinconnectionwithe-books.A.AmazonB.Barnes&NobleC.AppleD.Google13【单选题】(2分)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaboutOTT?A.TouseOTTservices,consumersmustpurchaseabundleofchannels.B.OTTentertainmentservicesareathreattocable/satellitetelevisiondeliverysystems.C.OTTservicesincludetheabilitytodownloadcontentafterpurchaseorrental,aswellassubscriptionstreamingan d“live”TVservic es.D.OTTenablesautomaticadvertisingtransactions.14【判断题】(2分) Streaminghasreplaceddownloadingasthepreferredconsumerviewingplatformforhomeen tertainmentcontent.A.对B.错15【多选题】(2分)WhichofthefollowingaretrueforOTTadvertising?A.ItallowstheadvertiserstoreachtherightaudienceattherighttimeB.Commercialsarebasedonherlocation,interestanddemographicsC.ItputsmoreattentiononthecontentD.OTTadvertisingisoftenboughtandsoldprogrammatically第七章测试1【多选题】(2分) Socialnetworksattractpeoplewithsharedinterests,suchas________.A.sportsB.vacationsC.hobbiesD.religion2【单选题】(2分)Doubanisanexampleofa(n)________socialnetwork.A.affinity-basedB.practice-basedC.generalD.interest-based3【判断题】(2分)WithAPItechnology,Facebookopensupitsplatformandgivesotherappsorwebsitestheacce sstoitsdata.A.错B.对4【多选题】(2分)Whichofthefollowingaretrueforgeneralcommunity?A.Facebookisworld’smostpopularonlinesocialnetworkwiththelargestnumberofmonthlyactiveusers.B.Typicalexamplesincludefacebook,QQzone,Douban.C. Thebusinessmodelofgeneralcommunitiesistypicallyadvertisingsupportedbysellinggoods.D.Thepurposeofthegeneralcommunityistoattractlargeenoughaudience.5【单选题】(2分)Awebsitedesignedaroundacommunityofmemberswhoself-identifywithademographicorg eographiccategoryisclassifiedasa(n):A.sponsoredcommunity.B.interest-basedsocialnetwork.C.practicenetwork.D.affinitycommunity.6【单选题】(2分)爸妈网is____________designedtoattractparentsbyofferingdiscussionandservicesthatf ocusonEnglisheducationforearlychildhood.A.PracticenetworkB.Interest-basedsocialnetworkC.GeneralcommunityD.Affinitycommunity7【判断题】(2分)Sponsoredcommunitiesareallnon-profitonlinecommunitiesforthepurposeofpursuingorga nizationalgoals.A.对B.错8【单选题】(2分) Whichofthefollowingistheexampleofsponsoredcommunity?A.B.水木社区C.ResearchGateD.Douban9【单选题】(2分)ResearchGateisa__________forscientistsandresearcherstosharepapers,askand答案q uestions,andfindcollaborators.A.PracticenetworkB.Interest-basedsocialnetworkC.AffinitycommunityD.Generalcommunity10【多选题】(2分)Whichofthefollowingaregoalsofsponsoredcommunities?A.TodevelopinternalsocialnetworksB.ToshareknowledgeC.TosellgoodsD.Toincreasetheinformationavailabletoitsmembers11【判断题】(2分) SocialmediainfluencerisalsocalledInternetcelebrity.A.对B.错12【多选题】(2分) Inwhatwayscaninfluencersturnthetrafficintorealcash?A.showingadvertisementsB.postingviralvideosonvideohostingcommunitiesC.directingtheirfanstoonlineshopsD.receivingvirtualgifts13【多选题】(2分) WhichofthefollowingaretrueforthesocialmediainfluencerLiJiaqi(李佳琦)?A.Themediahasdubbedhimthe"LipstickKing".B.Hehasnotcooperatedwithcelebrities.C.HeisaChinesefoodandcountry-lifeblogger.D.Hegivesasubjectivecommentontheproducts,notjustbragging.Hisfansreallyappreciatehissincerity.14【判断题】(2分)Socialnetworksalsopresentenormousrisksforindividuals,communities,firms,andevenfors ocietyasawhole.A.错B.对15【多选题】(2分)WhichofthefollowingaretrueforFacebook’sCambridgeAnalyticadatascandal?A.Facebookpaidarecord-breaking5billiondollarsfine,byfarthelargestpenaltyeverimposedonacompanyforviol atingconsumers'privacyrights.B.FacebookhadeverdemandedthattheydeleteallofthedatathattheyhadobtainedinviolationofFacebook'srules.C.CambridgeAnalyticawasabletogetaccesstoinformationofasmanyas50millionpeople.D. CambridgeAnalyticaonlycollectedthepersonalinformationofpeoplewhoagreedtotakethesurvey.第八章测试1【单选题】(2分)WhatarethebenefitsforB2BE-commerceA.VisibilitycanbefullyrealizedB.IncreaseproductionflexibilityC.DecreaseproductcycletimeD.Increaseopportunitiesforcollaboratingwithsuppliersanddistributors2【多选题】(2分)WhichofthefollowingaretrueforB2BE-commerce?A.CreategreaterpricetransparencyB.LowersearchcostsforbuyersC.manyFortune1000supplychainsarerisky,vulnerable,andsociallyandenvironmentallyunsustainableD.Lowertransactioncosts3【单选题】(2分)________purchasinginvolvesthepurchaseofgoodsbasedonimmediateneedsinlargermar ketplacesthatinvolvemanysuppliers.A.VerticalB.SpotC.BulkD.Indirect4【判断题】(2分)MROgoodsarealsoknownasdirectgoods.A.错。
第一章练习题一、判断题（√）1. 从电子商务服务对象的范围来看，企业与消费者间的电子商务称之为B2C。
（√）2. 只要是有形货物的电子订货和付款，就属于间接电子商务。
（√）3. 可以说，电子商务（EC）是指实现整个贸易活动的自动化和电子化。
（⨯）4. HP公司将电子商务的概念分为了三个部分，分别是企业内部网(Intranet)、企业外部网(Extranet)、电子商贸(E-commerce)。
（⨯）5. E-Commerce等于E-Business，E-Business活动就是E-Commerce活动。
（⨯）6. 根据市场要素的组合，海尔开展的电子商务属于：网络公司+实物商品/服务+在线过程。
（⨯）7. 根据市场要素的组合，百度开展的电子商务属于：实物公司+实物商品/服务+在线过程。
（√）8.可以说现代意义的电子商务经历了两个阶段，一是专用网上的电子交易阶段，二是基于互联网的电子商务阶段。
二、单项选择题1. 电子数据交换的简称是( B )A.EFTB.EDID.EC2. 电子商务的概念模型包含了交易主体、交易事物和电子市场三个部分，为了完成交易活动需要物流、（ A ）和信息流。
A.资金流B.商流C. 交换物D.渠道流3. 在电子商务的应用框架中，可以把电子商务的技术设施分为三层来理解，分别是网络层、信息发布与传输层和（ C ）。
A.数据链路层B.会话层C. 应用服务层D.物理层4.一个完整的网络交易安全体系，不必须包括( C )A.法律健全B.技术安全C.福利保障D.管理安全5. 电子商务的任何一笔交易都包含（ B ）。
A. 物流、资金流、事务流B. 资金流、物流、信息流C. 资金流、物流、人才流D. 交易流、信息流、物流6. 企业间网络交易使电子商务的哪一种基本形式（ C ）。
A. G2CB. G2BC. B2BD. B2C7. 消费者间网络交易使电子商务的哪一种基本形式（ A ）。
A. C2CB. G2BC. B2BD. B2C8. 以下商品买卖属于直接电子商务的是（ C ）。
第十二章电子商务第一节一般条款第一条定义就本章而言：（一）计算设施指用于商业用途的信息处理或存储的计算机服务器和存储设备；（二）涵盖的人指：1. 第十章第一条（定义）第（一）项定义的“涵盖投资”；2. 第十章第一条（定义）第（五）项定义的“一缔约方的投资者”，但不包括金融机构的投资者或金融服务提供者的投资者1；或者3. 第八章第一条（定义）定义的缔约方的服务提供者，但不包括第八章附件一（金融服务）第一条（定义）定义的“金融机构”、“公共实体”或者“金融服务提供者”。
（三）电子认证指为建立对一电子声明或请求可靠性的信心而对该声明或请求进行核实或检测的过程；以及（四）非应邀商业电子信息指出于商业或营销目的，未经接收人同意或者接收人已明确拒绝，仍向其电子地址发送的电子信息。
21为进一步明确，金融机构的投资者或金融服务提供者的投资者，就其他非金融机构或金融服务提供者的投资而言，仍可为“涵盖的人”。
2一缔约方可以将该定义适用于通过一种或多种方式传递的非应邀商业电子信息，包括短信服务（SMS）或者电子邮件。
尽管有此脚注，缔约方应该努力采取或维持与第十二章第九条（非应邀商业电子信息）相一致的措施，这些措施适用于非应邀商业电子信息的其他传递方式。
第二条原则和目标一、缔约方认识到电子商务提供的经济增长和机会、建立框架以促进消费者对电子商务信心的重要性，以及便利电子商务发展和使用的重要性。
二、本章的目标为：（一）促进缔约方之间的电子商务，以及全球范围内电子商务的更广泛使用；（二）致力于为电子商务的使用创造一个信任和有信心的环境；以及（三）加强缔约方在电子商务发展方面的合作。
第三条范围3一、本章应当适用于一缔约方采取或维持的影响电子商务的措施。
二、本章不得适用于政府采购。
三、本章不得适用于一缔约方持有或处理的信息，或者与此类信息相关的措施，包括与该信息收集相关的措施。
四、第十二章第十四条（计算设施的位臵）和第十二章第十五条（电子方式跨境信息传输）不得适用于一缔约方采取的与第八章（服务贸易）或第十章（投资）义务不符的措施，只要该措施的采取或维持是根据下列内容：（一）第八章第八条（不符措施承诺表）或第十章第八条（保留和不符措施）；3为进一步明确，缔约方确认本章项下的义务不损害任何缔约方在WTO的立场。
