初中英语语法知识—形容词的知识点总复习附解析(2)

初中英语语法全解——形容词一、形容词概述形容词是用来修饰名词或部分代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态或特征的词。

（一）形容词的种类1.性质形容词性质形容词是指直接说明事物的性质、特征的形容词。

它有等积変化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可以作定语、表语和宾语补足语。

大部分形容词时性质形容词。

She is a very clever girl.We must do something to make the world more beautiful.2.叙述形容词叙述形容词一般只能作表语，所以又称为表于形容词。

这类形容词没有等级的变化，也不可以用程度副词修饰。

如：afraid,alive,alone,asleep,awake,ill等。

Please turn down the radio. The baby is asleep.If you are ill, you must see the doctor.（二）形容词的构成英语中，自身是形容词的占大多数。

如：hot; big; long; tall等。

有少数形容词是由其他词变化而来的。

（1）名词+后缀构成的形容词（2）复合形容词复合形容词是指几个词共同组成并起形容词作用的词。

主要用作定语，不作表语。

常见的有以下几种：二、形容词的句法功能1.作定语形容词作定语，用来修饰名词或代词。

We are good friends.It’s a good car, but I’m looking for something newer.2.作表语形容词置于连系动词之后作表语。

You look pretty with your hair down.It’s easy for me.3.作宾语补足语形容词放在宾语之后作宾语补足语。

I like my job because I want to make sick people better.I find them very useful.4.作状语形容词作状语，常用来说明主语的情况。

形容词：考点一：形容词的基本用法1. 形容词的作用及位置说明人或事物的性质、特征或状态，常用来修饰名词或者不定代词的词叫形容词。

（1) 作定语，修饰名词放在名词之前，修饰复合不定代词放在不定代词之后。

如：①He has long straight brown hair and big eyes. 他有长而直的棕色头发和大眼睛。

②) Did you do anything interesting last weekend? 上周末你做了什么有趣的事情了吗？（2) 作表语，放在系动词之后。

如：She knows hamburgers are not good for her, but they taste good. 她知道汉堡包对自己没有好处，但是它们很美味。

（3) 作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make、leave、keep、find等动词连用。

如：There we put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm. 在那里，我们搭起帐篷，堆起了，堆来保持温暖。

2. 形容词的名词化某些形容词放在定冠词之后，相当于名词，表示一类人，常见词有good/bad、rich/poor、young old等。

如：The young should be polite to the old. 年轻人应该对老人有礼貌。

3. 形容词的排列顺序当名词由两个以上的形容词和一些具有形容词功能的限定词修饰时，这些词的顺序通常遵循一定的规则，一般不得随意调换，也不能依照汉语的习惯去排列。

通常可按下面的顺序排列：（1) 限定词，包括：冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。

（2) 表示观点的描述性形容词，如：beautiful、fine、interesting等。

（3) 表示大小、长短、高低等的形容词，如：tall、high、small、little、round等。

形容词和副词用法总结及练习一、形容词：（一）概念：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，通常分成两类：1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。

2. 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。

例如：afraid, asleep, awake, alone, alive, awake, ashamed, alike。

其他常见表语形容词：worth, ready, sorry, well（二）形容词在句中的位置：有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置形容词；少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置形容词。

1）当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时，形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。

一般规则为：（限定词）→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→（名词）。

如：There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village.2）【重点】当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时，或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing 等的时候，便会出现后置形容词。

如：The boy interested in music is my brother. Do you have anything interesting to tell us?二、副词：（一）概念：用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。

例如：not（不），here（这里），now（现在）。

不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。

如：Have you read this book before? (副词，作时间状语)He will arrive before ten o’clock. （介词，before ten o’clock 是介词短语，作时间状语）（二）副词的种类1、时间副词：1）表示发生时间的副词：It’s beginning to rain now! 现在开始下雨了！2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前: She often changes her mind.3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。

形容词和副词的用法1.To learn the basic usage of adjectives and adverbs in this unit.2.To learn the comparative level of adjectives and adverbs in this unit3.Attract students’ interest to English learning.【考点1】形容词和副词的基本用法（一）形容词1. 形容词的用法及位置说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。

(1) 作定语，放在名词之前，复合不定代词之后。

如：The nice girl is my sister.(2) 作表语，放在系动词之后。

如：He looks very happy.(3) 作宾补，放在宾语之前，常与make, leave, keep等动词连用。

如：You must keep your eyes closed.【即学即练】Paul stayed up late to watch the soccer game last night and now he feels very _____.（2016贵阳）A. sleepB. asleepC. sleepy答案：C2. 形容词的名词化某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人，常见词有good/ bad/, rich/ poor, young/ old, black/ white等。

如：The young should be polite to the old.3. 形容词的顺序当名词由两个以上的形容词（包括一些具有形容词功能的限定词）修饰时，这些词的顺序通常遵循一定的规则，一般不得随意调换，也不能依照汉语的意思去排列。

通常可按下面的次序排列：(1) 限定词，包括：冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。

（最新版）人教版初中英语形容词副词知识点总结归纳重难点汇总复习资料大全【精品推荐】形容词和副词的比较级和最高级绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。

一、形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。

例如: tall good bad二、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。

其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little，a lot修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。

三、比较级和最高级的构成：（1）规则变化：①一般在词尾加-er，最高级在词尾加-este.g:high—higher—highest tall--taller--tallest short --shorter--shorter②以字母e结尾的比较级直接在词尾加-r，最高级加-st.e.g:nice--nicer -nicest fine--finer-finest late—later --latest③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为i，比较级加-er”，最高级加-est.e.g:early—earlier-earliest happy—happier-happiest bus y—busier-busiest④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-este.g: big—bigger-biggest fat-fatter-fattest thin—thinner-thinnest hot—hotter-hottest⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词,比较级在原级前面加more，最高级在原级前加moste.g: popular--more popular—mostpopular important--more important—most important （2）不规则变化：少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：good/well—better--best bad/badly—worse--worst man y/much—more--mostlittle—less--least far--farther/further—farthest/furt hest四、比较级的用法:(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级1．表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。

初中英语语法：形容词考点分析归纳一、多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序当多个形容词共同修饰一个名词，它们通常按以下方式排列：描绘形容词—大小(长短高低)形容词—形状形容词—年龄(新旧)形容词—颜色形容词—国籍形容词—材料形容词—用途(类别)形容词—名词。

如：This is a nice(好看的) small(小小的) round(圆形的) new(新的) brown(褐色的) French (法国产的) oak(橡木做的) writing desk(写字台).但是，以上情况并不绝对，例外的情况是常有的，况且以上规则也不好记。

下面再介绍几条原则性的东西，供参考：(1) 总体描述在前，具体描述在后；(2) 主观描述在前，客观描述在后；(3) 普遍性描述在前，特殊性描述在后；(4) 短词在前，长词在后；(5) 与所修饰的名词关系不紧密的在前，关系紧密的在后。

二、表语形容词与定语形容词用法简述1. 表语的形容词所谓表语形容词指的就是只用于连系动词后作表语，不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。

这类形容词主要包括某些以a-开头的形容词，如afraid(害怕的)，alike(相同的)，alive(活着的)，alone(单独的)，ashamed(羞愧的)，asleep(睡着的)，awake(醒着的)，aware(意识到的)等。

如：He was half asleep. 他半睡着。

You are lucky to be alive. 你活着算是幸运的了。

The twins look very much alike. 这对双胞胎看上去非常相像。

其他的表语形容词还有(主要限于括号内的意思)：fine(健康的)，ill(有病的)，poorly(健康欠佳的)，well(身体健康的)，glad(高兴的)，pleased(高兴的)，sorry(难过的)，upset(心烦意乱的)，content(满意的)，certain (确信的)，sure(确信的)，fond(喜欢的)，ready(准备好的)等。

中考英语形容词知识讲解一、形容词的功能形容词可修饰名词或代词，在句中作状语，定语，表语或补足语，其功能如下: （一）作定语a nice dayan exciting movieI have something important to tell you.（二）作表语放在系动词之后【be /feel /get/ turn/look等】She is happy.He looks young.（三）作宾补I find the lecture interesting. 宾补The classroom is kept clean. 主补（四）作状语①原因状语Hungry and tired， I had to stop working.又饿又累，我停止了工作。

②结果状语After the long journey， we went back home， hungry and tired.长途旅行之后，我们回到了家，又饿又累。

③伴随状语He stood there，full of fear.他站在那里充满了恐惧。

④方式状语We arrived there very late，safe and sound.我们很晚到那儿，安然无恙。

二、形容词的构成我们可以从构词的角度来了解一些形容词的后缀。

增加对形容词的感性认识。

1.本身即为形容词的词pink 粉色的 glad 高兴的 nice 好的2.加后缀组成的形容词①加后缀:ywind windy 多风的health healthy 健康的②加后缀:ablecomfort comfortable 舒适的③加后缀:alperson personal 个人的nature natural 天然的④加后缀:engold golden 金色的⑤加后缀:entdiffer different 不同的⑥加后缀:ishchild childish 孩子气的⑦加后缀:iveexpense expensive 昂贵的⑧加后缀:fuluse useful 有用的peace peaceful 和平的faith faithful 忠诚的⑨加后缀:ousdanger dangerous 危险的fame famous 著名的⑩加后缀:lyfriend friendly 友好的year yearly 每年的father fatherly 父亲般的3.复合形容词的构成①副词+现在分词hard-working 辛勤的②副词+过去分词well -known 众所周知的③名词+过去分词man- made 人造的④名词+现在分词english -speaking 说英语的⑤名词+形容词world- famous 世界知名的⑥数字+名词five- star 5星级的⑦数词+名词edfive -storeyed 五层的⑧形容词+过去分词ready-made 现成的⑨形容词+名词edabsent -minded 心不在焉的cold-blooded 冷血的⑩形容词+现在分词easy- going 随和的11.数词+名词+形容词five-year-old 五岁的12.其他first -rate 第一流的face -to -face 面对面的4.分词式形容词boring 令人厌烦的bored 厌烦的exciting 令人兴奋的excited 兴奋的disappointing 令人失望的disappointed 失望的三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则及基本用法。

初中英语形容词和副词(含解析)专题形容词和副词考点一形容词、副语的句法功能形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词。

它们各自的功能以下：词类功能定语例句Han Mei is abeautifulgirl.韩梅是一个漂亮的女孩。

The meal is very表语这顿饭很美味。

delicious.形容词We must keep the classroomclean.宾语补足语我们一定保持教室洁净。

Bill gets up状语lateon weekends.比尔在周末起得晚。

Lifehereis rich and interesting.副词后置定语这里的生活既富饶又风趣。

Class is表语放学了。

考点二描述词的摆列序次许多学生对怎样摆列形容词的词序颇感疑惑。

over.在此，我们向同砚们引见一个简朴的影象办法。

请你记住“限观形龄色国材”，假设这几个字欠好记，你就记“县官行令谢国财”。

口诀申明代表限制词，包含冠词、指示代词、例词the，this，that，my，Tom's，two词等。

县（限）形容词性物主代词、名词全部格、数官（观）代表见地的描画性描述词。

fine，beautiful，interesting代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的行（形）small，tall，high，round描述词。

令（龄）代表年纪、新旧的形容词。

谢（色）代表颜色的形容词。

国代表国籍、地域、出处的形容词（或young，old，newred，black，whiteEnglish，名词）。

American财（材）代表中心名词组成资料的形容词。

wooden，stone，plasticThere is a fine old stone bridge near the village.村庄邻近有一座漂亮的古代石桥。

I bought a cheap blue plastic pencil box yesterday.昨天我买了一个廉价的蓝色塑料铅笔盒。

一、选择题1．I think Journey to the West is ______ of all the Chinese novels.A．interesting B．more interestingC．most interesting D．the most interesting2．―is the population of China? ―It’s about 1.4 billion. I think it's becoming . A．what, more and more B．How many, larger and largerC．What, larger and larger D．How much, smaller and smaller3．The population of China is ___________ than that of Russia. And this makes the traffic in China ___________.A．much larger, more crowdedB．much more, more crowdedlyC．much larger, more crowdedlyD．much more, more crowded4．We are covering these ____________ girls’ wonderful performances ______ . A．lively; live B．lively; alive C．alive; live D．alive; living 5．I'm surprised that Jenny is 42. I thought she was , for she seems to be in her thirties. A．younger B．olderC．young D．old6．—Rita can’t hear anything, right?—Yes. She became at the age of five.A．deaf B．blind C．upset7．—Good news! We will have a ________ holiday.—I’ve heard of it. But it’s coming in ________.A．three days; three days’ time B．three days’; three days’C．three-day; three days D．three days; three-day time 8．—Sonia, do you think you are different from Linda?—Yes. I'm ______ at drawing than her.A．better B．good C．well D．best9．Mr. Black’s memory is getting . As a result, he often leaves his keys at home. A．older B．poorer C．greater D．better 10．The result is ________ worse than we thought!A．more B．even C．great D．much more11．— What do you think of it?— Oh, I think it's that I have ever seen.A．one of most interesting movie B．one of the most interesting movie C．one of the most interesting movies D．one of most interesting movies 12．Steven is always ready to help others. What a(n)______ boy!A．kind B．healthy C．honest D．clever13．Don't keep _________ when you are asked some questions in class.A．silent B．generous C．forgetful D．private14．Paul works very hard and he is one of students in his class.A．good B．better C．best D．the best15．—How will we sell more products?—We need to come up with more _________ ideas.A．awful B．creative C．meaningless D．embarrassing 16．----How are you getting on with your cousin?-----Very well. He is really _______ and joins in all kinds of activities in his spare time.A．polite B．strict C．active D．careful 17．These days lots of people are working_________ to get_________ for their living. A．hard enough; enough money B．enough hardly; money enough C．enough hard; money enough D．hardly enough; enough money18．（江苏省无锡市锡北片2017届九年级下学期期中考试）—What do you think of the voice of Adele who won 2017 Grammy Awards?—Oh, I’ve never heard __________ one.A．the best B．a best C．a good D．a better19．- The government has taken many actions to prevent pollution.- I hope that in the future there will be _____ pollution and a lot _____ clear, blue skies. A．less; more B．more; less C．fewer; more D．less; many20．My grandfather lives______ in a(an) _______ village but he never feels _________. A．lonely, alone, lonely B．alone, lonely, lonely C．alone, alone, lonely D．lonely, lonely, alone 21．The bridge between the two islands is_______one in Suzhou.A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest 22．—The magician is planning to hide the Oriental Pearl Tower before a big audience.—Really? I have never heard ____________ idea before.A．the crazier B．a crazierC．the craziest D．a craziest23．We thought it＿for him to finish the job in such a short time. But in the end he succeeded. A．easy B．boring C．important D．impossible 24．— Playing video games is a waste of time .—I can’t agree more . There are meaningful things to do .A．the most B．the leastC．more D．less25．We've got a bedroom, if you'd like to stay.A．empty B．spare C．available【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】句意：我认为《西游记》是所有的中国小说中最有趣的。

一、选择题1．I drank a large cup of coffee yesterday evening, and it kept me ______ all night. A．intelligent B．patient C．absent D．awake2．一Do you think the weather will be all right for a weekend outing?一No, unless we're . The newspaper says it'll be very hot anyway.A．lucky B．confident C．wrong D．crazy3．It is_____to point at others with chopsticks during a meal in China．Yes．People will feel uncomfortable if you do so．A．traditional B．impolite C．common D．ancient4．- Do you like the western food, Li Li? - No, I think Chinese food is______ than that of western countries.A．more delicious B．the most deliciousC．not as delicious D．much delicious5．It is said that e-schoolbags are going to be brought into use in Chinese middle schools soon. In fact. It is a small computer that is __________ than a usual schoolbag but holds all the things for study, such as a _________，an exercise book and so on．A．much smaller, testbook B．even smaller, textbookC．far smaller, comic book6．—Good news! We will have a ________ holiday.—I’ve heard of it. But it’s coming in ________.A．three days; three days’ time B．three days’; three days’C．three-day; three days D．three days; three-day time7．Some students are so . They often make mistakes in their homework.A．careful B．serious C．careless D．successful8．—I really like to watch the TV program I AM A SINGER.—Me, too. It’s one of the ________ TV programs I’ve ever seen.A．least boring B．least interesting C．most boring D．most interesting 9．Mr. Black’s memory is getting . As a result, he often leaves his keys at home.A．older B．poorer C．greater D．better10．Hard work can bring you _____________, but if you are lazy, you won’t become___________.A．success; successful B．successful; successfulC．successful; success D．success; success11．The sky in Zhengzhou these days is even , so we don’t have to wear the masks. A．more clearly B．more clearlier C．fresher D．more fresher 12．Steven is always ready to help others. What a(n)______ boy!A．kind B．healthy C．honest D．clever 13．Susan never gets upset when she has to wait in line. She is very ______ .A．shyB．honestC．funnyD．patient14．— How was your job interview yesterday?—Oh, I couldn’t feel ______.I could hardly answer most of the questions they asked. A．worse B．easier C．better D．happier 15．The summer holiday is coming , We`re going to have______ holiday.A．a two-month B．a two-months C．two months D．two-months 16．—Why don’t you like winter in Beijing?—Because it is __________ winter in Guangzhou.A．as cold as B．much colder thanC．not so clod as D．not colder than17．一I eat _______ vegetables and ________ meat than I did last year.一That’s why you’re getting fatter.A．fewer…more B．more…less C．less…more D．many… much 18．you speak,_ your English will be.A．The less; the more B．The more; the betterC．The less; the better D．The more: the less19．People usually like the TV channels with funnier programmes but ________advertisements. A．few B．littleC．fewer D．less20．－What do you think of the movie The Fate of the Furious 8?－It is ! I enjoy it very much.A．fantastic B．friendly C．awful D．noisy 21．—How will we sell more products?—We need to come up with more _________ ideas.A．awful B．creative C．meaningless D．embarrassing 22．These days lots of people are working_________ to get_________ for their living. A．hard enough; enough money B．enough hardly; money enough C．enough hard; money enough D．hardly enough; enough money23．This is _______ film I have ever seen. I almost fell asleep when I was watching it. A．interesting B．boring C．more interesting D．the most boring24．It is a ________ lifestyle to eat a balanced diet and take enough exercise.A．health B．healthy C．unhealthy D．healthily 25．We've got a bedroom, if you'd like to stay.A．empty B．spare C．available【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：昨天晚上我喝了一大杯咖啡，这使我彻夜难眠。