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M3 U3 语法点一、重点短语1.decide to do sth 决定做某事2.keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康（keep + adj. ）3.stop to do 停下来去做（未做）stop doing sth 停止做某事（正在做）4.a bit = a little 有点儿（修饰adj\adv的原形或比较级）a bit late 有点儿晚 a bit earlier 更早一点5.all the same 仍然6.It is still faster than walking. 它仍然比走路更快一点。
比较级+ than + doing 比做什么更.....7.see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事（正在进行）see sb do sth 看见某人做过某事（已经完成，或经常发生）I saw a boy reading a book. 我看见一个男孩正在读书。
I saw them get on the bus. 我看见他们上了公共汽车。
8.The more you go jogging, the healthier you will feel.你慢跑的越多，就会感到越健康。
The + 比较级，the + 比较级，表示“越....就越....”二、重点语法1. 副词的比较级①规则变化：形容词和副词比较级变化相同，回顾形容词变化规则。
原级比较级good \ well betterbad \ ill \ badly worsemany \ much morelittle lessfar farther \ further2.常考句型①“比较级+ and + 比较级”表示“越来越....”colder and colderhotter and hotter如果双音节或多音节的单词，则为“more and more+形容词\副词原形”more and more popularmore and more comfortable②“the + 比较级..., the+ 比较级....”表示“越....就越....”The more you read, the more you will know.你读书读得越多，懂得就越多。
M3U3语言知识点在英语学习的道路上，每一个单元都像是一座知识的宝库，等待着我们去探索和挖掘。
M3U3 这个单元也不例外，其中蕴含着丰富多样的语言知识点，让我们一起来深入了解一下吧。
首先，咱们来聊聊词汇部分。
在这个单元中，出现了一系列与特定主题相关的新单词。
比如说，“＿____”这个单词，它的意思是“＿____”，在日常交流或者写作中，我们可以用它来表达“＿____”的情境。
还有“＿____”这个词，常常用于描述“＿____”的情况。
掌握这些新单词的含义、拼写和用法，对于我们提升语言表达的准确性和丰富性有着重要的作用。
语法方面，M3U3 中也有不少值得我们关注的要点。
其中，时态的运用是一个重点。
比如，过去完成时在这个单元中就有较为深入的讲解。
过去完成时表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，其结构是“had ＋过去分词”。
我们通过具体的句子来理解一下，“I had finished my homework before my mother came back”（在我妈妈回来之前，我已经完成了作业。
）在这个句子中，“had finished”就是过去完成时，强调“完成作业”这个动作发生在“妈妈回来”之前。
另外，宾语从句也是本单元的一个重要语法点。
宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的成分，通常由连接词引导。
例如，“I know that he is a good student”（我知道他是一个好学生。
）在这个句子中，“that he is a good student”就是宾语从句，作为“know”这个动词的宾语。
在短语和固定搭配方面，M3U3 也为我们带来了很多实用的内容。
像“＿____”这个短语，意思是“＿____”，我们可以说“＿____”。
还有“＿____”，用于表示“＿____”的情况。
熟练掌握这些短语和固定搭配，能够让我们的英语更加地道和自然。
说到句子结构，本单元中出现了一些较为复杂的句式。
比如，强调句“ It is/was ＋被强调部分＋ that/who ＋其他部分”，通过强调句，我们能够更加强调某个特定的成分，使我们的表达更有重点。
七年级英语下册M3U3知识讲解【语法】语法：一般将来时（一）(1)一般将来时：表示自己打算做某事，计划做某事或有意做某事；或表示即将发生某事。
(2)结构：主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其它Eg: 肯定句：I am going to visit Beijing tomorrow.我明天要去参观北京。
否定句：I am not going to visit Beijing tomorrow.我明天不会去参观北京。
一般疑问句：Are you going to visit Beijing tomorrow?你明天回去参观北京吗？肯定回答：Yes, I am.否定回答：No, I’m not.特殊疑问句：What are you going to do tomorrow?你明天打算干什么？(3)时间标志词：in + 时间段； tomorrow, the day after tomorrow(后天)；next ~； ina week等(4)there be的将来时结构为：There is/ are going to be + 名词 + 地点短语Eg: There is going to be a meeting next week.下周将会有一个会议。
【知识讲解】1.Listen to music 听音乐Eg: She likes listening to music.她喜欢听音乐。
2.Go shopping= do some shopping 去购物Eg: She often goes shopping with her mother on weekends.她经常周末和妈妈去购物。
3.Do some sports 做运动Eg: Many young people in the UK do some sports on Saturday morning.在英国许多年轻人在周六上午做运动。
沪教版五年级上知识点总结M3U3 Seeing the doctor一.单词fever（n. 发烧）toothache（n. 拉链）cough（n. 咳嗽）cold（n. 感冒）medicine（n. 药）dentist（n. 牙医）either（ad. 也（否定））time（n. 时间（不可数），次数（可数））toothless（a. 没牙的）other（a. 其他的）hide（v. 躲，藏）themselves（反身代词. 他们自己）secret（n. 秘密）soon（很快）hurt（n.／v.／a. 受伤，疼痛）cave（n. 山洞）become（v. 变成，成为）二.词组1.感觉很好feel well2.你怎么了？What’s the matter with you？／What’s wrong with you？3.咳嗽have a cough4.发烧have a fever5.牙疼have a toothache6.看一眼have a look7.开会have a meeting8.吃一些药take some medicine9.别的什么… What else…10.休息have a rest11.没关系。
You’re welcome.12.需要／应该做should do13.在牙医所at the dentist’s14.对…有害be bad for15.提问频率（两种）How often 、How many times16.害怕做某事be afraid of doing sth./be afraid to do sth.17.有一个主意have an idea18.最好的食物the best food19.变得更好become better20.拔出pull out21.软饮料soft drink22.看医生see the doctor二．知识点1.have + a +某种病意为“生…病”➢have a fever／cough／cold 发烧／咳嗽／感冒➢have a toothache／headache／stomachache／earache 牙疼／头疼／胃疼／耳朵疼（器官+ache（疼痛））➢have a sore throat 喉咙疼➢其它一些have的词组：have a walk／picnic／meeting／rest2.secret用法➢n. 秘密➢常见词组：keep a secret 保守秘密➢secret + ary = secretary n. 秘书3.情态动词should（用法与情态动词can一样）➢should + 动词原形➢should本身无三单变化➢否定：should not（shouldn’t）+动词原形➢一般疑问句：Should …？（将should提前）肯定回答：Yes，…should.否定回答：No，…shouldn’t.e.g. You should do your homework now.You shouldn’t do your homework now.（否定）Should I do my homework now？（一般疑问句）4.feel用法➢*一般过去时：feel felt felt➢系动词：feel + a.（feel happy）➢feel —feeling n. 感受（可数）e.g. Ben feels well today. 本今天觉得很好。
Module 3 Unit 3Monday 星期一Tuesday 星期二Wednesday 星期三Thursday 星期四Friday 星期五Saturday 星期六Sunday 星期天week 周、星期always 总是usually 通常often 经常sometimes 有时候never 从不busy 忙free 空闲rainbow 彩虹classmate 同学weekend 周末Chinese chess 象棋activity 活动film 电影show 演出meeting 会议from Monday to Friday 从周一到周末on Tuesday afternoon 在周二下午play Chinese chess 玩象棋at weekends 在周末have a good time 玩得高兴at two thirty 在二点半visit my grandparents 拜访我的祖父母how often 多久see a film 看电影have meetings 开会in the Music Club 在音乐俱乐部music shows 音乐节目have Music classes 上音乐课over there 在那儿There are seven days in a week. Sunday is the first day of a week.I’m always busy on Monday and Tuesday.I’m never busy on Saturday and Sunday.Peter always plays basketball with his classmates on Tuesday afternoon.He usually goes to the Chinese chess club on Wednesday afternoon.He often plays with Sally and Paul at home.What do you usually do at weekends?I usually play badminton with my father.Do you go to the park at weekends?作文：I’m in the Music Club. On Tuesday afternoon, we have music classes in the music room. On Thursday afternoon, we have music shows in the hall. On Friday afternoon, we have meetings in the music room.r十二月。
M3U3 基础知识回顾%1.单词拼写1.Most of the r from Pompeii have been found on the roads away from the city.2.He could have been a great man, but he was c by power.3.You can hardly imagine what great difficulty they had f their own company.4.We judge a student on the b of his or her performance in all aspects.5.A m garden was to be created for the Princess in a London Park.6.With a lot of water p out of the river, many houses along the river were washedaway.7.The math problem was too difficult for Tom ,but with the help of his teacher, he g began to understand it.8.The man made c to the waiter about the soup which was much too salty.9.The moment he returned home, he found that his dog had been p to death.10.The more p the car is ,the more difficult it is to handle.11.It's time we raised the a of the public to protect the earth.12.U I lost my keys five minutes ago and now I have to wait until my roommatescome back.13.She threw the vase on the floor and it e into tiny pieces.14.It was quite a few years before the accused man was d innocent and set free.15.Earthquakes are so d that sometimes they can result in death and d.%1.用方框内所给词组的适当形式填空point out get ready to break down pour our of flee from win a place attend a lecture stand in one's path take over have had enough of rise up against carry out put under protection turn out run through1.Mary driving fbr one hour to work, so she is considering moving to the citycentre.2.He wants to start his own business instead of his father's.3.It seemed that nothing would to success after he defeated all thoseagainst him.4.The peasants the cruel emperor and eventually overthrew the government.5.The crowd the theatre after the film was over.6.My car on the freeway when I came here.7.People the war were taken good care of here.8.It is now my wish to in the first team.9.She on dress design last week.10.You must turn off the water supply before repairs.11.Lisa didn't get along with Henry for he always liked to her mistakes.12.Why does it take you so long to go out?13.Though it appeared cloudy yesterday , it to be a fine day.14.The antelope () is one of the first animals in China.more difficult.D. read goingto resign.D.knowsD. is coming_________ them. D. to follow only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.C. carrying D. being carried 15. The eight men the thick forests surrounding the prison last night.%1. 单项选择1. in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the world. A. It was founded B. Being founded C. Founding D. Founded2. ——Sorry you. Please go on.——Where was I?——Ybu were saying you didiVt like your father's job.A. to inteiTuptB. to have interruptedC. to be interruptedD. to be interrupting3. She is the only one of those women archaeologists who chosen to go to Pompeii.A. has beenB. hadC. have beenD. have4. Much to their surprise, between the two rows of trees an old temple.A. are standingB. standC. standsD. standing5.1 have read a large part of the book, the rest of which A. is B. are C. is read6. No one in the department but Tom and I that the director is A. have known B. am to know C. know7. -・・・Is everyone here?-■■-Not yet... Look, there the rest of our guests.A. comesB. comeC. are coming 8. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog A. following B. followed C. follows9. Passengers are permittedA. to be carriedB. to cany10. -Thank you, professor. Your talk helps us a lot.A. I'm glad toB. No ,thank youC. I hope it has been informativeD. I'm satisfied with you11. -■一You forgot to turn off your computer when you went out.-…Good heavens, and.A. so did I; so Tom didB. so I did; so did TomC. so did I; so did TomD. so I did; so Tom did12. He meant to help, , but in fact he only added to our trouble.A. no doubtB. no problemC. generally speakingD. luckily13. It is neither you nor I who likely to take charge of the project, though I don'tknow who will.A. wereB. wasC. areD. am14. More than one person late for class this morning.A. areB. wasC. isD. were15. ----Do you mind my smoking here?——. I got a terrible cough.A. Of course notB. Take it easyC. Ybu are welcomeD. V m afraid I do16.——Do you know exactly where the bookshop is?•••・No, but it be in the east of the town.A. canB. needC. mightD. must17.I've read many heroic and moving stories in the book, I will tell you sometime later.A. whichB. whenC. whichD. what18.-■■-1 feel so nervous about taking the final exams next week.-•一・ You should relax.A. No problemB. Take it easyC. Cheer upD. Never mind19.His uncle, along with some of his friends who fond of adventure, makingpreparations for the trip.A. are; areB. is; isC. is; areD. are; is20.Turn down the player while listening to music. Loud sound be bad for your sense of hearing,you know.A. canB. ought toC. shouldD. have to2L Apply fbr the job if you are interested, in person on the phone. If you want to go to the company personally, you should dress smartly.A. not; butB. either; orC. not only; but alsoD. neither; nor22. ---- You must be satisfied with your job, Tom.-■一.Actually, Fve had enough of doing the same thing day after day.A. Don't mention itB. Never mindC. I couldn't agree moreD. Not at all三.课文句子填空J1.能获得这次旅行的机会我感到非常幸运CI feel lucky _____________________ on this trip.2.这座城市建于公元前8世纪，公元前89年，罗马人占领了庞贝。
八年级英语下册M3U3预习指导一、知识点一、语法：现在完成时（二）1.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：（1）二者意义上的区别：现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调现在的情况，它与现在有密切的关系。
它不是从时间上就是从结果上和现在联系了起来，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系。
（2）时间状语上不同：现在完成时的时间状语有：already, yet, still, ever, so far(到目前为止), recently, these days/weeks/years, since +时间点, for + 时间段, in the last/past (few years)等。
一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday ~系列；last ~ 系列；~ago系列；in + 过去时间；及上下文暗示或其他一些特殊的时间状语Eg: (1) I have already seen the film.(强调我已经知道电影的内容)我已经看过这部电影了。
(2) I saw the film last week. (强调我看电影的动作)我上周看了这部电影。
2.have been to …去过某地（已经回来了）have gone to…去了某地（还没有回来）have been in…曾住在某地Eg: (1) I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。
(2) He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了（还没有回来）。
(3) She has been in Beijing for 3 years.她在北京住了三年。
3.already, yet, ever, still在现在完成时中的区别：already“已经”用于肯定句中，与现在完成时连用，already不用于否定句中，但可用于疑问句中，表示期待对方做出明确或表示惊讶，此时already位于句末yet“已经”与现在完成时连用，用于否定句或疑问句中，位于句末，可与not连用表示“还没有”ever“曾经”用于现在完成时中，用于否定句、疑问句、比较结构或带if的句子中still“至今还，现在仍然”用于肯定句中Eg: (1) I have already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了。
M3Unit 3 Back to the past单元知识清单Part 1 词汇表词形变化1.文明 civilization (n.) – civilize (v.) 使文明，使开化– civilized (adj.) 文明的，有礼貌的2.讲座 lecture (n.) – lecture (v.) 演讲；训诫；讲课– lecturer (n.) 演讲者3.兴建，创建 found (v.) – foundation (n.) 地基；根据，基础；建立4.（火山等）爆发 erupt (v.) – eruption (n.)5.不幸的；遗憾的 unfortunate – unfortunately (adv.) – fortunate (反adj.) –fortunately (反adv.) – fortune (n.) – misfortune (反n.)6.泥浆，烂泥 mud (n.) – muddy (adj.)7.装饰，装潢 decorate – decoration (n.)8.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开 flee – fled (p.) – fled (pp.)9.毁坏，摧毁 destroy (v.) – destruction (n.) – destructive (adj.)10.商业的commercial (adj.) –commercialize (v.) 使商业化–commercialized (adj.)商业化的11.富有的，富裕的 wealthy (adj.) – wealth (n.)12.文化的 cultural (adj.) – culture (n.)13.遗物，遗迹，遗骸 remains (n.) – remain (v.) 保持；留下– remaining (adj.) 剩余的14.爆炸 explode (v.) – explosion (n.)15.抱怨 complain (vi.) – complaint (n.) 抱怨，埋怨16.历史 history (n.) – historical (adj.) 与历史有关的– historic (adj.) 有历史意义的17.表达；表情 expression (n.) – express (v.) – express (adj.)18.教育 educate (v.) – education (n.) – educative (adj.) 教育的，教育上的–educational (adj.) 有教育意义的– educated (adj.) 受过教育的，有教养的–educator (n.) 教育者19.辉煌；荣耀，光荣 glory (n.) – glorious (adj.)20.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的 aware (adj.) – awareness (n.)21.毒药，毒物 poison (n.) – poison (v.) 毒害，下毒– poisonous (adj.) 有毒的22.研究者 researcher (n.) – research (v./n)23.渐渐的，逐渐的 gradually (adv.) – gradual (adj.)24.极度的，极端的 extreme (adj.) – extremely (adv.)25.木制的 wooden (adj.) – wood (n.) – woods (n.)26.强有力的 powerful (adj.) – powerless (反adj.) – power (n.) 权利；能力；力量27.法官；裁判员 judge (n.) – judge (v.) – judgment (n.) 判断Part 2 词汇表重点单词讲解及短语补充1.take over = take control of 接管；控制2.(1) in ruins 成为废墟(2) ruin one’s hope/health/life 毁了某人的希望/健康/一生3.remains(1)the remains of a church 一所教堂的废墟(2)the remains of the meal 剩饭(3)remain a mystery 仍然是个谜(4)remain silent 保持沉默(5)remain seated/sitting 待在座位上(6)Many problems remain to be solved. 许多问题有待解决。
英语学科教师辅导讲义1. There is a woman near the house.（变复数）_________________________________________________________2. There are some buses near the hill.（变单数）_________________________________________________________3. There are some apples in the tree.（变一般问句）_________________________________________________________4. There are some oranges in the glass.（变否定句）_________________________________________________________5. Are there any big trees behind my house? (否定回答)_________________________________________________________6. There are many beautiful flowers in the garden. (就划线部分提问)_________________________________________________________ .小朋友，对于下图中的地方你一定不陌生吧？你会经常去逛超市吗？能不能告诉老师，超市中一般会有些什么呢？那么在英语中，我们进入超市会用到哪些表达呢？让我们一起进入今天的学习吧！一、词汇与句型【知识梳理】1．bowl [bəʊl]n. 碗【拓展】a bowl of soup 一碗汤厨具bowl 碗fork 叉knife 刀spoon 勺子funnel漏斗pan平底锅whisk搅拌器peeler削皮器can opener开罐器【例句】He had two bowls of noodles in no time. 他很快就吃完了两碗面。
高一英语期中复习M3Unit3一Words1.civilization(n)---civilize(vt)使开化，使文明化---civilized(adj)文明的，有教养的2.lecture(n)---lecturer(n)讲师，讲演者3.found(vt)---foundation(n)创立/设；地基，基础found---founded---founded4.unfortunate(adj)---unfortunately(adv)---fortunate(adj)---fortunately(adv) fortune(n)---misfortune(n)不幸5.decorate(vt)---decoration(n)6.flee(vt)---fled---fled---fleeing7.destroy(vt)---destroyed---destroyeddestruction(n)损坏，破坏---destructive(adj)破坏性的---destroyer(n)破坏者8.cultural(adj)---culture(n)9.remains(n)遗物/迹/骸---remain(v)剩余；保持，仍是；留待---remaining(adj)剩余的10.explode(v)---explosion(n)---explosive(adj)（易）爆炸的plain(vi)---complaint(n)12.declare(vt)宣布/称，断言，声明---declaration(n)---declared(adj)公然的，公开宣布的13.memory(n)---memorize(vt)记住，背熟---memorial(n/adj)纪念碑/馆；纪念的14 educate(vt)---education(n)---educator(n)educated(adj)受过教育的，有教养的---educational(adj)教育（方面）的15.aware(adj)---unaware(adj)未意识到的，不知道---awareness(n)16.basis(n)---bases(pl)---base(vt)17.judge(n/v)法官，审判员，裁判员；审判，裁决---judgement(n)审判，判断18.erupt(vi)---eruption(n)---eruptive(adj)喷发的19.mud(n)—muddy(adj)泥泞的mercial(adj)---commerce(n)商业21.wealthy(adj)---wealth(n)财富22.corrupt(vt/adj)使腐化，堕落/腐败的，堕落的---corruption23.poison(n/vt)---poisonous(adj)24.solution(n)---solve(vt)二Phrases1. create/destroy civilizationadvanced civilization 先进文明lost civilization 失落的文明civilized citizen 文明的市民civil war 内战2.deliver/give/address a lecture (to sb) about/on sth关于---向某人发表演讲3.found sth on sth 将---建立在---的基础上be founded on a novel founded on fact建立在事实基础上的小说lay a solid foundation for…为---打下坚实的基础4.When in Rome, do as the Roman do.入乡随俗Rome was not built in a day.冰冻三尺非一日之寒5.take over接管/任，夺取，吞并，继承take back 收回（所说之话）；退回（某物）take down拿下，取下；记下，写下put/write/set/take down记下，写下take in 吸取/收，摄入；理解，领会；留宿；改小（衣服）take off起飞；脱下；走红，受欢迎；请假，休息take on呈现；雇佣；承担take up占据（时间/空间）；开始从事；拿起；继续讲take control of控制6.be (un)fortunate to do/in doingIt is (un)fortunate that…make a fortune发财seek/try one’s foutune碰运气tell one’s fortune算命7.decorate sth with sth用---装饰---be decorated with8.flee to/from sp逃亡到/从---逃走flee from responsibility逃避责任9.cultural exchange文化交流culture shock文化冲击10.in ruins成为废墟11.the remains of supper剩饭the remains of ancient Greek古希腊遗址remain silent/seated/sitting保持沉默/仍然坐着sth remain to be seen/doneit remains to be seen whether…留待，有待证实the remaining 20 dollars/the 20 dollars leftremain a worker 仍是一个工人remain in touch with sb 与某人保持联系remain unfinished 仍旧未完成plain (to sb) about/of sth关于---向某人抱怨/投诉make a complaint投诉13.declare thatdeclare sb/sth (to be) +n/adj宣布/声称----是---declare the meeting open/closeddeclare war against/on向---宣战declare for/against宣布赞成/反对14 in memory ofin honor of15.a well-educated person受过良好教育的人an educational program教育节目16.be (well/quite/fully) aware ofbe aware thatmake sb aware ofincreace/raise environmental awareness增强环保意识17.on the basis of以---为基础base sth on sth把---建立在---的基础上be based on19.Don’t judge a person by his appearance.judge by/from根据---判断Judging from his accent, he is from the south.20.be known as 作为---而闻名be known for因为---而闻名be known to sb为某人熟知21.be buried alive被活埋bury sb/sth alivebury one’s face/head in…把---埋在---里bury oneself in (doing) sth埋头于，专心致志于be buried in/be lost in/be absorbed in埋头于，专心致志于22.cut down 砍倒/伐；削减，缩减cut off 切断（水/电/煤气）；使分离，隔绝cut out删除；裁减，切下，剪下cut back (on sth)减少，削减cut in插嘴cup up切碎cut across抄近路23.turn out (to be)+n/adj结果（证明）是turn down关小，调低；拒绝turn up调高；出现，露面turn in 上交turn over 翻身，翻转turn to向---求助/翻至/查阅turn into 变成turn sb away把某人拒之门外，不准进入24.carry out a surprise attack/a promise/an order/an experiment实施/执行/贯彻/实现/完成carry on继续移动/carry on with---继续做25.lead to sp 通向某地lead to (sb) doing/being done 导致某人（被）lead to the thief being caughtlead sb to sp带领某人去---lead sb to do sth带领/领导某人做---/使某人做lead/live better lives26.set sail for27.(There is) no doubt (that)…in doubt不确定without/out of doubt确定地，毋容质疑28.join sth to sth/join sth and sth together把---和---连接起来join the army/the Party/the club加入组织/团体join in sth 参加活动join sb in (doing) sth 加入某人一起做29.It seems that…sb/sth seem to do似乎/好象要做---there seems to be…似乎有there used to be ---过去有expect there to be---期待有imagine there being想象有dream of there being 梦想有30. in battle31.rise up against (rose/risen)起义，反抗32.stand in one’s path/way挡道，阻碍e down with患上34.march all the way to India长驱直入进入印度35.grow/be tired of endless battles对无休止的战争感到厌烦be tired with/from因---而疲劳36.divide sth among…在---中瓜分divide sth into sth把---分成几份37.centuries to come随后的几个世纪the following centuriesthe centuries that follow38.refuse to go any furtuer拒绝再往前走39.play key roles in history在历史上起重要作用40.think of…as…/look on…as…将---视作----regard…as…/consider..as…/see…as…/take…as…/count…as…41.earn one’s salary by doing sth42.have a deep influence on…对---有深远影响have influence on=have an impact/effect ona man of influence 有权势的人under the influence ofcultural/environmental influences文化/环境影响influence the development of影响….的发展43.in many casesin this/that casein on case决不in case of/in case如果，以防万一as is often the case正如常有的情况44.have enough of受够了---45.take sb to court for doing sth因---将某人带上法庭46.make a bad situation worse使事情雪上加霜47.be put to death被处死48.force sb to do/into doing49.defend oneself (against sth )保护/卫---以防；为---辩护50has a similarity to sb in sth 与某人在某方面有相似之处similarities between A and Bbe similar to sb in sth 在某方面与某人很相似51.the surrounding countryside周围的乡村surround(vt) be surrounded by被---环绕/包围surroundings(n)环境52.It is believed/said/reported that…据信/说/报道sb/sth be believed/said/reported to do/to be doing/to have done据信/说/报道---将要做/正在做/已经做了53.become a doctor/turn doctorbecome king54.as a result 结果as a result of因为---55.as it was 正如它原来的样子56.drive sb to do 逼迫某人做drive sb mad/out of one’s mind使某人发疯/失去理智drive sb into a corner 逼得某人走投无路57.in good/poor condition状态良好/不好, 身体好/不好be out of condition 状态不好/身体不好on condition that 只要on no condition=in no case决不living/working conditions 生活/工作条件。
